1 10 18 https://archives.howelllibrary.org/files/original/bdc3c4f3ac490d514a7c9c6f394a1457.pdf 3413f86120b8535608943b0bdba98e00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books - Local History Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Rights Note Extra Rights information for In Copyright or Copyright Undetermined items. Howell Carnegie District Library makes no representation that it is the owner of the copyright in any published material. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission to publish from the owner of the copyright. Note Extra information that can be shown with the item. Such as how to get a physical copy of the item. Use the Windows Snipping Tool to capture the area of the document you want to save. If you want multiple pages printed please see staff to print the pages you want. <a href="https://howelllibrary.org/technology/#print" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the library's printing information.</a> Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of (Hospital Service in Howell) McPherson Memorial Hospital Subject The topic of the resource Hospitals Hospital buildings Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource In Copyright Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Paul Baldwin, Jr. Description An account of the resource A history of McPherson Memorial Hospital at the corner of Clinton Street and Michigan Avenue in Howell, Michigan from 1926 to 1958. Names Mentioned: Howell Circle of the King's Daughters, Edith J.Wines, Edward G. McPherson, Mr. Rice, Alexander McPherson, Rosalee McPherson, William McPherson III, Bert Hoff, Fay and Kasurin, Isabel McPherson, McPherson Community Health Center, McPherson State Bank, First of America Bank, Martin J. McPherson, Bert S. Pate, William E. Robb, Berthold W. Woodhams, Arthur Joy, Otis Elevator, M.R.B (Baldwin) Hardware, B.B. Wright, B.J. O'Keefe, C.N. Holkins and Son, H.W. and C. A. Peavy, R.B. McPherson, W.E. Beach, Reverend Ambrose, Emily Mutter, Francis J. Shields, John Wrigglesworth, Dr. W.B. Huntley, Dr. Charles Foo, H.R. Gillette, Reverendd William Clyde Donald, Victor X-ray Corporation, Snook Transformer, Spencer microscope, DePuy Hospital Service, Cogswell chairs, State Sanitorium, H.G. Huntington, H.P. Mellus, W.J. Rynearson, Claude Sigler, Hollis Sigler, Dr. Singer, J.M Brigham, J.E. Browne, C.F. Culver, J. Cunningham, L.A. Davis, J.J. Hendren, Owen Hendren, C.H. Lamoreaux, Dr. Huntley, Dr. Howard, Dr. Huffman, R.H. McPherson, Michigan Bell Telephone Company, Citizens Mutual Insurance Company, Pere Marquette Railroad, Lyle Schnackenberg, First State and Savings Bank, First National Bank, Rex Theater, Al Jolson, Charlie Chaplin, Tom Mix, Jay P. Sweeney, Donald W. VanWinkle, Arthur VandenBerg, Graham Paige, A&P Store, Goodnow, G.O. Bakke, Grace Bower, Mrs. Rodney Hubbel, S. Orum, Mrs. Kressell, Miss Baker, Miss Dunning, Miss Harris, Mrs. Ray Pickel, Mrs. Whitaker, Miss Tyndall, Edward Papworth, Chamberlain Sanitorium and Hospital, Blue Cross, Blue Shield, Dr. Vann, Dr. McGregor, Federal Hill-Burton Grant hospital mcpherson https://archives.howelllibrary.org/files/original/8ee83f4d8bdb9acb519a9380130bdfad.pdf ad2b5e9bb89bf343201e08b20646cb99 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books - Local History Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Rights Note Extra Rights information for In Copyright or Copyright Undetermined items. Howell Carnegie District Library makes no representation that it is the owner of the copyright in any published material. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission to publish from the owner of the copyright. Note Extra information that can be shown with the item. Such as how to get a physical copy of the item. Use the Windows Snipping Tool to capture the area of the document you want to save. If you want multiple pages printed please see staff to print the pages you want. <a href="https://howelllibrary.org/technology/#print" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the library's printing information.</a> Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource McPherson Community Health Center Dates, Places and People of Note Subject The topic of the resource Hospitals Hospital buildings Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No Copyright - United States Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952/1983 Description An account of the resource Dates, Places and People of Note at the McPherson Community Health Center on Byron Road in Howell, Michigan. Names Mentioned: Charles Sutton, Robert Akin, Ross Robb, Percy Allmand, June Zimmerman, Ed McPherson, Mrs. Jesse Allen, Mrs. Frances Barron, Joseph Brady, Albert Cole, Robert Craig, D.G. Deering, Stanley Dinkel, Mrs. Andrew Jackson, Sherman Jubb, George Kirkland, T.J. Kizer Sr., Lorraine Liverance, William McPherson III, James Murphy, Carl Raddatz, Mrs. Fred Rogers, Herb Sneed, Ronald Struble, Orland Young, Ed Fritch, John B. McDonald, Dr. Thomas Barton, Tony Klienschmidt, Norland Cartwight (Carpenter?), Cecil Lepard, Charles Keesler, J. Henry Cornell, George Kirkland, Dr. Roscoe Stuber, Norlan Cartwright, Robert Nass, Jessie Van Horn, Joseph Sullivan, Gordon Bradman, Mrs. Gus McCreedy, Robert A. DeVries, Lois Mervin, JOhn Slater, Wendell Jacobs, Stanley Hoffman, Fred Hauer, Burton Hill, Medicare, Medicaid, Mrs. Helen Salmon, May Switzer, Charles McKinley, Mr. DeVries, Dr. Earl Kellams, Dr. Browne, Bennett Volume Respirator, Richard Lane, Dr. William Earl, County Department of Alcohol Services, Michigan Association of Alcoholism, Dr. K.N. Manunath, Dr. Gary Jalkenburg, Warren Garr, McPherson Professional Building, School of Practical Nursing, National League of Nursing hospital mcpherson https://archives.howelllibrary.org/files/original/aec51845dd5f1b645c593716ab75aa8b.pdf 885cf6b0ee1e6595799c8f5af01a6028 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books - Local History Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Rights Note Extra Rights information for In Copyright or Copyright Undetermined items. Howell Carnegie District Library makes no representation that it is the owner of the copyright in any published material. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission to publish from the owner of the copyright. Note Extra information that can be shown with the item. Such as how to get a physical copy of the item. Use the Windows Snipping Tool to capture the area of the document you want to save. If you want multiple pages printed please see staff to print the pages you want. <a href="https://howelllibrary.org/technology/#print" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the library's printing information.</a> Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Brief History of McPherson Hospital Description An account of the resource A brief history from the beginning of McPherson Memorial Hospital located at the corner of Clinton Street and Michigan Avenue in Howell, Michigan in 1926 to McPherson Community Health Center on Byron Road in Howell, Michigan in the 1990's. Names mentioned: King's Daughters, Edward G. McPherson, Rosalee McPherson, McPherson State Bank, First of America Bank, Livingston Manor, McPherson Professional Building, and McAuley-McPherson Health Building in Brighton, Michigan, Subject The topic of the resource Hospitals Hospital buildings Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No Copyright - United States Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1926/1992 hospital mcpherson Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books - Local History Hyperlink A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet. URL <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.7916/d8-gmrd-n597" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View correspondence for Carnegie Public Library, Howell, Michigan</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Howell Carnegie District Library Historical Records Description An account of the resource Correspondence between citizens of Howell, Michigan and Andrew Carnegie regarding the creation of Howell Carnegie District Library. Subject The topic of the resource Correspondence Carnegie libraries Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No Copyright - United States Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/jpeg Type The nature or genre of the resource Image Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1902-01-09 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Rare Book & Manuscript Library, Columbia University Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a href="https://dlc.library.columbia.edu/carnegie?f%5Blib_name_sim%5D%5B%5D=Home+Trust+Company" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Home Trust Company</a> howell library Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books - Local History Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Note Extra information that can be shown with the item. Such as how to get a physical copy of the item. Use the Windows Snipping Tool to capture the area of the document you want to save. If you want multiple pages printed please see staff to print the pages you want. <a href="https://howelllibrary.org/technology/#print" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the library's printing information.</a> Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michigan State Sanatorium Rules and Information For Patients - Howell, Michigan, 1911 Description An account of the resource A booklet describing what consumption is and the patient rules at the sanatorium. The daily routine is also listed. Subject The topic of the resource Sanatoriums Tuberculosis Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No Copyright - United States Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text/plain Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1911 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Livingston Republican Type The nature or genre of the resource Text howell sanatorium https://archives.howelllibrary.org/files/original/aa31cfdda0f13ae7877f23cb6b744846.pdf 4b41a281e3b1726e59b0e0e2358fae00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books - Local History Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Rights Note Extra Rights information for In Copyright or Copyright Undetermined items. Howell Carnegie District Library makes no representation that it is the owner of the copyright in any published material. It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain permission to publish from the owner of the copyright. Note Extra information that can be shown with the item. Such as how to get a physical copy of the item. Use the Windows Snipping Tool to capture the area of the document you want to save. If you want multiple pages printed please see staff to print the pages you want. <a href="https://howelllibrary.org/technology/#print" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the library's printing information.</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CHEM-TREND, 1960 - 1985, Howell, Michigan Description An account of the resource This book is the story of Chem-Trend, Inc., and its founder Peer Lorentzen, 1960 - 1985. Persons/Places listed: Bob Kauserud, Paul Soderberg, Bruce Products, Clover Chemicals, Cliff Heller, Whitney Kimble, Stubnitz Greene, Violet Stock, Ken Nash, Walt Zacharski, Harry Lawson, Don Durben, Mike Neu, Tom Smith, Pat Miller, Bob Martyn, Ulrich Westh, Hugo Schuhle & Company, Hanano Commercial Company, Ltd., Bill Bushell, Theirry de la Cotardiere, Erik Kanter, Guy Busch Administration: Roy Brumbill, Karen Osborne, Dick Damon, Noel Hansen, Bob Line, Mike Boss, Sally Carter, Leah Mowery, Kathy Whalen, LuAnn Carter, Dawn Ryder, Peer Lorentzen, Dave McWilliams, Tim Bennett, Terry Brown, Bob Ramsey, Carolyn Benivegna, Retalou McLeod, Ann Farmer, Pat Cassady, Marlene Davidson, Steve Flower, Bruce Burba, Lyle Keown, Debbie Golden Die Cast Division: Bob Kauserud, Dan Hays, Don Durben, Ken Nash, Paul Hibner, Kris Kauserud, Mark Brown, Margaret Bigham, Mike Quinn, Jim Costello, Harry Lawson, Larry Richardson, RIch Kalosky, Dwight Buyce, Dave Barczak, Judy Grasson Plastics & Rubber Division: Bob Kauserud, Guy Busch, Marlene Root, Joe Cahan, Him Listerman, Kathy Soubliere, Paul Gavin, Bill Purosky, Martin Dunne, Denny Pearsall, Jim Spencer, Bob Hale, Pete Olson, Devin McCarthy Metalworking Fluids Division: Bob Kauserud, Peter Hayes, Dan Karagozian, Gary Rodak, Julie Grotenhuis, Bill Harrigan, Estelle Smullen, Mike Brown, Jim Morin, Gary Davey, Jim Brown Laboratory: Bob Kowalski, Wendell Ferry, Alan Pfau, don Buell, Rodney Lawrence, Dave Bell, Ken Rennells, Joe Lualhati,Julie Grotenhuis, Brian Maher, Marlene Webb, Dave Pallister, Dana Richter, Sophia Eppensteiner, Sue Griffin, Mike Luckett, Clarke Borgeson, Elaine Braun, Dave Cox, Mike Danik, Debbie Cook, Lauri Curtis, Mike Eldridge, Dagny Kauserud, Milt Johnson, Andy Krey, Bob Powers, Tom Wiese, Nick Mathews, Maureen Bergin, David Roth April Joy Ping, Mark Mayo Orders Department & Materials Handling: Steve Hough, Bob Bennett, Francis Gardner, Lois Macklin, Donna Cory, Mike Chaperon, Gary Smith, Bob Martyn, Pat Miller, Claudia Switzer, Paul Singer, Shelly Irish, Tim Lopez Building Services: Tracy Clark, Bill Polley, Jim Costello, Mike Neu, Ed McCarthy, Jim Moran, Debbie Keehn, Mary Maga, Betty Kottong, Dave Reneaud, John Bessert, Jack Smith Jr., Mike Cieslak, Sheryl Smith, Eleanor Chaperon, Vince Benivegna, Brian Whalen, Tim Barber, Scott Bennett, Lisa Cory, David Hayes, Tom Murray, Dean Moen, Mike Ward Production: Tom Black, Joe St. Martin, Leo Lizotte, Carl Lako, Daryl Wise, Rich Machniak, Pat Miller Jr., Dick Bauer, David Witt, Jack Smith, Tim Smith, Ed Wright, Dave Shipley, Bill Hathaway, Joe Bennett Jr., Brian Bauer, Brian Lizotte Subject The topic of the resource Chemical industry Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright Undetermined Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1960/1985 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Type The nature or genre of the resource Text chemical manufacturing howell industry https://archives.howelllibrary.org/files/original/e78d9f2b896d495bc8b6018291ac6737.pdf 6a55faa2e7ac403a1cf70382812f1836 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books - Local History Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Hidden Search Text Enter Search Text that is always hidden except to edit. The 'Shacks' Interior of "Shacks" at old Michigan State Tuberculosis Sanator - ium. These two pictures are self explanatory, showing the shack -type buildings which housed the patients in the early days of the TB San . One of the pictures is dated 1911, the other 1912. 177 Construction of the old Main Administration Building of the MSS . This picture shows the contractor-builder, Fred Euler of Howell and infirmary wing ( of wood) was added on the east front the following year. The wing accomodated six patients in separate rooms and was used for extreme cases . The women's shack no. 2 was opened in the spring of 1908 and later that summer shack no. 3, called "Hearts Ease" (named by the men who occupied it and had all been patients of Henry J. Hartz of Detroit, one of the most enthusiastic sponsors of the institution .) Many of the patients came from Detroit, a few from Grand Rapids, some from Northern Michigan. Very few were admitted at that time from Howell. Patients were met at the • railroads by the Sanatorium conveyance which was an open three-seated wagon drawn by two black horses. In addition to this vehicle, there was a one horse carriage drawn by "Nellie," an old white horse, a cutter and a big bob sled. In the summer of 1908, George W. Teeple of Pinckney, the treasurer of the Board, came often to visit and hired a man with an automobile to drive him there . The automobile had great difficulty in making the grade from the east entrance to the top of the hill. Patients rarely left the sanatorium except on special permission . Many families visited their relatives there . Amusement and occupation were limited. The first library was composed of the books owned and loaned by the secretary. Later gifts of magazines and books were made by Howell people and the real start of the library was a box of fifty current books of fiction sent to the Sanatorium by Mrs. Alexander McPherson of Detroit. The expenditure of any State money was not allowed for non essentials . In the summer of 1908 a phonograph and some records were purchased for the main reception room for the entertainment of patients at given periods of the week. The sum of $60.00w as questioned by the auditor's department and the purchase of further things of that kind was forbidden. There was no 178 his crew during the construction of the building . The date on the back of this picture is 1908. provision for handiwork of any kind. Patients did bring needlework of their own and the men played cards in their shacks. Occupational therapy was not practiced. Patients were limited to rest , more rest , fresh air, at all times. Daily readings were made of temperature and pulse ; once a month physical examinations were made of lungs. No drugs were given; of course no surgery was done. The best hope held for a patient was an "arrested case. " During three years covered in this recollection, some three hundred and fifty patients were admitted for treatment. In 1910 the capacity of the sanatorium was 86 patients. The physicians who served during this period: Dr. Robert L. Kennedy 1907-1909-resigned on account of ill health ; Mr. Howard Kinyon of Ann Arbor, assistant supt. Dec. 1907-Feb. 1908; Dr . Claude L. Sigler of Pinckney, acting supt. Jan . 1908- July , 1908; Dr. B.H. Glenn, assistant supt. August 1908-Dec. 1908; Dr. Chas. Matterson, acting supt. (not licensed in Michigan) Oct. 1908-March 1909; Dr. Earl McCoy of Grand Rapids , acting supt. April 1908-August 1908; Dr. Eugene B. Pierce from Aug. 7th, 1908f or many years, at least until 1920. The office work during the first three years was carried on by one secretary, Miss Nellie Lansing . Correspondence, bookkeeping, patients records were kept in the office. The secretary also acted as receptionist. Members of the Board of Trustees at the beginning of this period (1908) were : Frank B. Leland of Detroit, President ; Frank R. Gray of Clare, Secretary; George W. Teeple of Pinckney , Treasurer ; Henry J . Hartz of Detroit ; Collins H. Johnston of Grand Rapids; Royal S. Copeland of Ann Arbor . Examining Physicians listed in the 1908 annual report were, among the total 61-Dr . W.J . Huntington of Howell; Dr. G.P. Winchell of Ionia ; Drs . H.F . & C.L. Sigler of Pinckney. East side view of Main Building of Sanitorium just after completion. View of Entrance Hall of Sanitorium after the opening, complete with Victrola in background . 179 t ruction of the maino f btuhiled inf.ig rs t of,. n th eth eS acnoiutanrtiyu..m . The car in the forCegornosu nd must be one - 180 High School Seniors 1976 National Honor Society 1976 By Sue Gervais The National Honor Society got off to a slow start this year. Finding a time to meet without missing classes was a difficult task . Once things got rolling a couple of astonishing things came about. First of all the check for the Empty Stocking Fund that last year 's N.H.S. got together finally found its way to the Empt y Stocking. This year instead of raising money to donate to some needy group in the community it was decided that time would be donated instead . A group of students got together to help the senior citizens. Because money in the school was short and no spring musical was planned , it was voted that money raised be used to put on a musical. National Honor Society sponsored a talent show that ran for two nights and a St. Patrick 's Day Dance . In May the Society will be helping with the Cancer Drive . There was also a scholarship that two members were nominated to submit applications for. Peggy Turner and Kay Mossburg were the nominees. National Honor Society Officers : President , Sharon Cooper; Vice President , Bob Wilson; Secretary , Kay Mossburg ; Treasurer, Sue Lash; Sponsor, Lois Thayer . Homecoming By Terri St. Onge On October seventeenth , senior Mary Gordon was crowned "Homecoming Queen" for the 1975-76 year . Mary, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Lee Gordon, was a Howell cheerleader for three years, an honor student and active in student government during her junior year . On that cold, windy autumn night Mary and her court, rode through the town down to Page Field , where the evenings activities were to take place . These activities consisted of the final judging for the class float competition , in which the senior class walked off with top honors. With a Bicentennial theme to work with, their float was a ship, modeled after the one used in the famous " Boston Tea Party. " Its motto was "Forget The Tea ; Dump The Chiefs" referring of course to the Okemos Chiefs, one of Howell's greatest sports rivals . Then was the football game, and the crowning of the queen's court at half-time . The senior class was also victorious in the overall competition of Pep Week, (the week and events preceding homecoming ), coming in first place. Pep Week had a dress up day, again with a Bicentennial theme, a huge bonfire at the high school, Powder Puff football, Tug-0-War, and a pep assembly with a yelling contest and a pie eating contest. Then on to the game that night. Although Howell lost, it still was a hard fought game . The 1974-75H omecoming Queen, Jane Woodworth crowned the new queen, Mary Gordon. Escorting the queen was varsity football player Tom Guilmette. Crowned. maid of honor was Kelly Andrews, an active member of the senior class . Her escort for the evening was George Perez, also a varsity football player . The senior representative was Kathy Stackpoole, who was active in yearbook and journalism . She was escorted by senior, Brian Mitchell. Colleen Vernier , escorted by Jim Dennis was the junior representative. Debbie Howard, escorted by Lance Sprague represented the sophomore class . The freshman representative was Chris LeMac. She was escorted by Keith Judd . After the game , the court and most of the student crowd went to the homecoming dance at the high school. It was in all, a very memorable and beautiful night. Sports By Amy Lamoreaux The football team got off to a slow start this season . It was a learning experience with both a new staff and program , but the team ended the season winning their last two games . They defeated Battle Creek-Pennfield who was a state rated team. Under the direction of head coach , John Dukes, the Highlanders finished their season with a 3-6 record . Tom Maniekis and Bill Simmons were assistant coaches . Seniors on the team were : Mark Brown, Tim Clark, Brian Devost , Tom Guilmette, Richard Harmon , Tim Jeffery , Kris Kauserud, George Perez , Karl Pohl, Mike Rutkowski, Dana Schlittler , Larry Schlusler, Jerry Stutzman , Dave Ulrich, Bob Wilson. The Highlanders Wrestling team had their best season since 1967. They placed second in the county meet and second in the Paul Bennett Invitational. They ended the season with 35 wrestlers and a 8-6 record . Senior Pete Magyar i won most valuable player winning 42 matches and going on to the State Regionals. Rob Freeby was awarded most improved player , wrestling varsity for his first year and winning 21 matches. Other outstanding senior wrestlers were Mark Brown (sportsmanship) , Tom Lashbrook, Mike Itsell , Dave Furlong , and Jay Robare. Another senior Dick Harmon had 48 wins but did not finish the season . Coach Bob Thobaben, assistant coach, Dan Minock. The Howell baseball team raised over $2,000 for this season. They bought a pitching machine and spent their spring break in Florida, training for the upcoming season . Coach Ted Klontz says this team has the potential to be the best in several years . Howell has always had a good, strong baseball team. Seniors on the team are: Tom Guilmette , Tim Jeffery, Bill Maier, Karl Pohl, Bob Quigley, Todd Vince. The 1975-76b asketball team had a very successful year . Under the direction of coach Jerry Johnson, the team had their highest finish in many years . The basketball team spurred much enthusiasm in Howell and gave us something to be proud of by placing second in the league standings. Seniors on the team were: Tom Guilmette, Greg Heckler, Karl Pohl, Cary Tengler , Todd Vince, Bob Wilson. The Girls Tennis Team placed fourth in the Capital Circuit League. The team consisted mainly of sophomores with only one year of tennis behind them . The only senior on the team was Pam Loew whose coach Susan Heathfield says was her most consistent player . Even though the team was young, they improved tremendously throughout the year . 181 The Howell Highlander Tennis Team is expecting their best season ever with five seniors returning this year . Coach Bruce Grotenhuis expects his strongest doubles to come from Tom Kellogg and Tim Clark. He is also expecting a good showing in the lower spots from Steve Blank and Dan Niemi. The tennis team will play 16 dual matches this year and expects to place at least fourth in the Capital Circuit League. Seniors on the team, this year include: Steve Blank , Tim Clark, Lawrence Daniels, Bryan Devost, Tom Kellogg, Dan Niemi, Tom Poskiewicz, Leslie Rodwell, Eigil Vesti. The Golf Team had their best record in four years (6-12). With much improvement over the years, the team upset first place Mason for the second year in a row. Ken Teeters a junior, won the Capital Circuit Individual Crown and C~ry Tengler, a senior, won an honorable mention for All-League. Seniors on the team included: Jerry Drumhiller Bill Maier Cary Tengler, Todd Vince. ' ' ~h: Highlande~ Girls' Basketball Team had a disappomtmg season with a 1-12r ecord . The girls were coached by Mrs. Jan Knight, a teacher at Highlander Way Middle School. The team was comprised of all juniors and the girls placed sixth in the Capital Circuit League. Girls' Track is coached by Nancy Newman and Steve Zemper . The only senior on the team is Lori Stanley who is running for her first year . The rest of the team is comprised of freshmen, sophomores, and juniors . This year, the coaches feel strongly that the girl trackers will rate high in the Capital Circuit. Ths Howell Girl's Volleyball team had a very successful year with an impressive record of 20-2. Coached by Fran Emch , the girls went on to be the Capital Circuit champs Howell Invitational champs , and "Class A" Regional champions. The girls state game was a disappointment, but making it to the state finals was a victory in itself . The team is young with 11 juniors , two sophomores and one freshman and should even be a better year next year . Boys track is coached by Frank Hartman, a teacher at Highlander Way Middle School. All the seniors on the team have placed in previous league meets . Chris Cotter was the league long jump champ and county champ for the last two years . Russell Edmonds was the league champ for the one mile relay. D. J . Couture has been the league and county champ for the 1 mile run in the last two years . Hartman expects a good showing from Kris Kauserud in the low hurdles and in the one or 2 mile relay. Dan Kline won the 2 mile league meet last year and will probably place in the 1 or 2 mile again this year . Another returning senior who placed last year is Jim Marcinkowski. Mike Rutkowski who took third in the 100 yard league meet will probably place again this year . The team has improved a lot over last year and Frank Hartman predicts them to score in the top three of the Capital Circuit. Special Events By Linda Zayan The first big event was the winter formal , put on by the seniors . To raise money for this affair the senior class had a car wash. It was very successful and we raised about $100 towards our class funds and the winter formal. The formal then was held at the Sheraton Inn in Southfield and turned out very nice. Also throughout the year a senior class movie was in the process of being filmed. This was to be a movie of different events and happenings during the course of the year . With the closing of the school year and being the grad - uating clas s of 1976, the seniors voted for their graduating 182 colors-red, white, and blue. Announcements were of Bicentennial style , with the "Spirit of '76" emblem on the cover . The girls wore white and boys were in blue and everybody had red, white and blue tassles . Commencement exercises were held at Page Field on June 10th at 7:00 p.m ., providing weather held up. Seniors and the Music Deparbnent By Chere Caverly The seniors in band and choir of Howell High School were proud that these organizations could continue in the 1975-76 school year without the millage passage . Much effort was put forth by the students and parents to raise money for the continuance of these cultural activities. This made for a very successful senior year . The band was shaken up by the resignation of director, Mr. Nathan Colonna, but we were soon joined by the great talents of Mr. Douglas Roose. The half time entertainment of the football season was performed by the marching band . This band consisted of a drum major , four majorettes, 20 porn pon girls, and 96 bandsmen . Out of this number 32 were seniors and highlighted the season by producing their own show. There were three other band associated groups performing throughout the winter months . They were the Pep Band which played during the basketball games, the Jazz Band who performed in several events, and the Symphonic Band . This Symphonic Band performed several concerts throughout the year and attended District Band Festival achieving a II rating in AA competition . Under the direction of Mr. Rod Bushey the Accapella Choir and Highlander Chorale had a successful year. Both groups attended District Choir Festival. The Accapella achieving a I rating and the Chorale a IL Several Pop Concerts were sung in the fall and spring , also two concerts were performed in a church. There were 20 senior members in these two talented groups . The seniors in both band and choir inspired spark and enthusiasm to the underclassmen showing their four years experience in these organizations . Pride and achievement were not lacking in our minds and hearts through this great Bicentennial year of 1976. Shenanigans '76' The National Honor Society presents : " Shenanigan's 76" Master of Ceremonies Dan Clise 1. Shenanigans Theme Song . . ... . .. . Entire Cast 2. Lover's Lullaby ......... Sharon Cooper 3. Ragtime Suite ........................... . .... Saxaphone Quartet 4. Love Will Keep Us Together . . ........... Karen Grezelewski 5. Needle and the Damage Done, Father and Son . ...... Steve Peters 6. Dancing Sergeant . . . . . Piano Duet Diane Allen & Leslie Willett 7. Change to the Times . . . . . . .. Jazz Dance 8. TSOP Mary Sue Gail .......... Jazz Band I Won ' t Last a Day Without You Get It On INTERMISSION 9. Fire Lori Kennedy 10. Just as the Tide was Flowing . . . My Heart Doth Beg 11. Long Time Gone . . This Little Light of Mine ... Jazz Dance . Double Octet ... Jeff Hicks 12. City of New Orleans . . .. . .. Hicks, Bob Thobaben, Dan Clise Don't Bury Me 13. Don ' t Let the Sun Go Down on Me . .. ... . 14. Locomotive Breath 15. Leader of the Pack . . . ....... . . . . . Senior Porn -Pon Members 16. Smoke on the Water . 25 or 6 to 4 17. W ishing You were Here 18. Shenanigans Theme Song . Accompaniment by Highway Star Accompaniment by Leslie Willett Saxaphone Quartet Dan Elder Brian Smith Lori Kennedy Amy Landon Diane Allen Bill Bergren Bret Coy Jim Dennis Dancers H .H .S. Jazz Band Typical high school classes in the early fifties . ..... Sharon Cooper . Highway Star .. Jazz Dance . Highway Star ..... Jim Miller ... Entire Cast Julie Stinedurf Laurie Young Sue Lash Cindy Price Ernie Ostrowski Alison Platt Mike Shell Brian Smith Dan Elder Troy Gladfelter Steve Hutchins Jeff Kadlitz Keith Nelson Marilyn Arnold Carol Campbell Brey Coy Joy Cunningham Bill David Robin Dennis Tony Dzabuda Dave Fergus Alan Deeds Dan Elder Keith Nelson Rick Richardson Diane Allen Alan Deeds Kris Liliemark Brian Taylor Double Octet Highway Star Acknowledgements Mr . and Mrs . Cooper Julie Stinedurf Brian Tyler Leslie Willett Tom Willett Laurie Young Becky Allen Kris Liliemark Theresa M icks Jim Miller Steve Peters Jeff Sm ith Brian Tyler Sara Vanwinkle M i ke Shell Br ian Tyler Leslie W i llett Tom Willett Peg Turner Lesl ie Willett Laurie Young Mrs . Lois Thayer ALL PROCEEDS WILL GO TOWARDS THE PRODUCTION OF THE 1976 SPRING MUSICAL THANK YOU FOR YOUR SUPPORT! 183 owell Sports The 1955 Howell football team, the first Howell team ever to finish the season undefeated and untied . They had only 6 points scored against them in the entire season. Coaches were Harold Fulk and Jamieson . Athletic Director, Paul Bennett . · 1918-1919 Girls Basketball The girls basketball team of Howell High School 1918-1919 included Claribel Jubb, Bertrice Voght, Helen Gregory White , Scottia 186 ( Marian) McFadden Andrews , Doris Briggs Bennett, Alma Stuart and Margurite Dutton . Girls Basketball, 1912 Howell girls ' basketball team in 1912. The old skating rink was their "gym ." Howell Football Team of 1920. Girls' Basketball, 1917 Playing before the boys' game, the Howell High School girls basketball team of 1917 included Ruth Ruen, Grace Pierce, May Beattie, Lucille Rice, Lillian Buhl, Marion McFadan, Francis McPherson and Eva Bush . Back row, left to right : Clark Wimbles, Kenneth Granger, Bill Burdick, Mac Spencer, Foster White and Bruce Newcomb . Front row : Clare Skinner , Leon Pratt , Charles Culver and Nono Beebe . 188 In the early so's, we had a wonderful lady in town. Her name was Betty Cook. Before every home basketball game, she had the team over to her house for a nice snack . Livingston County baseball team of the 1880s. 189 Michigan State Sanitorium softball team of the 1930's. Softball at It's Best Howell had a very good softball league with a large following during the 1930's consisting of two leagues four teams each . ·Michigan State Sanatorium team won Class B title and trophy in 1935. Later, with the addition of Coach Paul Bennett, the team entered Ingham Tri-County League as the Sportsman Club . They lost the final game in play off for championship in 1937. Russell Gehringer 190 Herbert Vey, the first European exchange student in Livingston County lived for the year with the Zemper family in 'Sl -' 52. He had never seen a football game, but had played a lot of soccer at home and his toe was responsible for the Howell win over Durand . Howell's first State Championship team. The 1959 Cross Country Team . L. to R .-Matt Brady , Ralph Musson , Eric Zemper, Paul 192 Brotz , Lynn McKee , Jack Hardy , Gehringer , and Coach Robt. Bloomer . The second Howell State Championship team, cross-country 1960, L to R-bottom-Craig Woodstock, Tim Bloomer, Steve Zemper, Paul Parker, back row-Jim Whelan, Rich Harris, Rich Gehringer, Ralph Musson, Rick Zemper, John Hoover, Al Buckner, Jim Woodruff, Bus driver , D . Penzien, and Coach Robert Bloomer . Detroit Creamery Basketball Team, 1924-25 The Detroit Creamery Basketball Team was a team Howell should be proud of. This team won at least 15 games and entered the tour- ""ment at Brooklyn, Mich . Walter Graff, star forward and coach who is a member of the team, is not in the picture as he was out of town with the high school team when this picture was taken. The members of the team were, top row L to R. Rodney Hubbell, Harry Cotter, Sopp, Loren Bassett, manager, Harold Maycock and Wayne Brayton. Seated, Bob Musson, Mike Weimiester, Ford Beckwith, Harold Strobel and John MacPherson. Harold J. Maycock 193 I IJt Ii! 1 ....• -- Cohoctah Center Store Cohoctah Center Store around 1900. This building is now used as Cohoctah Twp . Hall. Left to right in picture. Elmer Trowbridge, Mrs . Clark Miner, Clark Miner (proprietor) and Stanley Children . Eric Hibbard 1915 The following was composed and read by 0. J. Lore of Deerfield to the members of the Cohoctah Gun Club at an entertainment in the Bank Hall at Cohoctah in 1915. I began with Mrs . Olsen, a lady of renown, And as fine an old lady as there is in town; Mr. Westphal next, the lightening-rod man; Who deals in fine horses, and autos when he can; Mr. Peckens comes next, with hammer in hand; He will work for awhile, and then he will stand . He makes you believe, (and he talks with a grin), That a _quart of water will turn into gin. Mrs. Johnson, the next who I ives on the street , Is as fine a lady as you wish to meet; Mrs. Peckins next, whom no one should snub , As one of her boys belongs to the Club. And Snyder I believe a carpenter by trade, Has made a good name by the buildings he's made, And now we come to the phone Exchange, With all in order and nothing to arrange ; The manager is often cussed and given a bad name; They talk till they ring off-he smiles just the same. Mrs . Martin and son, they live next door; I boarded there once. How Bill did snore! 194 He and I went out one night for a stroll; They accused us of stealing , but we never stole. Mr . Kethcum comes next with a mansion fine; He attends to his business a good share of the time; In his business house across the way You will find him there most every day. Now comes the Bank in a building grand, And one of the best there is in the land ; If you drop in there for a little loan You are met with a smile and not a groan. Mr . Miller comes next with his wares for sale; He sells pop, ice cream and ginger ale ; He also handles the U.S . mail. Thomas Kelly, the next, you're all aware, Married a lady by the name of Thayer . I knew Thomas a long time ago, When he and I had a hard roe to hoe. Mr . Locke , the last merchant that came to town , Keeps everything in tools from a threshing machine down . His stock of hardware is always complete, His wife and he are nice people to meet. (The editor here wants to add a line : That it's Cox 'o Cohoctah who is boss at this time. He purchased the interest of the well-liked Locke And is handling a bigger and better stock.) We now arrive at the railroad station; A busy place in a good location. The freight that is handled in this little town, Is not to be equalled in the towns around. We now go over the track a ways, And find the place where Cora Ball stays. This street you all know has got two sides, And across the way Mr. Hadsall resides. Mr. Hadsall, they tell me and 'tis very well known, Sends away for the goods which he could buy at home. We now drift back to the Cohoctah Hotel, Which is known far and wide and liked very well. The meals served there are fit for a queen, And the beds they sleep in are spotlessly clean. Across the track is the general store, Of the H.G. Ketchum I spoke of before. Now we come to the store of Ed Pratt and Son, Where the people flock in about sixteen to one. The way they meet you is not in disguise, And he gets the worth of his money who buys. Wrigglesworth John, the next down the line, Sells salt, coal and tile, cement and white pine. Sell him your beans, your coal, wool and hay, For he is the man in Cohoctah to stay. Wrigglesworth, Nancy, the next on the street, As fine an old lady as one wishes to meet; Speak of her kindly, speak of her the same, For she raised a large family, with a very long name. "Push" Wrigglesworth's next to come within range; He was mentioned before at the 'phone Exchange. An interior view of the N.E. Miner and Sons store in Cohoctah. The owner Norris E . Miner is shown on the 'right with George Killin who worked for many years as a clerk . This was a general store as indicated by the merchandise displayed. It also housed the Cohoctah Post Office for many years. A son, Rolland C. Miner was affiliated with the store and also served as postmaster in Cohoctah from 1919 until he retired in 1950. When the store was sold in 1944 the post office was moved across the street to what was known as the bank building. Dave Ackerman's place comes next in the row; He works in Flint where he rakes in the dough. Dave visits home every once in a while, And always wearing a good natural smile. "Little" Joe Brower is the barber in town, Who will shave you upward and then come down; He goes to work with scissors and blade, Steps back and views the balk he's made . Joe's a good fellow and can take a joke, And will pass a dime to a man that's broke. Mr. Sanford is rich in houses and lands, And heartily greets you with outstretched hands. He's a pretty good man to have in town, For he makes the wheels go round and round. (There's a little addition, just out of town, Sprang up in the night when no one was round .) Jake Hunt is the first who comes to my mind, He runs a feed stable and livery combined. Just hand him the price and sit down awhile, And he'll come and get you in rather fine style . Roy Ketchum and family live over there- As happy a family as you'll find anywhere; He's a help to his grandmother who lives next door, And also helps in his fathers big store. There is Eugene Fay, who works for his bread, Not by the sweat of his brows, but by what's in his head . There's the doctor, too, unaquainted with me, If you're sick he'll visit you readily . He will feel your pulse and take your tempt., too, And probably give you a pill or two. · There are a few young people that live in town, And as nice young people as you'll find around; Speak of them kindly, they would wish you to, And I'll end my story and bid you Adieu . The store has been in continuous operation to the present time and is now owned and operated by Mr . John Vincent . The post office is still serving in Cohoctah although it has been relocated several times. For one period of time it was moved back to the store building when Don Royston was postmaster and also owner and operator of the store. Mr. Petersmark is the present postmaster and serves 70 to 80 regular customers . 195 Sprague School-1912 Back row left to right-Wayne Ryal, Lloyd Allbright, Burl Betterly, Loris Smith, Eber Palmer, Ira Donegan, Clair Listerman, Vincent Finley, Seldem Kelley, Vera Brown (teacher), Helen Madden, llah Bohm, Eva Allbright. Front row-Floyd Phillips, Harold Allbright, Glenn Betterly, John Wendell, Shirley Kelley, Basil Hibbard, Myra Kelley, Lester Antcliff, Stanley Kelley, Olga Hibbard, Lelia Antcliff, Olive Ryal, Beatrice Phillips, (Willie Palmer seated in front>. Eric Hibbard CohoctahB and 196 The CohoctahC alf Club For over fifty years the Cohoctah Calf Club has extended its influence in Cohoctah Township and Livingston County . Organized in 1924 under the leadership of then county agent, Clarence Bolander, the club had a charter membership of four . The four original members were two brothers, Kenneth and Kern Steinacker along with their cousins Wilbur and DeWitt Steinacker . County agent Bolandeis leadership gave r ise to several outstanding 4-H dairy club members who became community leaders and active in extension organizat ions . Wilbur Steinacker was a member of the State 4-H Dairy Judging Team in 1929 and DeWitt Steinacker was a member in 1934. Kenneth Steinacker was a member from 1924-1935 and the leader from 1936-1940. In later years as Mr. Steinacker's own son, Eugene and three daughters , Ethel, Diane and Daune became eligible , they joined the club and he again took on the duty of leader . In the beg i nning years of the club it is interesting to note the membership was predominately male but the years 1926 and 1927 do have the name of Claudine Burkhart appear ing on the role . There were no girls in the membership again until 1937 when Donna Steinacker became a member and remained through 1940. A list of the early leaders is as follows : Clarence Bolander 1925; Paul Steinacker 1926; Howard Steinacker 1927-1929; Wilbur Steinacker 1930-1934; Ralph Holmes 1935; Kenneth Steinacker 1936-1940; Bell Raising Bell ra,s,ng at the Cohoctah United Brethren in Christ Church, located at the corner of Gannon and Antcliff Roads in Cohoctah Township . The Cohoctah Church is the oldest class of the Michigan Conference which was organized in 1853. Along with the Conway Church it was known as the Conway Circuit, the two churches sharing the same pastor for over one hundred years. The church building was framed by Grove G. Cook, grandfather of Clifton and Raymond Cook, in 1974. It was not finished until a year later . The pastor at the time of this picture 1905 was Rev . C. B. Whittacri. It was pastored in 1899-1901 by J.P. Smith, grandfather of Kenneth Steinacker. It has had two Lady pastors, the Rev . Ruth Foltz in 1932 and Rev . Mae Custer in 1945. The present pastor 1976 is James Hartenburg . Lucy Cook Glendon Hoisington 1941-1945, except 1942 when there were only three members-Clarence Dyer , George Lewis and Jack Russell. They became a part of the Conway Jr's . for that year . Kendall Hoisington was the leader in 1946 and 1947. There have been various other leaders down through the years and the club is still serving the young people of the area . Interestingly this year will be the beginning of a third generation in the membership. Trach Finley, granddaughter of Kenneth Steinacker is presently making plans to join the club. 197 ( --- Class No. 10, Methodist Church, August, 1929. ... \ M.E.C hurchC, ohoctah The organization of the Oak Grove Circuit was authorized by the Michigan Conference, at its session in Flint on September 7-10, 1855, of which Green District in Burns Township in Shiawassee County, Deerfield Center, Deer Creek or Howeburg, and the Pink District in Livingston County were a part. The first religious meeting was in the township of Deerfield, in the faff of 1836, at the home of Ruben Pease . At an early date not available a class was organized in the Pink District with Everett House as leader . This class was supplied from the Oak Grove Circuit from 1855 to 1862. In the conference year of 1868 and 1869, the Graham Schoolhouse, located one-half mile east of Cohoctah village was made a preaching point on the Oak Grove charge for one year only . On December 19, 1894 the Cohoctah Ladies Aid Society was reorganized at the home of Mrs. John Martin. Present were Mrs. Everett Haduff, Mrs. Thomas Kelly, Mrs . James Wolfe, Mrs . David Ackerman and Mrs. William Graham . The collection totaled ninety cents. Soon after, a Sunday Schoof was organized by Mrs . Joseph Browning , Mrs. Everett Hadsall, Mrs. John Martin and Mrs. William Haskell . ft was held in the Graham Schoolhouse sometimes with a very small attendance , but with the faith and courage of the afore mentioned ladies it, with the Ladies Aid, was the nucleus for the class that was formed in 1911 by Rev . John Lewis . However , between 1894 and 1911, there were preaching services in the Graham Schoolhouse , held by Evangelical ministers from Durand. In 1900, Methodist ministers from Byron began coming to preach. Preaching services were held every two weeks but now in the half above the Cohoctah Bank building. The Conference now put Cohoctah on the Oak Grove charge with Rev. E .H . Wilcox as Pastor. Rev . Wilcox launched the project of building a church and it was received with enthusiasm . A meeting was called and attended by fully ninety percent of the male population. Eugene Fay, cashier of the focal bank was chosen temporary chairman . Committees were appointed and the proposition gained considerable momentum . On the building committee were : H .G. Ketchum, Edwin Pratt , R.S . Houghton, G.B . Hosley , Hiram Gilland , Phanette Richards, A.J . Peckens and John Wriggles - worth. Shortly after this, work was started on the site given by Mr. and Mrs. John Wriggfesworth . On the 17th of June, 1915, the corner stone of the new Bethel Methodist Evangelical Church of Cohoctah was laid . Present were a large number of people from all parts of the township and neighboring villages to celebrate the occasion . On September 12, 1915 the Ladies Aid Society on the night before the dedication served supper in the basement of the church of which over two hundred people partook . About three hundred dollars was added to the subscription fist that day making the total of thirty-three hundred dollars toward the four thousand necessary to complete the building . The membership of the Bethel Church at this time numbered less than thirty members. There were over forty members enrolled in the Junior Epworth League. 198 Much credit was due the Ladies Aid Society for their untiring efforts in raising funds for the construction of this church building. For a number of years they had been adding little by little to the store in their treasury in the hope that someday they might see a church in Cohoctah . Their labors had not been in vain. Their donation at the time was one thousand dollars. On Sunday morning August 31, 1952, the Bethel Methodist Church burned just as the worship service was starting . The entire community was shocked and saddened at the great loss but very soon plans were under way to rebuild. ft was decided to use the same location. At this time Arlie Brown was chairman of the Board of Trustees. It was through his untiring efforts largely that this building was constructed. He organized the volunteer workers of which he did a great deaf himself along with many others. He was also in charge of solicitation of funds. Everyone contributed very generously to the building fund and many hours of labor were donated and on November 8, 1953 the new much smaller church was dedicated free of debt. Present were Bishop Marshall Reed , Rev. Dr . Moulton, District Superintendent of the Flint District, Rev. Homer Van Buren and Rev . Clyde Moore . Two charter members of the first church were present. They were Mrs . Lucy Ackerman and Mrs. Elizabeth Wriggfesworth . .. Excerpted from the history of the Cohoctah Methodist Church by : History chairman-Mary Thomas ; Mrs. Grace Britt; Mrs . Grace Lannen ; and Lottie Martin. Marr School Marr School about 1913-1914, Mary L. Howe, teacher. Left to right, back row-Homer White, Mona Dean , Calvin Woodward, Elmer Woodward, George Woodward, Agnes Rozek, Stanley Schmidt, and Gerald Dean. Front row: Wilton Bohm , Mary Woodward, Lange Schmidt, Cecil Stewart, Hazae Hildebrant, Eli Woodward, Bob Hildebrant, Joy Schmidt, Paul Rozek . Dibble School The student body of Dibble school of Oceola Township was ' captured' for posterity back in 1895. At that time Miss May Richards (who later changed her name to Mrs . Batcheler) , was teacher . Many of the long ago students are still living , with numerous grandchildren scattered throughout the county . Pictured are: front row at left on floor, Clifford Parker , Steve Devereaux , Grace Eager Sprague . Second row, Lena Devereaux Bergin, Claude Eager, Tom Eager , Maber Eager Klumpp, teacher May Richards Batcheler , Ethel Parker Waldron , Max Woodward , Eva Devereaux , Spencer Curdy . Third row : Ollie Walker Hardy , Hattie Briggs , Goldie Walter Fausett, Alta Curdy , Blanche Woodward Woodruff , Roy Brown, Claude V . Curdy , Maud Woodard Barron Major . Forth row : Emily Eager Crosby, Mayme Eager Walker , Stanley Woodard , Mark Curdy , Mabel Woodard Gartrell , Martin McQuire , Mary Riddle , Roy Curdy, Herbert Filkins . Back row center : Jack Eager . The cornerstone for Michigan Bell's building at 310 East Grand River was set in place on July 31, 1928. Standing is Paul H . Ubur, secretary of the Howell Board of Commerce, and seated from left to right are : F .A . Eastwood, Michigan Bell's district manager ; Mrs. .- . .. Amy Wehnas, pianist; Mrs . E .A. Collacott , Mrs . Clark Minor and waiter Tobias, members of a musical quartet, apd Mayor John Wrigglesworth . The 'Speaking Telephone' Comes to Howell By Beulah Reader The " speaking telephone " was first used in Howell in 1882 when Charles Brown had a pri vate telephone line strung from his jewelry store in town connecting to the recently - constructed Detroit to Lansing line. Since there were no other phones in the city then, Brown could only make long distance calls . Early the following year , private telephones also were installed in William J . McPherson 's store and residence and in the homes of E .G. and M.J . McPherson . The telephone office was moved from Brown's jewelry store in 1887 into new quarters in Charles Paddock's photograph gallery . However, no new phones were installed in the city until shortly before the turn of the century. In the late 1890's, the Livingston Home Telephone Company brought a crude switchboard to Howell and established a telephone exchange-making service available to the public for the first time . However , the company offered ser vice only to city residents . People living in surrounding rural areas organized their own company- the Livingston County Mutual Telephone Company-in 1903a nd built telephone lines connecting to the switchboard in town. Telephone service in those early years was crude compared to modern standards . Telephone wires were strung haphazardly from tall trees and housetops and customers had to shout to be heard over noise on the line. Late in 1905, the Livingston County Mutual Company consolidated with the Michigan State Telephone Company, which later became Michigan Bell. About five years later , the Livingston Home Telephone Company was purchased by the Inter -State Long Distance Telephone Company. In March of 1913, the companies-serving about 700 telephones-merged and after that the Michigan State 201 J In the early and mid-1920's, the Howell telephone office was located in the McPherson Bank Building . Company was the only telephone company operating in the county. It became Michigan Bell on Jan . 1, 1924. Three years later, Michigan Bell announced plans to build the first building in the city designed specifically for the telephone business . At that time, the telephone office was located in the McPherson Bank Building. The cornerstone for the new building on East Grand River was set in place in July , 1928 by Mayor John Wrigglesworth . The following year , the building was placed in operation and the old fashioned hand-crank type phones were removed from service here. By 1939, there were 1,500 tele"phones in the Howell exchange , but by the end of World War II, the number had increased to 2,600 phones. Extended area ser vice between Howell, Brighton and Pinckne y was inaugurated in 1949 ending toll charges for calls between the three communities . In 1964, Michigan Bell erected a building at 421 E . Grand River and installed new equipment enabling Howell customers to dial their own local and long distance calls for the first time. That same year , Touch-Tone service became available here and Municipal Judge W.H. Erwin had the first Touch-Tone phone in the city installed in his office. Today there are about 14,700 telephones in Howell. At the time of the cut-over from switchboard to dial , I was employed on the switchboard , and wrote a poem for the occasion, as follows: The Cut-Over Blues 'Twas the nite of the Cutover When all thru the room A silence descended , it was akin to gloom 202 Mrs. Allen softly crying , with head on her desk Poor Della was sighing, she was doing her best To keep system and order going that nite But signals were flashing , it sure was a sight When out on the floor, there rose such a clatter This is how the Howell central office looked in the early 1940's. Howell operators Donna Crampton, Beulah Reader, Edna Campbell and Lila Robinson. I I Old Telephone Company Group This was on North Michigan Avenue about 1912 or 1913. This was at the completion of the cut-over from the old Bell and Home systems in Howell into what is now Michigan Bell. The only person I can name in the group is my father, Otto Frykman, who assisted in this project. He is 5th from the right, wearing dark coat, derby hat and his customary cigar in his mouth. Doris Frykman Mrs. Allen called out "Say , what's the matter? When what before her wondering eyes should appear Eighteen tiny elves , they looked so queer On each of their heads was a tiny head-set. A way to the boards They flew like a flash Took care of each signal, Then turned with a dash Now girls , stop your crying , things aren't so bad . Just think of all the good times you've had . Yes, said Minnie, the first of us here Why are we crying all these tears? You have done a grand job , you need a rest. Said one little elf-ahead of the rest Sure said Mrs . Allen-Now all composed Other jobs are waiting for all of those Who are read y and willing to go to the city Each one of you here will be sitting pretty . Now get down quickly-don't look back Pick up termination. Some have quite a stack . Away to their lockers , they flew like a flash Swung open the doors- Then out with a dash She heard them exclaim as they drew out of sight God bless Michigan Bell This wonderful nite . 18 2 19 13 2~ 18 131 95 l!I 14 6 4!1 54 5t i 150 Directory OF THI'. Livingston C.ounty Mutual TE;L,E;f>HONE; C0Mf>AN Y INCORf'ORATl'.D C::.apital Stock .$50,000 OFFICE.RS , H ORACt'. N onTO'.\", Presid e nt A. J . VASPA TTE S , Trusurer A. E K.r11,. Vi•·.--Prt>t1ol1i ·ut W. 0 . RI (' R\IO •:o:. 8t><•rt•t11.ry F. T. B YSE DIRl'.CTORS S. E SwARTH Ot.:-r A. E. Cou: H ing 5 ... 2 I 3 ;. 2 I l s .. l I 4 , . 3 '· . . . I I I ,. 1 I 2, I I 3 ' · 2r 2 r . 3 r II I , . 2 r . H. K REED R. R. ~MITH ll111"efe. JI H l >11n11, Pnt1ick . . . l>nnni ng. ~I E .. .. I >rury I l:ert. l>willan l , I{ II . . E:i~t'r. \\ ' B . t-::1g,·r. En 1t>~I Earl , ~I I: . E:.irl. t i tAt, . . . . Ea:--tn11:11, AH ... E11n·ri1·k, l{,,li1 . Engi nt> ll 1J11,p . Erwin, I )r \\ ' 11 . Erwi n . l lr \\ " 11 .. . Erwi11, IJr \Y II . . Ex pn ...!.' .I t '11 , •. \ 11wri1 ·:111 H0Wi:;bb . . .. . F:1rni l{(•. .i d wnc·t· .. Fa.m Kt-, id , 11e 1· F :1rm 1{1', id,•net' . Fanu l{.,~id rnr~ R E>!idii P11<·1..~ Jf;u·rn Ht·~id\•1,<1· H1·,i,l,·11c·\· . l. 1\-l ' I ~· . F :1rm H.t•, ich •n<·t' ... . Farru H.1•,i d 1~11t·< · F arrll l<1"••id1•11c1• H,•, idt>TH, t' _l •ttin • l{,,..,i,l,~11(·•· 203 0 The bakers inside Dickson ' s. Canadian Founds Bakery in Howell In 1903 George Dickson Sr . moved from Mt . Forest Canada to Howell. He had been in the Bakery business there for JO years , taking it over when his father Peter Dickson died . Peter as a young man, worked as a bonded apprentice in Edinburgh, Scotland . His father who was a miller, boarded and clothed him . When his 5 years were up, his boss gave him a bandana handkerchief and a pair of wooden shoes for being a good apprentice . After coming to Howell , George bought out Myers Brothers Bakery and rented the building for three years . In 1906 he bought the store in the middle of the block from A.J . Prindle on a contract for $3,500,!)0-. He put in a soda fountain, served light lunches along with the bakery products . Bread was 10 cents, cookies and fried cakes 10 cents per dozen . A good baker received $12.00 per week and a helper $6.00 per week. George Dickson passed away in 1915 and his son Alva went into partnership with his mother Rachel . In 1918 there was a bad fire and the shop was remodeled. Only bakery products were sold after that 204 and bread was shipped to all the surrounding towns, some 25 in number . They served the grocery stores and restaurants in Howell . Rachel Dickson passed away in 1920 and Alva Dickson became sole owner of the bakery where he had worked from the age of 13. In 1921 he married Lillian Buhl of Gregory and they had two children, Stanley and Floris . Both worked in the shop . In 1949 Stanley bought half interest in the business after having served three and a half years in the Army and completing school at Michigan State College . Floris married Robert Andrews and both worked in the bakery, where Floris did most of the decorating . Another fire in 1946 causing around $20,000 damage made it necessary to remodel the whole building . It was completed in 1951 but Stanley was called back into the service at this time . He married Kathryn Morgan of Howell before leaving and she followed him to Germany where he was stationed . Stanley sold the business in 1968, closing 65 years of a Dickson Bakery in Howell. I I I I / I Dozens of baked goods are available at Dickson's. The work area inside Dickson's Bakery . Dirty Side of War told in Letters Ho01e (Editor's note: This is the 10th in a 15-part series on Michigan's role in the Civil War. It was written especially for the Associated Press and The Ann Arbor News by Dr. Philip Mason, archivist of Wayne State University. In this installment, Dr. Mason views the conflict through the eyes of a Howell, Mich. captain who found the battle area unglamorous.) By Dr. Philip Mason Gus Smith was 32 when he enlisted as first lieutenant in the 22nd Michigan Infantry in July, 1862. The newly organized regiment was recruited from the counties of Oakland, Livingston, Macomb, St. Clair, Lapeer and Sanilac, which in 1862 consisted mostly of small farming communities. Moses Wisner, a former governor of the state, was appointed colonel of the regiment and directed the two weeks' training in Pontiac . On Sept. 4, after receiving a flag from the ladies of Pontiac in a colorful public ceremony, the regiment left for front line duty in Kentucky. The activities of the regiment are described in a series of 10 letters which Gus Smith wrote to his parents living on a farm near Howell between September, 1862, and May, 1863. Army censorship was not practiced in the Civil War and, hence, the letters show the grim, as well as the humorous, side of army life. They reveal a picture of soldiering that is not usually reflected in the romanticized, sentimental versions of the rebellion now popular on television and in magazines. Smith's first letter to his parents, sent from Covington, Ky., on Sept. 22, 1862, indicated that he was finding Army life a challenge . " Here we are in the darndest dirty hole in the whole world. It is very dry and dusty here. We have to lay on the ground in the open air . We are bothered almost to death for water to drink , say nothing of washing ourselves and clothes . Haven't changed my shirt since I left Pontiac and don't know when I can , as our baggage is 15 miles from here . We are the dirtyest set you ever saw . We have to drink water out of a common duck pond. It looks green when we dip it up. If we don't all get sick it will be a wonder. " A week later, he wrote elatedly , " I had a treat tonight in the way of a good wash and a clean shirt , the first I have had since I left Michigan ." Officers of the 22nd Michigan Infantry, photographed some time after Capt . Smith's death . 206 Capt . Gus Smith, the Howell farmer who found war was not the least bit glamorous. As the war dragged on, and as Union casualties increased by the thousands, without the promised Union victories , there was some public opposition to continuation of the war . Gus Smith must have heard about it, for on March 12, 1863, he wrote to his parents and sisters : " Wish I could be home just long enough to shoot about a dozen of those cursed traitors that infest Livingston county . Damn 'em if it was not for such Union men as they are, this bloody war would soon end, but just so long as such men are allowed to talk and act, treason only and boldly among you there at home, as they do, there is in my humble opinion, no prospect of a speedy termination. '' At best, be united, be a unit, and pull together, and we will whip them into subjection in short order, but place an army, ' \ Army kitchen: Army food in the Civil War was universally disliked by soldiers. The condition of this typical Army kitchen helps explain why . (AP Photofax) as we are placed, with a fire in front, and great deal worse on in the rear, it is uphill business, and pretty sandy at that I reckon." Lt. Smith's letters reveal also that he thought often about his home and his parents. "Well, Mother, how are you all tonight? Wish I could drop in and see you this eve. Should like to eat breakfast with you tomorrow morning . Our living is pretty tough, some of the time, but I get along with it as well as any of the rest. We had hard bread and coffee without sugar for supper tonight. Should have made a fuss about if it I had been at home. But as it was, I had to eat it, and make the best of it. "Father, take care of what few traps I have, in case I do not return. My Saginaw property you can dispose of as you think best. You will find a good pair of buck gloves in my trunk, take and use them. Have you done your threshing yet? If so, how does the wheat turn out? How much are you going to sow this fall? Who have you got to help you? Tell me all the news about everybody ... " In the spring of 1863, Smith, now a captain, again addressed his father: "Wish I could be there to help you, but I cannot. And then I can help you almost as much here as I could there . I like the business very much, and have been tolerably successful so far, I think . I think I may well be proud. It has been a great school for me. I have already been amply rewarded, and I believe, I am thought something of here . And it is gratifying to me to know, that the position I hold, I have fairly won. Nothing would tempt me to exchange places with any of my old croneys or associates. I am about as far ahead as any of them. " This was the last of the letters his parents preserved and possibly the last one he ever wrote to them. On Oct. 11, 1863, Capt. Augustus Smith died of wounds received in action in the battle of Chickamauga. He was buried in the National Cemetery in Chattanooga , Tenn. Thus, he joined thousands of his comrades who gave their lives to preserve the Union. Ann Arbor News, Feb. 3, 1961 111I iIl ll,11.1._ 1 ,.: 207 Diaries of Elisha W. Grant Editor's note: Mary A. Grant, 1444 Engel Road, Lawrence, Kan. discovered some family memorabilia and offered it to the Livingston County Historical Society. The family has always been proud of their relationship to Ulysses S. Grant. Among the items handed down from one generation to the next is the original land assignment (1838) signed by President Martin Van Buren to Philip Coon for the property in Conway Township that eventually belonged to the Grant family. Elisha W. Grant was Mary Grant's grandfather and this is his story . Compiled By A. J. Marvin Elisha Wilcox Grant was a handsome man . In his picture he looks like the kind of man who could carry his own weight in this wilderness he had moved to with his family . While new settlers had no problem with the Indians , living with the elements, just existing, was a challenge. Grant was just a lad when the family came to Livingston County. He writes of their arrival and settlement in Conway. Early in February 1838,W arren G. Grant, the father of the writer, exchanged his farm in the town of Livonia, Wayne Co., Mich. where he had resided for eight years previous coming from Massachusetts in 1830, for lands in Livingston owned at that time by Rufus Brach . Soon after making the . exchange he made a journey to Conway or as it was then called Howell (sic), it being attached to that town. He traveled by stage to what was then called Livingston Centre . The stage was operated by Allen Weston at that time . There being no public conveyance west of Howell, he footed it to John R. Fowler in the next town west, who went up and showed him his land. The next day the two Fowlers, John and Ralph, Harvey Metcalf, Les Nutt, Elijah Gaston, John Bush and Calvin Handy, comprising most of the male citizens of what is now known as the town of Handy, with an ox team and sled on which was put some marsh hay and the necessary provisions for the men (they went up to the new place to make a home for another new settler. ) Soon all hands were at work and before night the logs were cut and hauled . A shanty 16 by 20 raised ready for the roof which he hired Mr. Gaston to put on for a few dollars in WILD CAT money. The roof was made of basswood logs split in halves and then hollowed out with an axe the entire length . The first tier was laid close together with the bark side down. The second tier covered the joints of the first tier by being placed bark side up, thus disposing entirely with beams, rafters, roof boards , shingles or nails , still making a waterproof roof. According to the contract with Mr. Gaston about three feet was left open across the entire end for the chimney when it would be built and for the passage of smoke until that time . Having accomplished this much, he returned to Wayne County and made preparations to move the family into their new home. Having purchased a pair of half broke steers four years old and a light cart into which was loaded a sugar kettle and grindstone and a few smaller articles, with two horse teams to carry the family, household good and provisions, about the second week in April we started for Livingston County. The third day we arrived at Elijah Gaston's, paid off our teamsters who stayed until the next morning and after wishing us all manner of success in our new undertaking, left for home. The same morning we hitched up the steers and a few things packed into the cart and driving the two cows, the 208 male members of the family went up to the new shanty which we found after traveling four miles. We were without doors, floors, windows or even chinking. After driving our stock to pasture which was a small swamp some 30 rods west of the shanty in which the wild grass had started and was six or eight inches in height. We then commenced chinking, cut down some Basswood trees, cut them in lengths of six or seven feet then split them into four slabs and laid them down for a floor in the corners of the shanty, making room for two beds. We made a door and a cupboard from one of the boxes in which some of the goods were packed . The door was hung on wooden hinges with wooden latch and a dozen nails were all that was required in its construction . An opening was made for one small six-lighted window which with the opening in the roof furnished the necessary light. The tall oaks were waving their tops directly over this cabin and could be plainly seen through the opening in the roof, through which the stars looked down the first night after our arrival. The next day a yard was built of poles in which to keep our stock nights. Trees were felled that stood near the shanty and that were considered dangerous. The balance of the floor was laid, a few stones were gathered and a chimney commenced which was not finished until the logs had burned nearly half way through by the fire used in cooking. This shanty was built near the centre of the east half of the northwest quarter of Section 33, on the old trail road which had been cut through some two years previous by the Ingersolls of Farmington who were at that time making a settlement at a place called Grand River City (now Delta ), some seven miles below where the city of Lansing is located . At this place on the 14th day of April, 1838, we were four miles from the nearest neighbor on the east and 21 on the west (there being a small settlement at Pine Lake). The nearest postoffice was at the centre of Howell, 13 miles distant after we had been seven weeks in the township, one afternoon a woman on horseback made her appearance , it being near sunset . She was urging her horse at a rapid gait, did not stop at our place but soon passed out of sight and hearing , leaving us to wonder who she could be, where she came from and whither bound. The next day she returned and the whole matter was soon explained . Her name was McIntosh and she lived in the town of Iosco some 12 miles from us and was in search of some friends who lived some six or seven miles to the northwest of us where she arrived after dark but was escorted the last part of her journey by a howling pack of hungry wolves. The first school that I attended was taught by Michael Handy in a log house on the northeast corner of Section 11 in the township of Handy distant from our place four miles, three of which was through the woods with nothing but blazed trees for a guide-going and returning on foot-leaving home as soon as daylight and returning after dark-after attending a few days, the school was closed on account of sickness of the teacher and was not reopened that winter. Grant was married to Jane Hitchcock of Ingham County on Feb. 24, 1847,b y the Justice of the Peace for Ingham County, David Phelps.They became active members of the community ; Elisha bought 40 acres of land from his parents for $200. Through purchases and land being left to him, he accumulated considerable properties ; and he was elected county clerk for Livingston County in November of 1860. While the war dragged on, Grant's name was called for 210 THE UNITED ST CERTIFICA~E N°3/.J-'lf; / ??, !;l'o all lo uilunn l"lwse Pr WHEREAS /) ilt r ~,tf-t! n <y /i fr2J' 1 , , ·;;. , , , 1 j . ha / '·/· deposited in the GENER.llL L.llND OFFICE of the (I:!~~fa~e)" Serl)fi<ye of the whereby it appears that full payment has been made by the said ,/ //t I I~ l l,/ . {( r'-t! 1 I acc,o/r,d ing. to/ th)e p r.o/v.is ions o./f t'h e .!let of Congress of the I24 th .o/f ) -./fl p-ril-, I.s 'e.n tilltd ".lln acl ;~> J ;' ·. /t _rrJ,- /( f'U. / /j/ '';:f :r" . / /I !(~ 1c( / ( 11':/ /7n U ( ( (' 0.6: l z,v Ur, L !JJ u-h 1 C// ;L ('E 4 I c/4' SV,',: - { ,1,,9 / (J':1./' c · c>cu •,,;.,,_ ______________ ---1 :μeco4to tltfojfic~~l of the survey of the said Lands, returned to the General La e % (y>.f ,:JN , 1 . ---------------------11 l!NITED ST.II.TES OP .II.Jr:CEBIC.11i.n, consideration of the t~ /~n.i n d:'!11'.trity wi and by they 1 presents DO GIVE AND GRANT, unto the said./ / ,;:!'f t~ {~ ,,, 1, . _a m1t o. /. '/ / heir"•,t.' iif!JJa'Fb:• frcribed '. ;oH AV E fND T6H OLD the ••me, bdongmg,u nto.,.,,.. i·,'n, y ~,, t!' / , ; INTESTIMO ' lPlBlBQUlr&lm~ GIP WllllB TJJita~m~mWA ~m~ ~II' Am L.llND OFFJ.CE to be hereunto affixed. \ ' t-i I GIVEN under my hand, al the CITY OF Lort);eJhousan~ -~~nd: the , . 1/ /t/~μUt.,ro ES OP AJIEBIOA. · ts s;hall tJtnn~, Gr~~tlng: I . . / 1/uc/) /ro , _ ({! 5 . . , STER ·OF THE LAND OFFICE ~t'~ '/' r/ J t / ___________ __ e by the S1JRVEYOR GED R A.L, which said tract 'has been purchased by the s;aid ---------------NOW KNOW YE, That the 3everala cts of Congress,i n m.rehc ase made tmd provided, HAV E GIVEN AND GRANTED, with all the rights, privileges, immunities, aniJ appurtenanceso ~atso euer nature, thereunto ------------------i .,,..1----and to / 4.. /. heirs and (J.$signfoar ever. ;;/'/,,'_k/~ /4??. HEREOF, I, ~,<(L( C ' -· Land assignment ( 1838) U.S . Government to Philip Coon, signature President Martin VanBuren . 211 service. He was able to give the board of enrollment evidence that he should be exempt and for a price , he found a substitute to take his place. Meanwhile, he handled the affairs of the family, including the Power of Attorney for Rufus Hitchcock, his wife's brother , who was in the Army and died at Libby Prison , Richmond, Va. on Dec. 22, 1863. covered with deer hide ; a last for making shoes ; some old spectacles with a band of animal hide to hold them in place ; a leather pouch containing buckshot. Dust puffs out of the pouch at the slightest touch. The trunk also contains a daguerreotype of Grant ; two old purses and four diaries in which he kept an account of farm work and prices of the times , from 1887-190. 3Ashes to ashes . 212 All that is left in his memory is contained in a small trunk FORM 31. CERTI FICATE OF KON-LIABILITY TO DE GIVEN DY TH E BOARD OF ENR OLLMENT . osing the Board of Enr ollment of th e d# ------------------ Di strict or the State or ' provided for in section 8, Act of Congress "for enrolling and calling out the nationa l forces," app roYecl March 3, 1863, her,, cc1ii/y that _td_,1:d._i;/f_,&/?_~-- o~ ___i d~ -- , ei!I-P@f _,I_~ ----------county, State of _ _____ _ __ _, having given •• ti,facto ,y evidence th at l:e is not z:~~~~2j,ct ,i;c :il~·u~ a~ cd~~ act, by reason o~i- -·-•--•-•-•------_-,J) _-1',- iexempt from all liability t o mili ary d~y~~;;f:;~tE!:~~~~ I~' v0 Prn·;c~t ::: and P resid ent of Board of Enr ollment . Dated at_~----- -----• l this /P'aa y of .., .~ ....,. l864S /~~~; -;;~;,;,.,;,. ..L. ..... ..c .tc.~{ eat ................ Surgeon ef Board ef Enrollment. NOTE.-This certificate is to be given in all cuea where it is applicable, according to the 2d. 3d, 13th, and lith sectiOIUI el the act of Congress referred to abo'\1'.8 Milton Hitchcock Milton Hitchcock was a brother to Mr. Elisha W. Grant , formerly Jane Hitchcock. He was also a private in the United States Army, enlisting with the Fifth Regiment of Michigan Infantry . During its organization, the Fifth Regiment was at Ft. Wayne, Detroit. The Regiment spent its days in drill and discipline since it was believed it would not be put in service after the Bull Run disaster . When it became apparent that more men would be needed, the organization of the Fifth was hurried along to completion. Livingston County was represented in the Fifth Regiment by one company known as the Livingston Company and designated as "I " Company, mustered under Captain John Gilluly. The Fifth broke camp and left Detroit for the national capitol on Wednesday, Sept. 11, 1861. The arrived in Washington on Sunday morning and by night had their orders to march . From that date they joined other regiments in many battles , losing their commanding officer, in one particularly disasterous battle . Lieutentant-Colonel John Gilluly, the original captain of Company I, fell mortally wounded while cheering his men on. Letters written by Hitchcock to his sister (Mrs. Grant ), describe some of the incidents that occured during his service time and give an account of his illness. Apparently Mr. Grant forwarded the letters to another sister but the name was not mentioned. Dear Sister: I now sit down to write a few lines to you. We are all well. I am now nearly over my hoarsness for the first time since I left your house. We received two letters from Milton yesterday, it being just one month since we received one last from him. We some expect Eleda home tomorrow . I will keep the letter for her to read and send their supply to you. Here is the first. Camp Michigan-January 2 Dear Sister: I take this opportunity to write a few lines to you. Received yours of the 19th in due time and I will endeavor to answer it as well as I can . I am glad to hear you are all well and to hear that the money that I sent is safe . I don't want mother to keep any of the money for me but use it for her own comfort. We have mustered for pay again and I hope that I can send some more money home in a short time . It appears by what you wrote that James Coal and some others sit down and cry but that is not what I enlisted for. I came here to fight and not to cry . I am glad that George Hogt is getting better . I should think that it would be interesting to you to hear him tell about camp life but if I live to get home I think that I can tell more than he can . I shall probably have some stories to tell that will interest you all. I am not very well at present. I have a bad cold which I have had for some time. Yesterday was the pleasantest New Year Day that I ever saw ; it was as warm as the Fourth of July in Michigan but it was not very pleasant for our first Lieutenant for he was on picket and went out scouting with 15 Infantry and a few Cavalry . When they got near Fawls Church they were fired on by concealed rebels who were only 20 feet from them . One ball struck him at the corner of the mouth , laid his cheek open and passed through a position of his neck through coat and vest collar . His hat was shot off his head . He was stunned for a moment but as soon as he got his senses , turned his horse for camp . When he arrived here some of our boys did not know him he was so bloody. He offered $100f or his hat. There must be some holes in it I think. I understand that we had only two men wounded. The other was Calvin Mann. He was wounded in the leg. We killed two rebels and one horse. I have no more to write at present. Write often. From your brother. Camp Michigan Jan. 6, 1862 Milton Hitchcock. Once more I am sick. I was taken with a severe cold and for nearly two weeks I have not been able to do anything but be in my tent. What it will amount to I do not know but it is rather tough to be sick as much as I am. The boys advise me to apply for my discharge which I shall do as quick as possible and I have no doubt but what it will be made out soon for I shall never be able to do much here. The Fifth Regiment goes on picket today but I have to lie on my bed and take up with that and wish that I could go with them but that is all the good it does, but Stephen (not identified) is here so I am not very lonesome. You can tell his folks that he is well and as tough as a knot. I expect Stephen will leave here in a short time and probably I shall not see him many times more for his Regiment is going in the heavy Artillery . They will garrison some fort, what one I do not know. You must not worry too much about me, I will write often to you so you can know how I am . Give my best respects to all the neighbors. Stephen sends his respects to all. I must close. Milton Hitchcock NOTE: Pvt. Milton Hitchcock died March 2, 1862. His mother received a certificate in the amount of $126.86 from the Treasury Department. 213 214 r POSTMASTER GENERAL OF TO ALL WHO SHALL SEE Vlill.lllUI~~ &,. d - f"' - day of at __,, (()~ - --- ) in de ~wnty, of on t~ ' of- ..,,4_- , 1 /'f.4 2--, EXECUTE NOW,K NOWY E, fMat, rxm/i4n d e int?euty) at'i.tty) @rul I DO 00:MMISSIOIT HIM A ~il~m£.Z~matu ~o-uzed' to eucfde de 11i£W [;) ®l:f 'IllWlll W~ll'Illllll]) ~'Ill£'Illlll~9 a,,nd de Regulations '!f the Post Office j,Miv~p, a,nd emrP~nenttJ to t~ Mt,m,e ~n?'n?J ~? t,M ;,&al>wotfe t he IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, J ~ve affxed,a t OfY q?tty) de ------- eiflk 0/ndf oty= ~·/,,,,~ - IC lt LIPP m, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, ESE PRESEN'rs, GREETING: ) 13'.42 ) -~"- #a,,/U-/~k,ve~ wa6 ~~ --~ ),!/late of //£:~a-rt/ - :tMZ4w~ lie cf«/ D, cmd b TH~o ~OFO :F~ ICJl'./'"' r_-..4d '_ku .· '?ofde.ad ~tu-d,,4/~~- - thd officea l - af-ait/, to de rtment: TO HOLD tlfe 1>ado /fce,e f [F@$'ii~O\\$'if[[~,~ d al/ tie jwweM, aster General of the United States. to 6d my, ~nd, and au6MXI the Seal of the Post Office Department ,I/; ----- rlay, of ~/?'~ra~ - ) m tl:e of (}ll/}" ~od one , ,wul of de .Y~ of,~ l7llonite!a/t atet,d e !?"'o//~ U.S. Government appointment of Elisha Wilcox Grant as Postmaster of Conway, 1842. 215 The Old Courthouse Road Commission-19301 The Livingston County Road Commission (late 1930s): William Slavin , Engineer, Harold Chubb, Clerk , Tracy Crandall , Glenn Chubb , John Hagman, Livingston County Clerk, Coe Allen . 216 Board of Supervisors, 1912 Picture of Livingston County Board of Supervisors, 1912. Front row-Left to Right, Henry Ross, Brighton Township; Albin Pfau, Iosco Township; Elmer Bradley, Unadilla Township; Clark Miner, County Clerk; Arthur Parker , Howell Village Township; Bert Clark , Tyrone Township . Second row-Left to Right, Peavley Taft, Oceola Township; Arthur Shehan, Hamburg Township; James Grubb, Hartland Township ; Clarence Fuller, Cohoctah Township; Harry Stiles, Deerfield Township; Patrick Grey, Green Oak Township; Andrew McKenzie, Conway Township . Third row-Left to Right, Freeley Calkins, Handy Township; Albert Smith, Genoa Township; Ed Smith, Marion Township; James Harris , Putnam Township . Furnished by Alfred H . Pfau, son of Albin Pfau . The county poor farm . The old 'new' jail goes up . It's now the Probate-Juvenile Court . The 'old' dog shelter, now demolished . 218 The old county farm . The cemetary vault t o b e razed in 1976. Here ' s a fashionable fellow!! Circuit Court Judge Willis Lyons holds the gavel as he opens his first court session in Livingston County . Judge Collins, Circuit Judge of Livingston and Shiawassee Counties listens to testimony. Judge Collins was the predecessor of Lyons . 222 Judge Lyons at the bench in Circuit Court . Newly elected Circuit Court Judge Michael Carland (Rt .) takes over with County Clerk John Hagman . Presentation of Michael Carland as judge--L to R . Att. Frances Barron , Municipal Judge, Stan Berriman, Att . Martin Lavan, Carland, Reed Fletcher. Memorial Day 1966, Gold Star Mother, Mrs. Carrie Rohrabacher , 92 years old, places a wreath on the DAR marker on the Library lawn. \ (: ' ". \ , ,. 223 World War soldiers . Note the GAR tyfe and drum corps. 225 Democratic Rally and Pole Raising at Cohoctah, October 22, 1932. From right to left-Herbert Cook, owner of the mules; little child of Mr. Cook; Wally W . Knapp (Driver) , candidate for State Senator; Ed White, Deputy Sheriff; Claude E. Cady, candidate for representative in Congress; Guy B. Hosley, local chairman; Edward B. Milett, can - didate Register of Deeds; Alfred Pfau, County Chairman; Frank G. Knight, candidate Supt. of the Poor; T . Henry Howlett, candidate Representative in Legislature; Oscar Schoenhals, candidate Judge of Probate; Henry D. Finley, candidate Sheriff ; George H. Allen, candidate Supt. of the Poor; Major I. Bravener, candidate County Clerk . Handicapped Christmas Party . Physically Handicapped By Marguerite Moore The National Association of the Physically Handicapped, Inc. is an organization of physically handicapped persons and non-handicapped associate members which was formed on May 4, 1958, at Grand Rapids, Michigan and incorporated under the non-profit laws of Michigan. The scope of the organization is to do all things necessary and within our abilities to improve the social, economic and physical welfare of all the physically handicapped . Our National Education and Research Committee collects and studies data and information of special concern to the physically handicapped and keeps our members and other handicapped informed in these matters . N.A.P .H. proposes and supports legislation to provide more educational and rehabilitation opportunities, tax relief, employment and other benefits for the physically handicapped. Our Livingston County chapter is the first one in our county. We have members from Mental Health, L.A.R,C.. Work Skills in Brighton, Social Services , Rehabilitation in Howell and Hillcrest Center. Our officers are: Marguerite Moore, Hamburg; Ruby Dombroski, Hamburg ; Dorothy Hampton, Howell and Michael Hasti, Howell. County Red Cross The Livingston County Chapter of the American Red Cross was organized April 16, 1917. The officers were Mrs. D.W. VanWinkle chairman , Miss Frances I. Huntington secretary , 228 and Mrs. A.L. Smith Treasurer. They retired Jan . 20, 1940 to be succeeded by Mrs. O.F. Merithew chairman , Mrs. J . Needham vice chairman and sewing chairman , Mrs. Louis Hadley secretary , and Mrs. Don W. VanWinkle treasurer. Succeeding chairmen were Mrs. J .S. Page , Rev. Ralph Karney , Mrs. Geo. Sargison, Miss Josephine Grostic from 1951 to 1967, followed by Chas Sutton, Al Latson , and Milton Conine. Prior to the states ' entry into the second World War all shipments of cloth were made to Jas Needham residence . Later the City of Howell donated the area now used by the present police force as sewing headquarters. Mrs. Harry Huntington headed up the knitting program from her home on Walnut Street. Any garment not passing inspection was corrected and packed for shipment. Guy Knoop donated all day services to and from the train depot of shipments of cloth and yarn. Reflections worth mentioning here-shipping containers were non-existent. John MacDonald supplied rough boxes that were cut to the proper shipping size. Mrs. Russell Smith had the only sewing machine equipped with a buttonholer in our area . She made all the buttonholes. Mr. and Mrs. Bert Pate purchased and packed all articles needed for the ditty bags for that period of production . Services to the Armed Forces is the only recognized official contact between the service men and their families and any branch of our National Armed services . Mrs. Merithew headed this department for many years. Mayor Heller proclaimed Oct. 5, 1965 as "Ollie Merithew Day " in recognition for her years of devotion. This work has since been ably filled by Mrs. Portia Bartz , as many families in Livingston County will attest. Paul Bennett as Water Safety and Life Saving Chairman spent many hours teaching youngsters to swim at the local beach in summer classes . In 1950, Howell became a Unit of the Lansing Regional Blood Center with Helen Bauer serving as chairman continuously until her retirement in 1973. March 1958 the Volunteer Gray Ladies of the American Red Cross was organized to aid in the work at the local hospital. Miss Josephine Grostic as chairman has served continuously and four of the original ladies are still active . They are Mrs . Calvin Gatesman , Mrs. Ruth Bennett, Mrs. Duane Myer and Mrs . Arthur Willard. Since 1960 Mrs . Lester Rider has been First Aid chairman when she inherited the office from Mrs. Ruth Willimer . She is responsible for the instructors who teach first aid to the general public and assists the instructors in organizing classes . This is an efficiently run organization that works quietly in its own area of influence. C.Needham Howell Masons By Glenn A. O'Loane Royal-Arch Masons, Livingston Chapter No. 30 On April 13, 1863, nine Companions from the Howell area petitioned Grand Chapter for a charter, which was issued to Livingston Chapter No. 30 on January 12, 1864 authorizing them to exalt Companions to the Royal Arch Degree . We have no elected Grand Officer from this Chapter . We so have one appointed Grand Officer, Right Excellent Companion Rev. Henry L. Reinewald, who is now Grand Chaplin. We do have members who have served as Grand Committeemen and other appointed offices. This Chapter has served well in York Rite Masonry and in the social life of its members . The Excellent High Priest is William D. Boffa. York Rite Masonry The York Rite in Masonry is composed of the Royal Arch Masons, the Royal and Select Masters and the Knights Templar . Membership in the lower degree is necessary to advance and maintain membership in the higher degree, except in Michigan , membership in the Royal and Select Masters is not a requisite for the Knights Templar . Membership in the Mystic Shrine may be petitioned after membership in the Knights Templar . The York Rite bodies are purposely located in large and small communities so that a Mason may advance his knowledge among his neighbors . Each member may at his option, participate in the work. He may and is encouraged to hold office and to advance to the presiding office, even to the Grand body as some of our members have done. Royal and Select Masters, Livingston Council No. 73 The first assembly of this Council was held on April 12, 1906, under dispensation from the Most Illustrious Grand Master , Bayard A. Church . The present memership · is 61, of which ten are Life Members. This Council is small in size but large in heart to keep it operating as a Masonic body should. The Cryptic degrees have many important lessons and are quite impressive . They bridge a gap between the Master Mason Degree and those of the Capitular degrees and complete a Mason's Masonic History. Keith W. Seales is the present Thrice-Illustrious Master . Order of DeMolay , Livingston County Chapter The first meeting to start the institution of this Chapter was held on Sunday, February 26, 1956 at the Howell Masonic Temple . It was attended by the Worshipful Masters and Board members of the four County Lodges. Contributions of $40.00 from each Lodge and from Masons made a total of $205.50 and an Altar Bible from Charlie Hill completed the necessary finances and furniture to start . This chapter has an outstanding record of honors granted. The Degree of Chevalier is an honor granted by the International Supreme Council for outstanding performance in behalf of the Order of DeMolay. It is the highest award granted an active DeMolay. The following members received it: Chester Cramer , Ron Emerson , Gary Henry , Darwin Liverance, Rodney Lovas, David Rossiter, Lawrence Van Slambrook, Charles Crane , Robert Hall. Tim Kiser , Andre Lovas, Stephen Lovas , Donald Trumbull , Richard Crofoot, Bruce Henry , Rick Leitz , Bela Lovas , Duane Phillips, Jerry Van Slambrook. 229 The square's the thing for nimble footed Howell Square Dancers who keep the beat to the calling of Mary Merrow . Dancers are Carl Peterson and Alida Loring, Ken Loring and Marie Emerson, Gerry Spare and Lorring Emerson and Mary Peterson and Roy Spare. Howell Square Dance Club By Mary Merrow The Howell Square Dance Club of Howell originated in the spring of 1945, during the time of World War II, and was active through the spring of 1970. Don and Helen Knapp offered the use of their building (the building was located on W. Grand River which is now Swan's Store) and the Hildred Harts offered their services as well as the use of their record player and records . The first group consisted of approximately 25 couples invited by the Knapps and Harts. Parties were held at irregular intervals. Couples volunteered to act as hosts and hostesses and refreshments were served . After several open parties, many requests to join were received and as a result the building was outgrown so a move to the Masonic Hall. There were several moves, during the years, and finally the Southwest School became the regular meeting place . Don and Helen Knapp left Howell in May of 1946a nd at that time a farewell party was held at the home of the Russell Smith's. At this meeting the members present decided to form a club and Lyle Wessenger was elected President: Dorothy Willis was elected Secretary-Treasurer . The Charter members were: The John Barrs , Paul Bennetts, Joe Bradys , William Brandts , Tyler Brogans , Noel Burnhams , Maurice Coles', Wilbur Davis ', Kennedy Davis ', Claude Devereauxs, Tom Devereauxs , Clarence Earls, Lyman Fays , Calvin Gatesmans, Tom Goldens, Hildred Harts, Bird Rights, Wilson Howletts, Fred Jappingas, Seiber Karnes, Don Knapps, Gerald McCloskeys, Robert McPhersons, Robert MacDonalds, Ned Millis', Leslie Merritts, Byron Rogers, Sam Ross', Ray Salmons, Art Smiths, Russell Smiths , Keen Stollsteimers , Harry Waldrons , Loron Willis', and Lyle Wessengers. Many things were solved at the organizational meeting of the Howell Square Dance Club held at the home of Loron and Dorothy Willis in May of 1946. Here it was decided that the membership was to be limited to 40 couples and that the active membership would pass on other couples to be admitted . Prospective members had to attend at least three parties before they became eligible for a vote to member- 230 ship. The dues were $1.00 per couple per month. Hildred Hart and Wilbur Davis were the original callers and for their services they were not required to pay dues . A little later in 1946, Mr. and Mrs . Riby Holmes were invited to become members and Mr. Holmes assumed some of the responsibility of calling. Very shortly after the official organization a committee was appointed to provide a constitution . Originally the club met the first and third Saturdays of each month-later this was changed to the second and fourth Saturdays . In Septemer of 1947, the first dinner dance party was held at Waldenwoods with 65 members and guests present. These annual parties were held for many years usually in the spring at the close of the square dance season . Early during the existence of the club, dances were held at an early hour of the same meeting date for the purpose of teaching square dancing to the children of the members . This continued for many years. Through the years, the membership changed , but always maintained a fine, fun-loving group of people. The Hildred Harts moved away from Howell and Riby Holmes became involved in square dancing activities in Fowlerville-this left Wilbur Davis as the Caller until 1964 when he moved with his family to another area . At that time "yours truly " became Caller and then Glen Eastman followed. In 1961, Paul Bennett, who was Recreation Director, through the City of Howell Recreation Department, sponsored the first Square Dance Festival for Howell and surrounding nearby areas . Several visiting Callers participated. The Festivals were very well attended and created much interest in square dancing; they became annual events for five years . Howell Square Dance Club membership was maintained through classes which were held under the direction of the Recreation Department and the membership grew-then as all good things must end-this Club as a result of many outside interests terminated at the end of the dancing season in 1970. It lived 25 years and many good things resulted from the Club, always there was good clean fun, wonderful fellowship and very fine friendships! Angela Skorski Dance Studio Angela Skorski from Redford, Michigan conducted a dance studio, first at Brighton and then at Howell for 15 to 20 years. From her first sessions to her last, she often taught two generations of students; the children of students she taught in her first years at Howell were taught in her later years. It was quite a problem to get all the students into a recital because seventy-five or more were presented in one program. Her first assistant teacher was Roberta Nakielski and the second assistant was Jeanette Lebioda. Mrs. Skorski did pageant arrangements in Dearborn and Livonia . She also did the choreography for the Flint Festival and also for the 1963 Howell Centennial program . Several of her students became dance teachers themselves. She coached the 4-H quartette of ballet dancers who won the Michigan State 4-H Talent Contest at Michigan State University in 1959. They were all Howell girls : Kathy White, Susan Schott, Ardenne Rohrabacher and Donna Simmons. 231 Young At Heart scene at the annual St. Joseph summer fa ir, 1950. 232 The Young At Heart group meets in Mildred and Paul Bennett's back yard . It was a picnic get together, with everyone bringing food , and the club furnishing grilled hamburgers . Past presidents of the Rotary Club on the 25th anniversary of Rotary in Howell, 1950. Dr . Sam Ross gives his last talk to the Rotary Club in the Recreation Center . 233 The first Eagle Scout Government Day of the then Livingston District, Portage Trails Council (all of these names have changed now) . We were the guest of Rep . Sharpe at a joint session of both houses, February 17, 1965 where they paid trubite to Marion Ander- 234 son, America's famous Negro singer, at the close of her career. The boys are: James Coddington, Troop 63; Dana Garland, Explorer Post 63; Christopher "Kit" Hensick, Explorer Post 63; Thomas Hibner, Explorer Post 63; Richard "Mike" Yost, Explorer Post 63. Sutton's Hardware, 1913. Al Smith . S.W. ltsell , Former President of the 1st Nationat Bank in Howell . 235 Thirty Years I•D Howell And Some of the People I've Known By D. L. Zemper Thirty years in Howell and some of the people I've known. I am not a native of Howell, having been born in Bay City and raised in Flint, but all my adult life has been spent here , and this I claim as my town. I was born in the upstairs bedroom of an aunt's house on a cold snowy November day and they couldn't get the window closed. My mother used to tell me of the snow on the foot of the bed when I came into the world. I grew up in Flint in what would now be called slum areas , but we didn't call them that because we didn't know the difference, but I always felt if I could ever work my way through college I'd never come back to a large town. I did for a while, as a metallurgical engineer at the start of the war , but since then have been a resident of Howell. Imagine , if you can, the changes that have taken place in the past fifty years - Transportation-from train for long trips and horse and buggy for short trips , to automobile and commercial airlines . From a two day trip to Detroit and back to a trip to Europe in seven hours, and men going to the moon in 2½ days. People living in mobile homes and high rise apartments, and driving in their leisure time to vacation spots in travelling homes on the great new expressways, all paved and three lanes wide each way. The phase-out of railroads to carry freight to the use of large semi-trucks to carry almost all of our cargo . Home-From large wood burning kitchen stoves to small gas and electric ranges and now starting the use of microwave ovens that cook an entire meal in a few seconds. From the iceman who saw your card in the window telling him how much ice you needed, to refrigerators and freezers to hold your frozen fruits and vegetables all winter. From kerosene lamps to some all electric homes including heat and light. From wood and coal burning space heaters in the living room to the newest heat pumps to heat the house in cold weather and cool the house in the summer . From boiling the clothes to wash them to automatic washing machines and dryers . Schools-When I first came to Howell, all of the children in the rural areas went to a one room country school through the eighth grade, and if they went further they came to town for high school which held all grades for the city kids. Now we have five elementary schools and two Intermediate schools plus the new high school. Business-The old village general stores which sold most everything , have given way to specialized businesses which sell only one type of material. The neighborhood grocery stores are all gone, replaced by large air conditioned supermarkets and shopping centers . Work- In the old days people worked twelve hours a day from 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. and six days a week. On Sunday they went to church in the morning and had all Sunday afternoon with nothing to do. Now most people work forty hours a week and have late afternoons and two day weekends of leisure time. And the trend is to 30 or 36 hour work weeks in the near future . Pleasure-With all the leisure time, we have changed our lives considerably . In the older days, fishing, frog hunting, or a group auto trip on a Sunday afternoon. They travelled in 236 groups or clubs to help each other out of the ditches or to change flat tires , to weekend trips for golfing, skiing or going for trips with their snowmobiles. Many people take one or two week vacations to Europe or other parts of the world. These things could not even have been dreamed of by people fifty years ago when it took two weeks just to get overseas by steamship . The coming of radio and in the last twenty-five years the part of television in our homes has changed our lives to the point where most people would never want to go back to the "good old days. " Most of these changes have come about during my life in Howell, but more important to me, are the people I have known in this little town. I decided to spend my life here, not just because my wife, Tillie, had grown up here but also because I had been on college track teams that travelled all over the country running in large meets . Whenever we travelled west to Milwaukee or Chicago or even to Nebraska for National Championship meets , we always travelled by car in those days , the coach would call ahead and we would stop on our way home at a little restaurant in Howell called the Family Restaurant. The owner at that time was Fred Cronenwett. He is gone now as is Howard Gentry who owned it later , but it is still handled by his son Bob Gentry . Fred would keep the place open till we got there and have steaks ready that hung over a twelve inch plate. It was wonderful, but I was always impressed with the trees that lined Grand River and all the other streets . I always felt that this was the town I would like to live in. It's hard to beat a beautiful town and friendly people. People I have known in Howell-Looking back over the last thirty years , I have many memories of many people. There is no way I could mention them all, but some stand out in my mind for things they did or stories they told when they would sit with me in my studio and talk . Some were doctors or professional people, some were just ordinary guys, many are gone now but I've loved them all and cherish the memories . First of all should be Willie Wright, one of the few colored people we've had in town. We're supposed to call them black people now, but no matter , he was a great guy. Born in Alabama he came to Howell in the 30's and made his living cleaning business places and washing windows. Willie was one of my favorite subjects, a very religious man, I could get almost any expression I needed by quoting something from the Bible. The most famous picture I took of Willie was in 1966w hich was chosen as the top portrait print in the U.S. and was on the cover of the photographers national magazine . J made a large pictue of it framed it and took it over to his house one afternoon. He cried and offered me a glass of his homemade beer. The beer was terrible but we had a nice talk . Another picture of Willie was rated best in Michigan and I had it in the studio window. Coming back from a commercial job I found him washing the windows and looking at his picture inside. I took a shot of that which was on the cover of our state magazine. Willie was a great guy and before he died at 96, Francis Barron organized a large party for him at the Elks Lodge at $10.00 a ticket. He had a wonderful time with teiegrams from the governor and senators everywhere. Fred Server had a beard all the time I knew him, long before the young people with their long hair and beards of Judge Henry Harmon Henry H. Harmon (1823-1884), younger brother of Amarilla A . Harmon, was born in Manchester, Ontario County, New York and came to Michigan with his parents . He lived in Novi until 1847 when he came to Howell to teach the winter term in the Howell High School. He commenced reading law in the office of Lewis H . Hewett and was admitted to the Bar of Michigan in 1849. He was a law partner of Dennis Shields, father of Edward and Frank Shields, who were also lawyers in Howell some years later . Henry Harmon was Circuit Court Commissioner in 1852, Prosecuting Attorney in 1854 and Judge of Probate in 1864, practicing law for thirty-five years. He was a member of Howell Lodge No. F and AM, Worshipful Master in 1854-1855, a Charter member of the Livingston Chapter No . JO, of the Royal Arch Mason on April 16, 1863. He was also a member of Howell Commandery , No. 28, of Knights Templar , which was organized April 7, 1870. The following are a few words said of Judge Henry Harmon by his law partner , Dennis Shields, " From the time I first made his acquaintance down to the time of his death, the most friendly feeling has existed between us. In all of my mingling with men and members of the bar I never met one who so completely filled the measure of a first class lawyer and gentleman as did Judge Harmon . He probably had no superior in the state of Michigan, in the preparation of written cases on briefs where writings were necessary. Judge Cooley paid him the compliment of saying that he presented to the Supreme Court as finely prepared papers as any man that came into court from any part of the state." recent years . This made him unusual along with the fact that he rode a bicycle everywhere, even to Detroit , and he never wore socks. Fred never married , didn' t drink , smoke or swear , but the thing most people remember him for was that he would, on occasion, walk on his hands-uphill the entire block in front of the courthouse or down at the beach. Fred had a homemade house on the lake where the boat landing is now, and everyda y he would take a dip in the lake, winter and summer . In the winter he would chop a hole in the ice and dive in. One day the kids playing hockey on the lake talked him into making two holes, to dive into one and come up the other . He tried it but couldn't find the other hole. The kids were worried and one went for the police. Fred was smart and kept his nose up to the ice for the small air area above the water and was able to breathe . When the police came , they could see the dark area where he was and topped the ice toward the hole so that he could get out. At that point the police put a stop to his winter dipping. I took many pictures of Fred which were hung in national exhibits. He was a great model. Joe Carey-Joe is another great little fellow who never married , didn't smoke, drink or swear . He played the part of "Popeye " on the stage in the waning days of vaudeville . A tiny little fellow with a hippety hop walk, I took a picture of him which hung in many national exhibits . He works summers up here on golf courses , but has a house in Florida where he spends the winter because he loves to fish. While in Florida he goes to elementar y schools and children 's hospitals and puts on his acts for the kids-and never takes a penny for anything . Just one of the real good guys. L.E. (Pat) May M.D. Doctor May, or "Pat May" as ever yone knows him- Wow! I could write a book about him. One of the civic leaders , he organized more things and got more people working than anyone I've ever known. He thought up the idea for a Melon Festival , organized committees , and let them do the work, and- Bingo-we had a Melon Festival. That was in 1959, and we still have a Festival every year . The last few years he got the J .C.'s working on it and they're doing a great job. We could use more men like Pat , someone who has the ideas and gets a lot of other people together to get the job done. I remember , one time many years ago , he was so well liked by many of his patients that they staged a parade in front of his house, complete with floats and all , for his birthday . Brayton Kirk Not many people in town probably remember Bra yton as a young man . Some know him now as a shuffling grey haired man who used to run the projector at the Howell Theater . What most people don't know is that he was a genius with radio and television equipment , was a national member of A.S.C., had a pilot' s license, and a " hard hat " deep sea divers license. His house still is a maze of collections of everything to the point where it's difficult to even walk through . He saves everything. He could have the biggest flea market in Michigan. Willis Lyons I talked of Judge Lyons in the first book, how he was officially dead of Yellow Fever and yet survived , in the Spanish American War. The judge came into the studio about once a month and told stories for an hour or so, for many years . One of his favorite stories was about a woman who lived on orth Michigan Ave. and was the state president of the W.C.T.U. (Womens Christian Temperance Union) who were 237 the backbone behind the prohibition movement . So-when prohibition was going to be in effect the next morning, all eleven bars in Howell had to get rid of all their whiskey. Many , many citizens in town were buying it up for thirty cents a gallon if they brought their own jugs . Willis and a friend gathered up 32 jugs which they filled with water and a little food coloring to make it look like whiskey, and after midnight they placed them all on the front porch of the State President of the W.C.T.U. People driving their buggies down Michigan Ave. to work the next morning , saw the jugs on the porch, but Willis said the outraged state president never knew who put them there. Stan Herriman Stan has been an attorney, a prosecuting attorney and a municipal judge in our little community for many , many years. I like Stan because of his wry humor which is always evident. Years ago he took a small movie camera, which he knew nothing about, and drove to Cohoctah-twelve miles north of town. He took pictures all the way, of cows on fences , pigs with their litters-anything he saw . He called the movie " My Trip to Cohoctah" and showed it to many service clubs etc. adding many anecdotes about the people in the audience to make a hillarious show. I remember him telling me one time that a client of his, Tom Kizer Sr., had asked him to write a dunning letter to someone . Stan wrote the letter , telling the man that T. Kizer was a friend of his, and that if he didn't pay the bill, Tom would not let him swim in his pool anymore. He paid the bill. Dr. Harry Huntington Here is another man that I could write a book about, one of the greatest guys I ever knew. Harry Huntington was a third generation doctor in Howell. His office was in the north west corner of the main four, first door past the old McPherson Bank. Tillie and I were living about a mile west of town, just this side of the present High school with her father Eric Reiner . I used to jog into town for evening appointments and jog back . When Doc's light was on, I often stopped in to chat. In the summer he would be sitting behind his desk with his shirt off, just an undershirt on because of the heat, and he would say , " What would you like? " Then he would go back in the back room and pour a martini into paper cups from his refrigerator full of drugs and medicines and we would sit and talk about what went on during the day . Tillie and I had two sons, Rich and Steve and she wanted a girl , but we didn't think it would happen . Then one day, Tillie was in the old hospital, where McPherson Bank is now and Harry called me and said "Get over there ." I had farther to go, so I got there after him . He was going up the elevator , so I ran up the three flights to the maternity ward and he was coming out of the elevator with his shirt off and ready to work. He asked me if I wanted to come in and help but I said no, I'd just watch through the screen door of the delivery room . In a few minutes he called out- "You wanted a girl-you got one." I said, "You're kidding," and he came through the screen door, spread the baby 's legs apart and said-"Believe me now?" Sherm Jubb Sherm too, was·just a nice little guy who was an insurance man and really liked to fish through the ice at his cottage in the winter . Sherm also liked to spend a few hours every once in a while telling me stories about the olden days . His father owned the building on the northeast corner of Michigan and Sibley which was an implement shop. He told me about the paving of Grand River and many other things, but his 238 The Burhances Guy W. Burhance born 1835, Washtenaw County, and Frances D. Davis, born 1845, Portland Mich., married 1866. Their farm home was just west of Howell. Later they bought a farm at Coral, Mich. They were maternal grandparents of Mrs . Howard Grostic (deceased), Mrs . Carl Harding, and Mrs . Harlow Pless. Old Livingston Submitted for a Community Song by Verian A. Ball of Deerfield Tune, Yankee Doodle. Come sing a song of Livingston, The county of this state sir, Where everything goes nicely on, And always up to date sir. Chorus 0 Livingston, we'er strong for you, Livingston, our county, From your hills to lakes so blue, We reap a gorgeous bounty. We have sixteen townships here, In this grand old creation, And every one has many t'hin.g'i. To give us inspiration. Chorus We have one nice city too, And several smaller towns, sir. They all are growing I'll tell you, And never will go down, sir. Chorus The farmers of old Livingston Breed world's best Holstein (cattle, And with that aim have won their (fame In many a hard-fought battle. Chorus Then let us give a rousing cheer For this grand old creation; For Livingston, our county dear, The best one in the nation. Chorus favorite story was when he was fourteen years old, he and a friend had been watching workers repair a roof with tar . They found they could chew chips of the tar and it became soft like chewing gum. The Presbyterian Church was on Sibley Street at that time, so they pushed the soft tar into the keyholes of the church. That was Saturday night, the next morning the janitor couldn't unloc~ the church doors, and no one could get into the church. The janitor suspected who had done it and called Sherm's dad, and his dad met him with a razor strap behind the barn. Dr. E.A. (Sam) Ross Sam Ross was a dentist in town. A very likeable fellow with an acute sense of humor. When Sam moved south of town on the Pinckney Road, the nice little home he moved into, had an outhouse. He decided against an indoor bathroom and one day with a gathering of many of his closest friends, he laid the cornerstone of his new outhouse-complet~O feet from the kitchen , with the Scottish Ross plaid on the seats, a switch in the house which turned on a heater above the seats and turned on the lights. It had a magazine rack and all the emergency material that a plush outhouse could ever have. It even had a radio outlet with soft music . Sam did many things for this town. He served on the city council, on the school board, and while president of the Rotary Club he started the original bathhouse and swimming area at the lake for all the kids in town. We should mention some of the ladies in Howell. They didn't come in and tell me stories of the old days , but a couple of them come to mind for helping the young people of the l ·t.r..• rser titf~iaets community . First , of course, must be Florence Warner , a High School teacher here for more than fifty years. She was a good teacher, a strict disciplinarian and remembered fondly by all who studied under her. Another I recall was Betty Cook. She liked young people and for years adopted the basketball team and had them over to her house for a snack before every home ball game . Years after when they were grown and had families , one of them noticed that her house looked pretty bad . They all got together one Saturday morning with paint and brushes and painted her house, trimmed the bushes and yard and spruced it up real nice. It was just a "Thank You" for all the nice things Betty Cook had done for them. Speaking of things people do for the town, who could ever compile the many things that Mike Hagman has done for this area. It would take a book in itself to enumerate all of the nice things that Mike has done, and of course there is no way he could have done it all without the constant help of his wonderful wife, Ruby. Many of our former Mayors devoted most of their lives to this Community usually with much sacrafice to their business. Eric Reiner, my wife's father started the Lakeview Cemetery and the rebuilding of the sewage system with the help of the ever-present Karl Welcher . Burt Woodhams, Charles Sutton, and Cliff Heller did so many things for this town that there is no way the town coulq ever repay them . These are some of the things I remember of the thirty years I've spent in Howell. It has been the better part of my life-It has been my life. A share of stock in the Livingston County Fair Association in 1914. By 1947, semi -trucks were beginning to replace the railroads as the big freight haulers . But when a bad snowstorm came in , they had to wait for the roads to be cleared. 240 Mary Brigham, the first woman doctor in the area comes with her cutter to make a house call. Across the street from the old Catholic Church at Fleming and Grand River, Paul Bennett made up a skating rink in front of the old wooden Catholic school. Howell City Council bought this new snow removal machine in 1947. Howell Artists Charles Charles E. Schafer was born in 1914 on a farm near Pinckney in Livingston County. Schafer attended High School in Howell and then Michigan State College. There followed two years of study at the American Academy of Art in Chicago and a year later at the Art 1n stitute of Chicago. Later he studied under Harvey Dunn at the Grand Central Art Galleries in New York City. He returned to Michigan to accept a position with the state as Staff Artist for the Conservation Department in the Education Division where he has remained over 30 years. In 1947 the Conservation Department published his annual drawings "Michigan Wildlife Sketches", now in its eighth edition and still used by all Michigan schools. Schafer is art editor of the state magazine "Michigan Natural Resources" and still resides in Livingston County on a farm near Pinckney. 244 Shirley Radloff Being the wife of heating contractor Clarence H. Radloff and the mother of two active children, Christoper age 13 and Shelly s, should be enough to keep this area artist busy. Granted a scholarship to a private art school, she studied 4 years at the William Pachner School of Art and three at Florida Gulf Coast Art Center in Clearwater, Florida . . . Having studied techniques of renaissance and modern artists alike she is comfortable with both. Winter scape, a dark stormy sky, some endangered species or even a typical midwest landscape. Whatever seems to intrigue and facinate her, captures the stroke of her brush . Having spent the last 14 years restoring the over 100-year-old farm house in which they reside, both Shirley and Clarence enjoy creating art objects from primitive patterns, tin ware, pine furniture or even producing primative wooden toys and dolls for children. When not extremely busy Shirley restores damanged paintings for dealers and ga llerys. I The Davises, Dari, Isabel and daughter Joan moved to Howell from Detroit in 1936 and found it truly "A Good Place to Live." Isabel was a charter member of the Livingston Art Association and exhibited in all of their shows until the spring of 1967 when their choice of a place for retirement became Fairhope, Alabama where Isabel has been active in the Eastern Shore Art Association which has a membership of around 800. She has also participated in the Mobile Outdoor Shows and exhibited extensively. Her oil paintings hang in several states. Among artists with whom she has studied are John Szekes, the nationally famous Cleveland Woodward and Howell's very own noted James Ross. 245 Ella Hagman Ella L. Hagman is a long time resident of Howell. She came here in 1913 to play the piano for the silent movie theatre, then met her husband to be, John A . Hagman and they were married in 1916. John became Livingston County Clerk in 1914 and remained in that position for 48 years. They were the parents of three children, Louise, Pauline and Gerald, all of whom are still residents of Howell. Ella has played piano for a number of organizations over the years. She played for St. John's Episcopal Church for 15 years, for the Eastern Star for 35 years and for some years, she played for the White Shrine. She was also president of the Young at Hearts Club for two years . St. John's Church has been her home church for many years and she has served as President of the Episcopal Church Women and of St. John's Guild as well as heading many projects there over the years . China painting has been her main hobby, altho she did some oil painting and ceramics. She did such beautiful work she could have become a professional. Those people who have samples of her work will treasure them always . 246 Jean Rasegan A local artist, Jean Rasegan, life-time resident of the Howell area, only began to pursue her interest in the arts in recent years. She was born to Adnah and Ina Nicholson in Cohoctah Township in 1922. She attended the Graham Country School and enjoyed pencil sketching as a young girl. Married to George Rasegan in 1940, she raised five children, herself the youngest of five children. She enjoyed informal flower gardening and vegetable gardening, doing home-canning for many years. She sewed for her family, knitted and crocheted. She also assisted her husband in his business. weaving colorful, traditional rag rugs from hand-sewn rags became a pastime when she obtained a large, two-treadle floor loom . Mrs. Rasegan completed her high school education and received her diploma in 1970. The same year she studied painting under Dorothy Gheen, Livingston Arts and Crafts Association member and teacher. With her encouragement, Jean studied painting and lifedrawing at Society of Arts and Crafts in Detroit under Tony Williams in 1971 through 1972. This was followed by a class in painting under Marcy Gross at Oakland Community College and also Guy Palazzola and David Sharp at the Ann Arbor Art Association. Her painting "Winter Oak" was accepted and shown at the Rackham Building in the 51st members' show of the Ann Arbor Art Association. Jean enjoyed painting landscapes primarily, which were done in warm, subdued tones with a delicate touch. She liked to work from photographs she had taken herself in the local area. Mrs . Rasegan participated in Livingston Arts and Crafts functions, displaying her oil-paintings, water-colors, macrame and weaving at Christmas Bazaars, crafts functions and the Outdoor Summer Shows during the Melon Festival. She was the treasurer for that organization from 1973 until 1976 when illness curtailed her activities. She died at home in March, 1976 of cancer . Leland Edward Moffitt was born on October 26, 1904 in Lebanon, Connecticut. He studied at Pratt Institute, under Franklin Schoonover, Frederick Taubs and Wallace Bassford. He lived in Howell from 1962-1968. He was Past President and one of the original members of Livingston County Art and Craft Association. He retired to Cape Cod. He is teaching two classes a week. 247 Dorothy Hampton Walter and Dorothy Hampton, with daughters Janet and Heather, moved to Howell in 1960, when Walter assumed the position of Livingston Intermediate School Superintendent and Dorothy taught at Southwest School. In 1963 the family was in an automobile accident, which left Dorothy with paralysis and in a wheel chair. Four years later, when Lee Moffitt was teaching an oil painting class at the Recreation Center, Dorothy joined the class to become acquainted with the medium . She had done some water-color painting many years before, but had never used oils. Ever since that time she has been painting quite regularly. She paints still-life, floral arrangements and landscapes, and has sold many of her works. Her favorite landscapes depict the natural and rare beauty of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, where both she and Walter were born and raised. Painting on location would please her the most, but as this is usually impossible she resorts to painting from photographs taken by her husband. She especially enjoys trying to capture the true color and fragrance of a bowl of fresh flowers. Dorothy has shown in many art shows and has won several honors for her paintings. She has been a member of the Livingston Arts and Crafts Association, along with her husband, for nearly ten years. 248 "The Table," painted by Jayne Day Williams with thumb and finger. Oil on masonite . 18" by 22" . Portrayed in warm shades of gold, orange and purple . Photography by Ken Weed Jayne Day Williams Jayne Day Williams doesn't paint just because she likes to-she indulges in her favorite art form because she has to. "I get hungry to paint," she says. Her style is romantic realism, with soft or vibrant hues forming a portrait, still life or landscape. Her interest in oil painting started back in high school in a suburb of Cleveland, Ohio. She had an art teacher who was "very encouraging." From there, she went on to Ohio University to obtain her Bachelor of Fine Arts degree . It was there that she developed her realistic style. Her instructors taught her, "The world as it stands is beautiful." After graduating, Jayne spent 1S years using her artistic talents for community activities. She and her husband and daughters moved frequently during that time . Jayne has three daughters. She says they and her husband have been very cooperative and encouraging of her art work. The Williams family came to Howell 17 years ago. "This is our last stop," Jayne notes. She has spent years researching and restoring the buildings on their 20 acres. She has continued with her art education. She spent a year studying water colors at Eastern Michigan University. Then she taught reading to slow learners in Howell for six years. Afterward, she attended the Society of Arts and Crafts in Detroit for two years. "It was marvelous," Jayne says of the experience . She studied life painting (portraiture), which has become her favorite subject . In December of 197S, the artist opened The Wooden Indian, an antique shop in which she also sells her paintings . It ' s located in the carriage house next to her home at 3787 Byron Rd . She has monochromatics, still lites and landscapes on display . Jayne has also shown her work at the Hartland Art Show, the Birmingham Art Fair, the Golden Gallery in Brighton, the Bloomfield-Birmingham Art Association Spring Art Exhibit, the Annual Melon Festival, and the Livingston County Christmas Bazaar. She has been a member of the Livingston County Art~ and Crafts Association for the past eight years, serving as its vice-president for six years. She is also on the Hartland Art Council and in the Bloomfield-Birmingham Art Association. Presently, Jayne is studying with Johanna Haas, a German life painter. She has encouraged the romantic use of color in Jayne's paintings, with more vibrant tones resulting. Jayne believes an artist must put feeling into his work "to really produce a painting." She is grateful for the people and experiences she has encountered, because she feels they have made her more compassionate in her life and her art . "You really have to be able to see beyond the surface," Jayne explains. "I think it's a real challenge to be able to capture the real person, not the shell. I would never paint anyone that I didn't visit with ." Of the future, Jayne says she wants to keep studying. She is eager to spend the rest of her life painting, learning and mastering her technique. Lin Orrin Genung 249 Alma Fickies Alma Fickies was born in St. Charles, Michigan, the oldest of eleven children. She liked to draw from earliest childhood and was encouraged in this by her teachers and when in the fifth grade exhibited for the first time at the Saginaw Fair. Painting in oils is the most satisfying to her of all her many hobbies, which include crochet , gardening, pottery, wood sculpting, poetry and writing fiction . Her writing experience included area news for the Chesaning and Owosso Argus papers and book news for the local Carnegie Library in Howell . Alma was president of the Howell Area Artists and a charter member of the Livingston County Arts and Crafts when this asso- ,. ciation was organized . She has studied under artists from Detroit and Lansing and attended many art classes in Howell. She has perused the works and books of the greats and had the opportunity to visit Europe and Great Britain and study the works of artists in the National Museums and private art collections and galleries in London. Edinburgh, Dublin, London, Brussels, Munich, Verona and Genoa, Nice and Paris. She especially enjoyed the Louvre and the huge wall and ceiling paintings at Versailles . Seeing the original paintings of the great artists is a thrill and she says it helped her to develop her own techniques and style, also, to better understand the use of color and light to convey feeling and a message to a painting . She has exhibited at many outdoor art shows here in Howell and at Charlevoix, also indoors at Lansing . Many of her paintings have been sold to collectors in Michigan, Chicago, Missouri, Pennsylvania and Florida. Alma and her husband, Harold, and two daughters, came to Howell in 1949. Mr . Fickies was x-ray and lab tecbnician at the Byron Rd. Medical Clinic until his retirement after 20 years in 1973. She retired after 20 years from Citizens Insurance Company. The daughters are Mrs . Nancy Fickies and Mrs . Tom (Sally) Hathaway. The families are members of the First Baptist Church where Alma has done chalk paintings to the accompaniment of music and song, as well as in other small churches . She tries to portray a meaningful message thru this media to her audience . Ina E. Hight, born Adrian Mich. Attended Ypsilant i State Normal, and University of Chicago . Taught Art, Latin and Literature in Howell, Fine and Industrial Arts in Grand Rapids . City Librarian in Howell for 16 years. Married Bird L . Hight, one son William, and three grandchildren . Member of First Presbyterian Church, Livingston County Arts and Crafts, Livingston County Historical Society, Howell Book Club. Marjorie Banks Marjorie E. Banks was born Marjorie Jordan in Owosso, Michigan in 1945. She grew up in Owosso and graduated from Owosso High School in 1963. In 1967 she received a B.A. degree in Art Education and in 1970 an M.A . degree in Art Education, both from Michigan State University. She has taught art at the elementary level in the public schools in Villa Park, Illinois and Lansing, Michigan. She also taught Art Education at Michigan State University. Since moving to Howell in 1973 she has taught art through the Community Re-Entry Program at the Livingston County Jail, painting classes through the Howell Recreation Center, and macrame classes out of her home . Ms . Bank's strongest interests in the arts are in the areas of painting, silkscreening, and macrame . She is a member of the Michigan Art Education Association and serves on the board of the Livingston Arts and Crafts Assoc i ation . She has exhibited work at the Hartland Art Show and her macrame work has been shown and sold from The Quaker Shoppe in Brighton and The Gift Gallery of James D. Ross in Howell. Ms . Banks is a wife and mother of two children . The artist was born January 21, 1850 somewhere in Michigan. He was a professional portrait painter, photographer and violin maker . The writer also has in her possession several old violins made by him, one of which has written on the inside the following : "Made by B. B. Morgan . Violin, viola and cello maker . Howell, Michigan . Finished, Feb . 1919. Moisture Proof ." He died September 14, 1930 and is buried in Lakeview cemetery, Howell, Michigan. The subject of the portrait, Nancy Lucinda Morgan (nee Monroe), was born January 17, 1852 and died January 25, 1937. She was married to B. B. Morgan in 1872 and was 20 years of age when she was married . She too is buried by her husband's side in Lakeview Cemetery, Howell, Michigan . She was 28 years of age when this portrait was painted by her husband, B. B. Morgan . This portrait along with others was obtained from the walls of the old Monroe Homestead, a red brick structure which was a centennial home in Livingston County, Michigan. This was their residence until they died. The house eventually burned to the ground in 1973, presumed to be set afire by vandals . 251 Beth Livingston Beth Liv i ngston was born in Milford, Michigan and grew up in Wixom, Michigan . She attended Walled Lake H igh School . After graduation she attended Michigan State Normal College-now known as Eastern M ichigan University-where she received the degree of Bachelor of Science in art in 1949. . . In 1959 she received the degree of Master of Art in Education from the same college. For eight years-from Septem - ber 1949 to June 1957 she taught art in the Howell Public Schools. She was married in 1957 to John Livingston who for 36 years owned and operated Livingston's Drug Store in Howell. Mrs . Livingston worked in the store until it was sold in March 1976. She has had several hobbies in her life including sewing, photo - graphy and furniture refinishing. In the field of art she does oil painting, water colors, and pen and ink drawings. Her works are in private collections around the country . Mr. and Mrs. Livingston are the parents of Mr. Ronald Livingston of Flint, Michigan ; Mrs. Richard (Elaine) Reynolds of Owosso, Michigan; Mrs . Gary (Martha) Musson of Howell; Mr. Wilbur Livingston of Ypsilanti; and Mrs. Randal (Lois) Fischer of Farmington, Michigan. They have five grandchildren. 252 I was born in New York state on a dairy farm and lived most of my childhood and teen years in southern New Jersey, where I received most of my education. After moving to Michigan with my family. I met and married Lawrence Bamber, a promising young dairy farmer, in 1929. We have four children : three daughters, Ellie Shappirio of Ann Arbor, Mary Ann Smith of Walled Lake, and Nancy Eisele of Kinde; and a son, William, of Howell, who is carrying on the dairy business . We have ten grandchildren: Richard, Fred, and Tim Eisele, Susan and Mark Shappirio, John and Samuel Smith, and Kathleen, Carrie, and Daniel Bamber. I was a 4-H leader and a councilor for Methodist Youth Fellowship for several years . I am a member of the United Methodist Women and Grace Guild Circle of the Oak Grove United Methodist Church, and for the past ten years I have been a member of the Red Cross volunteers , working as a Grey Lady . My wish to try oil painting gave the children a clue for a Christmas gitt in 1967. A complete painting set with art instruction books started me on a new and interesting hobby . With several short courses, study Bozena Granowski Bozena Granowski received her Bachelor of Fine Arts at Michigan State University . She also studied painting in Perugla, Italy. Currently, she is completing her Master of Fine Arts in graphics at the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland . Her works have been exhibited at Student Shows at M.S.U . ; a juried exhibition "Polish American Artists" at The Galerla in Orchard Lake, and "1776 plus 200" art exhibit at the Scarab Club In Detroit. Ms . Granowski's paintings, primarily abstract landscapes, incorporate forms wh ich seem to flow beyond the picture frame, a feeling which is enhanced by carefully selected and harmonious colors. Her paintings are not about color; rather, the color interacts with the forms to set a mood. and practice, I soon learned that landscapes , seascapes , old farm homes and old churches are my favorite subjects . After we retired from farming and settled in our new home on Clyde Road, we did quite a bit of traveling. I took slides of all the interesting places for possible future paintings . To try to reproduce in oils the beauty around us that God has wrought is indeed a great challenge and pleasure . ELVIRA BAMBER 253 \ ) • \ ) Gerald Johnson is a self-taught artist whose works have appeared in most of the major art shows in Michigan since 1972 including the Michigan Focus and Michigan Survey Shows. His work has also been exhibited in various museums throughout the country including the Cranbrook Academy of Art, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan; the San Jose Museum of Art in San Jose, California; and Ball State University Art Gallery in Muncie, Indiana . Reviews of his work have appeared In the "Detroit News," the "Detroit Free Press," and the "Lansing State Journal." Johnson is currently a member of the Willis Gallery located in the Fisher Building in Detroit. His current work shows a childlike ability to strip the chrome and pretense from modern humanity offering the viewer an uncompromising portrait of the cruel passions fueling modern man. Gerald Johnson had all his schooling in Howell, graduating in 1963. 256 I have lived in Howell for the last ten years and I have been painting and printmaking for the last six . I graduated from Howell High School and received a degree in art from Oakland University In 1973. I am pleased to be included in this bicentennial project as a member of the art community, and although as of yet I have no long list of credits or distinguished career about which to boast, I am glad for this recognition. Just a word about the type of work I do ... I find crisp geometric shapes and bold color exciting and occupying as a format . The painting pictured here is one of a series of shaped canvases which give the illusion of a three dimensional geometric object. The image is bold and direct. Illusion strives to become reality. Creativity and personal expression must play an ever increasing role in our society for they are the only ways to combat noninvolvement and anonymity prevalent in our society. We are always so content to let someone else do our thinking and decision making . Our rightto personal expression is one of the freedoms guaranteed by our constitution . Ben Davis Benton Walter Davis-born in Cleveland, Ohio, September 15, 1901, schools, Bob Hope was a couple of years behind me at Fairmount Grammar School. (He was then, of course, Les Hope) . East Tech High School . Then two years at Cornell, finally finishing and graduating AB 1925, LLB 1927 at Western Reserve University. Started engineering , swung to arts, ended up i n law and eight years of practice in Cleveland. Then , following a hobby , the stock market, spent the next 35 years in Wall Street as a broker and writer of my weekly market letter, " Ben Dav is Says ." Wrote my book , "Dow 1000" in 1955 when the Dow was only 400. Letter and book led to many interesting clients, among them Capt . Eddie Rickenbacher , Adolphe Menjou, Bennett Cerf . Between families I lived as a bachelor for eight years in an unbelievable _penthouse atop an old business building, now pre-empted by the Twin Towers of the Port Authority, on the west end of New York's Fulton Street with the most wonderful view of the Hudson, Statue of Liberty, etc ., with only a short walk to my office at One Wall Street , with Mitchell , Hutchins & Co. It was here that I began my avocation in abstract painting . Having done some earlier work with brush and palette and finding it satisfying, I decided to see if Jackson Pollock and others in the new abstract field were not having more fun. 1 found that they were and, out in the sunshine on my penthouse roof garden, I turned out a number of paint ings, mostly on wood or mason - ite and using exotic colors in enamel paints . When I left New York I brought on a number of paintings, having to leave some behind in a Long Island barn . My w ife , Doris Crouse Davis thought I should loan the 4' x6' painting entitled "Blue Monsoon" to the new blue room at the Howell Library where it seems to fit into the color scheme . Now , it may help to remember that abstract painting differs from all other painting in that it is not a copy of something, a face , a land - scape , etc., but it is a creating in itself involving color, line, form and even perhaps an illusion of motion. Truly the only test of abstract art is "Do you like it?" And as for the raccoon coat which seems to be the only one extant in Howell, it is indeed a prize and undoubtedly dates back to about 1920. It became mine around 1955 in New York City at a summer sale of used raccoon coats at Macy's . It has been refurbished a couple of times and was never appreciated more than during this last brutal winter of 1975-1976. Greatly enjoying "retirement" here in Howell at our lovely "Easy Acres." Three loads of lumber for a barn raising . --- • • -' Richard Slayton ( mayor) reading Resolution from the City Counci l, thanking E . Paul Bennett for his unselfish service in recreation for the Howell Community. May 24, 1970 was declared Paul Bennett Day. Howell Recreation Center The Howell Recreation Center is a facility for use by the residents, old and young alike, of the City of Howell and adjacent townships , who participate in the recreation program according to the requirements prescribed by the City of Howell Recreation Commission. The program for the facility will be administered by the Recreation Commission and supervised by the Director, Paul Bennett . The Howell Recreation Center is dedicated to the citizens of the Howell area, the people who will use and enjoy it. The heartfelt thanks of the Howell Parks Foundation are extended to all of the many individuals and business firms who contributed financially to make this project a success, and even more to those who not only gave their dollars but gave of their time and talent to make this program possible . On this date, December 12, 1965 it is the distinct pleasure of the Board of Directors and the Building Committee of the Howell Parks Foundation to turn the keys of this fine facility over to the City of Howell and the Recreation Commission. We are confident that these will be the keys to many happy hours for our citizens . 260 A DREAM COME TRUE The Howell Area Recreation Center is truly a dream come true for many citizens of the Howell area . For years , since the city first became involved in recreation affairs, it has been the hope of those involved in the program to have a new facility in which to conduct a diversified recreation program . These people dreamed of some individual or business who would one day give them the money or of the day when tax dollars might be available for this purpose . Such a dream was never to be fulfilled . As we look back , the first glimmer of hope came when a special committee of the Howell Jaycees developed the idea that was to become the Howell Parks Foundation . This committee formed the foundation and carried out several small projects to aid the recreation program. They sought to bring about one large cooperative group which would be dedicated to the development of recreational facilities of all kinds in the city . Having been rebuffed for various reasons on several large projects , the foundation slowly "ran out of gas " and Mildred Bennett making change for some of the regular junior high students at the Friday night get together, first two years of Rec . Center. became quite inactive . Reactivation of the Howell Parks Foundation was crystalized by the Howell Centennial Committee which was in search of a worthwhile cause to which they could donate any funds that m ight be left in their treasury after the celebration . These funds never came, but the crystallization was complete and the foundation hustled into action despite the lack of dollars . Members were added, advice was sought , and activities were increased to develop a fund raising program that would provide the dollars to build a recreation center . After many meetings a steering committee of noted citizens was formed to help guide the project and prov ide adv i ce to the board of directors . After due consideration it was decided that the successful drive for funds could best be achieved by hiring professional help . This was done and a full time director was assigned to the project by the professional firm . His job turned out to be more than a full time job and many volunteers became almost full time workers for the foundation and for the cause . Follow ing the prescribed formula , hundreds of local citizens were asked to participate in the fund raising activities . Most of them responded and the fulfillment of a dream began to take shape for the first time . The Foundation Board , working hand in hand with the City Council and the Recreat ion Commission received suggestions and recommendations from these groups and determined the general plan for the build i ng and other facilities . The site of the McPherson Browning home had been purchased by the city for this very purpose and it was agreed that this would be the ideal site for the center . A goal of $175,000 was set as the figure which would provide adequate funds to do the job right. The hundreds of workers who had volunteered to assist did a magnificent job and dollars began to roll in . Three year pledges represented the bulk of the gifts, many with initial payments in - Although the goal of S17S,OOOh as not yet been reached, the board is still soliciting funds and every week new donations are received . Follow -up committees have contacted many new people in the area and have called back on those who said that they would " wait and see" before they would commit themselves. To date the total amount pledged is nearly $165,000. Any and all donations are still most welcome and will help the Foundation complete the job they intend to do. When it was determined that enough pledges had been made to actually move ahead on the project , a Building Committee was ap - pointed to carry out the final plann ing , design and construction of the building, which had been assigned the top priority in the overall project . The outdoor facilities would come later as payments on pledges came in . Arr iving at the time of groundbreaking was a long , tedious job for the Building Comm ittee. Hundreds of decis ions had to be made and many hours of work with the architect and eventual contractors were necessary before the first brick would be placed. At long last contracts were awarded and ground was broken on April 11, 196S. All during this time money was pouring i n to pay the bills which would soon accumulate . Many progress reports and committee meetings were held to assure all concerned that enough dollars would be available to meet the payment of bills . Letters, phone calls and personal contacts were used to urge people to pay their pledges in full , if possible or to at least keep their payments up to date, if behind . Reasonable success was achieved , construction continued and all bills have been paid to date . Now that the building is completed, several thousand dollars will have to be borrowed to make final payments, but past performance indicates that the loan can be paid off in a reasonable time. 261 eluded. Donations of services, merchandise and equipment swelled the total. The results were most gratifying. Now we have arrived at the dedication of the Howell Recreation Center. No words can express the thanks to those who have given so !11u~~ of their time and talent to make this project possible. Many 1nd1v1~uals have given hundreds of hours of their time while others have given a~ hour or two. It takes all kinds of people to do this kind of a voluntary 10b and certainly the citizens of the Howell area can be proud of the fact that th~r_e are those who are ready and willing to make the necessary sacrifices that result in another fine addition to our com~unity. Your active participation in the recreation program now, and 1n years to come will provide all the thanks that these people need to justify the effort they have expended. This Is what dreams are made of. HOWELL PARKS FOUNDATION BOARD Paul Baldwin, Jr., President James Campbell, Vice-President Charles Cobb, Sec.-Treas. Paul Bennett, Advisor Robert Withey Stanley Dickson Charles Holkins Charles Gatesman HOWELL PARKS FOUNDATION BUILDING COMMITTEE Robert Withey, Chairman Charles W. ltsell Dr . B. N . Shertzer William Doucette William Scofield Richard Blied Philip Taylor Francis Paquette Clint Whelan HOWELL RECREATION COMMISSION James Campbell , Chair . Paul Bennett, Director Richard Blied Glenn Berry Gerald Knight John Deppen Sherm Haller Bert Hensick Rev . M. R. Meeden W. B. Scofield S. Westmoreland Robert Withey Ed . McClernan Mike Wines Ralph Peckins Architect ............ . .... . .. . •. . •. . • .. • . .... Pellerin and Daubresse General Contractor ............. .. ... . .. . . .. ... . .. . ... B. J. Kennedy Bill Scofield had presented the copper plaque of E. Paul Bennett to Paul R. Bennett and Mildred Bennett. Howell Photographer Walter Esterbrooke Cleave, photographer, who took many pictures of early Howell which still exist. He left New York state as a boymoved to Detroit, then to Howell about 1868. It is known that he took the picture of the old frame courthouse and its surrounding grounds from the tower of the Central School in 1869. He boarded at the corner of Walnut and Hubbell (now Washington) Streets until he married Emma Mason on June 23, 1875. Following their marriage, W.E . Cleave purchased land in McPherson ' s 2nd Prospect Place Addition which is now the west side of South Isbell street between Grand River 262 and Gay street where the family residence was built . Cleave's gallery was over the Howell Post Office in the Weimeister Block where, as he advertised in the 1873-74 Livingston County Directory, "all kinds of Photographic Work done right and reasonable . Square and Oval frames at the lowest prices. " He maintained this gallery for many years recording the people and activities of Howell. He died in 1905 and is buried in the Howell Lakeside Cemetery near his wife and Garland in -laws . Dick Fay and Paul R. Bennett positioning plaque at Rec. Center . Key persons in the construction of the Howell Area Recreation Center, left to right Paul Baldwin , President -Howell Parks Foundation ; Paul Bennett, Recreation Director; Robert Withey, Chairman - Howell Parks Building Committee ; Earl Pellerin , Architect from Southfield; James Campbell, Chairman of Recreation Comm i ssion , ( not in picture) . ' 263 Mr. Moore looks over some of his patients as th cutting season starts . His shop on Michigan Ave. was Eucre Club during lunch hours . Election bets, 1936- I Fred Cronenwett does the wheeling for a while, then gets the ride in the wheelbarrow compliments of Howard Gentry . 267 r Summer Sunday and a card game at the McPherson cottage . It wasn 't all work in college . A little guy winds up one of the first Victrolas in the area . 268 M-59 opens for traffic After a short ribbon-cutting ceremony at 11 a .m. Tuesday, Oct . 1, 1957, the three -mile extension of M-59 between the Oak Grove Rd . and U.S.-16 was opened to traffic . Howell's Mayor Clifton W. Heller, at center of picture holding shears , cuts the ribbon at the spot indicated by Joe Harris, Diamond Dot Market proprietor. Harris, whose place of business was nearby , provided a venison barbecue luncheon following the formalities . In the picture, left to right, are Patrolman Walter Rabbage and Chief Earl Anderson of the Howell Police Department ; City Clerk Fred Catrell ; John W. Wills of Detroit, district engineer for the State Highway Department ; City Manager Fred Tholen; Dan Halloway, Detroit , representing the contractor; R. H. Miller , engineer for the contractor ; Mayor Heller ; Harris ; Ed McKeon of Howell, the project engineer; Bud Morrell , superintendent on this job for the contractor; Sheriff Lawrence Gehringer ; Mel Wirth, proprietor of the Howell radio station; and Robert MacDonald, president of the Howell Chamber of Commerce . Contractor was Julius Porath & Son, Detroit, with other contractors building the overpass at the Ann Arbor tracks and the bridge over the Shiawassee River . Cassie Johnson, Bernice Wood, Ruth Larsen, Gladys Golden, Julia Crittenden, Harold Hardy, and Laurence Lyon . Getting over a split rail fence can be quite a problem . 270 After a hard day's play, you have to sit on the potty before you go to bed . ' I The Howntown Paper Arrives 1911 Waiting for the milk truck pickup . Presbyterian players. Line's new Buick. 273 Howell's only set of triplets who all lived. Peter, Paul, and Patrick Martin . Ruth Ann Lyons, center, won the County Cherry Pie Contest and went on to be the State Champion . Jack Withey shows off his new boat and trailer, 1948. Rubber drive scrap pile during the war. 275 Councilmen , Front : A . F. Peavy , Mayor Sam Platt ; Rear: George Sargenson, Don Goodnow, Unknown . 278 Adelbert F. Peavy and daughter, Edith, way back when whiskers were in style in 1878. Wood Cutting-1896 Looking south in the far background is a white school house Dist . 8 always known as the Pink school. Also visible is the home of George Hibbard, now occupied by Robert Miles. The many stumps in the background are reminders of the oak forest which stood there before it was cut into the piles of lumber at left of picture. Pictured left to right-taken in 1895 : George Hibbard, Elmer July 4th, 1915 Trowbridge ( head sawyer) boys in background are Russell Hibbard , and Leon Fay, Leonard Hibbard, Bill Kelley, two unknown neighbors & Richard Hibbard. The above Hibbard boys were sons of George Hibbard Sr . Eric Hibbard Lucille Walker Struble and friends ready for the 4th of July parade in 1915. 279 The photo of Dr . Erw i n's dog patients which was taken in 1899. This picture was taken on the front steps on the ten cent barn. Dr. W .H. Erwin Dr . Erwin was born in Guelph, Ontario and graduated from Toronto Veterinary College. He practiced in Dansville and Lansing and Howell . Dr . Erwin's brother , Hal Erwin, was a trainer of Harness race .horses and had his horse barn on the site of the Howell Laundry on East Sibley Street just East of Michigan Avenue . He worked his race horses on the race track of the old Howell Fair Grounds. Wilfred H. "Bub" Erwin, only child of Dr. Erwin, was Prosecuting Attorney of Livingston County from 1946 to 1958, Howell Municipal Judge from 1958 to 1962 and has practiced law in Howell since that time . Early Michigan State Police Movie Heroes ... or the big time movies come to Howell By Harriett Faussett Brogan The year was 1917-18. Thomas J. Faussett known nationally as "America's Foremost Jewelry Auctioneer," was closing out a fine store in Anniston, Alabama. Faussett whose ancestors settled in Livingston County in 1836p rided himself on the fact he was a direct descendent of Samuel Huntington, signer of the Declaration of Independence. Appearing at a theater near the store in Anniston was the famous movie star Romaine Fielding, who had been chosen at one time top actor, at the same time America's darling , Mary Pickford was chosen leading female star. Romaine's career was launched back in the Pop Lubin days. One of his greatest starring rolls was in, "The Eagles Nest." One day he attended the auction Tom was conducting to listen to the man he later declared was stealing his audiences away with his entertaining, ably spoken ways. A great friendship developed between the two men and so before Fieldings personal appearance was finished and Tom's sale completed Romaine had pursuaded Tom they could form a movie company in Faussett's home town Howell, Mich. They were convinced they would set the place on the map historically and make a fortune for all concerned. They arrived there in time for the family Christmas dinner and soon Romaine was settled down comfortably in the Faussett home. The town was genuinely excited to think a famous movie star was in their midst. In about three weeks time the movie company was formed . It was called "Mich. Production Corp." It was soon passed on by the Michigan Securities Commission and the sale of stock began . Tom handled the stock sale while Romaine set about to assemble the case in New York, Hollywood and locally. Faussett was made President, Dorr Frisbie Secretary & Treasurer. He was an ambitious handsome young man from a well-known Livingston County family. The Board of Directors consisted of prominent local business men. The stock sold fast and about the middle of June 1917 the production of the movie, "The Rich Slave" began. Romaine had cast himself as the leading man. Other stars in leading rolls were Mable Talliferro, popular Broadway star, June Day another Broadway darling and Jimmy a child prodigy from the New York stage. Other equally well-known actors were hired including Emil LaCroix, star of "Beast of Berlin." Also a member of the celebrated Standish family of actors. The whole town of Howell was alive with excitement and this increased even more when it was learned local people would be used. Mayor Sutton's baby daughter Caroline was to be in one scene and Matilda Kruger , daughter of a prominent grocer would also appear. But most important of all, Michigan's dashing mounted Police unit headed by Capt. Olander, a handsome man known for his great courage would join the case as Western Cowboys. Howell opened her arms to all the cast and the McPherson Family even opened up his home for their stay . Most of the movie shots were taken right around the town, some in the local High School and others in the log cabin located on the Tubb's property next door neighbors of the Faussett family. The action shots using the cowboys (Michigan State Police) was filmed on land now known as Kensington Park near Brighton . There was a log cabin there owned by the Labardie family, and this is where the State Police made their appearances as movie star heroes, performing admirably all types of outstanding horsemanship. The cabin had been renamed , "Buck Horn Hotel" and supposedly is still standing. Labardy also acted in one of the scenes. The author of the script was a writer named Lonnergen, famous for his million dollar mysteries. He worked night and day to keep up with the shooting of the picture . When all the outdoor shots were finished the stars left to continue shooting in New York. Many re-do's were necessary and the script was re-written many times. By late fall the agent handling the sale of the picture turned down a very substantial offer by a London buyer thinking a better one would come from one of the large studios in this country. Realizing his error in judgement he tried to accept the London offer later, but it was withdrawn . After the agents failure to sell the film, Faussett's close friend, James Oliver Curwood, of Owosso, Mich. called Tom to offer assistance . Curwood, famous author and highest paid writer by the word at that time was familiar with influential show people and producers, for several of his books had been made into movies. He was certain he could sell the picture and solve the problem as he felt it was a fine production . Using their own funds Tom and Jim went to New York to try and make the necessary contacts. Jim even wired a thousand dollars to a prominent director in Hollywood for him to come to New York to discuss the situation . Curwood offered to give one of his stories without cost to be produced on behalf of the corporation but the stock-holders confidence was gone and the Board of Directors said, "No." So this wonderful gesture of friendship was never carried out and no buyer could be found. And our heroes , the Mich. State Police's acting careers along with local actors and actresses came to a close. And the stills of "The Rich Slave; " are all that remains of this era in Michigan history and the first movie made in this state. Years later the Faussett family heard from Fielding by letters and autographed pictures attesting to his come-back starring as the lead in "Shepard of the Hills," with John Boles, Molly O'Day, Alex Francis, Matheu Betz and others famous in their own right. Fielding passed awa y at the young age of 45 just before "The Shepard of the Hills" was released, either from complications of a recent face-lift operation or from an infected tooth. The stills from this six-part melodrama have been donated to the Michigan State Police to be on display in their new archives. Sgt. Ray Valley in charge of the archives was able to identify the hats , guns and uniforms on the mounted police in the stills and this group of State Police were the very first unit in our State. This article was written by Harriett Faussett Brogan, only daughter of Thomas J. Faussett, the President of, "The Production Company of Michigan." Faussett passed away April 1961. She recalls that as a small child the making of the movie was without a doubt one of the most exciting time Howell residents ever had happen to them. Fielding and his wife lived with the Faussett family during the filming and the little girl heard many inside stories about early movie making in Hollywood. 281 A red sedan stands in front of the Floyd and Hazel Love home. The barn built in 1920, sits on the farm consist ing of 1323 acres . STATE OF MICHIGAN, illrrtifiratnrf lrgintratinu. Registered Motor Vehicle No. ~, {s;J ). I . Michigan Motor Vehicle Law. ID~i111 11t o Qlrt11fy tliat . J :( J-3.,'.. L L{_{_._LJ {._1 (.' .:J/-.6-:,:~~T .L. of------~---l:1 .o ..L .~LL..l .L . ---·-··--C·-ounty of . , l__;_. ' L_,'. ~.'rLrwn~-CL....s,t a.te of Michigan, has filed the proper application and was on._ ._( .L fJ-'LL {-1. ,t !...U!C. tt.LL~j .JCL:l/.Y.L,t__~ 190 g duly registered as the owner of the following described Motor Vehicle: Name of Maker ...~ )-lc:L_a:.. rr Lodn .!.L.. ..U .D.><:Ll ~ ....-.F.a ctory No. .J ___! .) ___lr_L <t.&.1. _. . ( ) • n . Kind of Motor Power······..·.·.-.. -([ .Ll./.::.i. ..: 0:- _:LA./.Y::"_l.,.R_.. ,.......... Style of Vehicle .....s. iJ .Ll--'-<..AJ,C..A.L.C-t- .)._. .• e')U .!:. .L Index File Number . "J.,( pQ L ··---··-·-·--·N-·-o. of H. P. ---'-3----0~--- --------4---- ----0-- ---------·- -- WITNESS WHEl{EOF, I have hereto affixed my signature, at Lansing, this~.2. q .-:t: . day of.. (2fv.::~ l nineteen hundred .... 25..:.' Deputy Secretary of State. Cannon on the Courthouse Lawn, 1935 on left is Margaret Manley County agent Ben Thomas' secretary and Elizabeth Griffith . 284 General Mark Clark presenting a cross for bravery to Keith Welcker . Seated, left to right-Mrs . Browning, Mrs . Hickey, Mrs . Alice McPherson Spencer . Standing-Mrs. R. B. McPherson, Mrs . D. D. Monroe (Millie Beach), Mrs . E. A. Stowe, Mrs. Gilbert, Detroit, Mrs. M . J. McPherson, Mrs . S. M. Armstrong, Mrs . H. N. Beach. "A bridge partnership for 50 years," Dr. "Sam" Ross, Judge Hiram Smith, Grace Smith and Winifred Ross. Frank Bush, Register of Deeds, and his sister, Winifred B. Ross . 285 Goodrich Hearse, Brooks Street The Livingston County Road Commission (late 1940s) : John Barr, Engineer, Harold Chubb, Clerk, Tracy Crandall , Melvin Hibner , Rex -------------------~~~~--H-ous-e. - Livingston County's last iron bridge goes down in Hamburg Township. Milk wagon pickup about the turn of the century . 287 Pouring nitroglycerin down the pipe . Twenty gallons were put down and exploded in this effort to find gas on Chilson Rd. Drilling for oil in the Howell area in the 30's . Putting the gas pipeline through the county , 1960's. UiAl',nri:, . .1 H11,,1-i11:u •I •ii • r I NEXT2 EXITS HOWE LL 1 •• • ,,, ~ TAKE A TRAVEL BREAK \,~J 289 Henry Houthogfl's Motor Trucking-the teens . William O. Richards, member of the War Board in Oceola Town - ship, his wife and four sons. 291 Howell School Board in the SO's, left-Bert Woodhams, standing left-John Page Supt., Ed Fritch, center-Bud Erwin, standing right-Bob McDonald, Arlene Cronenwett secretary. 292 Ford Garland and Wilson Howlett Greenbriar Convalescent Home before its opening . 293 y Spring floods on West St., 19SO's. The four sons of William 0. Richards-Warren, Marshall, Sherman and Pirc. 294 - .. Burning of the Old Dutch Grocery on Old Grand River. Wreck of the hanger at the airport after the tornado in 1941. 295 Revolutionary War Soldiers and Sons The additions to Ephraim Smith and his son, Waitstill' Smith's and the entire Amos Adam's family were received too late to publish in the Bicentennial History of Howell. EPHRAIM SMITH ADDITIONS Ephraim Smith born September 14, 1741, married in 1770 Abigail Higgins of Cummington , Mass. He enlisted in the Revolution May 12, 1775i n the Fifth Regiment of Connecticut Volunteers and was discharged October 23. He reenlisted in Capt. Johnson 's Company, Fifth Battalion . He fought at White Plains , N.Y. and was of the number ordered to march from Connecticut to aid the Continental Army at Peekskill in March, 1777. Mrs . Abigail Smith died 1819 at Whitestown, N.Y. The family had removed to Whitestown, N.Y. about 1798. He moved to Howell about 1839 and died October 7, 1839 aged ninety-nine years and thirteen days . He is buried in Lakeview Cemetery , Howell, Mich. His children were : Waitstill , David, Dolly, wife of Peter Pratt , Malvina, wife of Mr. Purple . Ephraim Smith practiced medicine. WAITSTILL SMITH ADDITIONS Waits till Smith , son of Revolutionary War soldier was born Jul y 14, 1773 in Middletown, Connecticut. He married at Whitestown, N.Y. February 10, 1796 to Susan Bull of Hartford, Conn. Mrs. Susan Smith died at Perry, N.Y. December 31, 1838. Mr. Smith was a builder by trade and settled at Utica , N.Y. in 1800.I n the War of 1812h e was a member of the 15th Regiment , Oneida County, N.Y. Militia and participated with them in the Battle of Sackett 's Harbor . He moved to Howell, Mich. with his father in 1839. He married on November 14, 1844, Mary , the widow of James Sage. He died September 14, 1845. His widow subsequently married Februar y 24, 1848 Barker Wing, also a War of 1812 veteran. He is buried in Lakeview Cemetery , Howell. His children were : (all born in Utica, N.Y.) Malinda B., wife of Charles Botsford and then wife of John Burleigh , Almary C., wife of Mr. Marsh , Eliza, wife of Elnathan Botsford, Lucy S., wife of David Dickerson, Olivia F ., wife of John L. Wing, and Henry H. Smith . SON OF REVOLUTIONARY WAR SOLDIER AMOS ADAMS VITAL STATISTICS: Amos Adams is buried in Lakeview Cemetery, Howell, Mich., Section B, Lot 195. He is buried beside his wife and married daughter . He was born November 25, 1783a t Dublin, New Hampshire . He died May 14, 1855a t Howell, Livingston County, Mich. He was married in 1808 to Elizabeth or "Betsy" Wright. She was born August '%7, 1784 and died August 7, 1851. His children were : Adeline, wife of Cyrus Winship of Athens, Ohio, Eveline A., wife of Harvey Metcalf, Abigail E., wife of Enos B. Taylor , Emeline M., wife of Joseph H. Steel, John Quincy Adams , Amos S. Adams and Miss Angeline Adams . SON OF : Samuel Adams born June 24, 1762 at Boston, Mass .; died September 15, 1847 at Temperence , Monroe County, Mich. and is buried there in Hitchcock Cemetery, Bedford Township, Monroe County, Mich. His wife was Juliana (Anna) Stone born July 25, 1765 at Dublin, N.H. whom he married July 7, 1883. She died June 6, 1836 near Cleveland, Ohio. Samuel Adam 's grave was marked in 1946 by Nancy De Graff Toll Chapter , Daughters of the American Revolution . FATHER 'S SERVICES : Samuel Adams enlisted in the fall 296 of 1777 and served six months on the frigate "Boston" a privateer in the Navy under Capt. William Brown. He reenlisted for another six months , during which he served in the Army under Capt. Hunt and Col. Gerrish. He enlisted for another six months in the same company in the fall of 1779 and was wounded at the Battle of Monmouth. After the war he moved to Leicester , Vermont. In 1835 he moved to Cleveland , Ohio and in 1843 to the home of his son, Lucas Adams in Monroe County, Mich. He was the father of fourteen children of whom Amos was the oldest. ADDITIONAL DATA: The first building in Howell (then Livingston Centre ) was a two stor y frame structure on the southeast corner of Grand River and Walnut Streets , opened for a public-house . It was called the Eagle Tavern and opened December 1, 1835 with Amos Adams as the first landlord and first settler in the Village. The Tavern was sold about two or three years later to his son-in-law, Joseph H. Steel. In 1838A mos had a sawmill on the Shiawassee River , west of Howell and he opened a tavern on the south side of the Grand River Road . By 1875 most of his children lived in California , except Mrs . Metcalf who lived in Fowlerville . Daughter of Revolutionary War Soldier Candace Clark Huntington Vital Statistics : She is buried in Lakeview Cemetery, Livingston County, Howell, Michigan , Section A, Lot 36, grave 2, beside her husband , Jared Huntington , with an old marker . Both her grave and his were removals from the old cemetery . She was born June 6, 1785a t Ashford, Connecticut. She died April 26, 1862 at Howell, Livingston County, Michigan . She married March 2, 1806 at Windham, Connecticut to Jared Huntington, Jr . born January 31, 1783 at Norwich, Conn.; and died May 31, 1855 at Howell, Livingston County, Michigan . Her children were : Eliza , wife of John S. Marvin, Lydia , wife of David Lounsbury , Lucius W., Lorinda , wife of Dr . Joseph L. Smith, William, Nelson, Joseph G., wealthy wife of Edmund Quinlan, Jerusha wife of William Kellum and Jared Huntington . Daughter of: Sergeant James Clark , born December 15, 1751 at Mansfield, Conn., and died December 3, 1816 at Mansfield. His wife was J erusha Marcy who was born August 17, 1759; died May 31, 1849. They were married May 10, 1780. Father 's Services : James Clark enlisted January 1, 1776 for one year as a private in Capt. Keyes , Col. Durkee 's Regiment of Conn. troops. In October, 1777 he was a private in Capt. Abner Robinson's Company . From April 1, 1778 to October , 1778 he was a Sergeant in Capt. Robinson's Company, Col. Samuel McClellan's Regiment , Conn. In 1838 his widow secured a pension for his services . Additional Data : They moved from Mansfield , Connecticut to Monticello, Sullivan County, New York in 1808. In 1852 they both came to Howell to live with their son, Dr . William Huntington . } I The National Guard in 1947. The Civil Air Patrol in 1945. 298 Junior Farm Bureau It was in the summer of 1939 in Howell , on N. Walnut Street , when their bus was decorated for their state tour The local county Junior Farm Bureau had won the state contest for activities of farm youth , and the free bus trip . 111 II 1 II II 1 11 ,.11 ! The new Bell Telephone office on East Grand River , 1930' s. Laying the post office cornerstone in 1936. Yep, that's noted aviation pioneer, Sam Abrams, 4th from the left . Maycocks was the first man to get a pilot's license in the area in 1924. He was a commercial pilot in the Detroit area for many years. 302 1929 Daredevils This type of aeroplane did 1st acrobatics over Howell, Aug. 31-29 and flown by Ken Euler and Lt. James Roderick . This plane was built by " Curtiss Aeroplane and Engine Co. of ' Buffalo' New York.,' for the U.S . Army and used by both the Army and civilian aviation schools , as a primary trainer in both acrobatics and flight training . Ken Euler When the airport was i ust getting started . Maycocks ' plane again with a reporter's snappy car in the fore . ground . · Patriotism ran high during WWI. Sportsmen and women and a relaxing lunch . 304 Additions And Corrections Page 26 & 27-The lambs being brought to market belonged to William H. Peavy , Sr. (not Homer Peavy ). Page 52-See Euler article elsewhere in book. Page 52-First paragraph of article on Emil Bode should read March 9, 1959 (not 1952). Second paragraph of article on Emil Bode should read Eduard (not Edward ). Page 57-The article is on the Galloway house, but the picture is the Weimeister-Young house (not the Galloway house). Page 61-ln first column, article on the Riddle family, the name should be Mary Bigelow Ladner (not Ladnew), and also William R. Ladner (not Ladyer ) and son, Robert William Ladner (not Ladnew). Page 101-The picture is of Frank Sharp (not Frank Woods). Page 114-First column, first paragraph ; sixth grade with Mildred B. King ( not Grace King). Page 137-Picture of High School, class of 1906o r 1907( not 1915). Picture was taken in the Assembly Room on the third floor with seats for 100 students . The students assembled here the first thing in the morning for roll call. Some of the students ' names were: Langworthy, John Hagman , McNarmara , Itsell , Ralph Euler and Devereaux . Page 140-ln second column, article on school by Ruahmah J . Hutchings, should read class of 1930 (not 1830). Page 191-Picture on this page is the wedding picture of Alice E. Jubb and Howard C. Warner (not Roy and Grace Jubb ). Page 297-The caption beneath picture should read Brethren (not Brethern ), also the sixth line from the bottom of the first column should read Brethren . The second line from the top of the second column should read Y .P.A. (instead of U.P.A .) for Young People's Alliance. Left to right Bathing beauties are Arlene Mass Highberger , Lyle Fellows, Barbara Pettibone . The Beginnings-Page 15 Old cabin on Marr Road Northwest of Howell. Home of Frank Schmidt father of Joy Schmidt Bigelow. The old times told of the scratches on the door from bear claws. Early Settlers-Page 38 Family scene of the Andrew Schmidt family. The man on the right was Frank Schmidt again the father of Joy Schmidt Bigelow. The girl second from the left was Rose Schmidt Phillips. She was the mother to Galen Phillips of Howell. This brick house was built across the road from the log cabin. Mr. and Mrs. Carl Ott now live in the brick house. The Riddle Family-Page 60-61 Correct the spelling of: Mary Bigelow Ladner , William R. Ladner , Robert William Ladner . Page 385 The old coal chutes at the Ann Arbor station . The coal cars were emptied into bins and then the coal was taken by the locomotives in their tenders and used on the rest of their runs. I have enjoyed reading the Howell Bicentennial History 1776-1976. I realize the extent of the work done by the committee and congratulate them . I noted the two page picture of the 10 sleigh loads of fatted lambs being taken to market. I can't remember when I saw it for the first time. I was told that it was the total lamb crop of my grandfather , Robert R. Smith. He bred and raised sheep to a great extent , importing sheep from England and Canada . He had built !he barn on the west side of Byron Road as a sheepbarn . The identity of the drivers has been made as follows: 1st row-Bruce Bucknell, Wm . Peavy, Wilkes Hildebrant . 2nd row-unknown , Robert R . Smith , Gardner Hutchins, Clyde Garland , Burt Rohrabacher . 3rd row- Tracy Crandall, Roy Latson. . Our Town, USA The first fleet of trucks sold in Howell. Sold by Glenn Slayton to Ford Johnson to start his trucking firm, about 1935. 1 ,. Open,· og of the ne w Shopping Ceo ter east o f town in 1958. a.... Why we call it Thompson Lake My Great Great Grandfather Ezra Thompson was married to Margaret Morris, daughter of one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence . They had three boys namely Lewis , Edward and Moses Thompson . Moses Thompson was blessed with two girls and one boy , namely Mrs. Alvin Crittinden, Mrs . Ezra Frisbee and Morris Thompson. Many years have lapsed since my Great Grandfather, Moses Thompson started his first saw mill into operation in the vear 1836. This was built by Moses Thompson on the East quarter of Section 2S on the stream which forms the outlet for that body of water which is now called Thompson Lake in his Honor. Originally here were three lakes or ponds connected by the dam across the outlet. This all submerged forming the beautiful lake which we all have enjoyed for so many years . This submerged land was donated by him . Edward Thompson a grandson of Moses Thompson donated a half block for the County buildings. Morris Thompson lived on the old Homestead until his death. His Son in law, Judson A . Walker later sold a portion to the city for recreation purposes now known as the Howell City Park . R. B. McPherson donated the land for the entrance of the park . We regret not being able to find a portrait of Moses Thompson. We are including one of Morris Thompson a son of Morris Thompson . Thomas A . Walker 314 Bulk Agent Robert Freeman Burden was bulk agent for Standard Oil Co. in Livingston County for many years. His first oil wagon in 1910 was pulled with horses. He would sometimes start at four o'clock in the morning to make deliveries throughout the county . Standard was the only oil company located here. Picture shows oil wagon and Lyle Burden . Sprungtown Delivery In 1914 he purchased a Republic truck built in Alma, Michigan. It was the first standard tread ever made. All other trucks at that time were ten inches wider than a wagon track and couldn't get through the county dirt roads . The truck had no windshield; straps were attached to roof and hood. Later a wood framed windshield was installed . Picture shows 'Freem' Burden with Will Trowbridge owner of general store at Sprungtown. Lois Gehringer 315 I Sunday afternoon dr ive . Outside of the old Opera House . The old Methodist Church is in the background. l 316 J • •• Little problem here . 31S Scene of the rooftops from the spire of the courthouse looking west . Deutch's Studebaker salesroom on N .E . Michigan and Sibley . Raising the monument to the war dead . Meat counter at Joe Harris ' during the rationing period . The Detroit Edison building all done up for Christmas . 1 'I \ ; School kids decorated the store windows for Halloween , about 1954. 324 The wooden temporary school , used for two years while the new school was built, 1919-21. It was called "the Tabernacle." A City's Meeting Place When Howell's new school building (on Michigan Ave ., now the Middle School?) was completed in 1920, its auditorium took over from the Presbyterian Church (and before that, the Opera Housel as the city's meeting place. William Jennings Bryan, s. Parks Cadman, and many other notables spoke here on Lecture Courses . The above photo shows the audience assembled for one of Francis Raymond Line's Adventure and Travel Motion Pictures. Through most of the 1940's, and 'SO's, he opened his annual national lecture circuit with an appearance in the auditorium where he had received his high school diploma in 1922. I , {'),\. Expansion of th e .s ew• a ge facili•ti es. -~------ ""." "' ,ii;:_~-: . ......"..-..-..'. . ,., - - t . ' °' ,.. 1-~...-"'% 329 Pere and Bill Richards reading an article about their new store in a magazine. 330 Mel Williams with his new sound truck about 1952. The start of the new bowling alley , 1947. 331 Sewage facilities in 1950. 332 The post office is still impressive looking today . A . Bowman ' s staff-at the busy store. Composition, keylining, art direction, and photographic reproduction prepared by The Livingston County Press, 111 N . Michigan, Howell , Michigan 48843. Typesetting: Dolores Kellogg, Jeanette White, Debbie Wilson . Proofreading : Mary Lou McNeely, Sue White, Vivian Dunstan. Art direction and keylining: Dave Jaehnig . Assistant to the Executive Editor, composition and keylining, Joan Bergren. Photographic reproduction: Kathy Stackpoole . Text is 8½ point News Roman . Captions and other material is 6 point boldface Sans Serif . Headlines are Cheltenham Bold . All typesetting is photographic offset on Compugraphic and Compuwriter typesett ing computers . Printing by Edwards Brothers Printing, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 336 INDEXo f PHOTOGRAPHS Howell Bicentennial Photographic Supplement 22cd Michigan Infantry & Barracks M-59 Ribbon cutting group 206 269 81 300 307 302,303 I-96 Expressway ABRAMSS, am Adams Shoe store Airplanes Airplane group Airport ALLBRIGHTE, va Harold and Lloyd 300,301 295 196 196 216 226 148 ALLEN, Coe George H. AMBROSER, ev. Anderson School class ANDERSONE,a rl ANDREWSS,c ottia M. Ann Arbor Railroad depot train 54 269 186 91,216 78,79 ANTCLIFF,L ena 196 Armstrong home ARMSTRONMG,r s. ARNOLDA, rchie AUSTIN, Merril AVERY,I ris BAILO, Sam BAMBERE, lvira BANKS,M arjorie Banquet S.M. Baptism by immersion Baptist Brotherhood Barn Builders BARR, John BARRONF, rances Maud BASSET!', Loren BATCHELERM, rs. May 34 285 148 123 28 54 253 251 168 151 148 50 268 223 199 193 BEACH,M rs. H. N. and Millie BEAMED, uane 199 285 117 BEATI'IE, May BEDFORDE, va BEEBE, Nono BECKWITHF, ord Bell Telephone office Bell Bennett Hardware BENNEI"l'B, ertha Doris B. E. Paul Mildred Paul R. BERGIN, Lena BERRIMANS, tanley 187 60 188 193 298 166 316 142 186 190,260,262,263 261 263 199 223 1 BERRY,F red BETTERLYB, url and Glen Beurrnann store furniture float school BEURMANCNh, arles E. and Glen Mrs. Henry Kern Miller Bicl<:hart Flour mill BIRD, Maynard BIXBY, Mrs. BLANCHARMDr, s. Dorothy Bluegills Board of Education Board of Supervisors BODE, Emil E. BOHN, Ilah Wilton Boy on potty Blacksmith shop BLOOMERR,o bert Tim BOOTHBYN, oah Boothby home BORDENJ,a ck Robert Bowman's store Boy Scout group BRADLEYE, lmer Brady house Brady, Edmund Joseph Matt BRAVENERM, ajo r I. BRAYTONIv, an BRESLIN, Mrs. Shirley Bridge BRIGGS, Hattie Rollin BRIGHAMD, r. Mary BROTZ,P aul BROWNM, rs. Marilyn Roy Vera BROWNINGM,r s. Bruko Products Brush automobile BUCKELEWA,d am and Leonard Shirley and Sylvia BUCKNERA, l BUELL, Don and Sharon Buggy float 148 196 40 41 41 40 45 40 116 30 142 156 64,65 172 127 217 18 196 199 270 264,265 192,193 193 44 45 124 117 334 234 217 68 116 107,168 192 226 142 152 92 199 116 240 192 152 199 196 285 138 88 152 152 193 152 279 BUHL, Lillian 187 BULLIS, Mary 142 BURDENR, obert Freeman and Lyle 315 BURHANCEM, r. and Mrs. Guy W. 238 BURNELLG, ertrude 122 BURSLEYS, enator Gilbert 6 BUSH, Eva and Frances 109 Frank 285 CADY, Claude E. 226 CALKINSF, reeley 217 Campbell store 156 CAMPBELLE, dna 202 Car float 278 Car wrecks 80 CARLIN, Jud~e Michael 222,223 CARR, Congressman Robert 6 CATRELLF,r ed 269 Chamber of Cormnerce bldg. 289 CHAMBERLAIJNo,h n 129 Mr. and Mrs. 104 Chapman Tire Service 115 Cherry Pie Contest winner"s 274 CHUBB,G len 216 Harold 216,286 Church dinner 144,145 Church interior 147 Church of the Nazarene group 149 Citizen Mutual Insurance Co. 309,328 Civil Air Patrol 297 Civil War cannon 284 kitchen 207 CLARK, Mrs. Ardis and Arza 170 Bert 217 Burr and Chester 170 Frances 170 Class of 1911 122,123 CODDINGTONJa, mes 234 Margaret and Russell 152 Cohoctah Band 196 Calf Club 197 Cohoctah Center store 194,195 Cohoctah Meth. Episcopal church 198 M.E. church group 198 College Boys 268 COLLINS, Judge 221 COMMISKEBY., 148 CONKLINM, r. 123 COOK, Betty 189 child 226 Clifford 117 Herbert 226 Roy 170 COONRAIJI', Elma 19 COOPER,M r. 148 COPELANDA,l fred 62 Harriet and Minnie 62 2 COTI'ER, Harry COULARDM, r. COURTERM, ary COWDREYG,e orge Cozy Restuarant CRAFTf amily CRAMPTOND,o nna Crandall home CRANDALLT,r acy CRIT'I'ENDENJ,u lia CRONENWE'TA'Ir'l,e ne Fred CRONKRITEH, rs. Francis and CROSBY,E mily 193 148 28 116 306 48,49 202 68,69 286 142,270 292 267 William 170 199 Culver's "Triangle" Restuarant CULVER, Charles 46 188 28 148 199 56 199 57 56 199 Evelyn William CURDY, Alta CUrran Catherine Claude V. Dan Schuyler Frances and Louise Mark Myron Roy and Spencer Torn Spencer store DAILEY, George Dance Studio group DANIELS, Beverly A. Frank D.A.R. marker DAVENPORTZ,e lma DAVIS, Ben Frances D. Isabel DAY, Jayne DEAN, Gerald and Mona Democrat Rally group Detroit Edison bldg. Detroit Free Press car Detroit Creamery team Deutch Studebaker Sales DEVEREAUXE,v a and Lena Steve 57 199 57,148 202 148 231 93 50 223 123 256 238 245 249 199 226,227 322 303 193 319 199 199 DeVRIES, Mrs. Francis and Dr. J.R. Diamond Tibon Plating Co. 62 139 199 122 156 Dibble School class DICKERSONF, lorence Mrs. Dickson Baker's Dickson Bakery bakery float DICKSON, Mrs. Alva and Diesel Kitty 204,205 205 111 329 83 D'.Jg's !x)g Shelter D'.Jlls OOLPH, Simon OONEGANIr, a OOWENP, atricia DRAYTONM, rs. Joyce DRIVER, Clayton DREW,S umner Drum and Fyfe Corps DUNCANW, illis DUNKS,H udson and Sheldon Dunn Brothers Dairy dairy trucl~ DUNN,G eorge DU'ITONM, ar911erite Ea;er's Cleaners EAGER, Cluude Grace J. Maber and Torn Eagle Scouts Early car trucks E & E Shoe Sales Elder Ladies group Elementary school ET_.l,IS,E lla ELLSWORTHL,o rris ELY, Gurden Engineer ERWIN, "Bud" Mrs. EULER, Doris and Ella Fred John Phylis Farm horses plow scene FAUSET!',G oldie FAY, "Dick" Leon Fence FICKIES, Alma FINLEY, Henry Vincent Fire Escape Fireman Fire team Fireworks First schoolhouse "rock" 280 218 46 30 196 104 60 117 54 107 170 28 167 167 167 186 325 199 199 148 199 234 316 290,321 317 285 129 123 116 54 86 292 156 28 178 27,28 28 282,283 290 280 199 263 279 254,255 250 226 196 272 132,132,323 106 113 First United Meth. church group FISHBECK, Mrs. Richard 162 149 32 Fishing Contest 173 3 FLETCHERR, eed FOX, Fred FRISBEE, Don Marilyn FRITCH, Ed 223 142 142 124 292 FRYKMAND,o ris and Isabella Otto 28 203 FULK, Harold 184 FULLER, Clarence Garbage trucl ( Garland store GARLANDC, lyde Dona Ed Ford George GARTRELLM, abel Margaret Gas delivery truck Gas pipeline Gas well drilling GATES, Janice GEHRINGERL, awrence Richard GENTRYH, oward Pat GIES, Robert GILBERT, Mrs. GILLETI'E, H.R. GLENN, Nellie Golden's Electric GOLDENG, ladys Service Gontack Bros. GOODNOWDo, n Goodrich hearse GORDANIERL,a wrence Goverrnent Day Grace Lutheran church Grade school class GRAINGERJ,a mes 326 316 148 234 148 116,148 292 142 199 28 220 289 288 152 269 192,193 267 124 142 285 127 64,65 115 142,270 50 148,278 286 116 121,234 149,150 142 Grand Army of the Republic G.A.R. Vets 152 ribbons 291 276,277 293,305 to 309 317,319 188 Grand River Avenue GRANGERK, enneth Grant's Artifacts Green School class GREEN, Frank Greenbriar Convalescent Horne GREY, Patrick GRIFFIN, Elizabeth Senator Robert GROOMM, ay GROSTIC, Elizabeth A. GRUBB,J ames 10,11 67 142 293 217 284 6 117 20 217 Hacker house Hagman gas station HAGMANJo, hn "Mike" HAINES, W. HALLOWADYa,n HAMILTONJ,o hn D. HALLER,F ord Howard and Sherman HAMPTOND, orothy HAND, Jerome W. Handicapper's Christmas Party HARDINg irl HARDYH, arold Jack Ollie HARMONA, rnarilla Doris Judge Henry John Jr. Harris Meat Market HARRIS, Emmet James Joseph Richard HART, Senator Philip HARTERD, onald and Eleanor HASBROUCKS,a m HASLEY, Elijah Haushler store 63 81 216,222 4 148 269 90,91 116 117 248 19 228 54 142,270 192 199 23 54 237 54 320 93 217 269,320 193 6 54 142 62 307 HAYDENW, ayne 54 HELLER,C liff HEIMOREJ, oe HEMINGWAAYl, 104,269,329 142 145 HENSICK, Christopher HIBBARD,G eorge and Leonard 234 279 196 279 Olga Richard and Russell HIBNER, Melvin 286 234 285 Thomas HICKEY, Mrs. High School bldg. class dance HIGHT, Ina HILDEBRAN!"',B ob" "Bud" Hazel John HITCHCOCKM, ilton HOAGLANDM, ack HOISINGTONG, lendon Hometown Paper Arrives HOOVERJo, hn HORNUNGE, leanor and Fred Louise 116,117,128 183,310,311 128 250 199 28 199 28 213 117 170 271 193 60 60 4 Horse and Bug~ry Horse's and Horsemen Hosley farm and home house and barns HOSLEY, Aug. B. Clarence Elijah and Nancy Martha Roger Wilfred William HOTEILING, Edd HOUSE, Rex Houthogfl trucks Howe home Howe School class HOWEM, ary L. Howell Bowling Alley Howell Boys Band Charter Cormnission cheer leaders City Band Co-op meeting depot Fair football squad girls Band 33 258,259 58 61 226 60 59 60 58, 60 60 58,59 156 286 290 71 70 199 331 118 322 124 327 170 78 43 184,185,187 188,191 girls Basketball squad Highschool Baseball team Recreation Center 118,120 186,187 188 260 school Band 292 school Board school Bus drivers softball team 292 142 190 230 202 square dancers telephone office Theatre 306,320,321,325 track team triplets Howell Clothing store HOWLEM, arilyn HOWLETI'H, arold T. Henry Wilson HUBBEL,F ord HUBBEIL, Rodney HUGHESG, erald Hunting group HUNTINGTOND,r . H.G. HURRYM, abel Hutchings Mill and horses home mill and home HUTCHINGSA, ndrew O. 191,192,193 274 292 152 148 226 292 117 193 116 304 127 122 42 43 44 42 Indian tree Iron bridge Isham home ITSELL, Stephen s.w. Jackie Band JACKSONA, ndrew JAEHNIG, David L. Jail JAMIESON, JOHNSONC, assie Donald Ford Gerald JONES, Joan JOSLIN, Viola JUBB, Claribel Junior Fann Bureau Fann Bureau group Kelley, Seldein and Stanley William KENNEYI "Bill" KIDDLE, Ross KILLIN, George KLEIN, Mrs. Marjorie KLESSONM, aria L. KLUMPM, aber Kneeland School class KNAPP, Wally W. KNIGHT, Frank G. Stanley Knight's Templars KNOOP,G uy KRAMMESRen, ator Kerry Krause home KRAUSE,A ugust Kroger store Kroger Shopping Center KRUGER, C.W. Ladies Independant Band IAINE, Mrs. Jackie LAMERAUXC,h rvstal LAMOREAUAXr,l ene Mrs. LANSING,N ellie IARE, Vica IARSEN, Ruth IARSON, Ruth Latson farm and home IATSON, Charles E.E. Stanley and Verne IAVAN, Martin IAWI'HIER, Antilla and James 51 287 157 117 235 116,117 170 4 218 185 270 117 310 256 117 142 186 298 170 196 279 4 152 195 170 20 199 60 226 226 117 229 142 6 12,13 13 325 312,313 148 159 152 122 4 156 64,65 142 270 142 29 170 148 142 223 23 5 Lieberman Fann store Line's Buick car LINE brothers c.s. LING, Mr. LISTERMAN, Livingston Clair County baseball team 53 273 175 127 116 196 Co. Board of Supervisors Co. Centennial 189 334 137 Co. Fann house Co. courthouse Co. Poor Fann 219 Co. Road Corrnnission 304,320 217 286 Livingston Drug store 32'1 Livingston Hotel Locey's Recreation bldg. LORENZ,E arl Love fannhouse and barns LOVE, Mary LUDWIGD, orothy and Jim Margaret LYON(S) Lawrence Ruth A. Samuel Judge Willis MASS, Arlene Mabell Shop MacDONALDR,o bert MacPHERSONJ,o hn MACKM, r. and Mrs. Abijah MADDENH, elen MAJOR,M aud Man and his son MANLEYM, argaret Maple Grove School class Marion "stone school" Marr School class MARRD, ouglass MARSHALLD,o nna and Pearl MARTIN•, .girl Patrick and Paul Peter William MASONe, arl MATHEWMS, rs. Marilyn Mauselelllll Maycock car home plane MAYCOCKDo, nald Harold Mr. McDONALDR,o bert McFADENM, arion McKEE, Lynn McKENZIE,A ndrew 306,308 320 142 282,283 170 28 28 142,270 274 148 148,221,222 124 311 269 193 93 196 199 294 284 152 33 199 148 54 54 274 274 54 122 152 219 67 66 303 67 193 302 292 187 192 217 McKEONE, d McPherson Bank building cottage group dairy float State Banlc store McPHERSONA,l ice Elizabeth Frances Frederick Mrs. Geogia Mrs. M.J. Ralph R.B. Mrs. R.B. Sandy Scotch Hugh William 269 202 268 167 110 202 285 32 187 28 28 285 116 127 285 28 28 William the Fourth McQUIRE,M artin 23,32 28 199 MEAD,B everly and LaRue Mel's Electric truck Melons Melon F1.?st Melon Queen Memorial Day MENDORF, L. MERRILLR, alph MERRIT'!c'h ildren Methodist church church sketch MEYERD, uane 54 330 104 102 104 121,223 148 116 54 316 253 142 Michigan Bell Bldg. Celebration 201 Mich. National Guard Bldg. 325 Mich. State Sanitoriurn San. team MILETI', Edward B. Milford home Milk Wagon MILLER, H. Lloyd and Mrs. Mary R.H. MILLIKEN, Gov. William G. Miner & Sons store MINER, Clark Mr. and Mrs. Clark Morris E. Miss Howell of 1946 MITSCHELINM, rs. Margaret MONROEM, rs. D.D. Leon MOORE,M ervil Mr. MORGANB, .B. MORRELL", Bud" MOWREYD, ennis 176 to 180 190 226 69 287 148 170 269 6 195 217 194 185 109 152 285 116 170 266 251 269 4 6 MUSSONM, arilyn Musson home MUSSONC, lay T.and Estelle Virs. Elmenette and John Mabel and Ollie Mrs. Martha Ralph Robert Thomas and Ann NASH, Marjorie Maude and Leona National Guard Guard Annory site NEIL, Viola NEWCOMBr, uce NICHOLS, Captain NORTONN, ancy Oak Grove dam dei)Ot farm grist mill logging Lumber mill main street pond saw mill school class Village Oceola Township float O'DELL, Austin O'KEEFE, Mrs. Sharon Old baby carriage cars courthouse Dutch Grocery store Maid's Tea Party man and dog Oil tanker OLRICH, Mrs. Darlene Opera House oxen team 152 73 73 73 73 60 192,193 117 73 170 142 297 329 148 148,188 329 28 158 155 153 157 160 155 158 156 158 159,160 154 137 117 152 278 141,269 216 295 156 271 315 30 316 169 PAGE, John 292 PAll1ER, Eber 196 PAPWORTHR,a lph 117 Parade 100,102,105,108 to 112 Parker School class 26 PARKER,A rthur 217 Blanche 24 Clifford 199 Danford 25 Edward 22 Ethel 199 James and Jane 22 Jennie 23 Paul 193 PARKHAMJe, sse Pearce & Co. store Pearce home PEARCE, Mrs. Edd Irene Mrs. John PEAVY, Adelbert F. Darwin Edith Mrs. William H. Pecken's home PECKENS, Paul PERKINS, W. PELLERIN, Earl PENZIEN, D. Pere Marquette depot Pettysville mill PETERSON,C arl and Mary PETTIBONE,M rs. Barbara PFAU, Albert Albin PHARIS, Lee PHILLIPS, Beatrice and Floyd PIERCE, Barb Grace Pink School District# 8 PIPP, William and Catherine PLATT, Sam Play group PLESS, Elizabeth and Fred E. 142 307 153 156 123 156 278 34 278 62 167 167 148 263 193 82 174 230 64,65 226 217 156 196 129 187 279 55 278 270 20 Fred Henry and Maria L. Pless home Pool Hall Post Office 21,116 20 21 318 333 Office cornerstone ceremony 299 PRATT, Leon Presbyterian PURDEEM, r. PURDY,B ert players Margaret Maurice Quigley Gas Station QUIGLEY, Anel A. RABBAGEW, alter Railroad section crew RAMSEYR, obert RANDALL, D. Raspberry pickers RASEGANJ, ean RATHBUNC, leon RATZ, Lloyd R & D Screw Products READER, Beulah Mrs. 188 273 34 148 28 116 66 66 269 48 124 148 168 246 117 142 140 202 156 7 Reed barn farmhouse float REED, Mrs, Dorothy Tazoni and Zur Republican truck RICE, Lucille Richards store RICHARDSA, rdis Marshall May Perrv Pere Shennan and Warren William Mrs. William RIDDLE, Elizabeth Mary RISCH, Ralph Road Corrnnissioners Road gang ROBB, Harold ROBINSONL, ila RODGERSM, rs. ROHRABACHEMRr,s . Carrie ROSS, Henry Dr. Sam ROSSMANM, rs. Ila Rotary Club group ROUNDSV, ernon ROZEK, Agnes and Paul Rubber Drive Rubert House RUEN, Ruth RUNSEYW, illiam Ruth's Dress Shop Rutter fann RYAL, Olive and Wayne Sabatos home SAGE, Mrs. James SANFORDF, .S. Sanitarium interior shacks SARGENSONG,e orge SCHAFERC, harles SCHMIIYIJ',o y Lange and Stanley Schoeberlen home SCHOEHALSO, scar School Auditorium Band trip SCHREPFERV, irginia SCHULT'ZG, retchen SCOFIELD, "Bill" Scrape Drive 52 51 52 152 117 315 187 317,330 170 294 199 117 294,330 294 291,330 291 32 199 117 216 74 to 77 170 202 156 223 217 233,285 60 233 117 199 275 70 187 335 331 167 196 72 30 117 179 177,180 278 244 199 199 69 226 325 114 89 124 28 262 130,131 Semi trucks Sewage facility SHAFT, William C. SHARPE, Harriet SHEHANA, rthur Shiawassee river Shield's home Silo building Skating Rink SKELTONL, ouise SKINNER, Burril Dr. Charles Clare SLAVIN, William SLAYLEYL, eona SLAYTONG, len SMITH, Al Joy Richard Blanche Ed Grace Captain Gus Hiram Louis Robert Tim Snow Removal machine SOBER, Jackie and Richard Soldier Presentation SOPP, Spanish American Vets Spencer Machine shop Spencer birthday SPENCER, Mrs. Alice Elizabeth and Donald Mac William S~lit Rail fence Sprague School class SPRAGUE,G race ST. Joseph Fair group STALEY, Mrs. Standard Oil Co. truck Service Station STANLEYch ildren Stapleton home Station agent ~'Mrs.Sylvia Steam engineer locamotive STEINACKERC, yrstal STEWARTC, ecil STILES, Harry STODARDM, rs. STONE, Mrs. E.A. 240 326,332 23 62 217 164 34 171 241 56 142 34 188 216 123 310 104 260 217,235 24 217 285 206 285 196 50,170 50 240 152 284 193 106 143 28 285 28 188 28 270 196 199 232 156 315 109,308 194 69 90 152 86 84 54 199 217 156 285 8 STROBEL,H arold STRUBLE,L ucille STUART, Alma STUIBLE, Helen Stump Land sketch Sutton Hardware SU'ITON, Carolyn "Tabernacle" building TAIT, Peavley TAYLORT, homas TEEPLE, Lloyd Telephone group Linemen THOLEN,F red Thompson lake THOMPSONM, orris Threshing machine TONCRAYE, verett Tornado Tour Bus Tractor Train TROWBRiffiEE, lmer Will Tyrone township float UBER, Paul H. Unified Plastic Tool Co. United Brethren church U.S. Army plane Van Patton house 116,193 279 186 124,129 242,243 235 28 324 217 116 116 203 200' 269 15,314 314 49 116 134,135,136 91 53 92 194,279 315 137 201 141 197 302 VAN WINKLE, Betty and Charles 154 28 28 105 190 268 William P. Vets in parade VEY, Herbert Victrola V.J. Day parade VOGHT,B ertrice WALDRONE,t hel Harry WALKL, ucille Walker home WALKERE,a ger Mr. and Mrs. John Lucille Mayme and Ollie Ruby WALTERG, oldie War Memorial WARRENM, arshall WARTENBURMGr, s. Janice Washing the hogs WATKINSD, r. Louis 107,108 186 199 142 279 45 199 45 45 199 4: 199 320 170 152 169 25 WEBB, Everett WEINMASTERA,l ma and Hilda WELCHERC, arl Keith WENDEIL, John WESSINGERJ, osephine West Marion Methodist church West Street flood Western Auto store Western Union WHELANJi,m Whipple Hotel WHITACKERB, ertha WHITE,Ed Foster Helen G. Homer WILCOX, Ila and Joyce Louise WIILIAMS, Francis Mrs. H.L. I. and L. Jayne Day Mel Paul WIILIS, Loren WIILIS, John W. Wilson farm WIMBLES, CLARK Winchell house WINK, Uhl Winkelhaus floral float WINKELHAUS WINSHIP, Cyrum Mrs. Cyrus Handel WINTERS WIRTH, Mel WISNER, Governor Moses WITHEY, Jack Robert WOLFE,M rs. James WOOD, Amy A. Frank Mrs. Lamar Pacia Mrs. Rhodora Townley W.H. Woodcutting WOODARDJo, hn Mary WOODHAMSB,e rt WOODIN, Ora 116 142 112 284 196 122 151 294 307 114 193 72 142 226 188 186 199 60 60 62 62 127 249 330 256 191 269 136 188 156 142 108 19 70 296 80 19 269 206 275 262,263 198 126 101,305 69 125 71 125 148 279 126 125 239,292 51 9 WOODRUFFB,l anche 199 Jim 193 WOODSG, eorge 153 WOODSTOCCKr,a ig 193 WOODWARBDla, nche 199 ca1vin 304 Eli and Elmer 199 George 199 Mabel and Mary 199 Maud and Max 199 Stanley 199 WOODWORTAHm, y 125 Belle 126 June 181 Porter 126 WOOKL, ottie 126 World War I, Patriotic Group 304 World War Soldiers 224 WORTHINGTOSNp,e ncer 116 WRIGGLESWORTMHrs, . Elizabeth 198 John 195,198,201,202 Mrs. John 198 Nancy and "Push" 195 WRIGHT,A bbie Mand Arthur 26 Bert and Bruce 125 Clarence and Daisy 26 Elizabeth 296 Emerson, Eva and Ford 26 Frank and George w. 26 Gladys and Guy 26 Hazel and Mrs. Hester 26 Irene and Josephine 26 Lula and Marguerite 26 Mabel and Robert 125 Marion 26 Mr. 90 Robert and Roy 26 Rose and Ruth 26 Willie 236 WYKOFFE, uphenia I25 Yearbook crew YELLANDM, aude N. YOST, Fielding H. YOUNGH, elma James s. Laurie Maud Willaim Young heme Young At Heart Club YORK, Don 129 30 148 38 125 183 125 148 120 232 191 YOST, Richard 234 ZEMPER,D uane L. 3,4,9,104,236 YOURNDA, ugusta 125 Eric 192,193,238 Family 190 Steve 182,193,238 ZAHN, Amelia 126 Mrs. Tillie 236 ZAYANL, inda 182 '.ZemperS tudio Float 112 MISCELLAN. IYNDEX Howell Bicentennial Photographic Supplement 5th Michigan Infantry 8th Michigan Infantry 22cd Michigan Infantry 27th Michigan Infantry 14 U.S. Cavalry Adams House hotel Admiral American Academy of Arts American Express Co. American Revolution Bicen. Anderson school Andersonville prison Ann Arbor News 44,213 30 19,206 30 38 70 Comm. 38 244 203 3 43 30 206 Ann Arbor Railroad "Ann" house Ann Pere Apple varieties Architect 48,83 to 86,88 44 87 16 Arlington National cemetery Arrowhead Motors Co. float Baker Ball State University 262 39 100,101 204 256 10 Barber Barn Barnard Street cemetery Bathhouse Battle of Spottsylvania, Vir. Battleship WisconSin Beans Ben Davis Says column Bethel Methodist Evangelical Bicentennial Committee Bill headings Blacksmith Blacksmith shop Blain house "Blue Monsoon" painting Boathouse Body shop Bower farmhouse Brick house 34, "Buck Horn" hotel Butcher shop Byron Road Medical Clinic I BUSINESS Armstrong Lumber Co. Armstrong & Barron Implements Brannon Appliance Co. 98 98 Barron Implement Co. Beckwith & Co. Benedict & Ratz Hardware Beurrnann Furniture Co. Borden's Milk factory Britten Garage Britten & Sons Excavating Brown Grocery Bruce Products Chern Trend Inc. Chem Trend International Chubb Manufacturing Co. City Marlcet Cleav Photo Gallery Commercial Hotel Cook & Sons Grocery Crandall Realty CUlver Cigar Co. 1t10 97 97 96 96 29,138 46 46 96,97 85,138 138 139 95 97 262 23 96 68 96 25 139 139 CUrtis & Whipple Merchantile Dannon & Jonckheere Gravel Co. Diamond Chrome Plating Inc. Diamond Dot Market 52,ll3 139 139 139 Diamond Tibon Plating Co. Die Cast Industry Products D & J Gravel Inc. Dutch Grocery Eagle Tavern Erner Wrench & Tool Manf. Co. Electric Motors Co. Family Restuarant Farm Bureau- Services First National Bank Fishbeck & Cook Fisher Tool & Die Co. 19 32,296 94 44 236 170 235 98,99 140 Frykman Electric 97,99 Goodnow & Jubb Hardware Goodnow Merchandise Gordon Drugs Haggerty Lumber Co. 97,98,99 96 99 87 Hickey & Galloway Foundry Hill's Home Bakery Hovey Bakery Howell Bakery Howell Cigar Co. Howell City Mills Howell Cleaners & Dyers Howell Construction Co. Inc. Howell Co-op Howell Electric Light & Power Howell Motion Picture Corp. 120 97 96 98 96,98 99 97 140 51 99 95 11 BUSINESSc ont.- Howell Motors Co. Howell Motor Sales Howell Piston Co. Howell Real Estate Co. Howell Petroleum Co. Kellogg Bros. Painters Knapp & Co. Furniture Knoop Trucking Co. Kontz Motor Sales Lalce Construction Co. Inc. Livingston County Mutual Tel. Livingston County Press Loree & DamrnonG ravel Co. Manuel & Co. May & Scofield Inc. McPherson Shoe Co. McPherson & Sons McPherson store 139 99 44 94 94 97 96 99 23 140 201,203 138 319 96 140 99 33 201 Menzie Implement Co. Michigan Bell Telephone Michigan Milling Co. 168 201,202,203 Mold Release Div. Chem-Trend Monroe & Newcomb Shoes M.R.B. Hardware Myers Bros. Bakery New Venture Div. Chem-Trend Parshall Flour Co. Pearce's store Peavy Coal Co. Plastic Tool Co. of America Purdy Bakery Purdy & Woodruff Randall cut Glass Co. R & D Screw Products Schoenhals Lumber Co. Schroeder-Rutka Hardware Shaft Hotel Standard Oil Co. Standard Office Supply Swann's store Tooley Meats Terhune & Burrows City Market Unified Industries Inc. Union Hall Hotel Vancamp's Mill Wenl,'s Mill Wilson Cigar Co. Winkelhaus Flower Shop Young's City Market Cabin Cabinet maker Camp Michigan Canal 98 139 98 97,98 204 139 99 53 97 141 98 87 95 140 97 98 23 315 67 230 97 97 141 23 97,98 172 99 96 97 208 35 213 87 canoe capital Circuit League Carnegie Library Carpenter Catalpa tree Cedar lake Cedar river Cement block house Cemetery Central State Teachers college Chautaqua Chesaning, Mi. paper Chicago University Chief of Bureau of Shi~s, USN Chilson store Chi~pewa indians Christmas Tree Light "clip" Church of the Nazarene Citizens Economic & Deveopment CITIES and PLACES Adrian, Mi. Alberta, Mi . Alma, Mi. 43 181 250 94,195 66 43 87 69 17 166 156 250 250 38 87 16 140 149 95 250 85 315 Ann Arbor, Mi. Anniston, Alabama Arizona 27,32,35,178,336 Ashford, Conn. Athens, Ohio 281 152 296 296 236 166 296 Bay City, Mi. Berrien County, Mi. Boston, Mass Boulder, Colorado Brighton, Mi. 23 21,27,138,152 202,231,249 Bronson, Mi. Brooklyn, Mi. Buena Park, California 48 193 152 Buffalo, N.Y. 302 Burns township, Byron, Mi. california Shiawassee Co. 198 50,70,71,198 20, 21, 30 cape Cod, Maine cattaraugus County, N.Y. Chattanooga, Tenn. Chelsea, Mi. Chemingville, Mi. Chenango County, N.Y. Chesaning, Mi. Chicago, Illinois Chickamauga, Tenn. Chilson, Mi. Clare, Mi. Clarence, N.Y. Clearwater, Florida Cleveland, Ohio 247 31 207 30,152 30 33 66 55,244 207 48,87,140 178 57 244 249,256,296 12 CITIES and PLACESc ont.- Connecticut 139 238 52 206 296 21,27,230 Coral, Mi. Cortland CoUKttY,N .Y. Covington, Kentuck"f Cummington, Mass. Dearborn, Mi. Defiance, Ohio Delewa.!:"eC ounty, N.Y. Delta, Mi. Detroit, Mi. Dexter, Mi. Dublin, New Hampshire Durand, Mi. Dutchess County, N.Y. Eaton Rapids, Mi. Edinburgh, Scotland Ellsworth, Mi. England Fairhope, Alabama Farmington, Mi . Flint, Mi. Florida Fowlerville, Mi. Genessee County, N.Y. Georgia Germany Grand Rapids, Mi. Grand River City, Mi. Greenville, N. Y. Hamburg, Mi • Hardwick, Mass. Hartford, Conn. Highland, Mi • 69 32 208 19,20,23, 27,35 43,44,53,138,140 176,178,256,262 35 266 198 19 141 204 30 43,73 245 208,252 198,231,236 30,237 27,30,64,66 70,84,230,296 71 30 Honeyoe, N. Y. Hubbardson, Mi . Indianapolis, Indiana Ingham County,Mi. Invernesshire, Scotland Ionia, Mi. 27,204 178,228,250 208 50 86,174 25 296 56,57 33 36 138 208 32 178 57 20 23 90 Ionia County, Mi. Jackson, Mi . - Kansas 253 87 Virginia 39 Kewanee, Wisconsin K1nde, Mi. Lakeland, Mi. Langley Field, Lansing, Mi. Laurence, Kansas Lebanon, Conn. Leicaster, Vermont Livingston Center, Mi. 20,30,36,37,208 208 247 296 208 CITIES and PLACESc ont.- Livonia, Mi. Lockport, N.Y. Malott, Washington Mansfield, Conn. Massechusetts Mecklenburg, Germany Middletown, Conn. Midland, Mi. Milford, Mi. Monroe County, Mi. Monticello, N.Y. Moscow, Russia Mount Clemens, Mi . Mt. Forest, Canada Mount Pleasant, Mi. New Brunswick, N.Y. New Hudson, Mi . New Yorlc, N,Y. Norwich, Conn. Ogden, Utah Oldnawa Orange County, N.Y. Ortonville, Mi. Ossian, N.Y. Otsego County, N.Y. 30,208,231 152 296 33,208 19 296 85 27,32,56,252 296 296 19 87 204 166 19 30 32,244 296 91 21 48 152 31 25 OWosso Mi. 62,83,85,251,252,281 Parshallville, Mi. 56 Peekskill, N.Y. 296 Pennsylvania 32 Perugia, Italy 253 Pinckney, Mi. 166,178,202,244 Pontiac, Mi. 16,30,44,206 Portland, Maine 37 Richloond, Virginia 212 Rochester, N.Y. Saginaw, Mi. Salem, Mi. Washtenaw County Saline, Mi. Salisbury, Conn. San Jose, california Sewiclcley, Penn. Sharon, Conn. Shiawassee County, Mi. South Boston, Mi. Southfield, Mi. St. Charles, Mi. St. Laurence County, N.Y. SU!livan County, N.Y. Temperence, Mi. Toledo, Ohio Utica, N.Y. Vennont Vernon, Mi. Villa Parle, Illinois Walled Lake, Mi. 25 31 85 32 256 27 32 27 50 182 250 32 296 296 85 296 56 152 251 253 CITIES anc PLACESc ont.- West Bloomfield, N.Y. 33 West Branch, Mi. 30 Whitehall, Mi . Whitestown, N.Y. 296 Whitmore Lake, Mi. 86,140 White Plains, N.Y. 296 Windham, Conn. 296 Wixom, Mi. 252 Ypsilanti, Mi. 35,252 City Service station 101 Civil War 206,207,208,212,213 Clements farm 55 C & O railroad 87 COHOCTAH 88,238 Bank building 194,198 Bahk hall 194 Calf Club 197 Gun Club 194 Hotel 195 Ladies Aid 198 Livery 195 ME church 198 Phone exchange 194 Postoffice 195 Railroad depot 195 Township 30,197,246 United Brethern church 197 Village 198 Colonial worship service 149 Colored People 236 Columbia University 39 Company I, 5th Michigan Infantry 213 Conine blacksmith shop 153 Conrail 88 Contractor 260 Conway township 43,208,215 church 197 Co-op mill 30 Cornell University 257 Cowdrey's Addition 25 Cranbrook Academy of Arts 256 Cranbrook Institute 37,39 Crandall home 68,69 Croolced lake 87 Culver's Triangle Restuarant 46 Curdy farm 57 Curtiss aeroplane 302 D.A.R. 63,64 Deep sea diver 237 Deerfield tmmship . 30,56,194,198,238 Deleware & Lackawanna railroad 90 Democrat candidates 227 Demolay 229 Dentist 25 Depot 68,87,88 13 Depot Museum 64 Detroit Eastern Martet 51 Edison Co. 35 Free Press 87,88 Detroit & Howell Railroad Co. 95 Railroad directorl20 Detroit News 162,163 Detroit postmaster 161 Symphony Orchestra J 7 Detroit, Toledo & Ironton 84 Diaries 212 Dibble creek 16 Diesel train 83 Drew cemetery 55 Drew farm 55 Drowning 18 Earl lake 34 Early auto 180 Early frame house 32 Eastern Michigan University 249 Eastern Shore Art Assc. 245 Edwards Brothers Printing Co. 336 Elk Lodge building 236 Emergency Relief Conunission 62 Erb Limestone Co. 44 European exchange student 190 Fairlawn farm 52 Fire 138 First Automobile 153 First Baptist church 250 First frame building 296 First Republican governor 120 First United Methodist church 149 First white child 19 Fisher-Morgan farm 30 Florida Gulf Coast Art Center 244 Frisbee's woods 173,174 Front lake 17 Gail farm 48 Galloway house 57,305 Gas tractor 63 Geer Hall 160 Genoa Township 19,20,27,32,48,52,146 Genoa Bury Ground Association 94 Golden Gallery 249 Governor Alpheus Felch 36 Governor Groesbeck's father 36 Graham school 198,246 Grain elevator 188 Grand Central Art Galleries 244 Gray Ladies 229 Great Lakes Naval hospital 21 Greek Revival home 68,69 Green school building 67 Grocery store 53 14 Hamburg Township Hamilton' s "Maxwell" auto Handy Township Hardy farm Hartland Township village Art Council Art Show 228,287 175 25,208 50 30 161 249 249 Herriette's Doll Hospital & Sales Highlander Chorale group Highlander Way middle school Hillcrest Center 47 182 182 55,228 33 17 Dairycattle Assc.20,52 History of Howell Hockey Holstein-Fresian House House builders Howe school, District# 2 Howell 33rd Squadron C.A.P. HOWEIL Area Artist Club Baseball team Blood Center Book Club Board of Conunerce Catholic cemetery Cemetery Centennial Centennial Conunittee Central school City City Council Park Recreation Recreation Cornet Band Fire Dept. Director Dept. 19 44,55 71 297 250 44 229 250 201 146 174,175 231 4 262 23,228,281 241,260,261 314 260 260,261 125 32 High school High school 21,25,43,120,244,256,281 Band 182 Baseball team 76,181 Basketball team 181 Cheerleaders 181 Class 137,305 Football 181 Girls basketball team 182 Girls tennis team 181 Girls track 182 Golf team 182 Highlanders 181 Homecoming 18! Queen 18 : Tennis team 18 : "Torch" book 1: Track lt Wrestling team 1£ _ HOWELcLo nt.- Jaycee's Junction Lake Lake "swinuning hole" Library Masons 260 87 172 to 175 173 257 229 Mayor Melon Fest Opera House Parks Foundation Picture map Postoffice Postmaster Public schools 175,202,228,239,260 63 325 260,261,262 68 208 25 71 Recreation 251 Recreation Center Recreation Director Roller rink School district Square Dance Club Telephone exchange Township hall Hutching's Mill Ice cream parlor Ice skating Implement shop Indians Indian battle Indian village 260,262,263 230 153 :23 230 202 71 172 21 17 53,238 16 16 16 Inter State Long Distance Tel. Iosco Township Co.201 208 21 32 237 Ira Wilson & Sons Dairy Isbell fann Jaycee's Johnston House hotel Jubb building Junior Epworth League Justice of Peace "Kello" stone Kensington Park Knight Templar's Lake cemetery Lakeside Home mill LAKEVIEWce metery Lannen fann L.A.R.L. Lansing Poetry Club Law office Laughton & Henderson Libby prison 23 238 198 208 68 281 220 50 42 42 27,32,57 251,262,296 161 228 161 37 Livingston Art Association Council# 73 Masons County Ag. grounds 87 212 245 229 25 15 Livingston County Arts & Crafts 247 748,250 Co. Breeders Iwsc. 52 Co. Physical Handicapped 228 Co. Christmas Bazaar 249 Co. Clerk 25,208,246 Co. Directory 262 Co. Fair 62 Co. Fair Assc. 95 Co. Fair stoclc 238 Co. Historical Fair 63,68 Co. Historical Soc. 63,64,68 90,208,250 Co. Infinnary 15 Co. Jail 251 Co. Press 9,336 Co. Red Cross 228,229 Co. Treasurer 25 Drug store 252 Home Telephone Co. 201 Intermediate school 248 Lodge Master 33 Log cabin 172,281 house 19 school 19 store 19 tavern 19 "Loree hill" 139,140 L.O.T.T.M. Band 158 Lott's Elevator 88 Love's Corners 43 Marble works 69 Marine Corps 21 Martha Fanns 21 Marion Center school 43 Marion Township 43,48,50,5!,55,67,73 Town Hall school 43 Masonic Hall 230 Massachusetts Institute 38 McPherson 2cd Prospect Place Add. 262 Bank building 202 Browning home site 261 Subdivision 69 Melon Festival 237 Melvin House hotel 23 Methodist 198 Methodist church 44 Michael Press violin 37 Michigan Central Railroad 36 Christian Advocate paper 163 Mille Producers Assc. 52 Natural Resourse magazine 244 Production Corp 281 State college 204 State Conservation Dept. 244 State Normal college 252 Michigan State Police State Sanitarium 281 51,64 176,177 St. San. Ad.min. bldg.176,178 St. San. Beard 176,178 St. San. farm house 176 St. San library 178 St. San. "shacks" 176,178 St. San. wa,;:Jon 1 78 Sta te Telephone Co. 201 State University 21,37,51 University 231, 244 37,38,1 7.0 175,251, 253 University faculty 36 Mi ll 50 Mills house 45 Minister 56 M.I.T. University 39 Monroe homestead 251 Montgomery catalog 153 Monuments 69 Mystic Shrine 229 My Trip to Cohoctah 238 Nancy DeGraff Toll chapter DAR 290 National Assc. of Physic Handicapped 228 National Honor Society New England Violin Ma}~ers New York Police Dept. Noma Lites Assc. 181 37 35 140 87 84 35 Nordica cottage Norfolk & Western Railroad Northwest Territory Oak Grove village Band Circuit Elevator Hotel 30,53,61,88,153 153 198 153 153 Methodist church Parsonage "swimming hole" 161 153 156 Oakland University 256 Oceola Township O.E. S. Ohio University Old cabin on Marr road Coal chutes Courthouse Howell cemetery Howell House Howell Postoffice McPherson Bank Public square 16,30,32,35,44 56,57,67,72,73 246 249 15,305 305,385 262 32 68 262 238 25 Wooden Catholic school 241 16 Old's Motor Works Ollie Merithew Day Orchard Organist Oregon State colleg e Osman "hill" Outdoor Summer Show owasso Argus paper Ox team Pachner School of Art Paddocl( Photo Galler y Page Field Painter Paintings 284 228 16,18 246 34 86 246 250 208 244 201 181,182 36 36 Panhandle Easter Pipeline Co. Parker's woods 88 15 Parshallville Mills 97,98 Parson farm Paul Bennett Day Paul Bennett Wrestling Pearce grist mill Pearce store 52 260 Invitational 181 153 Peavy & Purdee, performers Pellerlin & Daubresse Peter The Great of Russia Photographers Pilot "Pink" school district Pine Lake Settlement Plank road Plessland Dairy Politician 153 34 262 19 38,251,262 237 198 208 68 20,21 50 Portage Trails Boy Scout Postmaster Council 234 Pratt Institute 50,68,195,215 247 Phillip Livingston chapter DAR 161 166 269 Poets 161 to Porath & Sons Contractors "Potato Bug" train Presbyterian church parsonage President President Martin Van Buren Prince of Peace Lutheran church "Privv" Probate, Juvenile Court Prohibition Prosecuting Attorney Racoon coat Recreation Center "Ready Mix" concrete Reed-Knowles farm Revolutionary War soldiers Riddle cemetery Rocky Ridge Dairy farm Rotary Club Royal Arch Masons# 30 153 238,325 33 208 35 147 68 218 238 238 256 248 139 52 296 56,57 51 238 229 ROADS M-59 Antcliff Beck Bigelow Bower Byron Cedar Lake Chilson Coon Lake County Farm CUrdy Dieterle Eager Euler Faussett Fisher Fisk Gannon Grand River Greene Hicks Jewell Kiddle Latson Mason Michigan Ave. Norton Oak Grove Old Grand Owosso Peavy Pinckney Pingree Sanford Sexton Vines Rubinoff River Saginaw property Salvation Army Saw mill 44,47,88 197 27 114 44 30,69,70,71,161,249 51,54,55 289 66 55 60 139 44,50 27 53 60 152 197 13,21 50 53 51,54 152 55 44,139,140,152 23,44,69,72,120,139 140,203,237,266,319 55 44 295 74,75 152 44,66,73,152,239 66,67,73 53 152 67 37 206 147 296,314 School director Scott Presbyterians Sears catalog 53 33 153 149 16 Senior Adult Retreat group Shawnee Indians Sheriff 40 Shiawassee river Shoemaker Sieben Corp. Skilbeck house 16,55,87,296 32,44 34 44 Skorski dance studio Smith Silo Co. Society of Arts and Crafts Soldiers & Sailors Association Song-Line Foundation 231 136 246 291 175 17 Southwest school Spanish American War Spring Valley farm Sprung town Square Dance Festival St. George Lutheran cemetery church 230,248 237 59 315 230 19 19 St. John Episcopal 246 Stage coach driver Stage line Staley farm State Centennial farm State Highway Commission State Representative Steele's Cove Stoclcs Stone house Strawberry Plains team STREETS Barnard Center Court East Factory Fleming Fowler Gay 166 70 30 35 81 38 16 94,95 72 30 87 32 23,69,70 120 23 138 241 44,140 262 Grand River Ave. 23,27,28,34 46,68,70,76,77,140 201,202,230,241,296,298 Higgins 120 Hubbell 262 Isbell 262 Lake 172 Larch 154 Livingston 44 National 44,45 Sibley 32,44,69,70,72,238,239,319 Spring 166 State 44,45 Swann Court 34 Walnut 19,30,63,69,139,228,262,296 Washington 28,262 Stumptown 17 swimming hole 16 Teacher 60,70,124,125,126 153,161,208,239,249,252 "The Rich Slave" movie 281 Thompson lake Tire store Toledo-Ann Arbor depot 15,16,17,18,314 67 63 Toledo, Ann Arbor & Northern Mich.R.R Toledo Blade paper Toll gate Teamsters Union Telephone 86 38 63 140 51,201,202,203 Touch -tone telephone Trolley Tuberculosis Tubb's property U.S. Depart. of Agriculture U.S. Navy Academy Van Keuren creek fann house Veteran's Hospital Violin maker V.J. Day V.J. Day parade Wabash railroad Waddell Post# 120 Waldenwoods Wall Street broker Walnut St. Methodist church War of 1812 Wayne State University w.c.T.u. 202 141 176 281 51 38 35 35 35 21 251 21 100 83,85 291 230 257 162 31 206 237,238 18 Weimeister block Weimeister-Young house Western Reserve College Whipple Addition Whipple Second Addition Wilcox farm "Wild Cat" bank money Wild game Willis Gallery Wisconcin Evan. Lutheran Synod Wolves 262 57,305 257 25,68 25 44 208 16 256 147 208 Womens Christian Temperance Union Women doctor 237 240 249 153 Wooden Indian craft shop Wood's store Wright's Corners Wright's Corners, Church of God York Rite Masonry Young At Heart Club Young People's Alliance Youth Center Ypsilanti State Normal College 66 147 229 246 297,305 103 161,250 Note Extra information that can be shown with the item. Such as how to get a physical copy of the item. Use the Windows Snipping Tool to capture the area of the document you want to save. If you want multiple pages printed please see staff to print the pages you want. <a href="https://howelllibrary.org/technology/#print" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the library's printing information.</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Howell Bicentennial History 1776-1976 Photo Supplement (Part 2 of 2) Pages 177-336 plus index Description An account of the resource The Howell, Michigan Bicentennial History Supplement 1776-1976 Part 2 of 2. Pages 177-336 plus index <ul> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/241">View Bicentennial History Part 1</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/242">View Bicentennial History Part 2</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/243">View Bicentennial History Part 3</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/244">View Photo Supplement Part 1</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/245">View Photo Supplement Part 2</a></li> </ul> Subject The topic of the resource History Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No Copyright - United States Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jaehnig, D.L. ed Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The American Revolution Bicentennial Committee, City of Howell Michigan Type The nature or genre of the resource Text history https://archives.howelllibrary.org/files/original/b495aa22e5beaefd734964c22711fe28.pdf 0826ddc74fcd7d9c08467dee20e8b19d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books - Local History Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Hidden Search Text Enter Search Text that is always hidden except to edit. ublished by the American Revolution Bicentennial Committee, City of Howell, Michigan Photographic Supplement 1776 The Howell Bicentennial History 1776-1976 Written and prepared by Howell residents past and present 1976 The Howell Bicentennial History Photographic Supplement The Howell Bicentennial History Photographic Supplement David L. Jaehnig, Executive Editor Arlene Lamoreaux, Coordinating Editor, Co-Chairman Mike Hagman, Co-Chairman Dennis Mowry, Business Manager Cliff Heller, Consulting Editor Janet Rohrbacher, Consulting Editor Duane Zemper, Consulting Editor of Photography Published by The American Revolution Bicentennial Committee, City of Howell, Michigan First Edition Ah! Relaxing on the front porch with a good book . Bicentennial Chairman David L. Jaehnig is a Michigan State University graduate , B.A ., M.A. and advanced graduate work . He is married and has two children, and has lived in Howell for more than three years, serv i ng as the editor of the Livingston County Press . He is a former college professor and magazine editor , and a Michigan native . He is the manager and president of the board of the 5th Michigan Regiment Band . Bicentennial Secretary Arlene Burdick Lamoreaux was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, she married Richard Lamoreaux in 1951 and they have seven children, Michael, Timothy, Anne, Kathleen , Amy , Daniel and David . She moved to Howell in 1972. Richard has been employed in radio and television and works for Paperworks Systems. Printed in the United States of Amer ica . Inquiries concerning this work should be addressed to the Howell Bicentennial Committee, 402 S. Michigan , Howell, Michigan 48843. Published First Edition , November, 1975 by The American Revolut ion Bicentennial Committee, City of Howell , Michigan. Bicentennial Emblem Winner Howell Sophomore , Bill Kenney, son of Mr . and Mrs . William M . Kenney Jr . of Howell , won the Howell Bicen . tenn ial Emblem Contest in the Howell area . Kenney ' s emblem was top choice from some 800 entries . It will be reproduced for use on stationery, posters and advertising material for the city of Howell . Mike Hagman was born June 4th, 1919 in Howell, Mich . He attended the South Mich . Ave . School, kindergarten thru twelfth grade . He served thirty three months in the U .S. Army . He bought the Service Station at 202 N . Mich . Ave. January 1, 1946. He married the forme r Ruby Dennis in May, 1947, has three children, Sheryl Underwood, Daryl and Michael. Bicentennial Vice Chairman Dennis 0 . Mowrey was born 1941, raised and schooled in Lincoln Nebraska . He married Celesta Criswell , has two children , Danette and Darren . In business with his father till 1966, joined H . Kohnstomm Co. Inc . in 1972, transfered to Michigan . Wanting to be involved in his new community he joined the Howell Jaycees , of which he has the pleasure of being President this year . Still furthering his community interest , he joined with the Howell Bicentennial Commission to help celebrate our country's 200th Birthday . Bicentennial Treasurer Bicentennial Trustee Duane L . Zemper, E .M .U. '42, Yale Univ . '43. On 4 All ·American teams as a distance runner . Taught and coached high school , instructor of Physics . E .M.U ., Metalurgica! Engineer . Married Tillie Reiner, daughter of Eric Reiner of Howell , '43. Europe WWII as Photo Officer . He bought Nelson Studio in Howell , Jan . 1946. Three times top state photographer. State President of Professional Photography of Michigan 60. Named top Portra it Photographer in United States '66 . State President of Michigan Society of Photographers , ' 70. Forward Where do we go froin here? As I reviewed the Howell history book, on which the Bicentennial Committee has done such a beautiful job, I got a tremendous amount of enjoyment. A State Bicentennial official recently stated to me that this book was the finest book of its type he has seen printed by any community in the U.S.A. One conclusion that I drew while reading the book was the feeling that its people really cared about people. While you could read about one problem or disaster after another, you could also read about a person or group who would rise to the occasion and help solve the problem. Fun, friendship and pride seemed to be a real part of the people. The Bicentennial Committee, wanting to update the first edition and create a photo supplement, asked me to comment on the topic "Where do we go from here." In trying to answer this I asked several people the same question and have received about as many different answers as the number of people I asked. I find it hard to speculate on the future of a country, community or people. I do feel the many problems our country has faced the past few years and will face in the future will challenge us all. I have always believed in the freedom of people and that people in a free society produce better when they are challenged . My involvement with people everywhere but particularly in the Howell area has helped me discover how many community-minded people live here. The concern, interest and friendliness of our people seem to be the real strength of this community. I would love to start naming all the people who have made this community what it is both in the past and in the present, but the fear of missing many names prevent it. As long as people volunteer their time and talent to make living better for other people, our future has to be brig ht. This is the answer to "where do we go from here" in my opinion. With people like this living in our community, we will continue to be the friendly and beautiful community we have all come to know and love. JAMES YOUNG Mayor, City of Howe I I 5 A Message from President Gerald Ford ,-y;,.-, H,,(, ~[/"! vf} {0q.:f l, !\ { iclt iprut , , , I h Hi t{rl'r,..·:l 1, -w, i, ;,'"J,;1, '1, Ut.:5t ,. rsl,( .·.s, L Congratulations to Howell and Livingston County on your Bicen - tennial celebration . Kerry Kammer State Senator 17th District My congratulations to Howell and to Livingston County as you celebrate our Bicentennial year . It is a time for each of us to reexamine and reaffirm the best of our traditions and to move forward in the great American spirit to plan the third century of our existence as a nation . We have much to offer and much to gain as a people if we work together . Livingston County represents the main strength of our system and I am hopeful that your Bicentennial celebration in 1976 will be a most fruitful experience. I am proud to be serving as your Congressman during this important year . Warm regards, M. Robert Carr Member of Congress Congratulations on your fine effort to bring back Howell of yesterday. Senator Philip Hart As a member of the Michigan Bicentennial Commission I ex - tend my warmest wishes to Howell and Livingston County and that the spirit of '76 remain strong in this area and the coming years . Gilbert Bursley State Senator 18th District Introduction Welcome to the Photographic Supplement to the Howell Bicentennial History. This volume is intended as a completion of the original History, adding hundreds of historic pictures of the Howell area to the thousands of words appearing in the first work. The supplement is not intended to stand alone, although much of the material is interesting and significant in its own right. Instead, it is meant to add information on families, events and organizations to that already published. We urge readers of this supplement who have not examined the original history to obtain that work as wel I. Again, this is the work of hundreds of area residents . They have scoured their attics, scrapbooks and family archives for outstanding pictures and stories about the Howell area. Most importantly, they have deluged Photographic Archivist Duane Zemper with their finds, and the success of the book has rested extensively on Zemper's shoulders. As you all will be able to see, Zemper has done a remarkable job. Assisting him closely were the wonderful enthusiasts of the first book, including former mayor and local historian Cliff Heller, American Revolution and D.A.R. researcher and writer Mrs. Albert Rohrabacher, and the originator of the entire history book concept, Mrs. Richard Lamoreaux. The corrections and additions to the first book appear in this supplement, in so far as they were brought to our attention. Again, great credit must be given to the composition and photographic staff of the Livingston County Press. A list of their staff appears on the last page of this work. This supplement was a labor of love in a community of love and history . It would not have been possible without two behind -thescenes workers who did the dirty work . . . the bookkeeping and handling of the books, Bicentennial Vice Chairman Mike Hagman and Bicentennial Treasurer, Dennis Mowrey. For all of those who worked on the book, we wish the Howell community a Bicentennial year of history, tradition, and appreciation . Fashionable gals on a picnic and a big date . David L. Jaehnig, Chairman American Revolution Bicentennial Committee City of Howell, Michigan and Executive Editor, Howell Bicentennial History Photographic Supplement 9 \ •• From 1898 to 1909 the August Krause family lived in this house on West Grand River in Howell Township. Krause and some of the kids appear in the picture ; .. Howell Is History The clothes were always so white and clean smelling when dried out in the sun. The E1nbers' Heritage FOREWORD This little monograph is dedicated to the scattered few who remember the once well-worn path to the swimming hole and the picture of an old orchard on the hillside, the enchantment of the lake's lily-filled coves and pebbled beaches, the allseasons ' lure of stumptown and the old-time winters' neverfailing gift of perfect ice along the cemetery shore. In particular, it is dedicated to my boyhood chum, Tar Barbour, whose muzzle-loading army musket was much longer than the one I shouldered but it couldn't kick so hard nor spread its load so wide. To him and to other old-timers, much of the lake's former glamour and appeal would be missing. The swimming hole hill, a rough but ready-made toboggan slide, has been cut into and its noble proportions thrown out of balance. The peninsula, the lake's distinguishing landmark, where yellow warblers and sandpipers once nested and where, in late summer, robins by the hundreds came at the day's ending, has been "improved" and taken over by summer cottages. The north cove, beloved of teal and mallard, knows them no more and Parker's woods, where we hunted squirrel, is now the habitat of the year-round registrants of the County Infirmary, known in Will Carleton's day as the Poor House. Well, if they get one-half of the enjoyment out of that ancient hunting ground that we did in a bygone day, they are far luckier than most of those who come, in time, to direct their faltering steps along the devious paths of adversity. Lately, I stood, again, where a certain old apple tree, prophetically , had so often scattered its leaves over the hillside, and thought upon the erstwhile, rare companionship of one who loved the woods and the hills and the gleaming waters between. He said little but smiled easily and often, and it was my happy privilege to teach him, as a young lad, how to swim and what I knew of hunting and fishing. But, with time's passing, tragic days overtook and overwhelmed him and never, by lake or river's margin nor among upland game coverts, will I meet his footsteps again . There is a hallowed spot on the bluff above the lake, whose waters, on carefree ventures, he and I had so often cruised together, and there he is sleeping away the years where the patient sod holds communion with the ageless stars that will look down upon his abiding place until the last day. For him, till then, a dreamless sleep. Peace to his ashes . Letzter Heller February, 1940. In the embers' "Gold of Ophir," Once, a sturdy, hillside tree, Appear familiar scenes and faces Through Mem'ry's magic alchemy . We fare, again, on youthful ventures , By trails we followed long ago, Across the lake to beckoning hilltop, To wintry woods and fields of snow. We live, once more, past , fleeting summers And hear, again, Springs' wakening call; The mellow, hunting days of autumn- Our fireside dreams review them all. THE OPEN FIRE By EMIL ERNST BODE At the last , it had been a broken and weatherbeaten old apple tree , a landmark known to four generations, that had been planted with its fellows by pioneer Moses Thompson in a time before the memory of living man. One of a scattered group of neglected and almost forgotten trees, bearing oldfashioned apples : Ben Davis and Winesap, Sheepsnose and Bellflower, Gravenstein and Winter Russet , this particular tree stood at a high point overlooking the lake, with a commanding view of the grove at the south, the peninsula and the woods beyond, the island floating in the middle distance , and, on the far horizon, the hills of Oceola. During the years of its long life, it had absorbed , along with its toll of the soil and its share of the sunshine, the dew and the ra in, some of the very life and spirit of the lake. It knew when the first hepatica were in bloom and where the pungent and tender young wintergreen leaflets could be found. From its high stand , it could see the blue patches of lupine over on the peninsula and sense where, in the quiet waters beyond, the great snakelike roots of the water lily, lying in the primal ooze at the bottom of the lake, sent up their immaculate , flawless blossoms to float upon its surface. In those far-away years of its early life, much of the surrounding country was still covered with timber, teeming with wild life. The howling of wolves was a not unfamiliar sound and not all the bears had retreated before the settler and his rifle, an occasional one coming down to seek the cooling waters of the lake and, in early summer , to scoop up hapless sunfish off their spawning beds in the shallows near shore. In still earlier times it had been a common runway and crossing for both elk and deer and not a few of the latter still came down out of the woods at the west, crossed the pioneer trail-road, sought temporary sanctuary in the dense stand of tamaracs in the swamp, to make their way, finally, through the heavy timber to the lake, once a favorite stand of the Indian, armed with bow and arrows, lying in wait for his quarr y coming down to drink. Even in that early day, before its shallow outlet had been dammed, the present north arm of the lake was a deep and sizable body of water, which deer , on the move, either swam or circled by way of the island, then but a projection of the mainland , swimming the narrow channel between there and the farther shore. In the fall, great flocks of that matchless game bird, the wild turkey , roamed the nearby woods for acorns and those farther to the west for beechnuts and, with every returning spring, flocks of passenger pigeons came , as late as the 70's, literally by the millions, to loiter for a day or two on their way to their nesting grounds in the great forests around Petoskey . Today, neither in Michigan nor anywhere on this earth is there a single living survivor of that host whose numbers once darkened the skies and the sound of whose flight was like the roar of a storm. Once, in the late summer, when the new orchard was but a year or two old, a file of Indians appeared coming out the woods, crossed the little clearing and came on up the hill. They were following a centuries old trail that had its beginnings far to the southwest, in Ohio, led up past the "old crooked tree ," one of many such trail markers found by pioneer woodsmen, crossed the shallows at the north end of the lake, turned and took its way over hill and dale to the Huron country , far to the northeast. They were a chosen band of Shawnees, from below the line, and were bound for the still virgin forest country a sun's travel beyond the little village of Pontiac , where they would join many of their blood relatives from among the Sacs, Hurons and Wyandots in a series of ceremonial dances lasting many days. Here with both wood 16 and water available were many inviting spots offering a camping place for the night but they tarried not for there was a well-founded Indian tradition that here , in the once thick cover at the end of the lake and on the higher ground to the east , a mighty battle had once been fought to a decisive ending. A great war party had come down out of the north, attacked the defenders of the Indian village located here and in the ensuing battle, many braves on both sides had fallen, their spirits still roaming this once happy hunting ground. The truth of this legend was attested by those, who, in later years tilled those sandy acres for a meagre reward but who never failed to garner a bountiful harvest of arrowheads , year after year , when plowing that historic ground. These flint and obsidian heads were of two types and among them was found a spearhead of copper, hardened by some process unknown today, proving beyond a doubt that the members of that ancient war party were Chippewas from the Straits country or from the far off shores of Superior. And so this band of Shawnees kept on in the gathering twilight until they came to the park-like glade, where that little stream , now called Dibble Creek, comes in from the east to join the larger one from the lake that flows northward to merge its waters with those of the Shiawassee. There , under the stately and venerable oaks, they made camp and ate sparingly , for they traveled light. Later , during the great ceremonials , there would be much feasting . Neither kin, nor any of those who had dispossessed them, came to light a pipe at that campfire but a great horned owl, cruising wide on questing wings, sent them greeting . At long ago first , the tree heard little but the sounds of nature, the songs of birds , the cry of the loon, the scream of the hawk, and, in the velvet hush of the night, a fox's bark or the far-echoing howl of wolves. It listened to the soft patter of rain on the lake's surface in summer and to the rumbling protest of its ice-burdened waters in winter ; but in good time , the lake 's never-failing drama was enacted within plain view of the fruit bearer on the hill. It became a silent witness of the carefree pastimes of old and young and of bitter and purposeless tragedy . Men rowed out on its placid waters to spend hours in pleasant idleness and, from early spring until late summer , an endless procession of boys with fishpoles on shoulders followed the winding path along the shore or hurried by on their way to the swimming hole, that mecca of enchantment where the town boys and the country lads, the well born and the poor, the daring and the cowardly, the white and the black and all others met on an equal footing to seek refreshing ablution or an hour's frolic. Incidentally , every true believer , before taking the initial plunge, performed a certain preliminary and time-honored ritual , the efficacy of which as a preventive of swimmer 's cramp was never questioned. One warm and still moonless night in spring , three young men came down to the lake by the path over the pinnacle , and unlocked a wide heavy boat chained to a leaning willow. They put out from shore and when the flaring light of a fishing jack lit up nearby waters and the trees along the peninsula , a black-haired , athletic fellow, armed with a many tined spear, took his place in the bow and they headed for Steel's Cove, considered the best spearing ground of the lake. That same night and on other such nights during the years to come, boats similarly accoutred and manned pulled away from shore, in pursuit of a sport that had a fascination of its own, hard to describe, and a lure hard to resist. During those irrecoverable years when Life still moved along to an unhurried tempo, the lake had become the recreational center of the community . Boats and, in time, canoes plied its waters from the time of spring's first greening until chill and somber November 's shortening days ; and in the long twilight hours of summer, they who were in love with life and they who were in love with each other, knew the magic of its moon-silvered waters , where Night spread her glittering mantle of glamorous pattern and gemmed with myriad stars . Then were heard again, Stars of the Summer Night, Moonlight On The Lake, Juanita , and snatches of old songs and ballads that the listening tree had heard on other moonlight nights, melodies sung by unknown and forgotten voices whose harmonies echoed back from the receding shores of Time. One summer afternoon , two boys came down to the lake, undressed in the deserted grove, rowed out and dove off the end of their boat-a favorite sport.Thereupon Fate , envious and unkind, took a hand. A treacherous puff of wind came across the waters and a freshening breeze hurried their boat toward the farther shore too fast to overtake . They turned back to the nearer shore where they had left their clothes and one of them reached that haven without mishap , but from its distant hillside an old apple tree saw the reach of a drowning hand and caught the questioning, disillusioned look of a face we once knew. On winter nights, the tree heard the ring of the skater's steel and saw the cheerful gleam of bonfires on the nearby shore or in distant windless cove. The tyro on skates, in hopeless admiration , watched some expert do the Figure Eight or the Dutch Roll; but the wizard, who, nonchalantly and with the greatest of ease , could describe the intricacies of the single and double Grapevine 's maze was the envy of all. In earlier years , pull-away was the standard ice game, hockey coming in later . Between games , they skated endless miles, down to the mill, down to stumptown, around to front lake, down to the mill again and so back to the bonfire on the shore by the grove. Skiing, a sport of Norway and Canada, had not yet come into its own here but every hill that ran down to the lake offered a suitable runway for coaster or toboggan and the swimming hole pinnacle was the king of them all. One always remembered winter 's night, the "old gang" of that period had made the usual circuit of the lake for a last time, to come back once more to gather round the nearly burned out bonfire built by that great rock, of gruesome history, resting there on the shore below the cemetery . The hour grew late and the town boys left for their homes but a lad who lived down by the mill, loath to quit the perfect ice, soon to be covered by the snow predicted by the weatherwise , accompanied them around to Front Lake, to return alone and sit for a spell beside the dying embers . High and aloof rode the gibbous moon, encircled by a huge, sinister appearing ring and darkened again and again by the uneasy clouds that hurried across its face. The echoing calls and shouts of the skaters and the tintinnabulation of their steel-shod feet had long since died away and, except for a vague and eerie whispering, sensed rather than heard, a vast and unreal silence had settled down over lake and field and wooded hill. Then, a chilling breath , unlike any ever felt before, bore in upon the watcher by the fire; a strange , prickling sensation coursed the length of his spine and each separate hair of his head, literally and truly , stood on end. Without a single backward glance, he pushed himself to his feet and with no conscious attempt to hurry , but hoping only to neither trip nor stumble , he casually but purposefully went away from there to head for the lower end of the lake and home. The old trees in the orchard witnessed the flight of the wraithlike form of a skater and of another that , like a shadow, fared silently ahead , both quickly lost in the swirl of flakes that ushered in the heaviest snowfall of the winter . And a certain lad surveyed the thick blanket of white that covered the countryside next morning, with a strange and deep content ; it promised , in that day, weeks of uninterrupted sleighing and coasting and the probable end of skating till another year. There came a New Year 's day, something more than fifty years ago, when the whole lake was one marvelous glare of solid ice and nearly everyone who skated or ever had skated , helped to swell the greatest crowd of pleasure-seekers that had ever come together on the lake. Old-timers, who hadn't been on the ice in years , except perhaps to fish, caught the spirit of that day and ventured forth to live, again , an hour or two of boyhood. Fred Preston and Will Pelton , flawless performers , remembered all the old fancy figures, and Sid and Frank Cooper, who had turned up and strapped on their old-style "wooden-bottoms," narrow-bladed skates of an even then obsolete pattern , did things on the ice that none of the younger generation could duplicate . A free-for-all, so-called hockey game was organized and everyone, with a love of adventure or with a drop of sporting blood coursing through his veins, entered the lists. The hockey stick of the period was usually of hickory, with somewhat trimmer lines than those of a baseball bat but with a formidable knob at the end that gave it the general air pearance and all-round efficiency of an oversize Indian war club. The puck in use, on this particular occasion, was a maple croquet ball and whether a knight enrolled under the suppositious Green Shamrock colors of husky, Irish Ed Shields or followed the imaginary Red Rose banner of rangy , English Fred Titus, he assumed all the hazards and every now and then he found his armour woefully inadequate . Incidentally , to be among the first ones chosen was a bit of preferment secretly coveted but nonchalantly accepted and was, in itself, considered no small honor. The game started off with nearly every player in motion and when hickory met maple, the ball not infrequently hurtled through the air like round shot from a cannon's mouth and it was then every man for himself. A superb shot by Butter Pate scalped the crown from the Sunday derby of some now-forgotten warrier , who passed a solicitous hand over his miraculously unblemished features and thereupon called it a day. Darby Arnold took a crisp half swing at the rolling pellet and connected neatly with Pompey Lewis, who had coasted swiftly within Darby 's orbit , unpredicted and unannounced. Jim Shields snared a short spinning poirup with one hand and crossed up the opposition with a purely inspirational heave, rolling the ball straight and true for one of the few goals of this hectic and historic game . In the vociferous debate that ensued, Jim , as usual, more than held his own, quoting freely from a rule book of which, it developed later , he possessed the only copy. Two forwards , making a simultaneous dash for the puck, collided midway like a pair of battering rams ; one to withdraw with a sprained ankle, the other to regain his normal , active senses hours later , to find himself with a badly swollen jaw and several loosened teeth , idly skating by himself on a seldom frequented part of the lake, with no recollection of the haphazard route by which he had arrived there and the major events of the afternoon a blank. There followed other incidents and lesser casualties which Time, relentless and uncaring , has erased from the pages of memory. Through all that memorable afternoon, the clash of club against club and the crash of body against body resounded from shore to shore. The sun lingered to view the strange pattern made by the whirling, darting forms of many skaters and reluctantly moved on to other scenes , leaving the old tree on the hill to watch over the field. One by one the wearied , surviving contestants left the ice, limping homeward to nurse bruised faces , skinned knuckles and battered shins, but to review, with deep satisfaction, some valiant save or brilliant assist on an occasion when the race was altogether to the swift and the battle entirely to the strong. 17 Happy days! Not all of them. One holiday morning, a boy appeared in the channel between the island the point, skating alone, and the old tree waved its branches in warning for it knew of the trap laying there in wait for the feet of the unwary. Perhaps it was but a passing breeze, but if so it was fanned by the wings of Death. Up there, where the shallows drop off into the depths, a patch of water, kept open by a perverse and vagrant wind, had frozen over only the night before and young and friendly Charley Tunnard coasted out on its inviting glare. Nobody knows how long he fought off the numbing chill of the water and we can only guess at the desperate hopelessness of his efforts, but a certain voiceless witness far down the lake heard his last despairing call for help and saw his last futile clutch slip off the ice's mocking edge. The years passed by and while the panorama of life on the lake and around its shores was unrolled before it, the tree lived its own life. It withstood the heat and the storms of summer, the snow and the icy blasts of winter. The sun of seed-time and harvest, the moon that came up from behind the distant woods, and the shifting constellations of the seasons found it anchored to its accustomed place, leaning over the old rail fence that staggered up the hill from the lake. But like men and the flowers of the field, the trees of woodland and of orchard, sooner or later, wither and decay. One spring the old tree put forth a valiant display of blossoms and nurtured a last single branch full of apples, but when verdant May came again, the robins, bluebirds and orioles that in years past had sought food, a home or sanctuary among its branches, found it gone and soon to become, like him who planted it and like them who followed after to gather its fruit, only a fleeting memory. And so, in time, a portion of the old tree found its way to my fireplace and these and other scenes and incidents appeared in the open fire before me. In that most companionable book Emil Ernst Bode 18 CAMP-FIRES AND GUIDE-POSTS, Henry Van Dyke devoted a chapter to Fireside Views and wrote knowingly of fires for various purposes, how to build them, and which kinds of wood to use. "Old apple-wood burns cleanly, brightly, serenely, with a delicate and spicy fragrance. The flames bloom softly over logs; they play around them and dance above them with shifting colors of canary yellow, and pale blue, and saffron; they send unwavering pennons of pure golden light, which sink down again into fringes of mellow radiance. Deeper and deeper the transforming element sinks into the heart of the log, which still keeps its shape, an incandescent round, silvered with a fine white ash ; until at last the stick breaks and crumbles into glowing coals, of a color which no words can describe. It is like the petals of a certain rose, whose tint I remember and which, I have been told, bears that perfect name, Gold of Ophir. So the lovely ruins of the old apple tree lie heaped upon the hearth, and over them flow tiny ripples of azure and mauve and violet flame, lower and lower, fainter and fainter, till all does down into gray, and the tree has rendered its last offering of beauty and service to man ." Thus wrote the Doctor, a wise as well as a learned man. He knew the ways of men and of nature and, among many other things that which gave him the most satisfaction, how to build a fire. And, in the heart of that old pioneer apple tree, I too saw the glow of that matchless rose he knew and I saw, also, the gold and scarlet of hickory, sumac and maple in October's mellow sunlight, the golden haze of Indian Summer, and lived, again, the golden years of youth that had slipped away and retreated through the woods across the lake and behind the once beckoning hills of Oceola. "Wahrlich, hinter jedem Berg leigt unsere Jugend." The wood of the old tree blazed and glowed in cheerful, final usefulness. I watched the last blazing ember burn to ashes and the deepened shadows of the room became peopled with the ghosts of yesterday. Jerome W. Hand born April 30, 1836 in Livingston County, New York. Elma Coonradt born July 13, 1835 in New Brunswick, New York. They were married October 14, 1857 at Farmington, Mich. They were early Howell settlers . 1865 Jerome enlisted in Co. 2, 22nd. Michigan Infantry. Fought in battles of Mission Ridge, Lookout Mountain and Chickamaugua. They built a home at 421 S. Walnut Street, Howell where they lived until death . The Pless Family and Their Pioneer Neighbors In 1834T homas Pinckney, and his wife Abigail, came from Dutchess County, New York to the area that was to become known as Genoa Township. They were the fifth in locating land, and first to settle , and to build a log house, and among the first to build a frame barn. The first white child to be born in Genoa was born in that log house. The Grand River Indian Trail ran through their farm , but it had not been cleared for wagon travel , and travelers used blaze marks on trees to guide them . The Pinckneys stayed there until 1838. They had sold an acre to Lawrence Euler , and he built a log store , the first business venture in the area, and called it the Dutch Grocery. Pinckneys had also sold two acres to Lewis Dorr , who built a frame house, barn and blacksmith shop there in 1838. In the next three years the farm was sold to Ellis Luther , then to Sarah Hunt, who married Nathan Cook, and they sold it back to Ellis Luther, and he bought out Lewis Dorr. In 1841, Ellis Luther sold the 159 acres to Henry Andrew Pless , and his wife, Maria . They had been living in Detroit for two years. They and their ten children, all under 15 years old moved into the house Lewis Dorr built, and that house sheltered five generations of the Pless family for the next thirteen decades. At that time in the wilderness this location was considered better than most . The Dutch Grocery , and the first log school house were nearby , and Lucius Peet had built a log tavern across from the school. The St. George Lutheran Society was organized and the first church was built a half mile south of the trail in 1845. Several families in the neighborhood were charter members , including such well known names in Genoa as : Baetcke , Bauer , Bode, Behrens , Beurmann , Crasman , Conrad, Dorr , 3 Eulers , Engel, Hatsfield , Hyne, Haecker, Hartman , Opel, Pless , Suhr , Seiman, Westphal, Weichers and Winters . They were led by Fredrick Schmid, a pioneer churchman from Ann Arbor, Rev . E. A. Buek, and Pastor Meyer , the last two were retired Lutheran ministers , who settled in Genoa. In addition , a host of other pioneer families soon became members, or attended church there , including : Becker , Bremer , Birkenstock , Damman , Dankers , Dingler , Funch , Faulk , Fick , Fischer , Fink , Foland , George, Gerkin , Grostick , Hunter , Hazard , Herbst , Krebs , Larson , Martin , Marschner , Musch, Mackenroth , Neverth , Neuendorf , Pfau , Pipp , Ratz , Rancher , Riedel , Risch , Romer , Scheonhals , Schmidt , Seim, Scholdt, Stricker , Schwienberg , Stuible, Steinmetz , Steinacker , Truhn , Vogelsberg, Struhrberg , Wagonknecht, Webber, Waltz, Weimeister , Winklehouss, Whenes and some probabl y have been overlooked. The majorit y of the foregoing names can be found on headstones in that original St. George Lutheran Churchyard cemetery , where they are resting from their labors , peacefully and faithfully awaiting the resurrection . Henry Andrew Pless was born , ra ised, and educated in Mecklenburg , in northern Germany . He went to Moscow, Russia where he operated a chemical business , and several of his children were born there . During the cholera epidemic in Moscow he performed so many deeds of mercy that through a general , Peter the Great authorized the presen- 19 Plessland Originator Frederick E. Pless and Elizabeth A. Grostic, married December 10, 1890. This picture possibly taken about five years later . They were parents of Louis, Harlow, Harriett and Frederick . Their home was midway between Howell and Brighton in the original Henry Andrew Pless homestead. Pless was a member of the Holstein Fresian Association and his large herd was registered under the name of Plessland. tation of a Golden Eagle in front of his house of business , a significant mark of honor. Due to political pressure and high taxes put on foreigners in Russia , he returned to Germany , soon after removed to Detroit, and then to Genoa, where he spent his last 35 years , and his wife Maria , lived there for 44 years. They had had no experience in farming , and their survival had to depend on using funds they had intended to put into a business, and on the energy and determination of the children , especially the two oldest boys Lewis and Andrew, aged 12 and 11 respectively . Those two boys put off marriage until the other children were quite grown up. However, they were away from the farm when Lewis went to California to prospect for gold, and when Andrew returned to Germany to attend school there . Both were glad to get back home. The girls married , and all but one left the area , three spent the remainder of their lives in Lansing, one sister and brother went first to Jackson and then on to California, the other brother died at home at the age of twenty-six. Lewis married Julia George, and Andrew married Margaret Euler , both were the daughters of nearby pioneers . In 1861, Lewis and Andrew bought the farm from their parents , and divided it. In the following years they each 20 Henry Andrew Pless, 1788-1876. Maria Louise ( Klessonl Pless, 1801-1885. added acres and buildings. By 1890, Lewis and Andrew had accumulated about 560 acres, and Andrew had two sets of farm buildings. Lewis turned his acres over to his son, Frederick E. Pless and Andrew divided his farm between his sons, George E. and Charles H. Pless . Then each of these third generation Pless men had a farm, complete with buildings, livestock and tools. Next the ownership passed to the fourth generation, and the parcel where the old home stood is still owned by some of that generation , making it 135 years in the Pless name . The remainder is occupied by a few small business places, and factories, and there are houses scattered on small acreages through the fields. The farms could not provide for the lifetime of all the descendants of Henry and Maria Pless, but the generations who spent a happy and secure childhood on those acres have forever after remembered the place as home. The fourth generation living here were Louis, Harlow, Harriett and Frederick , children of Mr. and Mrs. Frederick E. Pless. The last and fifth generation having lived in this house were Frederick Robert, Edward James and Richard Lee Pless, sons of Mr. and Mrs. Harlow Pless . Acreage of this original farm is still held by Maybelle Pless, widow of Harlow Pless and by Frederick Pless and wife, Luella . Plessland Dairy The Plessland Dairy was owned and operated by Harlow and Frederick Pless. In the 1930's they built a tile creamery building on the Pless farm on Grand River. One room was equipped for an ice cream parlor and dairy bar . This was operated for three years by Maybelle Pless and one year by Harriett ( Pless) Baker . Modern War Hero Marine Pvt. Frederick Robert Pless, son of Mr . and Mrs . Harlow Pless graduated at the age of 16 from the Howell High School with the class of 1941. The following January he enrolled at Michigan State University, East Lansing. On August 24, 1943 he enlisted in the Marine corp. June 8, 194S, he volunteered to secure communication wire from the field of action, and was shot by a Jap sniper at Okinawa which left him paralyzed from the waist down. He was brought to the United States and spent some time in several California hospitals . He was brought home from Great Lakes Naval hospital and was guest of honor for V.J. day in 1946. In October he was transferred to veteran's hospital at Dearborn so he could be near to his family. Death occurred April 30, 1947. In the picture Robert is seated next to driver . Pless home built in 1838 by Lewis Barr . equipment was installed in the creamery for pasteurizing and bottling milk and then stored in a 12x12 foot walk-in refrigerated room . The milk was then distributed to stores and homes, Harlow operating the Howell area with the help of his sons Robert, Edward and Richard. Frederick operated the Brighton business . After several years Harlow bought the Martha Farms Jersey milk route from Mrs . Wherry. The business in the two towns increases to such an extent that bottled milk had to be secured from the Ira Wilson & Sons Dairy. After a number of years Harlow discontinued the Howell route and devoted his time to farming and helping in the Brighton delivery until his death in 1970. Frederick retired the following year. Nellie Burhance, 1876-1919, daughter of Mr . and Mrs . Guy Burhance, pictured at age 16. She was the mother of Maybelle Pless , Frances Harding and Rhoda Grostic. 21 Parkers Arrive in 1835 Edward, Jane and James Parker, natives of New York state, came to Michigan with their parents, David and Esther Bliss Parker in 1835. They first settled in Hamburg township where they were farmers. In 1853 they bought farms in Section 30 of Oceola Township, on what is now M-59 . Jane ( 1820-1903) James ( 1832-1906)-Great grandfather of Clayton Musson Edward ( 1826-1898)-Great .grandfather of Martha Musson Jane's Husband Jane married Wm. c. Shaft . They were proprietors of the Shaft Hotel which was built in 1847 on the southeast corner of Court and Grand River Streets, where Kontz Motor Sales, Inc . is located today . Wm. Shaft and his son, Wm. Henry, also ran a line of stages between Howell and Detroit until 1857 when the Shaft family left Howell to take up a Homestead in Kansas . James Lawther and his wife, Amarilla A . Harmon Lawther were the fourth proprietors of the Union Hall hotel beginning in 1850. The hotel was built in the spring of 1845 by Hezekiah Gates upon the southeast corner of East Street (now South Michigan Avenue) and Grand River Ave. Amarilla rented rooms and prepared meals for the townspeople and for those traveling through Howell. The hotel was burned in 1871 when owned by a Mr . Beach. James Lawther and W.P . Melvin opened the second wagon shop in Howell . This place of business was also on East Street, on the nor - thwest corner of East and Sibley Streets . They started their blacksmith business in 1846. In 1861 Wm . Melvin built the Melvin House at this location. It continued to be called the Melvin House for many years, then the John - ston House and in 1880 it became known as the Commercial Hotel and owned by John M . White. James Lawther was one of the members of the first Board of Trustees of the Howell School District in 1849 with George Jewett, R.P. Bush and Wm. McPherson . Jennie Parker (1883-1972). This picture was taken about 1899 in Boulder, Colorado, when she was 16 years of age. 23 Civil War Veteran Danford Parker in Civil War Uniform. Born May 30, 1825 in Gennessee County, N .Y. Blanche Smith Parker was a graduate of Howell High School in the class of 1893, with her gifts of flowers in baskets. A picture of Minnie Wing on lower shelf of little table, who became a dentist about 1895 or 1896 and practiced dentistry in Saginaw many years. Lois Parker Hicks Dr. Louis Watkins- Former Howell Dentist This picture of Dr. Watkins and his dog, Bob, was taken at the Harry Maycock home. The Dr. boarded his dog at the Maycock's and came every fall for pheasant season. He was a Howell dentist for many years, before going to Detroit to practice, but never missed coming to stay a few days with his friend, Harry Maycock and family during hunting season, and enjoying hunting with his faithful dog. Harold J . Maycock Almon Whipple Almon Whipple-afterwards, for nearly forty years, a well-known and highly-respected citizen of Howell-removed to this village from the township of Handy in 1839, he having been elected in the preceding autumn to the office of county clerk. He was born in Hardwick, Mass ., in the year 1800, and remained in that State until the year 1825, when he removed to Otsego Co., N.Y . There he carried on a mercantile business from 1828 till 1835, when his health became poor, and he emigrated to Handy, in this county, in 1837. In 1838 he opened a store in that town, and in the following year removed to Howell, as mentioned above. On the 14th of January, 1840, he married Mary Curtis (daughter of Victory Curtis), with whom he lived for nearly thirty-seven years . Upon his settlement in Howell, he engaged a mercantile business in partnership with John Curtis, under the firm-name of Curtis & Whipple . They purchased the business of Edward F. Gay, and became his successors in the store built by the latter, near the southwest corner of the old public square. His partner died in 1841, and Mr . Whipple afterwards removed to the main street of the village, and remained in the business of merchandising until 1860, when he retired from it , but continued to engage in real estate and other operations during the remainder of his life, and was successful in amassing a comfortable fortune. Besides the office of county clerk he also held that of county treasurer, and was for some years, the•first postmaster of Howell. He died Feb. 14, 1878 "He was one of the early settlers of Livingston County, and ever manifested an · active interest in the welfare of his adopted State . His record was honorable, and he enjoyed the confidence and esteem of all who associated with him . He was ever the poor man's friend . Honesty, generosity, and charity were his marked characteristics." Two additions have been laid out on the east side of the village, on lands of Almon Whipple, in the west half of the southeast quarter of section 36. The first of these, lying on the north side of Grand River Street, and bounded by Cowdrey's first addition on the west, and by the Livingston County Agricultural Fairgrounds on the east. This addition is dated Jan . 27, 1868. The second Whipple Addition, dated Sept . 4, 1871, lies opposite the first, on the south side of Grand River Street, and alsa has its west boundary on Cowdrey's first addition. 25 The Wright Families of George Washington and Hester Belfry Wright . L. to R .- Arthur , Fran k , Fred Haller, Roy , Emerson, George Jr ., Guy, Robert , Clyde , Margaurite , Marion and Eva . Second row : 26 Joseph i ne holding Daisy , Abbie , Maude Wright Haller , Irene , George w. Sr ., Daisy, Ruth, Hazel and Gladys . Third row : Rose , Clarence, unknown , unknown , unknown , Ford , unknown, Lula and Josephine . The Stapleton-Euler Family By Doris Frykman Since the first edition of the Howell Bicentennial History was published, I have come into a great deal of additional information on the early Eulers in Genoa Township. The original John Euler, Sr. (1775-1848c) ame from Germany in 1828 and lived for a time in Detroit. He came on to Genoa (along Euler Road) about 1835 with his wife Elizabeth, a sister, Susan and four sons. He stayed briefly in Genoa and then went on to Shiawassee County accompanied by his wife, sister and one son, Peter . His other three sons, John Jr. (my ancestor), Henry and Lawrence remained in Genoa, married and raised their families here. I have no intention of making a genealogy of this article but did want to bring out the above information and correction. I \ John Euler, Sr. 1775-1848 This is a reproduction of a pencil drawing made in Germany prior to coming to America in 1828. He came to the Euler Road area of Genoa Township in 1835 where he lived for a time before moving on to Shiawassee County . However, three of his four sons, John Jr., Henry and Lawrence remained in Genoa and raised their families there. There are many descendants in and around this area. John Euler, Sr. was my great, great, great-grandfather. Doris Frykman am grateful to cousins Lloyd Euler of Howell and Bill Pless of Brighton for their assistance . Under separate cover I am submitting a picture of John Euler, Sr. which I hope will be included in the pictorial section of the new book. In answer to queries about there being no Stapletons in Howell at present, I wish to say that although my grandmother, Ella Stapleton Euler had four brothers, Charles, George, Fred and Frank, none of them had any sons to carry on the name. When Frank died in 1961 at the age of 96, the name disappeared from our branch of the family. I would also like to mention the other four children born to Fred and Ella Euler in addition to my mother, Mary Isabelle Frykman . There were Ralph, Kenneth, Doris and Phyllis. Ralph married Bertha Gray and they lived most of their married life in Sewickley, a suburb of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania . They had no children, and Ralph died in 1972. Kenneth is married to the former Genevieve Ubsdell and they live near Fowlerville. Their only daughter, Carolyn died in infancy. Doris is married to Harold Hatcher of Dearborn and is the mother of four daughters-Barbara Mardigian, Peggy Grover, Mary Jo Terry and Nancy Barrett . The Hatchers also have one son, Fred. There are also several grandchildren and a few great-grandchildren . Phyllis married Leo Rancour and they recently returned to live in Howell after spending twenty years in Ann Arbor. They are the parents of twin sons, Bob and Dick, and a daughter, Ruth Anne Rieckhoff. Concerning my parents, Isabelle and Otto Frykman (both now deceased), I stated in the first book that there were two daughters, Betty and I. Betty married Ralph Noll anc! they live in Ann Arbor. They have two daughters, Mrs. Donald (Patricia) Case of Milford, and Barbara of Ann Arbor. The Cases have two little daughters, Susan and Barbara, so we are now in the eighth generation of the Euler family in this area. Azel Carpenter Azel Carpenter was born approximately in 1828 or 29. About 1848o r 49, he was married to Miss Maryetta Stedman, daughter of Daniel Stedman . To this union was born one son, whose name was Edgar. Edgar was born June 13, 1849. Maryette Stedman Carpenter died when her son was about twelve years of age. She is buried in Lakeview Cemetery, Howell, Michigan. Edgar lived with the Latson family on Beck Road for a short time and went to school. From then on I do not know anything about him or his father till 1878 when Edgar Carpenter was married to ldd C. Austin, daughter of George Austin and Lydia Smock Austin. At this time Azel Carpenter was living in a small house on East Grand River in Howell. He was married twice since the death of his first wife and had at least one son by the second wife. After her death he married a third time. No children. Edgar Carpenter was born June 13, 1849. Ida C. Austin wasborn May 9, 1857. They were married in May of 1879. To this union were born seven children. Maryette born March 5 1880,d ied June 16, 1927;H attie May born March 2, 1882,d ied March 11, 1969; Perry, born Oct. 22, died not known; Roy, born May 23, 1887, died July 7, 1888; Azel George born May 29, 1890, diea in Jan. 1949; Wallace born November 30 1892 died Dec. 1, 1892; Frances A. born July 2, 1894. Edga~ Car: penter died April 15, 1896.I da Austin Carpenter died June 15, 1947. 27 This picture was taken in 1912 at the Fred Euler home when their good friends , "Scotch Hugh" and Georgia McPherson came to call. McPherson is the shorter of the two men, Mr . Euler the taller one . The white haired lady at the upper left is Mrs . Euler's mother, Mrs . John Stapleton . Next to her is Mrs . McPherson, then John Kennety Euler and his mother Ella Euler holding her baby daughter , Phyllis Euler Rancour . The others on the lower steps are Doris Euler Hatcher and Isabelle Euler Frykman. Shortly after this was taken Mr . Euler put a large stone porch on the house which stands at 316 West Washington and is now the home of Rodney Street . Doris Frykman A BirthdayP arty The "birthday girl" in this picture is Elizabeth Spencer (Mrs . Wendell Page). As you will note, hair ribbons were the "in" thing back in the early 1920's when this was taken . At that time the Spencers lived in the large home located at 814 West Grand River . Top row : Bill McPherson IV , Sandy McPherson , Hudson Dunks, Jim Ludwig, John Hildebrant, Bill Spencer, Sheldon Dunks , Wm. Peter Van Winkle and Frederick McPherson . Middle row : Mary 28 Courter, Dorothy Ludwig, Nancy Norton, Elizabeth Spencer , Carolyn Sutton, Evelyn Culver and Iris Avery . Bottom row: Gretchen Schultz , Doris Frykman, Donald Spencer , Bud Hildebrant, Margaret Ludwig, Charles Van Winkle, Margaret Gartrell , Betty Van Winkle and Margaret Purdy . Doris Frykman Horse Power on the Latson Centennial Farm One hot summer day in 1907 when Albert Latson and men came up for their noon meal they found a photographer waiting to take farm pictures . Quickly they lined up their teams with the windmill and barns for background and the result was this picture of these beautiful animals. These horses and men were the work force on the 500 acre farm . The women cooked 3 meals a day for all. Never again will such a scene be possible for 35 years later not a horse was left on the farm as tractors and other newly invented machines had taken over much of the work . Fewer men were needed also . For most of his working years Albert farmed 500 acres. He built two large basement barns , the larger being for his dairy herd when the Borden's milk factory came to Howell. He also had a large grainery built and chicken houses and tool sheds as needed . The farm home was built in pioneer days by the brother of Edward Latson. John was a master carpenter and built originally a large 8 room 2 story frame house to which was later added a large kitchen, pantry and open sided wood shed with storage attic above where we, the grandchildren, were introduced to spinning wheels, candle molds, candle lanterns and rope spring hand made beds . Hazen & Nellie Latson The Dolph Family Jonathan Dolph, wife Maranda, and five children moved from New York state via of Canada to Livingston County in the early 1840's. They settled north of the village of Howell on what was later called the Staley farm. The children married, Mary Ann to Elias Mann , Catherine to Wm . Carpenter of New Hudson, Simon to Catherine Andrews, and after her death married Axa Cordelia Howe, Margaret married Wm. Earl and Sylvanus married Catherine Canfield . They were simple farm people and probably their greatest mark in history was the loss of their two, union soldier, sons in the Civil War . Simon (pictured) enlisted in the 8th. Mich . Vol . Inf. Co. Bat Pontiac , Mich ., Feb . 29, 1864, was taken prisoner at the Battle of Spottsylvania, Va ., May 12, 1864. Imprisoned at Andersonville Prison in Georgia, he died Aug. 14, 1864. Brother Sylvanus Dolph enlisted in 27th Mich . Vol . Inf. Co. G, Jan . 26, 1863 at Howell, Mich. Taken prisoner Feb . 8th, 1864 at Strawberry Plains, Tenn., he died at Andersonville Prison, May 22nd, 1864. Both brothers are buried in Andersonville National Cemetery at Andersonville, Ga . Descendant of this family still lives in the county . Harold Dolph The old Bickhart Flour Mill on the site of the present Coop Mill, North Walnut . 30 Fisher-MorganF arm A parcel of Section 34 of Cohoctah Township was purchased from Mary Sanford by Edward Fisher on June 9, 1854. Edward Fisher was the son of Adam Fisher who was one of the first settlers of Chemungville, or what is now called Oak Grove. Edward married Cornelia Vandercook, and had two daughters, Florence and Myra . When Edward died on April 21, 1893, he left his estate to his wife and two daughters . Florence married Albert Staley and Myra married Jerry W. Roberts. Jerry and Myra bought the property, April 22, 1893. They had one child, Laura Roberts. Laura married Sidney Morgan in this home on March 20, 1902. They bought the property on July 16, 1914. Sidney and Laura had five children. Carl, Lloyd, Mabel, Robert and Myra . Carl married Doris Russell and had five children, Dorothy Arrand of Howell, Carl Jr . of Howell, Russell of Chelsea, Roberta Coddington of Howell and Lyle of Howell. Lloyd married Maud Yelland and had three children, Charles in Florida, Donald of Ellsworth, Michigan, and Evelyn Bolan of Lansing, Michigan. Mabel married Stanley Boutell and had three children, Jerry in Deerfield Township , Dwight of Hartland and Duane of Howell. Robert married Helen Tucker and had two children, Kenneth of California and Darlene Olrich of Fowlerville . Myra married Paul Deane. They had three children, Mary Jo Donnelly of Livonia, Michigan, Kathleen Thomas of Howell, and Richard of Brighton . Carl resided in Cohoctah Township on Byron Road with his wife until his death, June 1964. Lloyd bought the property from his parents on January 5, 1935. He and Maud and their two sons and daughter, farmed the land until he moved to Florida for his health. He still owns the northwest corner of Section 34. Mabel and Stanley now reside in West Branch, Michigan . Robert and Helen are still residents of Oceola Township, and Myra is a resident of Deerfield Township . Mrs . James Sage. Carleen Mikkola and Myra Deane E. D. McRose , left; Isabel Mc Rose and young man seated center is Wm . McPherson Ill. Howell Residents by 1840 The Livingston County Historical Society has sponsored a project of the collection of picture of Howell's earliest settlers, particularly those who were in Howell before 1840. It is hoped that in time pictures of settlers before 1850 may also be collected. MRS. JAMES SAGE Mrs . Mary G. Sage, wife of James Sage, Sr. was one of the first three women to settle in Howell. She was born 1786 and came to Howell May 14, 1834 with her husband, James Sage, Sr. The other two women were her daughter-in-law, Louisa Austin, the wife of her son, George T. Sage, who came with them from Salem , Washtenaw County, Mich. Formerly they had lived at Ossian , N .Y. They were joined soon by John Dearin Pinckney and his wife, Margaret Fraser , also by the way of Salem , Mich. These were the first thre~ women in Howell. Later , a fourth woman came , Hannah Maclin (born 1784) with her husband David Austin on June 1, 1834. David Austin was the father of Louisa (Austin) Sage, wife of George T. Sage. They were from Bloomfield township, Cattaraugus County, N.Y. With David Austin came his son, Jonathan Austin with his wife, Sarah Davis , the daughter of Sardis Davis . Mary G. Sage was left a widow by the death of her husband , James , between January and June 1839, and was left with children who were minors. Her children were; George T. Sage, James R. Sage, Chester Adgate Sage, Louisa Sage, Mary Anne wife of Joseph A. Pinckney and Hannah wife of Peres Walker . The widow, Mary G. Sage married on November 14, 1844 her second husband , Waitstill Smith . Mr. Smith was a war of 1812 veteran and died December 14, 1845. She married for a third time , another War of 1812 soldier, Barker Wing on 31 February 24, 1948. Mr. Wing died March 21, 1863, but his widow outlived him. She died as Mary G. Wing on May 14, 1870a nd is buried on the Sage lot in Lakeview cemetery. She had the distinction of being the wife of three men, all of whom were outstanding in Howell's history . EDWARD F. GAY Edward Fairbanks Gay was born August 30, 1800i n Sharon Conn., the son of Edward Gay and Mary White. His parents , Edward Gay and Mary White moved in 1806 to Franklin, Delaware County, New York. Edward F. Gay first moved to the Mohawk River region of New York and then to Ann Arbor, Mich. where he resided six years before he moved to Howell in 1837. He bought some merchandise of Mr. Flavius J.B. Crane which Mr. Crane had stored in the attic of Amos Adams' Eagle Tavern. Mr. Crane had sold merchandise from the Tavern for a few months before abandoning this project. With these goods Edward F . Gay opened a store in the second frame dwelling in Howell, and was the pioneer storekeeper . Part of this store was wrecked, and the remaining part was moved to the south side of West Sibley Street, west of Center Street. Mr. Gay was the first native-born New Englander to reside in Howell. He also owned what was afterward known as the Isbell farm. Mr. Gay married Clarissa Metcalf Lee, the daughter of Dea . Milo Lee of Salisbury, Conn. Mr. and Mrs. Gay had a large family of children most of whom died in childhood. Those who survived were Hon. Milo L. Gay and Lizzie Gay wife of Charles Ellsworth. MRS. RICHARD FISHBECK Mrs . Richard Fishbeck was born July 31, 1815 (gravestone record ) as Mary Ann or "Nancy" Quackenbush, the daughter of Barent or "Barney" Quackenbush and Mary Rosa. The Quackenbush family was one of the old Dutch settlers of New York City and the Hudson River Valley. She married Richard Fishbeck of German ancestry who was born April 27, 1800 in Pennsylvania, the son of Jacob Fishbeck and his wife Elsie Storrin or Stearnes, old settlers of Genoa township, Livingston County, Mich. The Fishbecks left De Kalb, St. Lawrence County, New York and settled first at Milford, Mich. Richard and Nancy Fishbeck came to Howell in 1837 and he was the first shoemaker in town. He built the third frame building in Howell which served as his home and also his shoemaker shop. They had three children , Laura A., Winslow R., and Fenton Fishbeck who died in childhood and were buried in the old Howell cemetery in 1856 and 1857. The children who survived them were; Stephen G., Leonard N., Murray P. (or Philander M.) and Douglass A. Fishbeck. Son Leonard 32 became a member of the Howell Fire department. Richard Fishbeck died April 20, 1874. His wife survived him many years and died March 31, 1903. ELIZABETH RIDDLE McPHERSON WILLIAM McPHERSON When Elizabeth Riddle McPherson and William McPherson arrived Sept. 17, 1836 from Invernesshire, Scotland, they had been more than two months traveling . Their voyage aboard a sailing vessel had taken six weeks . Then they came by Erie Canal, Lake Erie, and Stage Coach to the area now known as Howell. The children who came with them were Isabella, who was four, William Jr. the second child, and Alexander , age three months . Born in the new country later were Elizabeth, Martin, John, Edward Gregory, Mary Lenore, and Ella. Elizabeth and William came to join Elizabeth's father, Andrew Riddle, in blacksmithing, and her two brothers who had bought farms in Oceola. Elizabeth Browning wrote later of her grandmother (Elizabeth Riddle McPherson) "falling in love with some property that reminded her a bit of Scotland-hills and a pretty lake, which was very picturesque, but poor farm land. Being very poor, and with four children to support, it became necessary for grandfather to do something about it. As a boy in Inverness, Scotland he used to spend time watching men at a forge in a blacksmith's shop. So that was something he could turn his hand to. It kept his family for a few years, and then he opened a general store with his brother-in-law William Riddle (1842). Later this became Wm. McPherson and Sons and was run under that name until 1925." Elizabeth (Bess) Browning, who was a daughter of Mary Lenore McPherson and her husband Dr. Thomas Browning, also told that her grandparents, Elizabeth and William McPherson were Scotch Presbyterians and the church was their main interest. They gave generously and also entertained ministers from all over the country at their home. The ministers were well educated and took wit and wisdom into their home. At one time while the parsonage was being remodeled, the minister, Mr. Foster, and his family of eight, lived at the McPhersons . Elizabeth Riddle and William McPherson were remembered for their kindliness . Their family and descendants have been influential in the development of Howell. DR. GARDNER WHEELER Dr . Gardner Wheeler was born 1794 in Massachusetts . He moved early to Norwich, Chenango County, New York when it was the "Far West". He studied in Chenango County under Dr. Mitchell and Dr. Wilcox and there married his wife, Fanny . He settled first in Washtenaw County at Scio, a year before he came to Howell in 1838. When Dr . Wheeler came to Michigan he left a brother, Joel Wheeler and a sister, Mrs. Mary Ambler in New York state. He also had three half-sisters in Chenango County; Abigail and Calpurnia Smith and Mrs. Calista Scott. But most important to Howell's settlement were his three half-brothers ; Villeroy E ., John W., and Elisha H. Smith. Elisha H. Smith wrote the first history of Howell in 1868.T he Smiths left West Bloomfield or Honeyoe, N.Y. and settled west of Howell in 1835. Dr. Wheeler practised twenty years in Howell and was a respected physician. He was active in all kinds of civic enterprises . He was also Worshipful Master of Lodge No. 38 A & FM of Howell, 1850-53a nd his daughter , Miss Emily Wheeler belonged to the Eastern Star . His son Henry Wheeler died 1841a nd was the first burial in the Barnard Street cemetery . Dr. Wheeler died January 11, 1859a nd his wife, Fanny died October 28, 1868. His children were ; Henry M. Wheeler, Miss Emily Wheeler and a daughter who married W.A. Buckland and a son Dr. John A. Wheeler of Whitehall, Mi. • Ali.f ~--!ll!ft~ __ _:__~___:__?:;,: -..._. - _-,__, The old Marion stone school house built about 1845. 33 The ArmstrongH ome This house was built by Samuel M . Armstrong in 1885, the land being part of an 80 acre farm sold to John D. Pinckney by the U.S . Government in 1833. It stood on what is now Swann Ct. Frank R. Crandall purchased it in 1915. L. Harold Crandall , a son, relates that a horse barn which housed 4 or 5 horses and that many rigs stood out back . Esbon Swann took possession in 1926. It was around that time that part of Grand River was being bricked and it is rumored that Jackson prisoners doing the labor on it were housed here. Esbon Swann tore part of it down and moved the remainder to 115 Swann Ct . and is now occupied by Ed & Betty McKeon who purchased it in 1943. Shields' Home It is not known when the house at 1325 West Grand River was built but probably in the late 1850s. The Freeman Fishbecks moved into the house in 1864 purchased from Mrs . Blackmun. Later the Frank Hubbells lived there who sold to Mr . and Mrs . John Haas . Mr . and Mrs . Frank Shields bought it from Henry Haas in 1923. They completely renovated the interior of the house but the exterior was left in its original style of architecture except for the sun porch built at the back of the house to replace the lean-to porch . They also built the barn and garage. Mr . Shields died in 1960 and in 1965 Mrs . Shields sold the house and forty acres to the Sieben Corporation . Mr . and Mrs. Leigh Thomas lived in the house until the death of Mrs . Thomas . Then it was sold to Mr . and Mrs . Maynard King in July of 73. Mary Shields 34 Swann built 3 small brick houses, one on the court and two on Grand River and a cottage on Earl Lake, from the remainder . During ex - tens i ve remodeling McKeons discovered 2 hardwood floors and a pine subfloor. Lumber was cheap and Armstrong owned a lumber yard in Howell. The athletes were a Mr . Purdee and Darwin Peavy whose grandfather , A .F . Peavy .owned the house next door . They were from Oregon State College and were known as "Peavy & Purdee-Power Personified ." Fancy pants ! Betty McKean Dr. Charles E. Skinner The picture of Dr . Charles E . Skinner . He was a physician in Howell many years and his son Burrill is in the 8th grade class picture . He was killed electrically in 1911 I believe . A Michigan F a01ily and It's F ar1n By James I. Van Keuren Reprinted from the University of Michigan Quarterly Review The Van Keuren Centennial Farm , situated five miles northeast of Howell in Oceola Township, Livingston County, Michigan, was homesteaded by my grandfather, Charles Van Keuren, in 1836. At that time, just prior to Michigan's being admitted to statehood in 1837, the land was in the Northwest Territory . The original land patent bears the signature of Martin Van Buren , then President of the United States, by his son A. Van Buren, his personal secretary , and Joshua S. Wilson, acting recorder of the General Land Office of the United States Government. Charles Van Keuren, before migrating to the west, had been a member of the New York City Police Force . In order to supplement his income, he had also engaged in fine cabinet making. As one of his police duties, he belonged to a troop of cavalry which served as an honor guard on special occasions. Real estate promoters, in those days, evidently served as colonizers and prospectors for land at a price per acre. When they came back from their trips to the Far West with maps and other information regarding the lands they had surveyed, it was their custom to assemble groups of prospective pioneers. My grandfather joined one such group in the year 1834, and came west from New York State to prospect. He brought with him a nephew, Tjerick Van Keuren. Finding conditions as they had been reported, he selected an acreage near where Howell is now located. It was in a hilly section with a little stream running through it, and a large spring conveniently near the spot where he decided to build his house. This stream is still known as Van Keuren's Creek. For temporary shelter , they set up poles, which they covered with marsh hay. This crude shelter, somewhat like an Indian wigwam, served them until, with the help of neighboring settlers , they were able to build a log cabin. They then began the galling task of cutting out the timber, burning the trees and underbrush, in order to clear the land on which to plant their crops. In about a year, they were able to comply with the requirements for a land patent, and returned to New York City to bring their families out to their new home in the West. The trip West was long and tedious. Their furniture , bedding, and cooking utensils were loaded on a barge drawn by mules driven along a towpath on the banks of the Hudson to Albany ; thence, by way of the Erie Canal to Buffalo; there they embarked on a Lake Erie steamer for the port of Detroit. Thus far, the trip had been by water and had not been too difficult or unpleasant; but from Detroit to their destination it was, indeed, tough going. It was along rough, narrow trails, through dense woods and across vast marshes by ox team and wagon. The main trail west from Detroit passed through Ypsilanti and Ann Arbor to Dexter . From there, it branched off to my grandfather's log cabin, which was twenty-five or thirty miles to the north. The abstract of title covering the land which my grandfather received from the Government in the year 1836s hows no record of any mortgage ever having been filed. Evidently no money had been borrowed for the erection of buildings or for making improvements on the farm . With the frugal habits of the pioneer, my grandfather must have accumulated funds for the development of his holdings, for in the 1850's he was able to build a large house near the site of the log cabin. This house, after a hundred years, still stands. It has experienced many vicissitudes , but it has finally been restored as far as possible to its original state . In 1951 it was honored by the Detroit Edison Company, which presented a centennial plaque in a ceremony witnessed by neighbors and friends, marking it as one of the "State Centennial Farms." After proof of ownership the Michigan Historical Commission issued a certificate, signed by the Governor and other state officers, along with members of the Commission, that the farm had been in the family for over a hundred years. The house was a replica of houses common in New York State in the 1850's. Since my grandfather was a Hollander, it was also reminiscent of the Dutch houses along the Hudson River . It was built almost entirely of timber cut on the land. The frame was of hewn logs, pegged together with dowel pins. The doors, window frames , stair treads, and banisters were of solid black walnut, fashioned and molded with hand tools. My grandfather had been a skilled cabinet-maker in Holland, as is evidenced by the beautiful , heavy walnut cornices over the windows and doors. As the house was built on the side of a hill, the entrance to the kitchen was made conveniently from ground level through a typical Dutch door. The cooking had originally all been done in the huge fireplace with its Dutch oven. Adjoining the kitchen, excavated from the side of the hill, there was a large cellar, in which the pans of milk were set on shelves hung from the ceiling for the milk to cool and for the cream to rise. In this cellar there were also huge bins for storing potatoes and other vegetables for winter use. There was a pantry convenient at hand, and a comfortable nook with a couch on which Grandmother Van Keuren could rest and smoke her pipe-a habit not unusual for elderly women of her generation . Meals were served in this comfortable kitchen-huge platters of salt pork, or, occasionally, of chicken, with heaps of potatoes and vegetables , all placed on the table so that everybody, even the hired man , with his sleeves rolled up and his hair slicked down, could help himseH. The coffee was kept hot in the fireplace, and was poured as required. As all the men had beards in those days, they used "mustache cups." It was customary to pour the coffee into their saucers, balancing them on the tip of the thumb and their fingers. It was also quite proper to cool the coffee by blowing across it somewhat noisily and sipping it with a loud inhaled breath. From the basement kitchen , stairs led to the first floor, where one entered a large room, which is now used as a dining room. An upper kitchen , adjoining it, is now fully equipped with electric refrigerator , stove, and other modern conveniences. Opposite the dining room, across the hall, there was a large parlor and a parlor bedroom in which we four boys were born. The long center hall, with stairs leading to the upper rooms, ran straight through from the front door to the rear door. There were altogether fourteen rooms, including a large attic. The house was thus a four-story house on the south side but a three-story house on the north side. Not far from the house were a large horse barn with stalls and partitions of solid black walnut, a large hay-and-straw barn , a granary , a tool shed, and a large sheep barn with a hay-and-grain loft. In addition to these buildings, there was a large, separate washhouse and laundry , in which a barrel of soft soap was always ready for use. This was connected with the woodshed. There were also a smokehouse for curing hams, a henhouse, hog pens, and of course , the regulation "Chic Sales." These buildings had all been built by whatever 35 skilled carpenters could be obtained in those pioneer days, with the help of friendly neighbors, who volunteered their services in old-fashioned "raising bees." Clearing the land, cutting down and burning the trees , pulling stumps, breaking ground with the heavy breaker plow drawn by oxen to prepare the fields for planting-it takes little imagination to appreciate the back-breaking work required for all those operations . The pioneer women, too, had their full share of work-cooking the meals , washing, spinning, weaving, making clothes, caring for their children, and, in general , keeping their families going. Threshing time was a gala time. The neighbors all turned out to help-the men in the fields, in the mow, pitching bundles to the thresher table, stacking the straw; the women helping in the kitchen preparing the hearty midday meal and helping serve it to the hungry workers. We older boys do not forget the mammoth slices of bread spread heavily with butter and brown sugar which we got when we came home from school on those happy occasions. No banquet ever tasted as good. The Van Keuren family was typical of hundreds of pioneer families that settled in the Michigan wilderness in the 1830's and '40's and '50's. Our state owes much to their courage, their thrift, and their sturdy industry . My grandfather and grandmother had, in the course of years, acquired a family of five children, two of whom died in infancy. It was quite evident that they could not manage to give all of them an eduction beyond that afforded by the district school of their neighborhood. The only daughter , Martha, obtained a teacher's certificate and taught country school for a number of years . Grandfather himself had had educational opportunities, but he was a highly intelligent man, a master craftsman, and he was ambitious for one of his sons, at least, to have a high school and college education. The lot fell to James I., possibly because he was the eldest son. At what sacrifices one may imagine , the family saw to it that James should attend high school at Howell, five miles to the southwest, and should prepare himself for the entrance examinations at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. James I. had a keen, brilliant mind and a serious appreciation of what an education could mean to him. He made the most of his opportunities. He not only passed the examinations for entrance into the University, but, in due course, completed the prescribed curriculum of the Law School with a creditable record . He was graduated in the spring of 1862. He opened his law office that autumn and began his practice in Hubbardston in Ionia County, a small village in a rich agricultural community. In those first years, as a young lawyer, James Van Keuren made a brilliant beginning. He had few competitors, and soon built up a profitable practice. Hardly had he established himself in his practice, however, when he was faced with a critical decision. His father, now an aging man, had been stricken with a serious illness. His mother, a frail little woman, aging also and unable to supervise the farm, needed James at home. Apparently he had no choice but to go back home to look after the large sheep and stock farm. He seems not to have hesitated. He closed his office and went back to the farm. No doubt he secretly hoped that it was but a temporary interruption of his professional career. Unfortunately, it was almost two decades before he was able to resume his practice. It was really a heroic sacrifice for my father to make, but I do not remember ever hearing him utter a word of complaint or of regret. Possibly those years at the farm gave him the time to read and to meditate, which was quite to his liking. He was a man of scholarly taste and great physical and intellectual vitality . However taxing his farm duties became, his cultivation of his literary taste and his philosophical 36 reflection on life and its meaning were unflagging. During those years he accumulated a valuable library of scientific books on philosophy, astronomy, and biology. He was fascinated by the new Darwinian theory . He read Latin and Greek, and both French and German. He subscribed regularly to a German language newspaper. He read the Bible and puzzled over the apparent conflict between the account of creation given in Genesis and the new Darwinian theory . He found great zest in discussing that conflict and other theological problems with the Methodist minister in Howell, a Rev. Mr. Kilpatrick . He wrote voluminously, especially articles for the Livingston Republican , published in Howell. Their theme was "searching for the truth in everyday living." They appeared under the general heading: "The Old Thought and the New Thought." I have a file of those articles. They are evidently the product of a scholarly, philosophical mind. Possibly those years, with the long, quiet winter evenings, were compensation for the interruption of his professional career. It was fifteen years after James Van Keuren 's graduation that Fanny Ann Morgan came into his life. She was a little country schoolteacher, the daughter of Benjamin A. Morgan. Perhaps the most important contribution Fanny Ann Morgan made to our future as a family was the inheritance of a new and distinctly different strain. From our Van Keuren father we had inherited a taste for reading, a passion for study, and a thirst for all that education could give us. From Fanny Ann Morgan, our mother, there came to us an inherited urge for artistic expression and for invention. Our mother's mother, Grandmother Morgan, was related to Thomas Edison's mother, and my mother's brother , Benjamin Boomer Morgan, "Uncle Ben," as we knew him, became an inventor of some note. One of his inventions, a railroad safety blocksignal, was adopted years ago by the Michigan Central Railroad. It was, however, as professional portrait painters that both he and his brother, "Al," became known. They had had, of course, only limited training, but their work was notable. Portraits of our Van Keuren grandparents, painted by B. B. Morgan in the 1870's, hang today in our living room at the farm, and a portrait of our father, James I. Van Keuren, has a place of honor in our Lansing home. B. B. Morgan lived in Ann Arbor during the 1880'sa nd early 1890's, and during those years painted several portraits of members of the University faculty. Three of them, of Governor Alpheus Felch, of Professor Edward Olney, and of Henry Betts Parsons, conspicuous examples of his skill as an artist, are still in the University's art collection. "Uncle Al," Allen A. Morgan, was also a successful portrait painter and photographer. He did a portrait of former Governor Groesbeck's father, who lived in Mt. Clemens, in Macomb County. Uncle Al told me that when he was working on this portrait young Alex, who later became Governor of Michian, was a harum-scarum barefoot boy whose chief joy was spearing frogs in the marshes around Mt. Clemens. Like her two brothers, our mother was endowed with an artistic temperament. She had had lessons in oil painting and took great pleasure in her palette and brushes. Two of her landscapes hang on the walls at the old farm today. One is copied after a picture of the ruins of Carthage. The other is a jungle scene of the Amazon. Her easel brushes, palette, and paint tubes were tabu so far as we boys were concerned, but they quite fascinated us. How we did want to dabble a bit with the brushes and oils! The temptation was almost irresistible when there was a nice white canvas tacked on a frame on Mother's easel just waiting for something to happen. One day we got our hands on a paint tube and proceeded to experiment. Unfortunately, we squeezed just a little too hard and then, to our consternation, found that we couldn't possibly force the paint back into the tube. Our mother was no Sherlock Holmes, but she had little difficulty in finding the culprit. Another interest of these two brothers of our mother was violin-making. If the Italians could make beautiful, richtoned instruments, why couldn't they? B. B. Morgan was the first of the brothers to take up violin-making. It seemed to challenge his craftsmanship in wood-working. Then Al felt confident that he could make a better violin than his brother . Al had the advantage of being younger than Ben and, as he lived near Portland, Maine, where the long winters and deep snows kept people indoors, he had more leisure time than his brother to work at his hobby. He became so well known for his skill as a violin-maker that he was elected president of the New England Violin-Makers' Association. At his death, I was appointed executor of his estate . An inventory of his possessions disclosed over one hundred violins strung up like curing tobacco leaves in his attic. So far as I could determine, he had never sold one of them in his life. He had made one after another, evidently with the hope that his product would ultimately match for excellence the best of the famous old Italian violins. I still have in my possession a few of those he made . Experts have judged them excellent as to workmanship, finish, graduation , and tone. I have never painted , as my mother and uncles did, but I have, in later years, become a camera fan ; I take great pleasure in my battery of cameras, and in experimenting with every sort of gadget. I find color photography a very satisfactory substitute for the painting which, considering my heritage, I suppose I should have done. And since the days when, as a little boy, I played my violin in our little orchestra-the four of us-I have had a passionate interest in violins. Like my uncle Ben Morgan, I have through the years made a collection of rare violins. It is now my great pride . One of them was made in Warsaw in 1846 by a Polish violinmaker. It was brought to the United States by Michael Press when he came to this country to teach violin at Michigan State College in East Lansing. After his death, I purchased it and presented it to Emily Mutter Adams, a talented Howell girl who is now a member of the first violin section of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra. She had studied under "Mike" Press, and has felt it a privilege to play her former teacher's violin. Before disposing of his instrument, my son Paul and I had Rubinoff try it out when he was in Lansing for a concert. He pronounced it a fine instrument and wanted to purchase it. He found it especially interesting because it had a neck a quarter-inch longer than standard. I also have a genuine Guarnerius and a very fine old violin that claims to be a Stradivarius. It is interesting to note that the artistic temperament of the Morgans has been transmitted from one generation to another . One of my sons, James Stewart Van Keuren, studied art as a part of his course in architecture at the University of Michigan, and has now taken up painting as a pastime . One of the sons of Admiral Van Keuren , Alex, Jr ., has simsilarly become interested in painting both in oil and in water-colors . And their work is strikingly similar. Both cousins find pleasure in playing the piano, as does my son Paul, who studied music with private teachers at Cranbrook and at Michigan State College. He is an accomplished pianist and also sings in the church and in the Orpheus Club in Lansing . My parents were married in the little country church near the farm in 1877. Within six years they had the four sturdy boys to whose upbringing and education they devoted themselves with wholehearted consecration . Those were happy years for all of us-those years at the old farm . To be sure Grandfather was gone, and we missed him, but the frail little grandmother presided as the matriarch of the family . It was really our wonderful mother , however, who managed us all, including Father . He entered so wholeheartedly into everything that interested his four boys that he was almost like another boy himself. He boxed and wrestled, coasted and skated, and played our rough games with us; and was always able to see our point of view when arguments arose. It must be admitted , however, that he held us all strictly to our prescribed duties . His whole life interest, at that time, was concentrated on training, disciplining, and inspiring us to make ourselves strong, agile, both physically and intellectually . His boys were his compensation for the sacrifice he had made in interrupting the career for which he had prepared himself. His devotion and his consideration for our mother, and his unstinting cooperation with her in her plans for us, left a lasting impression on all of us. Mother saw to it that our prescribed duties on the farm and our joyous outdoor activities did not interfere with our school work. Having been a teacher, she was able to help us in our difficulties, and she felt it her duty to hold us strictly to our school routine. She observed our progress, criticized us sharply, but tactfully, and when, at last, she saw the district school was no longer adequate for our development, she insisted that Father rent the farm and move to Howell. There we boys would have the advantages of the high school. Neither she nor Father had ever, for a moment, thought of the possibility of our not having a college education . The plan commended itself to us all . Father was glad to resume, at long last, his practice of law; Mother looked forward to the more congenial life in a community, where she would find friends with tastes like her own. Even Grandmother, young in spirit, though now nearing ninety, also approved the plan. Accordingly, the farm was rented to a German family by the name of Snively, and we went to town. We soon found ourselves settled in a rented house on a pleasant shady street in the busy little town of Howell. Father was as eager and proud of his law office, just off Main Street , with its swinging sign "James I. Van Keuren," as if he had suffered no interruption of his life plans for those many years. Fortunately, while at the farm he had maintained his personal contacts with his friends in town. He had written often for the weekly Howell paper. He was known as a serious, thoughtful, clever man . The town welcomed him back-he would be a useful citizen. Very shortly, he began to see his practice return to him. The household at Howell, during those first years, was in charge of three wonderful women who had a great affection for each other and a rare faculty for working together harmoniously- " Grandmother Charlotte," still bright and active ; "Aunt Martha, " my father's maiden sister ; and "Fanny Ann," our adored mother. Things at home ran smoothly, and we four boys found life in town full of interest. We made new friends at school and in our neighborhood, and were thrilled by the prospect of preparing for college. Then, suddenly, within one single year, all the beloved women of our family were taken by death , and Father was left alone with four boys to care for. It was a tragic year, indeed, for us all . Grandmother Charlotte was ninety-two; her death seemed in the order of nature . Aunt Martha , too, was elderly. But Mother seemed so young and so· full of life! She had just nursed us four boys through a terrible illness. There had been in Howell one of those epidemics of diphtheria which were so common in those days before antitoxins had been developed. Shortly after we had all recovered, Mother, assuming that she would have developed immunity to the disease , went to offer her help to one of her neighbors who had diphtheria. She was taken violently ill shortly afterward and died. Her loss was a blow that stunned us all. After a few months of helpless groping, Father was fortunate in obtaining a housekeeper, Mrs. Gillette, who proved 37 a great help to us. She brought her own little boy with her, so that Father found himself with us five boys, besides himself and Mrs. Gillette, to support. To feed, clothe, and educate a family of five boys was no slight task, especially in the early 1890's, when the country was suffering the depression of the Cleveland administration. If we had not had the farm to supply us with some of the necessities-potatoes, beans, pork, fruit, butter, and eggs-we would not have fared as well as we did. Money was scarce, especially as Father's clients had little or none with which to pay for his legal services. As business was, of necessity, conducted by barter and the exchange of produce for groceries and meats, Father had cordwood cut on shares at the farm and delivered to the stores where we had bills for produce of one sort or another. One of our Saturday jobs was to drive Ned, the old family horse, out to the farm, where we hitched the team, Boney and Bill, to the wagon and loaded up a couple of cords of wood to deliver in town to people to whom Father owed bills. Then we had to drive back to the farm in the empty wagon to get our horse and buggy. By the time we reached home at night we had had quite a day of it. We were fortunate, of course, to have all the wood we needed for our own use, and we did use a lot. I well remember the huge pile of "chunk wood" in our back yard that we boys had to split and pile in the woodshed, cord on cord for use in the kitchen cookstove and in the large wood stove in the living room which was conveniently placed between the parlor and Father's bedroom. We boys did all we could to help earn what we needed for clothes and spending money. We worked during summer vacations at odd jobs of all sorts. We mowed lawns, worked on farms; even sold books and tool subscriptions for magazines. One summer, I remember, I went into partnership with Emil Bode, a friend of my brothers. We managed somehow to acquire a view camera which used 5x7 and 8x10 glass negatives. We walked through the country taking pictures of farm buildings, livestock, and family groups, which we developed, printed, and finished after we returned to Howell. We then went back over the same route to sell and deliver the pictures. There wasn't much profit in this project , but it helped piece out our limited personal budgets and it developed an interest in photography which has been my personal hobby ever since. By one project or another, all four of us were able to supplement what our father was able to provide us for our college education. Charles, Alex, and Harry all, in due course, attended the University of Michigan. Charles the eldest, was graduated in the class of 1902w ith the Bachelor of Arts degree. To help with his expenses, he waited table at a boardinghouse, did advertising on a student publication, and almost anything else that came his way. In his senior year he reported for the Toledo Blade and for several other papers, which brought him into the acquaintance of Fielding H. Yost, "Hurry-up Yost," the famous football coach. Charles and some of his newspaper friends conceived the idea that, if Yost would write a book on football, it would sell like hot cakes because of his reputation as a successful coach. Yost finally consented to furnish the copy, diagrams of plays, and photographs of the teams, if Charles and his friends would provide the text. This book was published as Football for Player and Spectator. At this point I enter the scene. Yost wanted someone to look after finances on the project, keep records of sales, pay bills, and render accounts. Charlie got me to come over on week-ends from Howell, where I was working in a bank, to set up and keep the records on the project. The first edition of the book sold quite widely to coaches and students in high schools all over this country and even in foreign countries, wherever there were Amaricans interested in football. When the mail orders began to pour in, as a result of our advertising in Youth's Companion and other 38 publications , our success went to our heads, and we rashly placed a huge order for a second edition. Unfortunately, by the time the books were off the press the football season was over; we had a monstrous supply of the books and, of course, no demand for them as Christmas was approaching and enthusiasm for football had cooled with the winter snows. It was fun, anyway, while it lasted, but right then and there I decided to keep clear of the publishing business. After his graduation from the University of Michigan, Charles went into politics. He was elected to the State House of Representatives on the Republican ticket from Livingston County. From that time and during his entire business life, both he and his wife, Florence, were active workers in Republican politics. While engaged in developing oil properties and various industrial enterprises, he found time to report and write for a number of important newspapers and periodicals . He died in 1950 at the age of seventy-two, leaving his widow and married daughter, Betty, with two granddaughters who now live in Detroit. Alex, or "Al" as he was called by his associates, worked at odd jobs during his freshman year at the University of Michigan. On returning home at the end of that year , he found that his younger brother, Harry, had entered a competitive examination for appointment to the Naval Academy at Annapolis. When the examination was to be held in Pontiac, Father sent "Brother Al" along with Harry as a sort of sponsor, because Harry had never been that far away from home before. Harry unfortunately did not pass his physical examination; so Al decided that he would take the examination in his place. Al not only passed his physical examination but had the highest marks of all the contestants and, by a strange irony of fate, won the appointment to Annapolis. Al was an excellent student; he was graduated number one in his class at the Academy. He divided the number-one honors in his class, however, with his roommate, who strangely enough, had exactly the same scholastic grades for the four-year course . This was the only time that two midshipmen in the same class had ever been graduated from the Academy as number-one men ; I doubt if it has ever happened since. After his graduation from Annapolis as an ensign, Al joined the Pacific Fleet on the battleship Wisconsin and saw service in the Philippines, Japan, and China. While on this duty, he was ordered back to the United States for further education in engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After graduation he entered the Navy Bureau of Construction and Repair, in which he served in nearly all the navy yards in the country. He was finally appointed, by President Roosevelt, Chief of the Bureau of Ships, U.S.N. He was held over as a rear admiral during the Second World War, even though he was beyond retirement age, in order to take advantage of his valuable experience gained during a lifetime in the Navy. He is now retired and lives in Washington, D.C., with his wife Helen. They have one son, Alex, Jr ., who has followed in his father's footsteps; he served in the Naval Reserve as a lieutenant senior grade during the Second World War. Their daughter, Frances, who is now married and has two children, entered the service of her country in the WAVES. It has thus been a strictly Navy family. In fact, the Van Keurens were represented in the different branches of the Navy be a rear admiral, a lieutenant commander, a senior lieutenant, and three WAVES. Harry, after his graduation from Howell High School, entered the engineering college at the University of Michigan. He was so disappointed at not getting an opportunity to take the examination for appointment to Annapolis that he left Ann Arbor and enlisted in the old 14th U.S. Cavalry, then stationed at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. He hoped in this way to gain a commission from the ranks. He would probably have done so if I had not, through political influence in Washington, obtained his discharge. He had misrepresented his age when he enlisted and had not had Father's consent, as was required, because he was underage. After his discharge, he continued his education at M.I.T. and later at Columbia University, from which he was graduated with a degree in engineering. After graduation he spent some time at his chosen profession both in the United States and in Mexico. When the First World War broke our Harry was commissioned captain in the Air Force and sent to Langley Field, Virginia, to help develop and test planes of all types for the government. British, French, and Italian planes were sent to this field for testing, and experienced flyers from these countries came over to advise and help build better fighter planes for our forces . In the Second World War Harry joined the Inventors' Council in Washington, D.C., to assist in helping improve all types of military equipment. As a result of his strenuous work in the service of his country while on his last assignment with the Inventors' Council, he suffered a heart attack and passed away in a Washington hospital. He rests in Arlington National Cemetery with other loyal patriots who gave their lives to make this country what it is today. He is survived by his wife, Marie Steel Van Keuren, and two daughters, Katherine and Virginia, who both served as WAVES during the war . On June 18, 1913, I married Miss Margaret M. Kennedy of Lansing. Her father was the late Samuel A. Kennedy, who served as Deputy Secretary of State when Washington Gardner was Secretary of State . We have two sons, James Stewart, who was graduated from the University of Michigan in 1938 and is now a lieutenant commander in the Naval Reserve, stationed in the Navy Department, Washington, D.C., and Paul I., a graduate of Cranbrook School, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, who is now Assistant Secretary- Treasurer of the Ingham Abstract and Title Company, working in the Mason office. During the Second World War Paul served as a sergeant in the Adjutant General's Office, Pacific Theater, under General Douglas MacArthur's command, from August, 1945,u ntil January 1946,i n Manila, and from February to September, 1946, in Tokyo, after which he returned to the United States for discharge. The Van Keurens thus continue their record of service to their country into another generation. ·:~ 00000000000~00000000000~ ~J .. ROBERRT. SMITH: ! --:Breedearn d Dealerin :-- • 0 • ~REGISTERED*=- 0 HOWELL, - - .,....,_.Residence, 4 Miles North. 'I MICH. t • 0 t 0 Beurmann's Charles Emil Beurman, sheriff of Livingston County in 1876. Glen and Kern Beurmann . The Beurmann School in 1886. The two coal black horses that hauled grists and flour back and forth from the Lakeside Mill to "The Exchange Station," six days a week, and then on Sunday faithfully took the family to church in Howell. The Hutchings Family Andrew 0. Hutchings in the living room of the Lakeside home. The following pictures relate to "The Hutchings Family" (see pages 49-50 in the Howell Bicentennial History Book). Ruins of the mill after it burned on April 15, 1915. The Love Family Henry G. Love and his family arrived in New York City from England on the 10th of June, 1836, and immediately began a journey westward, with the intention of settling in Illinois. Proceeding to Albany by steamer, they disembarked , and again continued their journey to Rochester, N .Y . by the Erie Canal . At the latter city the female portion of the family were left in comfortable quarters, while the father and son, Thomas, kept on via the canal to Buffalo; thence by lake steamer to Detroit. In Detroit they met some English friends who had already entered land in Township 2 North, of Range 4 East and were persuaded by them, on their representations, to enter lands in present town of Marion. Henry G. Love purchased 4 lots of the west half of Section 33, situated South of Cedar Lake . About the first thing done, after getting settled, was the cutting of the largest whitewood tree to be found on Mr . Bavin's premises, this was fashioned into a huge ca'noe, and launched upon Cedar Lake . This was the first boat placed on the lake by white men, and proved a source of great benefit to the settlers, for, as one of them remarked, "There was an abundance of fish in Uncle Sam's waters ." These remarks taken from History of Livingston County, date 1880. Henry T. Love, son of Thomas and Lavina Love, was born in 1843. He stayed home and worked with his father until he was a young man. On September 17, 1873 he married Sarah Lakin. They bought 80 acres in Section 20 of Marion Twp. Floyd Love, son of Henry T. Love and Sarah Love was born Oct. 2, 1876 on the old farm. Floyd Love bought the farm when he was a young man . In 1912 it was known as Loves Corners. As a young man he went to Marion Twp. school in the old town hall. On March 31, 1915 he married Hazel Huff in the house he was born in . Running water and a furnace were installed soon after . To this union were born four children, three boys and one girl. The boys Charles, Fred and Bruce were born in the family house, Mary was born in Pinckney Sanitarium. Charles and Fred attended school at Marion Center, later the Andersen School. Mary and Bruce attended Andersen School. All four children went to Howell High School. In 1927, the family farm was sold and the family bought 300 acres in Section 16 & 17 of Marion Twp . Charles Love was married to Dorothy Miller in 1937, land was purchased in Section 16 & 17, Marion Twp . Charles is still farming this land. Two children were born, Norman, and Charlene Love . Fred Love was married to Elna Kleinschmidt in 1940. Fred farmed in Conway Twp . and is semi-retired on land in Conway Twp. Mary Love married Henry Miller in 1946. Four girls were born, Carol, Virginia, Rebecca, and Marlene . The Miller family are farmers in Conway Twp . Bruce Love was married in 1948 to Grace Riemenschneider, they have one son Paul, who is farming with his father , on the family farm. Thus have we briefly traced the settlement here of a small company of English people-men and women of sterling worth-who, to the present time, have honored themselves and the land of their adoption . Bruce Love Scene at Howell Fair in 1915. 43 The A.O. Hutchings home and water-powered mill that stood on North Michigan Ave . near the present M-59 and Oak Grove Road intersection. The Boothy Family By Viola Neil Noah Henry Boothby was born in Lockport New York, 1831. His father was a shoemaker. He learned the trade and came to Michigan, settled in Howell in 1954 on Mason Road. The Indians had a trail that led to the Pinckney Rd. They always left before daylight. Noah married Harriet Borger and moved in town, now Michigan Ave. He enlisted in the infantry with the Fighting Fifths . His little son Willis felt bad . He told him he would make him a pair of copper toed boots and they would have their pictures taken . He made the boots, took the picture . A week after he left for the war. A large team and wagon drove up in front of the house to pick up Noah. He was on his way to Pontiac Mich. The wagon was full of drafted men . Willis stood by the muddy road with his little dog Doie. When the horses started up the dog took off and Willis after the dog. His father tried to make the dog go back . No luck, Willis was mud to his knees . His mother was sick. A young boy went to find Willis. He ran over three miles, lost one boot his father made him . But got home safe. His father's boot and his dog were gone. And a sad little boy was left. Willis was six years old. Noah was wounded in service, his leg was saved after eight months in the hospital until he was able to go back to his work as a carpenter. He ran a shop on State St. Butcher shop carving and shoemaking in the back part. By 1875 the large square houses were built again . Noah Boothby, Willis Boothby and Fred Brockway built most of them. The early ones have a lookout on top, the last ones were flat. Noah built his Ann house around 1879 on N. National. He had five children, Willis Boothby, Jennie Rushford, Albert Boothby, Carrie Brockway, Mettie Laurenze. Noah's wife died and Willis stayed with his father . Noah wanted a larger Methodist church. Nights after work he would take the team and stone boat and draw in large stone, then split them so the men could put up the wall. He got his church and he loved it. Noah passed away in 1914 at 82. Willis went on with the carpenter work. He did finish work and log cabin floors. Willis Boothby married Mary Lawrenze from Detroit in 1897. 44 • He loved baseball and played on the Howell team for years . He liked to fish, he caught 26 fish out of one hole. Frank Cooper got 14 fish out of the same hole. This was the talk of Howell Lake about 1910. The last house he built at the age of 76 years. It was on Fowler and Livingston St. Willis was a Methodist also . He got his first skates on the church Christmas tree at 9 years old. He was a good skater. He had two children, Ethel Frey of Detroit and Viola Dunlop at home. He lost his wife in 1920. He still lives in the home his father built. Viola married John Dunlop. Willis made his home with them for twenty eight years, and died in 1945a t the age of 87. John was employed at the Howell pistons 23 years and Electric Red Bond Motors twenty one. Viola had an antique shop on E. Sibley Street for thirty two years. She retired in 1967-they have four children, all in Howell. Margaret Erb, owner of the Erb Lime Stone on Bower. Robert Dunlop lives in the old Skilbeck house where the cattle buyers stayed on Sibley St. John Dunlap owns the old Blain home on Bigelow and Eager Rd. Betty Sartwell owns the old Wilcox farm in Oceola and Viola still lives in the old home on National that grandad built . Noah Boothby Boothby home , N . National, 1882. The Walker Home This picture was taken in 1913. They are Mr . and Mrs . John Walker and 2 daughters, Ruby and Lucille . The lady standing on the porch is Mrs. Henry Beurman a sister of Mr . Walker . Mr . Walker had retired from his farm on Latson Road and bought the Doctor Mills house at S09 N. State St. 45 Culver's Triangle Yes , I remember when - and I th ink there are numerous other "kids my age"-younger,-older , who recall the good t i mes at Culver ' s T ri angle , espec ially du ri ng the JO's and early 1940' s. My folks, Charles K. and Ruth B. CP hi llips) Culver built and operated the Triangle , located on a triangular piece of land (thus the name ), 2½ miles west of Howell on Grand River Avenue . (I always will remember hear i ng those big trucks shifting and grinding up that steep hill!). The original upright was erected in about 1924, and sometime later , my father enlarged the place by adding a double width room across the front , plus porch and entry. At this time, customer service was provided through one of the front windows for drive -in customers, as well as tables available inside for leisure d ining . We also had the old t i me " crank " gasoline pumps . We sold gas and oi l, there was a cabin so travelers or truckers could stay the night , and we also provided space for house trailers. My mother was an excellent cook and for a time we served home style ch icken dinners w ith all the f i xin's , every week-end . However , it proved to be too much for her , so we specia l ized in sandwiches , homemade pies , etc, from then on . Later, my father further improved and enlarged the bu i lding, by enclosing the front entry. Ours was a family operation and we were the chief cooks and bottle washer. The specialty of the house was a variety of delicious Bar - B-Q sandwiches, C Ham, beef, pork and ch icken) enhanced with a special chili sauce . C People still ask me about them .) Many of the local people were regular customers as well as travelers who made it a point to stoo in for some of our sandwiches whenever they were in the area . The Triangle was also a gathering place for th~ school crowd . They could come there, dance and have a good time , not to worry about static at home as a result . It had a family atmosphere and we knew most of our customers by name . They would stop by after the show , fellows would bring their dates for a snack, groups came out after bowling or playing ball . We often had receptions and other special occasions for those requesting it. My father was a great horse shoe pitcher, and kept a court in readiness on the lawn . Whenever he could, he and a customer or two would take time out for a game . My folks gave me a party one winter-it was either for my 16th Birthday or Valentine ' s Day-not sure now , which, but there were quite a few friends from school. We were having a great time dancing to the Juke Box, probably the Beer Barrel Polka or other lively tune and suddenly the door opened to a nearby buffet and a whole stack of 46 china went rattling onto the floor! Surprisingly, nothing was broken , but the incident stuck in our minds and was laughingly mentioned to me several times after that , by those who had been present . In May , the 21st, 1940 I marr ied Don . B. Britten, who was in business w ith his father, C.E . Br itten , Garage and Wrecker Service at 714 E . Gd . River . C Incidentally , the i r phone number at that time was Number 4). In the fall of 1941 my father died suddenly after a short illness. The second World War was in progress, help was hard to find, and due to this, we initiated a self-serve program into the business which eventually proved to be quite popular, since it made for quicker service . I believe we were one of the first to use this method . An episode of a "near miss" stands out in my memory-We had qu ite a few customers that afternoon, when a tornado struck. The sky was black as night and it sounded like many freight tra ins passing over . We could see the ceil i ng fluctuate and the lights dimmed , blinked and went out . We lit some candles and put them in strategic places. We had a gas stove and oven that we used to heat the sand - wiches , so could continue fo fill the orders for our customers. We were lucky . When the storm abated , we found it had wrecked a big barn across the road , but the funnel had lifted enough to miss our building, although it had ripped off all the railing on the roof. We never found any of the signs it blew away . Another incident that went over with a bang, literally! One of our regular customers was traveling east on Grand River . He decided to stop in that afternoon, but when he started to turn, his auto struck a patch of ice on the pavement and the car smashed into the front entrance of our place before the car stopped moving . The gentleman was alone and was not hurt , nor was anyone hurt in the building, but the coll is ion jam med the front door . It had to be removed before anyone could get i n or out . The accident happened on a week-end, so with canvas draped over the entry as securely as possible C middle of winter}, it was business as usual, for about three weeks until repairs could be made . Three years later , we decided to sell the Triangle. It had been under or iginal ownership for over 20 years . After we sold the business , it changed hands several times, and eventually burned to the ground . Since growing up in the business world , I found that even though my husband was in business and we had a growing family, things didn't seem complete without my having a finger in the pie somewhere! My husband and his father discontinued the garage-wrecker business and went into Excavation work for a number of years . Many local people had their basements excavated and lawns graded by C.E . Britten and Son. During this time Don bought his father's share of the business, then later sold the equipment and we entered the new and used furniture business at our farm, still in the Howell area. About 1 s years later we sold the farm and moved to our present location. There has been an unusual twist in our world of business. I play with dolls all day-how's that for a fun occupation? I am referring to Herriette's Doll Hospital and Sales, 205 E . M59, Howell. It is a unique and extremely busy home business where local and distant Michiganders, as well as out of state customers bring or send ailing dolls for "tender, loving care". All kinds of antique and near antique dolls travel many miles to the hospital to be restored back to health. An unlimited variety of handmade costumes are fashioned for these dolls in appropriate styles. Designing originals, or copying old garments or pictures is a specialty. Wigs, stands and other accessories, dressed dolls, kits, old fashioned sunbonnets in all sizes and colors for dolls, children and grown-ups are displayed in the showrooms. This is our 5th year in "Dolls" and we are celebrating along with the Bicentennial. The doll has a limp, and her hair is a mess- There's a pain in her sawdust, she needs help-oh yes! An arm is missing and her eyes are crossed- Her clothing's in shreds and she feels so lost. The poor little darling, long lost in the attic- Send her to Harriette--no need to get frantic. Dolls are my business, its a pleasure for sure- All manner of dolls come here for "the cure"! Now her body's restrung, or patched if its leather- Her eyes are working and she's all together. Every hair is in place--a real lady, but oh- Last but not least-now, wouldn't you know? A new wardrobe to suit her is next, I trust- Especially designed for her age is a must! A little girl and her Christmas gifts. Undies so fine, with tucks, ribbons and lace- Then a gown that is stylish, to flatter her face . No matter the problem, there's always a way- To fix up your doll, so send her today! HARRIETTE ROSE CULVER BRITTEN 47 cars . The Craft Family Laura Jane Hunn was born in Bronson Michigan April 22, 1848. She with her parents Gideon and Anna Hunn moved to this farm in 1850, when she was only two years old . And where for more than 70 years she lived . She was married to George Craft Feb. 17, 1869. George Craft was born in Orange County , N .Y February 11, 1837. Came to Michigan in 1863. Lived in Genoa Township, worked around Chilson when he met and married Laura Jane Hunn of Marion Township. To them were born two children . Harvey G. Craft and Hattie Craft . Hattie Craft married Charley Rider of Handy Township. They had one child, Cecil Rider . Harvey G. Craft was born on the Hunn farm in 1870, and in 1901 he met and married Edith Mabel Pierce, to them were born 6 children. Eveline, Walter, Anna, Leila, Rex and Bruce . After their marriage they lived with his folks a while then bought the Gail farm and lived there 2 years . They had to sell, come back and care for his father and mother . George Craft died January 19, 1913. Laura Jan Hunn Craft on Oct . 24, 1921. She lived on the farm all her life, except 2 years . There was a log house that stood farther West in the field from the house. We have no picture of the log house. The old part of the house that now stands is well over 100 years old. The beams are logs that were cut from the farm. The new part was built in 1900. The land in the farm was considered about the best in the township. Our greatest attraction was our windmill. It was one that would tilt, so it could be worked on without climbing up . We did this good many times for people to let them see how it works . Only one like that for miles around . Our first car, a Regal, black leather top, we think about a 1913 model. George Craft as a young man worked at the Ann Arbor railroad . When it first went through Howell, Howell was just a swamp he remembers . Our great-great-grandfather Parson Hunn had a big peach orchard. He had one special kind of peach people seem to want called milkatune. It was quite a large peach. I remember I saw just one of them. After some years passed his grandson Harvey wanted to follow in his grandfathers' steps. He started out berries, for a year or two. 48 Then he started his peach orchard, but couldn't find a milkatune peach, so he put in some apple trees. He always had a good sale in Howell and around. He always let the people come to the orchard which they all loved to do . The women would gather the fruit up in their aprons, which my father liked to see. He knew they were all happy , Anna M . Craft 8am Builders Barn building 1913 at the Hardy farm Highland Rd . by the Gontack brothers and Frank Daniels (holding hammer) long time resident of Howell. Frank's parents Paddy & Catherine Daniels came to this area 50 from Arthur, Canada and lived on Greene Rd. Later when the house burned, Frank moved his family to the house on Eager Rd . which is still standing . The Smith Farm, 1835 By Harold F. Smith The farm (Section 7, Marion Twp.) was taken up from the Government on September 16th, 1835 by my great , great grandfather, Stoddard Smith. He came to Michigan from Greenville, New York at that time. His son, Pierpont, came to Byron Michigan from New York a short time before, and built and operated a water powered mill in that settlement. Soon after 1835, Pierpont came to Marion Twp. and purchased property adjoining that of Stoddard's. The Gus Smith that is mentioned in the Civil War report in The Howell Bicentennial History was Pierpont's son, Wm. Augustus Smith, an older brother of my Grandfather, Junius. Junius also was a soldier in the Civil War was wounded in the same battle in which Gus received his fatal injuries. Stoddard Smith and wife, Betsy Lee, were two of the first burials in the Lake Cemetery, he in 1842 and she in 1847. In later years, Pierpont and his wife and their three sons and three daughters were also buried there . My grandfather, ShropshireS heep Timothy Smith , former post master in Howell and Robert R . Smith, grandfather of Louis Parker Hicks in the i r sheep shearing clothes . This probably was taken about 1868-1870. They acquired quite a reputation for shearing the largest number of sheep in a single day . Junius, was the only one of this large family to have a family (my father , Gus B. Smith, and his two sisters). I am the only son of Gus B. and now own the farm. Now our son, Ron, also has a home on this farm . Order of descendents of owners of this farm (Sec. 7, Marion Twp. Liv. Co.) Stoddard Smith-1835 Pierpont Smith Junius Smith Gus B. Smith Harold L. Smith also Ronald M. Smith now has a home on this property. It has never been out of the Smith family since 1835. Indian Legend This Indian Tree is one of six in the state. It is at Cedar Point on Cedar Lake . The legend is when Indian tribes make peace treaties they would take a small oak and bend it in this shape. They would then be friends as long as the tree lived. The tree is believed to be 300 years old . Reed F annhouse Rocky Ridge, dairy and fruit farm on Jewell Road owned by Hiram E. Reed and his wife Rebecca Tubbs Reed. Starting in the early 1900's, their sons, J. Lewis, then Charles P. Reed managed this farm in Marion Township. This picture shows the back of the 14-room house with the windmill used for power . Note under the clump of bushes near the side porch, the stepping-stone rock for passengers and hitching post for buggies. The farm totaled 180 acres, part of it backed on the north side by the Michigan State Sanatorium . Charles P. Reed ( 1878-1955) had master degree in horticulture from Michigan State University and spent five years with the U.S. Department of Agriculture before returning to the farm . He served on the board of directors of the Howell Co-op Company for 27 years and as its president for several terms. His wife , Ora Woodin Reed, remembers leaving the farm at 2 a .m . to take a load of fruit to Detroit's Eastern Market . After the cows were milked, Charles would follow with a second load. All kinds of small fruit were grown on the farm . During harvest time about 40 pickers were needed. Ora Reed recalls when the telephone was installed there were 23 subscribers on their party line. 51 Reed Leader in Holsteins R. Clark Reed was one of the leading livestock growers in Michigan. He owned one of the largest herds of Holstein-Fresian cattle. Fairlawn Farm, located North-East of Howell, owned by Reed- Knowels was known throughout the state for its Champion Holstein cattle. The Diamond Dot Market now occupies that location . Reed was a candidate for Michigan governor in 1906. He was one of the founders of the Michigan Milk Producers Association. He was secretary of the Livingston County Breeders Association and President of the Holstein-Fresian Association . Clark came with his Father Linus and stepmother Hulda, from Cortland County N.Y. to this state in 1865. They settled just South of Howell where his Father owned and operated what was later known as the Parsons Farm, located in Genoa Twp. I'I ' II II Liebermans in 1947 Liebermans Farm Service In the early 1900's Elmer Lieberman ran a very successful business in Detroit Mich . on the weekends he and his family visited his cottage in Oak Grove . As the depression approached he felt he should sell his business in Detroit. In 1930 Elmer and his oldest son John decided to purchase a garage and start a family business to service the rural community of Oak Grove . Elmer's first business was located in the back of a barn located on the corner of Sanford and Faussett Rd. in Oak Grove, now owned by his son Harold . Business was doing so well that Elmer purchased a much larger building on Hicks Rd . now Faussett Rd. formerly owned by the Rohrabacher family, adjacent to Pearce's Store . Elmer was not only a good mechanic but a good machinest , he also was director of local schools. By about 1940 John was married and returned to Detroit and Elmer's younger sons Arnold, Harold and Donald worked for their father in the garage . By about 1945 Elmer purchased another building across the street from S. Campbell formerly a grocery store and used this building to sell farm equipment and implements also many other misc. items. Later in the 1950's still another building was purchased in Oak Grove from Fred Bell who used it as a Blacksmith Shop . Elmer used his new building to assemble large farm machinery . Later the building was used as a body shop by his youngest son Donald . Elmer and sons spent many long enjoyable hours meeting new people and serving the community . The business was sold in 1967 and is missed by all. Barbara Lieberman , Pat Lieberman Van Patten And Marguerite Lieberman 'th~~ Delivering a new tractor in 1947. 53 Anderson School on the corner of Cedar Lake Road and Jewell, 1933. 1st row-L. to R.-Merrit , Merrit, Donna Marshall, Martin, Pearl Marshall, Harden, Wayne Hayden, Unknown, Gorden Ely, LaRue Mead, 2nd row-Unknown, John Harmon Jr., Unknown, 3rd row- 54 Beverly Mead, Merrit, Merrit, Eleanor Harter, Doris Harmon, Sumner Drew, Donald Harter, Samuel Bailo, Teacher, Cystal Steinacher, Merrit, William Martin . The Drew Farm Townsend D r ew , wife Sarah and two year old son Sheridan headed west from the fi nger lakes region of New York in 1936 in a wagon pulled by oxen . They reached M i chigan in the spring of the same year , as they were fording the spring flooded Shiawassee River , the wagon got wet and their youngest daughter, who was born on the journey died . They settled there at the grave site, section 3 of Marion Townsh i p. This was later called the Drew Cemetery still located on County Farm Road directly across from the entrance to Hillcrest Center . Townsend took up 23S acres from the government and went on to acquire 6S4 acres total. The first framed house in Marion Township was built for Townsend Drew and his family by Thomas Bennett, which now stands at 2800 Norton Road . Townsend and wife Sarah had eight children . Sarah and the youngest son Mired died of a virus within the same week . Townsend remarried Jane Austin in 1847 and had eight more children . Sheridan Drew , Townsend ' s eldest sond married Eliza Love in 1863. His father gave him 71 acres west of his farm . Sheridan Drew was a farmer and a poet , he lived to be 93. His wife Eliza was coming home from town on Walnut Street as a train was approaching, it frightened the horses into a run-a-way and she was thrown from the buggy and was killed in 1910. Their first child Byron died at age one . Eula married Willard Hoyt of Marion Township . They both were school teachers for 17 years in Chicago and returned to Howell. Mary married Fredrick Phelps and they were divorced . Mary remarr ied Samuel Lyons of Howell. Both Eula and Mary were childless. Their fourth child, a daughter died at age two . Arthur L. Drew the youngest son married Louise Marlow. Her father , Charles Marlow owned the land that Hillcrest Center is located on. The State of Michigan wanted to build a hospital on Charles Marlows land because it was the highest point in Southern Michigan . The State requis itioned the land from the Marlow ' s, then they bought the Clement's farm west of their original land which is now 1205 Cedar Lake Road . Louise Marlow Drew, their only child, inherited the farm. The farm was ran by various share-croppers until 192S when a renter could not be found . Louise and Arthur had to sell their farm on Latson Road to farm on Cedar Lake Road. Louise and Arthur had four sons, Morris, Ellis, Theron and Sumner . The three oldest sons married and went to seek their livelihood elsewhere . Sumner being the youngest son, decided to carry on the farm which he bought from Arthur in 1949. Sumner now owns and operates a productive dairy farm . Sumner Charles Drew r .. The wedding picture of Catherine M. Frank Pipp and William F . Pipp, taken November 2S, 1886. 72nd Wedding Anniversary, 19SS, of William F , and Catherine M. Pipp . William was born in 1863, died May 21, 19S8. Catherine was born June 8, 1862, died November 1S, 19S8. 55 The Family of James Curdy By Arnold J . Reed James Mccurdy was born in New Hampshire on May 17, 1782 and was raised in Vermont . James married Cynthia Walton on February 17, 1807, probably in Vermont. Cynthia died in New York State on March 5, 1835. To this marriage ten children were born. Matilda, James Jr., Miron, Levana, Thomas, Calista, Wilson, Willis, Myron, and Danial. All lived in various parts of the country. Thomas died on March 17, 1898 at Milford, Michigan. Calista died on April 6, 1886 at South Boston, Michigan . Wilson died in September of 1855 at South Boston. Myron died on January 22, 1904 at Oceola Twp. , Livingston County . Danial died on June 25, 1913 also in Oceola Twp. Myron and Danial are both buried in Riddle Cemetery . James moved to this State in 1836 with at least part of his family . He settled in Highland, Oakland County, remaining there about two years and then moving to Deerfield Twp. Livingston County. The tax rolls, lists him as owning thirty acres in section 32 with a valuation of sixty dollars . During his lifetime he dropped the "Mc" from Mccurdy. The family has used the name Curdy since that time. James and Mary Roberts were married on September 12, 1841 by Aroswell Lamb, minister of Gospel at Parshallville . James died on June 3, 1848. Mary died on September 29, 1856. Both are buried at Parshallville . Old tombstones mark the graves . LOUISE SKELTON CURDY l)nnrsrlf an1' tL11'frs an· O::nr1'iallu Jlnbik1' tn Atknll an ®lo D,ntCt' 11!t l1r An1litn1·imtt , l·foludl, J·Hirl ]., Jlfrit1a~~ ftmin:1,, ]Jmmar~ 8tl1, 1913, 11t I:igl 1t-tltirtu p. n1. Uill :rn U.:rult1 56 FRANCIS CURDY CATHERINE CURDY MYRON CURDY SON OF JAMES CURDY Myron was born on November 29, 1825 in New York State . He moved to Michigan with his Father about 1836. He married Frances Smith and to this union , two children were born , Fobes was born on January 27, 1850, and Fred was born in 1868. Myron died on January 22, 1904, and Frances died on June 28, 1914. Fobes d ied on June 14, 1850. All are buried in the Riddle Cemetery . THOMAS SPENCER SPAULDING SON OF DANIAL CURDY Spencer was born in Ionia County Campbell Twp. on December 8, 1854. He moved to Oceola Twp . w ith his parents and sister in 1864. On September 26, 1876, Spencer married Lou ise Skelton . To th is marriage were born four children. Max was born on September 3, 1877 in Oceola . Mark Bayard was born on May 25, 1879 in Oceola . Roy Danial was born on June 11, 1881 in Oceola . And Mary Alta was born on September 19, 1885 in Oceola. Louise died on November 12, 1885. On November 25, 1886 Spencer marr ied Lydia Pruden . Lydia died on December 28, 1887. Spencer again marr ied, this t i me to Minerva Pierce on April 16, 1889. Spencer died at Howell on October 12, 1933, and is buried in Lakeview Cemetery . DANIAL SCHUYLER CURDY SON OF JAMES CURDY Danial was born on April 10, 1827 at Clarence , New York . At the age of nine or ten , he came with his Father to Michigan and settled at Highland . After remaining there about two years , he again moved , th is time to Livingston County, M ichigan . On August 8, 1852, he married Catherine Snell. Cather i ne was born in Elmiva N .Y . on March 2, 1828. Coming to Michigan, Oceola Twp., Livingston County in 1836. Shortly after their marriage, Danial and Catherine moved to Ion ia County Campbell Twp . Here their two children were born . Thomas Spencer Spaulding and Corie Annette . About the year 1864 they returned to Oceola Twp . where they lived the remainder of their lives. Danial owned and operated the D .S. Curdy Farm . Danial died on June 25, 1913 in Oceola . Catherine died on March 27, 1901 in Oceola . Both are bur ied in Riddle Cemetery . 57 The Hosley home taken in 1930. Spring Valley Farm-I IO Years Wm . Hosley and son, Roger taken in 1924 by Emil Bode . 58 The buildings on the Hosley farm on Fisher Rd . The 100ft sheep and hay barn in the foreground. The renovated house in background. Wm . James Hosley , ( 1869-1927) , son of Elijah and Nancy Hosley and his wife , Jennie Parker (1883-1972) Hosley taken in 1899. Great Grandparents of Hosleys Elijah Beach Hosley ( 1845-1920) and his wife , Nancy Maria Lawther Hosley (1847)1917) taken on their wedding day, December 28, 1868. Elijah B . Hosley and his wife, Nancy Maria Lawther Hosley-taken in 1917. Clarence Hosley at Spring Valley Farm taken by Emil Bode i n 1921. 59 Wm. James and Jennie Hosley's children taken in 1916 by Emil Bode. Kneeland School Pupils of the Kneeland School on Fisher Rd . at west end of Curdy Road . Taken in 1916-1917. Teacher: Winifred Cone. Back row: Clarence Hosley, Roger Hosley, Fred Hornung, Wilfred Hosley . Front 60 row : Martha Hosley (Musson), Eleanor Hornung, Ena Bedford , Joyce Wilcox ( Drayton), llah Durfee, Ila Wilcox ( Rossman), Louise Hornung and Gladys Wilcox . The Hosley family at a Thanksgiving gathering in 1974 (21 of the family missing) . The house and barns at the Hosley farm after the tornado on April 17, 1941. 61 Minnie Leah Copeland (Mrs . Wm . H. Peavy), Mr. Alfred Copeland, Harriet Sharpe Copeland . 62 Blue Ribbon Team Grandpa Elijah B. Hasley and his blue ribbon pair of horses at the Livingston County Fair in Howell in 1917. Roger Hosley DeVries Family Dr. J .R. De Vries , Mrs . H.L . Williams, Mrs . J.R. DeVries, ( Frances Williams) daughter of H.L . Williams, who, for many years, was a Howell business man and active in church and civic groups . The Devries reside in Owosso . Frances for many years worked in Howell as a care worker for the Emergency Relief Commission . The Hacker House The two story brick house was built by Frank and Tilly Hacker, in 1883. They had one son Ben . The house replaced a log cabin and was the main house on their large dairy farm . Frank was the first farmer in the county to drive a gas driven tractor . The original house was designed with 5 bedrooms upstairs, a front parlor, large living room, with bay on the south side, large dining room, and kitchen. Through the years the house has been redesigned, inside and out . But some of the spacious 10 ft. ceilings and large rooms still remain. Joseph & Tilly Foldenauer and children lived in the house and ran the farm for about 25 years following the Hackers, and possibly one other family . In 1973 the house was purchased by it's present owners, Paul & Barbara Buwa and their two children . A new demension in the lovely house is the 3 sided field stone and brick fire place that opens into both the living room and dining room. Historical Museum Depot Museum The Toledo-Ann Arbor Depot located at the foot of North Walnut Street was built in 1885-1886. A plank covered tunnel under N . Michigan , State and Court streets to Barnard, carried the tracks east to Grand River, crossing south at about the site of an early Toll Gate on Grand River road . The Depot was purchased in 1970 Dy the Livingston County Historical Society as a museum to house a large DAR collection of memorabilia pertaining to the past of Livingston County. Generous contributions from Livingston County residents have been added to the original collection. Funds for the purchase of the Depot from the railroad were obtained by an auction and County Fair in August of 1969. Total county-wide support made this all day event a great success. The museum and grounds are maintained by the members of the society with proceeds from the Flea Market held on the grounds during the Annual Howell Melon Festival. PAT MALAFOURIS 63 Mrs. Nellie Lansing Glenn Nellie Deborah Lansing shown sitting in her office at the Michigan State Sanatorium . The "San " opened September, 1907. During the first three years , Nellie Lansing was secretary and receptionist , handling patient records, account books and correspondence . On September 7, 1910, she married Dr . Bernard H . Glenn, who had been assistant superintendent of the sanatorium from August to December, 64 1908. They resided in Fowlerville where Dr . Glenn had his medical practice . Nellie Lansing Glenn (1881-1975) was active in the D.A .R. , was charter member of the Livingston County Historical Society , and was a noted expert on the people and history of Livingston County . Mary V . Reed A Howell g i rl , Nellie Lansing , who later married Fowlerville's Dr . B.H . Glenn , for many years was known as Livingston County's historian. Her demise in 1975 saddened many , many hearts. A large part of the DAR , and in recent years the Livingston County Historical Society , were the handiwork of Nellie Glenn . Permanently affixed in the depot museum in Howell of the LCHS is this bronze plaque, recently presented to the Society by two 1911 Howell High grads, Harold Armstrong now of California and George D . Monroe of Howell. Mrs. Nellie Lansing Glenn, a Howell girl of a noted Howell family, married Fowlerville physician Dr . Bernard Glenn , and was the beloved historian of the DAR locally . Later she helped organize the Livingston County Historical Society, and each Chr istmas opened her home to the membership for an old fashioned Christmas . Here in 1971 she chats with Mrs. Dorothy Blanchard , center, president of the LCHS , and with Mrs . Barbara Pettibone , wife of museum curator Norman Pett i bone , both Howell ladies . Anel A . Quigley in front of his gas station at Pinckney Rd . and Coon Lake Rd . in 1934. Quigley Gas Station Quigley came with his folks when six years old in 1872 from New York State to Chesaning , Mich . In 1933 he moved to "Wright's Corners " with his wife Eugenia (Carpenter) , (she was born in Fowlerville and l ived in Howell for many years) and a son Kenneth, just out of high school. Anel had barbered in Chesan ing for 48 years, so he had a barber chair in the station and also sold some candy and tobacco in the limited space . Additional liv i ng quarters were added , but Mr. Quigley passed away in 1939. The station was kept open by Mrs. Quigley and others for a few years , but eventually became the residence of Dorothy and Kenneth Qu igley . In 1960 the corner was sold to Russel Bens i nger, and the Quigleys moved to a new house on the N .W . corner of the four acres . Eugenia passed away in 1956. K.A . Quigley Maycock Centennial Home Th is picture of the Maycock home was taken about f ifty years ago . It is not known how old the house is as it was on the property when James and Mary Ann Maycock, with their three daughters, came from Canada and bought the farm in 186S. Later a son, Harry , was born here . The farm has remained in the family and the third generation of the family lives here . Harry and Carr ie M itchell Maycock , with their three~ons, Donald , Leslie , and Harold , next owned the farm . Now it is owned by Harold and Loreene Maycock who are the parents of Susan Brooks of Detroit and Sarah Coselman of Fowlerville . At one time the house faced on Pingree Road but later the interior 66 was changed to face on Coon Lake Road . The exterior of the house has not been changed in all these years except to be covered with asbestos shi ngles . During the past forty years the house has been modernized with electric ity and running water . The spacious lawn in front of the house still has the large catalpa tree that was here in 186S. It is bel ieved to be one of the largest in the state . Four generations of the family have enjoyed the lawn , and shade of the old tree . Mrs. Harold J . Maycock The Family Car This picture of the Harry Maycock family was taken about 1917 when Donald , the oldest son, was home on furlough from Camp Custer. Don later served in France during the war . Soon after his return he married Sarah Batchelor of Oceola Township and moved to Howell where he opened a tire and battery shop in the building now occupied by the Standard Office Supply . Don was a Howell businessman for many years before his death in 1959. Harold J . Maycock / Green School This old school picture was taken of the Green School in Marion Township located on the corner of Pingree and Vines Roads. This bui lding is still standing but has been converted to a home . Among the families represented in the picture are those of Smith , Ward, Backhus , Moore , Haynes, Horwood , White , Tilson , Devons, Bliss, and Maycock . The Ward and Maycock families are still represented in the neighborhood . Harold J. Maycock 67 I I. The Brady House Though others lived there before us, and after us, the white house with its cupola, charcoal shutters and Victorian wrap-around front porch, at 108 South Street and East Grand River, came to be known as "The Brady House" possibly because our family's tenure was the longest, some 47 years. It has been occupied since 1966 by its present owner, the Ray Kleehammers . Recorded as "Village Lot No. S9 on the Whipple Addition to the Village of Howell," the house is believed to have been built and first occupied by Philo B. Wines and his wife Mary E., some time beforeor just into-the 1870s. It is clearly delineated, from cupola to barn, in an old "bird's-eye-view" picture map of Howell now hanging on a wall of the Old Howell House. Another copy of the map may be seen in the old Howell depot , headquarters of the Livingston County Historical Society . Our parents, Matthew B. and Blanche C. Brady, purchased the house about 1910 from the Winton Fishbeck family, who had bought it in 1903. Records show previous owners to have been the Elizabeth M . Field Family ( 187S to 1896) and Harriet M . and Frank Bailey (1896 to 1903). The exterior of the house, when we moved there, was of white wooden siding, which my father later had covered with "Kello Stone" much in vogue at the time. Now the house appears much the same as it first did to us, since the Kleehammers recently had the old gray stone covered with narrow white vinyl siding . The front porch was also much the same as now, except that my father had it slightly extended, and this porch became almost an extra "room" for us in the summer . We all enjoyed it, but my father, especially, liked sitting there and visiting with the neighbors as they passed by or stopped for . a chat . How times have changed! From some blinds which we found stored in the attic, I am led to believe that the house originally had small windows. However, the existing large windows were in place when we moved there. Various structural changes were made by my parents through the years that followed. Doors and walls were added here, taken away there. A bedroom off the dining room was incorporated into the parlor, and this alcove we call the "music room." The old -fashioned large kitchen was divided, to form an efficient galley kitchen and a generous breakfast room. A woodshed attached to the rear of the house became the present enclosed back porch . A basement was dug under the main part of the house, to supplement the original Michigan cellar. Heat was originally furnished by a base burner in the East Room and by the kitchen range. Registers in the downstairs ceilings carried heat to the bedrooms above . The parlor was little used in winter! 68 Howell had no sewer system when we moved there, and I remember being impressed, as a child, that a switch by the back door turned the light on in the outside "privy." When the sewers were installed, my father had a toilet put into the basement-a great comfort, especially in the winter! Later on, a full bath and half bath were added. I remember clearly, when they were digging for sewers in front of the house, of their digging up remains of the old plank road which ran from Detroit to Lansing. In the early days of our residence, we had four kinds of fruit growing in the yard-a very large cherry tree, a fairly large pear tree, a quince bush, and the same grape vine that still climbs the trellis by the side porch. There were also lilacs and spirea bushes and roses . I have many happy memories of our days in this home . My sisters Katherine and Helen were born there . Fortunately, each of us had plenty of playmates our own ages in the neighborhood. And my brother Edmund and I had a team of Shetland ponies that won us a first prize one Fourth of July, also prizes at the first Livingston County Fair . JOSEPH V. BRADY Wooden Classic Howell has one of only a handful of rare wooden Classic Greek Revival homes left, in the state of Michigan . Crandall Realty and the home of L. Harold Crandall , at 322 East Grand River , is a historical landmark . Greek Revival architecture was used sparingly, in Michigan, before the Civil War . Thomas Jefferson is credited with bringing the style to America. About the time of the Revolutionary War, the home owners in the East popularized the style for residential housing . Soon after our pioneers moved here , the style filtered into our area as it became settled. Almon Whipple was a postmaster for Howell, for six years . In 1848 he had this home built for him and his wife, Mary. There has been only four owners of the home since then and the home's exterior remains virtually the same . Zinas and Sarah Crossman owned the home from 1864 to 1908. One hundred years ago, they had decorative glazed art tile added to surround the fireplace openings. Carved cherry fireplace mantels were added in the living and dining rooms. The clear glass surrounding the front door was replaced with beautiful colored glass which is still there. Dr. Jeannette Brigham, a practicing physician, bought the home from the Crossman estate in 1908. She owned the home for thirty years. The Detroit Edison Company, owned the property for a short time, before selling the property to Mr . Crandall in 1943. In recent years, Mr. Crandall, his business partner, son-in -law Harry Griffith, and daughter Mary , have purchased the corner lot next to the house which was the original Whipple lot . With the help of grandchildren Scott and Carol Griffith, the now vacant lot has been developed into a parking garden in hopes to preserve the character of a lovely Greek Revival structure. Mary Griffith j Milford Home The Harvey Milford home at 218 South Walnut has a history that dates back at least 117 years . In 1835 Alex Fraser, father of Mrs. John D. Pinckney sold land to David Wetmore and Edward Brooks and they proceeded to plat the 120 acres into the village . A man named Andrews is believed to have built the Milford home . Andrews was a shrewd business man ; he owned a hardware business with Edward B. Winans ; he carried a stock of carriages, buggies and farm equipment, and because he was so astute, he owned the marble shop and provided monuments whenever necessary . Schoeberlein Home The Greek Revival farm house at 1016 North Michigan Avenue has long been a landmark in Howell . It was built about 1840, and was known as the Bower farm for many years . Mrs . Esther Clark told me that as a young girl she walked to the house to buy m i lk each day from Mrs . Bower . Many people in the area did the same each day . The farm land surrounding the house extended back to what is now Bower Street , and occupied much of the McPherson Subdivision. My mother and father , Audrey and William "Percy " Richards , lived in this home their entire marr ied life , from 1937 until 1966. Many classmates from my sister Rosemary Earl's class of 1956, and my class of 1958 may recal: the many gatherings enjoyed in the home . I remember one night we were allowed to have thirty-six girls in for a pajama party. Mr . and Mrs . John Schoeberlein are now owners of the home , and have done extensive remode ling to beautify the old home. Ra i ny Richards Kirchhoff Stapleton House This is how the Stapleton home looked originally . It was built in 1852. The front porch has since been changed . The side entrance to the old k itchen has been removed and a rear entrance made . The outline of the old well still shows in the back yard. Mr . Stapleton in the earl y days also owned the lots to the west where the large cement block house and red brick house are located . Th is part of the property was the family "cow lot ." The home is located at 321 West Sibley Street and is the home of Marie Wenk. She has done remodeling to the interior also and it is still a very pleasant home . Phyllis Eu ler Rancour Crandall Home The Tracy F. Crandall home in the 1940s. 3792 Byron Road . Tracy F . Crandall and Ada E . Howe were married in 1907 and remained on Ada ' s childhood home after the death of her mother Adelpha Howe (Mrs . Eugene E .l Their ch i ldren were born and grew up here ; Helen E . now Mrs. Allred Vogel , Rhodora now Mrs . Lamar Wood , Eugene Merle , Tracy Ralph , and Alice Louise now Mrs. G . Howard Walter . Tracy and Ada became members of the Methodist Church at an early age which continued through their l ives . Tracy being interested i n civic and community affairs as well as farming held either a township or county office continuously through the years . Both Tracy and Ada were accustomed to farm life and accomplishing a full day of work before retir ing. In the late 1940s the farm was sold to son Tracy Ralph Crandall who had been operating the farm for some time previously. Tracy F . d ied of heart illness in 1952. In 1954 his w idow , Ada (Howe) Crandall built a house at 209 N . Court Street i n the city of Howell, where she lived comfortabl y for nineteen years . She is now l iving at Defiance , Ohio near her son -in-law and daughter, Mr . and Mrs . George Howard Walter . The son Tracy Ralph Crandall died very suddenly in 1964. Rhodora Wood 69 Rubert House The apartment house on the corner of South Court Street and Sibley Street is a portion of a hotel that was originally located on Grand River and South Court, where John Howell's service station is now located . This was formerly a hotel known as the "Rubert House ," built sometime in the late 1840's by William C. Shaft , who ran a line of stages between Howell and Detroit . The hotel changed hands from time to time. In 1860 it was purchased by Amos S. Adams, who ran the establishment as the "Adams House ." Adams was succeeded by Joseph H . Steel, who was followed by owner brothers, Cyrum and Handel Winship, and it was then known as the "Winship House ." Benjamin H. Rubert , who engaged in the hotel business in Novi purchased the property and moved in it , in 1867. He enlarged the building, adding a third story, and it was probably at this time that the addition known as the "big dining room" was made to the hotel. From 70 that time and as long as the building was occupied as a hotel , it was known as the "Rubert House ." Here Mr. and Mrs . Rubert lived and had a thriving and prosperous business. Their son Seth B. Rubert, continued to operate the business until 1907. By this time Seth Rubert had married Elizabeth Cummiskey, and had three daughters, Alta , Mary and Hazel. Alta later became the wife of William McPherson Spencer, and Hazel married L. Harold Crandall , all of Howell. Mary Rubert never married . After the Foskett Brothers of Byron sold to a Mr . Wilcox, he divided the house moving a portion to the place where it now stands as apartments. Mary Griffith Daughter of Harold and Hazel Crandall J :.--\( - ~".'. ,_.. ...... Teacher Mary Perkins and her pupils of the Howe School on Byron Road about 1911. Seymour & Phebe Howe The Seymour E. Howe home which they built on Byron Road, 4 mi. north of Howell, when they came to Michigan from New York in the late 1850s. The Howe Home By Rhodora (Crandall) Wood In October , 1856 my great grandparents Seymour E. and Phebe Ann Howe moved from Genesee County, New York with their family of five children to Livingston County, Michigan . They located in Howell Township, Sec. 15, three miles north of Howell on the Byron Road . The children : Alice C., Eugene E. , Mary Jane , Martha Ann, and Willie C. were very young at the time and the family found hardship and difficulties the first few years . Son George F . and daughter, Ida were born in Howell Township a few years later . However, as the children grew older and became very helpful the family began to enjoy a more prosperous life. The need of schools at this time was great. Seymour E . and Phebe Ann Howe gave the small piece of land from their propert y on the southeast corner as the site where the Howe School District No. 2 was built in the early 1860s. (Picture-- on page 133 in First Edition ). Some of the first school board members and teachers were : 1866/ 67-Enos W. Hill, Director and Clerk ; 1868/ 69-L. Barnhart , Director and Clerk ; 1870-Enos W. Hill, Director and Clerk ; 1866-Franklin Spring, Teacher-4 months- Summer School; 1866-Philander Bennett, Teacher-16 weeks-Winter School; 1967-Alice C. Howe, Teacher , Summer School; 1867-Andrew J . Whitaker , Teacher , Winter School; 1869-Mary E . Swits, Teacher , Summer School; 1869-Charles P . Graham, Teacher , 14 weeks-Winter School; 1870-L . W. Mills, Teacher , 12 weeks-Winter School; 1870-L . W. Mills, Teacher, 12 weeks-Winter School; 1870-Franc Wheeler, Teacher , 16 weeks-Summer School; 1866/ 67- Seymour E. Howe, Moderator of School Board ; 1868/ 69- Seymour E . Howe, Moderator of School Board . For more than eighty years the Howe School served the community on many occasions, such as : spelling bees, church and Sunday school services and township voting. In the 1950s the school building and fixtures were sold to Howell Public Schools. A few months later the building was purchased by a resident in the Howe School District , Arthur A. Macauley , who donated the building to Howell Township to be used for the purpose of voting as well as a community center for social gatherings. The Howell Township Clerk, Roy E . Latson and wife, Maxine have done an excellent job of supervising , which makes the old school in its present roll as Howell Township Hall the pleasant place that it is today . 71 Henry Whipple's Hotel located on the N.W. corner of S. Michigan and Sibley St. Mrs. Whipple was John Musson's sister, Ann Musson Whipple. ..._. ·~· »·,. Sabatos Home The Donald Sabatos home on E. Highland Road, Oceola Township, was built in 1849 by Mr . Joel Rumsey. The home is unique in that it was constructed primarily of cobblestones laid in measured rows, an art which flourished between 1825 and the Civil War. Although a second story and a wing have been added to the original 'five rooms and upper loft, the main stonework remains intact and one wall now 72 enhances the interior decor . This is one of but a handful of such homes in Michigan and it is registered with The Cobblestone Society "dedicated to the Preservation of Cobblestone Architecture in America." Donald E. Sabatos The Muasona Thomas Musson and his wife Ann Potterton Musson . Thomas came to the United States from England with his parents and lived in Oceola Township where they formed . John Musson , son of Thomas and Ann Musson, his wife . Elmenetta Parker, and their family Mabel , Clay Thomas, Ollie and Estelle. John and Elmeretta Musson's home on Pingree Rd. in Marion Township from 1896 to 1903. In 1903 the Mussons moved from the Pingree Rd . home to one on Pinckney Rd . 73 Howell Roads and Rails Road gang on Owosso Road , 1921. If~{ The road gang digging up Grand River for the paving in 1915. The last passenger train on the Ann Arbor R.R . stops in Howell, 1951 • As the cars got larger and faster, the accidents got worse . /I ~ 80 1-96 Opening, December 12, 1962, State Highway Commission, John C. Mackie, Mrs. John Mackie, Lawrence Gehringer, Clifton Heller. Mike Hagman's gas station as it was in the 1930's. 81 The Pere Marquette depot, east of Michigan Ave . 82 The Diesels replaced the steam locomotives in the 1950's. The Ann Arbor Railroad By Bob Wilhelm Research and interviews : Jeff Shaffer, Jim Sinclair, Fred Burike, Bob Wilhelm. Special thanks to the crews and dispatchers, past and present, whose reminiscents made this report possible. Recovering from the Panic of 1893, the Ann Arbor Railroad emerged from bankruptcy . From 1900 to 1925 prosperity reigned. The financial problems of the 1890's were headed by the high start up costs of the carferry operations. Being the first on the lakes there was much room for mistake. After 1900t he Lake Michigan operations became profitable. Poor public relations , questionable cost-cutting construction methods, and suspicions created during the Ashley regime added to the problems. During this twenty-five years of prosperity, the independent railroad provided good service . The people along the right of way had confidence. On May 19, 1925 the Wabash Railroad purchased the stock of the Ann Arbor. The sale was made because it would be easier to raise money for improvements if owned by a larger railroad . Under Wabash control the railroad would have a better balanced traffic pattern . The Ann Arbor preserved its corporate identity, but the route was managed from the Wabash corporate headquarters in Saint Louis. The Great Depression was not good to American railroads . Both the Wabash and the Ann Arbor declared bankruptcy . The roads were reorganized and once again became profitable just before the outbreak of World War II. The demands of transportation were hard on the railroads . It was during this period that the Ann Arbor purchased its first diesel, a small Whitcomb diesel. This one-man locomotive was stationed in Owosso, but did switching at various points on the route . Two more Alco-GE switchers were purchased to ease the war demands . By 19457 5 percent of the switching was performed by diesels. Most of the heavy tonnage was hauled by eight and tendriver steam locomotives. With shifting demands for motive power, equipment from many railroads made appearances on the Ann Arbor. Motive power was shifted away from the Ann Arbor. Four ten-drivered locomotives were sold to the Kansas City Southern in 1942. With the purchase of 14 Alco road engines, dieselization of the Ann Arbor was completed in December , 1950. These locomotives were selected because of their ability to pull 83 A steam locomotive on the run between Fowlerville and Howell in the 40's. heavy loads at low to medium speeds . Many of the crews preferred these locomotives to the newer GP 35's which were purchased in 1964. With dieselization the average tonnage per train increased 15 percent and speed increased an average of eight percent. With total dieselization, all Ann Arbor steam power was scrapped . In recent years there has been an increasing interest in collecting railroad memorabilia such as lanterns and switches. There is little available from the earlier days of the Ann Arbor. Much of the collectibles were second hand and had the markings of the Wabash or the Detroit, Toledo, and Ironton. Equipment purchased new by the Ann Arbor was not marked with the "AA" symbol. In 1963 the Wabash was merged with the Norfolk and Western under a fifty year lease agreement. The N&W wanted no part of the Ann Arbor so the railroad was "pushed off" on the Detroit , Toledo, and Ironton. The early days of DT&I management appeared favorable to the future . The carferries were rebuilt and modernized, heavier rail was installed where needed, and new second generation diesels were pucrhased . There were problems with the new locomotives. The trucks ("w heels") were second hand, taken from the Alcos. According to crews this caused a much rougher ride than normal. At a cost savings of $1000p er unit, the 2500h .p. units were not equipped with a dynamic braking system. The 84 dynamic brakes would have made the negotiations of the steep hills much easier . During the early years of DT&I management, locomotives from many railroads were regularly seen: Baltimore and Ohio, Lake Superior and Ishpeming, Lehigh Valley, the Soo Line among others . In the later 1960's the Ann Arbor GP 35's were substituted for DT&I GP 38's (2000 h.p. units with dynamic brakes). In 1972 the GP 35's were returned because of the possible abandonment of the Ann Arbor. One of the locomotives, No. 385, was wrecked by the DT&I. It was rebuilt and upgraded by General Motors Electro Motive Division. This locomotive is the most modern on the route and the only one without "we have the connections" emblem . The early good intentions of the DT&I disintegrated in the late 60's and early 70's. The property was allowed to deteriorate. Major track work was neglected for several summers . Rough track, speed restrictions, and derailment resulted in poor employee morale. Since October, 1973t he Ann Arbor has been in receivership . The trustees ordered the repairing of some of the poorest track sections . Even though the speed dropped to an average 20 miles per hour the service improved . March 31, 1976t he Ann Arbor Railroad went out of business as a separate corporate entity . The track and equipment have been purchased by the state of Michigan. Operations of the Ann Arbor Railroad The Ann Arbor Railroad operates 292 miles of track from Toledo, Ohio to Elberta, Michigan on the east shore of Lake Michigan. Unlike most railroads, branch lines are very minimal. The one branch line to the Ford Motor Company in Saline is very profitable . The railroad hauls only freight . The last regularly scheduled passenger service ended in 1950. The railroad operates fifteen orange locomotives. Five of the locomotives are used primarily for switching operations . The ten road locomotives GP35s (GP means General Purpose ) numbers 385-394 operate on the mainline and perform switching chores . Operating between Toledo and Owosso each locomotive uses 300 to 325 gallons of diesel fuel. The cost in fuel for an idling locomotive is 45-50 gallons for twenty-four hours of operation . Each of the locomotives is equipped with a chart recorder to monitor the speed of the train . The Ann Arbor operates a fleet of seventeen road cabooses. Ten of the cabooses (Numbers 2830-283)9 were built in 1952b y the Wabash Railroad at their Decatur, Illinois shops. Five years later seven additional cabooses (Numbers 2840-284)6 were purchased from International Car Company. In October, 1974 the railroad operated 378 freight cars , two hundred of which were covered hoppers used in sand and cement service . The total in March, 1976 is fewer due to scrappings and cars destroyed in wrecks . An additional fleet of cars is used in maintenance of way service : track and roadbed repair and cleaning up wrecks. The Ann Arbor operates four trains: two northbound and two southbound. T-F 1 (Toledo-Frankfort ) operates from Toledo to Owosso and performs occasional switching chores. T-F 5 operates from Toledo to Elberta with a crew change in Owosso. The southbound trains F-T 2 (Frankfort to Toledo) operates straight through with only a stop for a change of crews in Owosso. Train T-F 6 does switching en route. A local train for switching, "Ann Arbor turn," works from Ann Arbor as far north as Bruce Products in Howell. In addition to its own trains the Ann Arbor operates about five coal trains a week from Toledo to Owosso using Penn Central locomotives and equipment. Originating at either the Sunny Hill Coal Company in southern Ohio or from Mingo Junction on the Ohio-Pennsylvania border the trains move an average of 100 cars per movement to Dow Chemical at Midland. The capacity of each car is 100 tons, but there is often less than a capacity tonnage. The total round trip cost per movement is about $45,000. The Ann Arbor's share is about $10,000. With reorganization , the coal trains stopped operating on the Ann Arbor April 1, 1976. The couplers on the unit trains are stronger than those on the regular trains. A normal coupler can't withstand the tremendous pressure caused by the weight when the train is slowed down. Despite the heavy weight couplers, a coupler knuckle broke near the rear of the train on March 6, 1976 blocking traffic on the east side of Howell for nearly an hour. The problem was solved by removing the coupler from the end of the caboose and placing it on the damaged car . The crew reaction to these coal drags is generally unfavorable . The bankrupt Penn Central does not properly maintain its locomotives resulting in constant breakdown of one or more of the units. An Ann Arbor unit is often placed on the front of the train to compensate for the inoperable unit. The hopper cars are plagued with derailments and coupler problems . A hopper car on the March 18, 1976 train bottomed out on Riddle Street. The hopper bottoms began to break open. Luckily the train was moving at a low speed, derailment was prevented. The offending car was removed and the train continued north. Many of the Penn Central cabooses are more comfortable than the Ann Arbor's. However, on this March 18 train the stove blew up spraying dirt and soot all over the interior. An Ann Arbor caboose was added to the end of the train for the comfort of the conductor. These day-to-day operations of the railroad are centered in Owosso. A key to the operations is the dispatcher who must keep watch on the train movements. He must know where the trains are and keep records . South of Ann Arbor there is no direct radio contact with the lines. Portable radio communications exist between the dispatcher, the engineer, and the conductor. The radios can be removed and worn on the back of the crew member while switching. The dispatcher must call crews and make crews available for upcoming trains . The crew of each train usually consists of four men : Engineer, two brakemen (or one brakeman and one fireman , although the fireman's position is being phased out), and one conductor. Occasionally the trains run with a three or five-man crew. The maximum crew time on board a train is twelve hours. If the train has not reached its destination in this time, the train is stopped until a new crew arrives . A recent Penn Central coal drag made it from Toledo with less than fifteen minutes to spare . To become an engineer it is necessary to pass both brakeman and engineer tests . The duties of the engineer are run the train , regulate speed, and maintain air pressure . With much automatic equipment on board , the job of the engineer is much easier than in the past. The brakeman backs up the engineer in case of disability and does switching. The caboose is the domain of the conductor. His job is to keep records and prepare written reports . He may also do switching. Loaded freight cars make money for the railroads. Northbound trains contain many empties . Loaded cars include loads of new cars (Fords, Mustangs, and Jeeps) and farm equipment. The coal drags also increase the revenues . The southbound trains provide great revenues. With the exception of the coal drags and empty auto carriers , most of the cars are loaded. On a typical southbound movement there is a great variety of cargos. Detroit and Mackinac hoppers carry limestone and alabaster from northeastern Michigan. Several mechanical refrigerators are loaded with Idaho potatoes destined for MacDonald's distribution plant in the Toledo area . There are loads of lumber from Canada and the northwest, paper goods from Wisconsin, and in season loads of Christmas trees. A major source of revenue are carloads of special foundry sand bound for Detroit, Flat Rock, and Cleveland. At the present time 3000 carloads are shipped each year from the Sargent Sand Company in Yuma (near Mesick in Wexford County). The ten year projection is for up to 10,000c arloads per year . The short base covered hoppers used to be at the end of the train. With the short wheel base the ride in the caboose was most uncomfortable. Today most of the sand cars are not at the end of the train-adding to the conductor's comfort . The railroad must further develop its northbound revenues and improve the service provided on both northbound and southbound routes . The future of the Ann Arbor is beginning to brighten. 85 An engineer in the cab of one of the old steam locomotives . A Trip through Livingston County with an Occasional Glimpse into the Past By Bob Wilhelm The original name , Toledo, Ann Arbor and Northern Michigan is a most fitting name for today's Ann Arbor Railroad . All but one of the northbound trains originate in Toledo and slowly wind in a snake-like pattern through Livingston County and then northwesterly toward Owosso and terminating at Ferry Boat Landing in Elberta . Leaving Ann Arbor, the trains crawl up the long grade out of the Huron Valley. It is often too steep for the long, heavy tonnage trains to reach the summit of Osman Hill. The ten thousand ton coal trains regularl y must be broken in half and each section is brought to the top of the hill where 86 the two sections are coupled together and the movement is continued north toward Livingston County. Not all trains must be broken. Even the most heavy trains can make it to the top on occasion if all locomotives are functioning properly . On one Saturday in March a hundred car coal train couldn't make it to the top, so the engineer on a trailing train pushed his five locomotives to aid the original five locomotive train over the top of the summit. The trains move through Whitmore Lake and enter Livingston County. Moving at 25 miles per hour the trains no longer stop at Hamburg . The old siding has long been neglected and rusty . The old depot and the once thriving resort business at Lakeland is only a memory from the days when passengers came to the area in the summer. The speed limit is lowered to five miles per hour where the track crosses the recently abandoned Grand Trunk Western roadbed. The interchange "diamond" is scheduled to be abandoned during the 1976 summer and many of the problems will be eased . Wrecks have been a continuing problem over the years. Much of the area is swampy. This swampy condition was lessened when a line of covered hopper cars loaded with sand derailed and dumped its cargo into the swamp. The Penn Central coal cars have derailed on several occasions . A derailment may not always cause damage . Three boxcars loaded with new batteries from Owosso derailed. The seal locking the door was not broken and the cargo was not damaged. The cars were put on the track and delivered . When a derailment occurs the crew may not be immediately aware of pending disaster . Awareness usually occurs when the air hose breaks. One derailed car was dragged for more than a mile. When the boxcar hit a tree the air hose broke and the train was stopped. ' With the abandonment of the Grand Trunk track the thirty-one miles of right-of-way is causing a conflict behveen public and private rights . The state wants to develop this area for a recreational path for hiking, bicycling, and motorcycling . There is much opposition to this proposal. Typical opposition is expressed by the Waterloo Township Planning Commission, "Recreational land brings an influx of people who are totally irresponsible and dumps them on a township. Then the township has to provide police and fire protection and other services .. . for land that isn't on the tax rolls." With the possibilities of future track abandonments throughout the state , this dilemma could be often repeated . The track turns north and moves up the gradual grade towards the once thriving resort area at Chilson. The old two-story depot no longer used by the railroad is now a private residence. A water tower used during the steam era has disappeared. Southeast of the station area was a gravel pit which until abandoned in the early 1930's was a source of revenue . An asphalt plant in the area has also been abandoned . When Michigan entered statehood in 1837 it appeared that Chilson and the Crooked Lake area would play a major role in the development of the state . The plan was to build a canal across the southern portion of the lower peninsula. The route of the canal was to follow the Clinton River westward to Crooked Lake . Crooked Lake is a watershed , the source of streams eventually emptying into Lakes Michigan and Huron. A 25 mile canal was to be constructed southward to Dexter and join the Kalamazoo River . The canal was to cross the Cedar and Shiawassee River . Construction began at Mount Clemens and advanced a few miles, but the project was abandoned as railroads began to criss-cross the state . Around 1897 Laughton and Henderson, who operated a store , built a cottage on the north island. This "camp" ( camp meant the same as a cottage ) was one of the first in Livingston County. The "camp " was sold in 1903 to Howell blacksmith Carl Weimeister. On the property was a large frame-structured barnlike building. It had no interior finish and few windows. Bolts a~d bars we.re designed to frustrate break ins. On the roof shmiles was a single word "Nordica". Used for parties, the building was named for Lillian Nordica, a popular singer at the time . Young people came by horse drawn vehicles from Howell, Brighton , and other nearby settlements for a week of camping. Naturally, the young people had adult chaperones. Convenient rail service brought many "cam pers " from Toledo and Ann Arbor. Tenting and camping on the beach was very popularmainly on the west shore. In 1914N ordica was sold by Weimeister and was converted into a private residence. Today Chilson is basically a passing track on the Ann Arbor. Two tracks parallel for a mile. There are at least two passings here each week. A southbound train waiting for a northbound train often stops at Coon Lake Road. This is done so that the road at Chilson will not be blocked. Crews often patronize the Chilson store while waiting for the other train . The northbound track crossed the Chesapeake and Ohio interchange at Annpere. Until 1906, this interchange, the scene of many bloody brawls in the 1880's, was called Howell Junction . The switching tower is gone. Today the area is an interchange of cars between the Ann Arbor and the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroads . Many boxcars from the Ford Motor Company's Saline plant are switched onto the C & 0 for delivery to the Detroit area . With the interchanging of cars it is possible for losses. A mechanical refrigerator car was switched from the Ann Arbor and disappeared . It was found after two years in the Chicago area . The present speed limit across the interchange is 10 miles per hour. The speed limit has been 25, but a November, 1975 derailment on the C & 0 necessitated the lowering of the speed limit. Auto carriers loaded with new 1976 automobiles derailed and tipped on their sides damaging the track of both routes. The railroad enters Howell over the viaduct constructed in 1938. Grand River Avenue goes under the bridge. The problem is flooding that has been caused after many rainfalls. Pumps were installed. In addition to draining the area of water, the pumps dried up many wells. New wells had to be drilled to soothe the bewilderment of the residents. The east-west track through Howell is in a deplorable state . The maximum safe speed is 10 miles per hour. Inching through the "tunnel" between Barnard Street and Michigan A venue, there is the constant danger of cave-ins. The maintenance crews have been propping up the walls over a period of time. During the late summer of 1975, the crews were placing metal supports into the ground and severed a water main . The railroad was unaware of the main , and the city didn't know its exact location. The main was repaired and the city marked its location. The restaurants on the east side of Howell are stopping points for many of the crews . When the train is long, the engineer moves through the town to let the conductor in the caboose get off, then the train is backed up so not to block traffic for a prolonged period . Many businesses are served in Howell. The siding paralleling Haggerty Lumber was built by the railroad for Purdy and Woodruff and leased for 99 years. Both lumber and coal were unloaded here. Over the years the railroad crews have developed many friendships along the right of way . Usually the friendships are a wave, but sometimes long-lasting friendships develop. Jeff Shaffer , a Howell teenager has developed friendships with the crews of the passing trains. For three years he has been delivering the Detroit Free Press . One afternoon while watching a train , Jeff threw a paper onto the caboose. On a later train, a brakeman came off the locomotive asking for a paper , and the tradition began . 87 An old Brush auto, photo taken about 1910. Today the trains slow to a crawl as they pass through Howell. If Jeff isn't around to personally make the delivery , there are papers in a delivery tube beside the track . In return the crews have given Jeff many pieces of railroad memorabilia including a switch stand and a five foot long trailer car formerl y used in maintenance of way service . Today, when a train approaches Howell, Jeff checks the trains for air leaks and hot boxes (smoking or odor on the wheel bearings ). If there is a problem he immediatel y calls the Owosso dispatcher on the WATS line and notifies them of the problem . Turning north on the west side of Howell the trains pass under the M-59 Bridge and move north toward Oak Grove. The depot at Oak Grove has been removed but the foundation survives on the east side of the track . When the depot was constructed the original builder was constantly drunk and had to be replaced . You could see where the new man started . The grain elevator is no longer used for train loading. The switch at the north end of the passing track has been removed. A short train can be brought into the passing siding from the south, but the train must back onto the mainline if used for passing . The siding can also be used for car storage . Panhandle Eastern has used the area for unloading pipelines. During 1974a nd 1975w ith the slowdown of auto sales there was a temporary surplus of boxcars. Many of these 86 foot cars were stored here . A continuing problem , especially in the fall and spring, is deer on the tracks. At night, the lights "spook" the deer and they stay on the track . When the crew has enough warning 88 the lights are turned off and the deer are scared away by noise of the approaching locomotive. The most northerly stop in the county is Cohoctah. A siding serves Lott's Elevator and chemical fertilizer plant. Leaving Livingston County the trains pass through Byron, Durand , and stop at Owosso for a crew change before continuing the trip to Lake Michigan. The Future of the Ann Arbor Railroad The state of Michigan has purchased the Ann Arbor Railroad . This purchase includes all facilities , tracks , locomotives, rolling stock, and car ferries . The transfer of ownership occurred April 1, 1976. The future is presented in the first phase of the Michigan Railroad Plan for the preservation of the Ann Arbor: 1. "Preserve the . . . Ann Arbor route as an integral operation from Toledo . .. to Wisconsin as a key corridor for a long-range system configuration ." 2. "Preserve, at least on an interim basis , all of the car ferr y operation-while service needs and alternatives are thoroughly analyzed for the long term ." 3. The state of Wisconsin has agreed to "share the federal subsidy and state matching funds required for the preservation of any necessary car ferr y operation ." Michigan has signed a contract with CONRAIL to operate the railroad for one year beginning April 1. At the end of the year the state will make an evaluation of the operations . If this is favorable, a new contract will be issued . If the evaluation is unfavorable a new operator will be sought, possibly the Grand Trunk Western or the Detroit A big school trip on the train to Detroit . 89 Toledo and Ironton . However, at this time neither railroad has shown an interest in the management. Many problems must be solved. The track on many sections must be improved or replaced . The ten year goal for track speeds if 60 miles per hour . Sections like the "tunnell " through Howell would operate at a reduced speed, but the track must be upgraded or replaced . One problem faced in the track rebuilding program is a shortage of new steel rail. Second hand rail may be available in the interim . One estimate is that with the backlog of orders, it may be 1978 before orders can be filled. During the next ten years there is a strong possibility that passenger train service will be resumed on the Ann Arbor and / or the Chesapeake and Ohio routes . With massive rail reorganization occurring throughout Michigan and attempts by railroads to abandon some of their least profitable routes, the state may purchase additional routes and incorporate them into the Ann Arbor. One of the most likely new routes is the purchase of 147 miles of C & 0 trackage running from Manistee through Traverse City Station Agent John D. Hamilton, station agent, at his desk in the Howell station of the Ann Arbor Railroad , January 1914. Standing is Mr . Wright. Notice the ragged green curtains, coal bucket, and the wall oil lamp . The room with the bay window looking out onto the tracks has been preserved by the Livingston County Historical Society . 90 north to Petoskey , interchanging with the Ann Arbor at Thompsonville. Trackage rights may also be acquired on the old Penn Central route from Owosso to Saginaw. The addition of this route might result in the resumption of the unit coal trains which stopped operating on the Ann Arbor, April 1. The present western terminus of the Ann Arbor is the ferry dock in Kewanee, Wisconsin where traffic is interchanged with the Green Bay and Western Railroad . The Burlington Northern Railroad is attempting to take over the G .B. & W. If this merger should occur it would fulfill a dream of nearly a centur y expressed by the Ashleys and the Delaware and Lackawanna Railroad management to develop a direct route from the east to the west coast . Much of the future is still in the planning stage . The name Ann Arbor may disappear , but the railroad will survive . Customers , employees , and railfans can peer into the " crystal ball. " The future appears bright for an expanded route carrying increased tonnage. Utah Tour John D . Hamilton , station agent of the Ann Arbor Railroad depot in Howell , is shown on tour in Ogden Utah in June 1915. Hamilton stands second from the left . Seated behind him is his wife Mattie B. A good photo of an early tour bus . Ann Arbor Depot At the tracks at the Ann Arbor Railroad Depot in Howell, about 1914 or 1915. Station Agent John D. Hamilton stands at the far right. 91 - -· ·--- -- --- ----- - -- - ------ -- - (}0IN G SOUTH. I STATIONS, :ooING NO.RTH, I -- ------ -· - _ , ---:- ---- NO ~/NO ~ ,NO : · JNO : !NO ~,N06• P.M. I P.M. ,P.M. , ,A M. /P.M, rl' M ••••. !11:00 l:IOToledo ......• . •• , ii :~'>, 3:2.'S .•••• 92 ..... I !1:2011:25 Am~ Arbor ...... j z:io15 :07 1····· ••••• 1 8:5010 55 Whitmore ...... ! !:~!ll 5:45 .•.•• ..... I 8 :45 10 :-18 llamburg •..•..• 1 , :o51 5 :5~ .•••.• I I I •••• · [ 8 :40j 10 :42 Hamburg June •. : 8:01 1 6 :01 ••••• • .•• . 8 :35 10 :40 Petteysville. •••• 8 :05 6 :03 ••••• . .• . . 8 :27 10 :30 Cllilson • •. . . •••• 8 :10 6: 10 .•••• ..... J 8:15 10:13 Howell .Junction 8 :12 6:25 .•••• ..... 1 8 :1310:llHOWELL .. . .... 8:45 6:34 .... . ··· ·· l 8:0:110:02 Oak Grove ..•••• 8:i>5 6:4u ••••. ..... . 7:.J.2 0:45 Byron .••.•••••• J 9:18 7:05 ••••• ·--·· · 7:30 9:3,5 Durand._·····-· 1 9:35 7:15 ----- - ··- _ ti :40 !l :10 Owosso_ .•.. -··- ,10:to · 8 :00 ---·· ..•.. ' 4:35 6:4~ Mt. P_leasaut •••• 1~:45 10:151···-· -··-· \ :>,:00 -1:1.> Cadd1llac ___. •..• 3:30 12:M •••• P,M, ,l',l\1, AM. P.l\l, P,M, A, M 4 CountryM ailmanD oes MuchM ore Than Deliver Catalogs and Letters By Kendrick Kimball ,,.0,0b1~ ,,.,. w,11., AGRICULTURE'S most constant and steadfast link with civiliza - tion is the rural mail car-riu·-man of a thousand and one servictt. Inhabitants of isolated areas rc1ard the carrier as an invilluablc £ricnd, counselor and public servant , for his job goe s far beyond the mere Jdivcry of letters and sc-cd catalogs. And to "customers" in •hickly setllcd areas he is equall y a Godsend , for his co-operation extends from helping to pull a car from the ditch to filling in as witnes, at a wcddin1 . If a tractor breaks down hf!' will bring out the needed part next day to save the farmer a long trip to town . And if a pound of confectioner's sugar is required for a birthday cake, he will sec that the farmer's wife &ets it alon& with the family newspaper and the card from Cousin. Emma visitin1r at Indian Riv er . Dur111g &asoline rationin11 his service!. .ts a meSUi:e bearer and a shopp er were extremely valuable to national defense. Typical of Michi&an'1 1,135 rural carriers and an equal number of substitutes is Emmett Harris, of Howett, who has been on the job 31 years . Startin1r with a hors e and buggy, he has cov ered enough miles to constitute four trips around the world . He travels 70 miles a day to bring mail to 232 families. An excellent baritone, he often sings as he rolls along to the next mail box, heraldintt his approach by the booming chorus of " On the Road to Mandalay ." He sings in the Cath olic choir at Howell. ln his 31 years Harris has participated in many rural dramas. On countless occasions he has warned farmers their stock had broken fence and strayed into someone's corn. He has stopped runaways, put out brush fires, rescued picnickers from menacin& bulls and returned all sorts of articles lost from trucks or wag ons en route to town. One time hj5 attention was attracted by a small boy screaming bu iJe the roaJ. WaJkin& behind a nearby barn , he found the mother holclin1 up the child's youna;cr sister , whose foot had &ot caught in a cement block. Obta inin g a hammer and coJd chisel fro:n his car, Harris freed the captive: and then delivered the mail. "All rural carriers love their daily associations with the people they serve," he said. " We 'r e just one big, happy family." The rural mail carrier i• always a welcome si gh t . Here Mr . and Mn. Ahijah Mack wave a rre-etinr •• Harris 1top1 to put mail in t..beir box. Mo1t boxe1 can be reached from the car window . P a r c e I 1 . re,t:i• - tued letters and anything that look, valuable are d~livered at the hou1e . CaY'- rien al10 write m o n e y orders . The Detroit News Pictorial for July 20, 1947 \ , l I mail in the postoffice i• the tint job in the morn ing . Harris starts out on route at 9:30, Beverly Ann Oan ie b pedal, down to the ma.ii box to meet Hani1 , "Pleue take my doll to the doll ho1pita.l," 1he plead,. It'• a deal. Harri• delivers a box 0£ ROtlin11 to Mr . and Mrs . Jud Phillip, . lftr, r rnrr r· r/ (,) ' 0 /, 1/ "" L , , ., . /1/.,f( t;rrrj 1/11/.11N' - - · . / fill/~ ;/ 1 /\•scssahlc I Non · ' ~J.·n, 1r -' ,_,o cintil1. 1r1 ./,.1 1·r ,"1" "' . r'l'hr- ' /1111·1111 111 ltn.1111 r - - ~f.N·ftN'f/ /NI 'X /, I 1/ //If! / /' /2 ('//Ill /'tf '/ /, , (,, ,;ll///lt/ tjirrr/f'f 1·1;/tu '/ r1.;/1/,r1/.,'uf'l'f;,'/.;,:,,,/rii j/1111! /f,,{ /,/,/ 1'1//!NI /,1'(,,~ ~'.~; /flff /11tl /I' ..., , I '/.0 t~, :/zJ;;l;c,i/W;,dl l,~, /(/'7( - '- , L. W. Hov e v J , / I3al{er. ~f , H 10 ! Not Ho w Ct)eap but How Good. /Jr. Howell,M ich• •. . 0.. 1c,,, /'I /~C', ..,. ~/ - .. . .... ......1.9 0 )H.~.~-- . Howell. ,'t\ ic h .. !, -- ( 190 9 en ught oi CLAUDE B. CULVER ;Han u ia1.:tur cr of FINE HAVANA CIGARS. : ,. di. ,/,' _:J. ~ c / /(, t FRANK WILSON . K , S . B . HOLT A . V HOLT. . f ;tlo',.,,.J1f1/,,,, { , ..........~ -S:.:.:: '..d._.. ............../ 9() =-- Af ... (: 01~~ ................... ........ --~~ ----··. ........... ................ ............ .. . :;;Y-fowell Cigar Company~~ MAN U FA C TURERS OF HIGH GRADE DOMESTIC CIGARS. To h iu ·<·o:,, nt \\ ' h olt •:,ial t.-. n u cl H cwll. 01!:ALl:R IN STAPLE A ND FANCY GRO C ERIES F RU IT S . C ANNED GOODS GLO V ES. MITTENS , ET C. - 190 I fio11•elf. ...A{ ;,.!,., ······· .... .-;·· ('f?., ... ~ ,:.1.1. . .. f! ir;ars l)Owell, mtcb., "1' ,,... / _ L\JJ. .L·. V J~- , ) t+Jln Cj"'"' Wt t h~H CL COOK & SON WHOL U A.LE ANO RET AIL OE AL Ell:S lN GROCERIES AND FARM PRO ALSO ALL KINDS OF GRASS SEEDS ) / { ( 1 - y -iT ATll:•Ut:.,,, ,,_, Howell , hl icl:,., - 19 Stoves 8 EN JI) Ace - ou,u Wit h 'longes ond £0/CT & ~AT G o.,,.,.,n Z Furl)oces el)eraJ /-ford / ,fl /} Ware \ ')2 (, Wire ·1u ,,, ST ~ well , :~:: .~ · C.I (' ~ _C_J_ ___ ____ M . -- -- -~--~--~---~----~---c------------- Sold 1N ACCOU NT WlTH . I d 1 Glenn H. Bcurmann Furniture Crock ery , Wall Pap er and Ru gs IYLJ 1 ,,\. ,i°·•:1\:, ~,i:1 ,h, ..,',','~..~i; :I: ":., ~ 0- Howell, Mich .... M -~ -,, :...zf i/4 .. <...V. Cl,,. d !i To W.W . KN APP ~ CO. Ht'>lltNill ~.1urn ~ure, <tr~.~,~~~-'\,~~aaaw // C L<- I II .} / .!){- 1~_(10- ~ I l<f ... . SUTTON HARDWARE PHONE 152 Sold to_ Address __ _ TERMS: JO D11ys Cash 0 _' r. J6tc.+- Heatin g & Plumbing Howel: , {ichigan OPE RA HOUSE BLOCK --~-"------ 192 __ --Lno. u~e \\ , N\,c.h·• IN Ac.;c;OUNT WITH c. L. PETTI BONE CLOTHING , FURN ISHI NG ORIGINAL Ho~ell Cleaners and Dyers UP TO DATE RUG PLANT IN CONNECTION Phone 330 Addre s 11. 11. ,10'""'1t1";,~ .•I// /II, ., (( ,, ; .I/Aj} ,o ,, ,, ... , .. - • -_ #, ~- ,,., c...,,." 0 N. CENTER ST. MO.NTH.LY. S.TA.TE.~H: NT PHO!o.E 295 HOWELL , CONTRACTOR AND BUILOR R C. w. Ke11ol{K _/ Howell, Mich., d, / 2 fo o.! v-4AT - lt)L II ~¼ ~ - To A. K. Tooley,or. fh<ilcr iri . . .. · · Fresh , Smoked and Salt Me~ts and Croceries. Buys If ides !I"" J(,,,, .•./ 1. ..A l C. / 90 --1.tve_~ _",l_"-l--t-'--,-,;l---' 190,,'h ~J O : 1b~ ~~:o~~(tamp, ~~~T::~al"li lleli_ ..~.o ller Mills. TH• c•1..••1tAT .. O ' • QUALl1'P' 0, jflour an"' jfee"" "PANSY " FLOUR. •. , · V V , , , Highe st Market Price Paid for Wheat. #.tJ /4 ;f 3 ,/ i> -6 ·-·.-.. !J-/; R - e. Barron f. F. :;;·STRONG & BARRON, l)f. ALER S ' "' ~os . RNESS AN!l IMP LE MENTS, BUGG IES, HA . r · _! t .. Howe ll, Mich ., f C. N. IIOLKINS & SON LUMBER AND BUILDl~G SUPPLIES A . II:. 1-tOLKINS OP!05I TE ANN ARBOR YARDS TE1.£PHON1tS 1 0 1",.ICE U4 HOU Sl[ SUW HOUK'4 '\ d Yard ne a r A ft R R Depot ARMSTRONG aryd tiemlock Lu; 'b"~;'~·h~oI , ' Spe c, alt,es In Map l e Fl ·, ing es Of)d Cedar Posts " I H •.I • U'"'"'' I• t OOnf)g P':>rc h Wo r~ . and Inter ior F in ish . • ~ ·/ --- ······-·:·::···-········~· · - I.• -- -- -- - -:_ Howe // .., . h ,,, '" " C ., -...,, --.....,.._., ( , '"",· .. - ""lt .."• ' 0 00DJV-,,',o,,w--& GENERA .. ,. ....,.. . JUBB . ·,.,. •• I? l HARow ~m erlc11n Furn• ces A R E r e Fencing, ~,u:~; .. .P.a /m s, t:. :,-. KAl , OWl ?'i" 192>" Howe ll, Mich., - -- --- ---- - -- 192 I\'• 1 - ~.-I;"-'=~: --· -~) !.__ }_- ------------------- IN ACCOU NT WITH MO:NHOE &. NE\\ 'C OMB SHOES AND HOSIERY TERM S: THIRTY DAYS AN laAR I. V ~t. T TLE Mf"NT W I Li. dE APPkEUAT[lJ / "/. r ,r HQ,.,.f 1'rl1,:'i~ 17' ''T "-8J,U'.I~IT , 1 STATEMENT Howell , Mic h ., S•ovea, Ron.re s, Furn aces, Oils, Pain !<1:, Ameri can W ire Fe ncing, Plumbing , Etc . Qr. .189 ' H ~nr y r Jubb • 19 /if ····· .. }89 f IN ACCOUNT WITH J.,.. .- ..J 1 , • C \,) OTTb N. FRYKMAN El,ECTRIC SHOP . Electrical Contrador Everylbin~ Electrical I I. tt,w.n, "'"" ·· !Ir·/ Jo .. ~~ -\ M JY/~Pht;-vo dyc- (;::::,I}.I "/.) '1lJJ.e ,,;_1/,~ wkV IN ACCOUNT WITH GORDON DRUG CO. rRED W . OOR.00~ , p,ucriptlon Ph11rn1acl&t 0 · '· ..... ~ - -··" · Fancy Goods, Paints, Oils and Varnishes. Ho,vell , l.'Jtho AtCo(OrUl lf Wit.b s ,. w A RUSSELL GENERAL R TIRES-Ac a.res Co EPAlRS- Huo~ESSORIES • ON AJ"O ES ,. 1 Howell, J\'l•ch. . ·. - . ~EX PARTS .:. :,::·::z:L;_,,::; •' _;92_, tt en r)' r. Jubb oon W . ooodnow 19 Vn\in To GENERAL HARDWARE s , ove•, Rencd , f u,n•« •· 011,, Pain\&, Am«lcan WI« fencl•<• p\umblnC, £t< . ,., ,f J 1¥' ' • - \)I', d.9, / ,,.._,f, )..;; l!J ?f(:,,,p/1, ./1,rl . /l dur~ T - I() 111 ~ -J. O. F. WILSON,!?-'.:: - ;:-;;,> ,'Y\ nn1 1ff' e 1,1r e r of '""" ~--::::- _ _ ,.... n • nRADB • DOMESTIC · c10ARS . WEO''"~J)AYO CT 3 . ((C' .a. 1 r tJ7j j~ v THEl, kPHEsnorl SH t\ OlUdl. 1lli( it., 1hrnght of fl ['\ -, 1" 'nlr7l'l1,csnn Shoe Q:o. · - : i 1 1.; , •·· ,nd Shot's. Jr~,.,,.. HOWELL . lllil "-.-"'-«--~ Howen' Lr.V ,(tfQ. h ., Od / Quality nr s 1 _,,( HoWE:lJ. llfictt . "Co ..lfowel/ ,'it,,,,,!!,J {icl,,.,_. ~~dl.--r F. H. & G. E. Knoop GENERAL TRUCKING OF ALL KINDS .._ND Tl:AM W O l'IIK .7(,,,, ,,./1, ...A{;, ,!,. , Ci ar /~ - f.9 /YO '- - The 1960 Howell Melon Queen delivers a bushel of melons to Presi - dent Eisenhower . L to R-Cliff Heller, the President's secretary, Patty Dowen, Melon Queen, Mrs . Chamberlain, Joy Slayton, the Queen's sister and U .S. Rep . Chamberlain, and D.L. Zemper . Loading melons into the trunk. Spanish American War veterans passing through town . 106 The Drum and Fyfe Corps. Joe Brady and his family in the 1945 V.J. Day Parade . 107 You can tell how hot it was in the 1946 V .J . Day Parade by the way the candles were melting . 109 112 Photography I•D Howell By D.L. Zemper Photography has probably been an art form in Howell for longer than any serious painters. A travelling itinerant photographer first came here before the Civil War, in 1858. He travelled in a horse and wagon, in which he lived and did his laboratory work, using the wet plate process . Normally he would start toward the South in the fall because he needed sunshine to take his outdoor pictures with the very slow emulsions of those days . An early September snowfall kept him here and when more snow came and winter set in, he decided he might as well sta y, because he couldn't get out anyway. Soon after , he sold the studio, which he had moved indoors, and the chain of fourteen photographers started which has become now to be called Zemper Studio. According to the records of the National Association, it is the oldest portrait Studio in the United States. Very likely it is the oldest in the world, but there is no way to prove that. Some of these photographers should be mentioned here . W. E . CLEAVE-Cleave was a small man with large talents . In addition to being a photographer of great talent, he was also a musician of good calibre , and a good artist in oils. I have some of the glass plate negatives that he exposed and were found by Mary Reed in the attic of her garage, 4th of July fireworks at Joe Harris' Diamond Dot. where they had been stored for almost 100 years . He painted his own backgrounds and had a good feeling for the fine points and aesthetics of photography . H. A. LUDWIG-Ludwig had the studio from the late teens to 1926, when he sold to C. J . Nelson. He was a good practicing photographer , but is better known for his work on a state level. He was one of the earliest members of the Michigan Society of Photographers , and its president. He also was the working figure in the starting of the Professional Photographers of Michigan, a statewide organization . He was state president of this group, making Howell the only city in Michigan to have two presidents of both groups from the same town. This happened when D. L. Zemper was president of the Society in 1970, after having been president of the State group in 1960. D. L. ZEMPER-Zemper bought the studio from C. J . Nelson in 1946a fter two years overseas as a photographer in World War II. During the 50's he was named top photographer in Michigan four times, on the state board of directors for seven years and made State President in 1960. In 1962 he was declared the best photographer in the Midwest. In 1966,h e was rated the best portrait photographer in the United States. Enough of this stuff, let's put the book to bed. Howell Schools - . I Remember When &ottom Row, Left to Rtghf-Rollin Briggs '22; Everett Toncray '23; Thomas Taylor '2'3; ttarolcf'Strobel '22; Edmund Brady '24; Everett Webb '25; Unknown 4"Mack Hoagland '24; Clifford Cook '25; Donald Johnson:tf()Ward Haller '24; F.S. Sanford, Principal of Senior High School, mariag~r of Jackie Band. Se<:1:mdlk Jvtf rom Bottom, Left to Right-Instructor Ling; Gerald Hughe$ '24; <ieorge Cowdrey '24; Ford Garland '23; Fred Pless '24; Rllfl)h Papworth '25; zur Reed '25; Max Groom '25; Ralph Risch '24; Robert fy\usson '24; Robert Borden '25 . Third Row from Bottom, Left to Right-Miller Beurmann '24; Leon Monroe '24; Lloyd Teeple '24; Robert McPherson '22; Maurice Purdy '22; Lawrence Gordanier '25; Vernon Rounds '25; Clayton Driver '24; Sherman Haller '25; Stephen ltsell '23; Tazoni Reed '25; Cleon Rathbun '24. Rear Row, Left to Right-Spencer Worthington '24; Lorris Ellsworth '22; Ralph Merrill '24; Ford Haller '24; Duane Beame '25; Ford Hubbel '25; Stanley Knight '24; John Jones '24; Austin O'Dell '24; Percy Richards '24. Howell Jackie Band Approximately 54 years ago the Howell Jackie Band were invited to accompany Howell Commandery Knights Templar to the State Conclave held in Detroit. After the parade the band attended one of the many theaters (which one I do not recall) downtown Detroit that evening and to their great surprise a picture came on the screen 1975 and as I 'look at this picture I recognize many who have Gladys (Knight) 118 The West Ward School & Park WEST WARD GRADE SCHOOL By Sarah J. Maycock In the fall of 1929 the enrollment for the Livingston County Normal was so large that more room was needed than could be provided at the Michigan Avenue School; so during the summer the West Ward school which had been vacant for several years was restored, so that the County Normal could occupy the two upper rooms, while the two lower rooms had children in grades similar to a rural school, where the enrolled students could do their practice teaching . This arrangement continued until the County Normal was disbanded, and the two grade teachers returned to the main building. After the County Normal was phased out at the West Ward School, the vacant school was rented for storage by a milking-machine company. In 1948 with the increased enrollment in the Howell schools the West Ward opened again to accommodate the first, second, third and fourth grades , using all four rooms. Grace Dibble taught first grade , Sarah Maycock, second grade, Joy Bigelow, third grade and Mertice Radkte fourth grade and later Shirley Gatesman, fourth grade. The custodians during the time the building was thus used were: Mr. Monroe, Mr. Weibreicht and Mr. Mann. This arrangement went on until the four new elementary buildings were completed in 1955, when the West Ward was vacant again. It was later dismantled and the lot made into a playground . WEST WARD SCHOOL AND PARK By Janet Rohrabacher Hugh Mann was custodian and crossing-guard at the West Ward School. The students learned as much from him as from the teachers. He taught them how to observe safety rules crossing the street and in traffic. He tolerated no fooling around in the roadway . He also taught them not to run on the neighbors' lawns and also not to litter either the schoolyard or the neighbor's yards with scrap paper . While he was strict , he was very well-liked by the children. Almost every noon-hour he could be observed sitting on the steps with a large group of children around him, while he was telling them stories or just visiting with them and showing his interest in their activities. In the fall of 1955, the school closed and the children all went to the four new grade schools built in Howell. Most of the West Ward students went to the Southwest School. The next year the building was razed, but first the school district sold the contents of the school for nominal sums . The school desks were sold for fifty-cents to two dollars apiece. The bricks from the old school were used to build the four brick homes on the north side of West Grand River near Burkhart Road, west of Howell. The neighborhood children continued to use the school yard for an impromptu baseball diamond in the summer. In the winter , the yard was flooded, and the area was crowded with skaters from the west side of Howell. The school district planned to sell this land for private or multiple dwelling use. This led to the formation of a West Ward Parents Association, whose goal was to save the park as a recreational area for both children and adults on the west side of Howell. On January 8, 1958 the City of Howell leased the land from the school district for use as a park. NEIGHBORHOOD ASSOCIATION By Mary Misslitz The West Ward School having served its purpose was torn down, but the playground sounds of "recess" lingered on. The neighborhood children stood with bewildered expressions one early spring day in 1956 as the West Ward school playground swings and slides were being uprooted and loaded onto trucks . In answer to their questions of "Why?", they were told the property was being sold. The city had been divided into four quarters and each area now had its elementary school and adjoining playground . However, for the group of youngsters who crossed Grand River to attend the Southwest School, the old West Ward playground served as an area gathering place for many children because a group of families cared enough to become involved and petitioned the school board not to sell the school playground property . The property was then leased to the City of Howell for a dollar a year, and the neighborhood group volunteered to maintain the playground . The West Ward neighborhood association consisted of several dozen families who met at first to round-up and install the playground equipment which had been removed. As the fathers dug holes, mixed cement and figured out how the swings and monkey-bars fitted together, mothers set the tables and brought out food for neighborhood picnics, as children raked twigs together to roast marshmallows . The comradery that developed as people worker together to provide a place for children to play led to several summers of neighborhood family get-togethers . Men pitched horseshoes several nights a week under lights they strung up between the tall trees, and women drank coffee and visited while children climbed the monkey-bars and took turns pushing each other on the merry-go-round. This all sounds reminiscent of family activity of a by-gone era , but it happened for a period of time just twenty years ago. WEST WARD PARK By Kenneth Richardson The Howell Jaycees took on a Community Pride Project of improving a neighborhood park on Spring Street and Byron Road. The goal of this project was to supply good, safe equipment and also to supply the community with a well designed park layout. The project was carried out in the following order: February, 1974-Ken Richardson and Ed Eaton met and decided on the safety and equipment needs. March, 1974-Ken Richardson and Ed Eaton held a design and layout meeting; contacted the equipment salesman for the cost of the playground equipment ; contacted D&J Gravel to donate the concrete; contacted Duane Meyer, of the City Parks and Cemetery Department , to remove the old equipment. April, 1974-Equipment was picked up. Ed Eaton attended the city council meeting for approval of the project. Ed also attended the school board meeting for their approval. April 27, 1974-Playground equipment and plantings were 119 installed . Larry Scott was in charge of the plantings, twenty members helped install the equipment. July , 1974-Picnic tables were installed by Duane Meyer and staff , completing the park . Total cost of park, $1,570.00. CARE OF THE PARK By Maude Phillips About 1970 the City of Howell secured the services of Ernest Phillips as care-taker for the West Ward School Park. Phillips was well-known for the care he gave to his own lawn and flowers and vegetable garden. For three years he took complete care of the park for a small fee. He pruned shrubs and weeded flowers, raked and mowed whenever it was needed. The park has never looked so good as when cared for by Phillips and he took great pride in the looks of the park . He died August 30, 1973.H e had worked forty-seven years for the Holkins Lumber Company, under four generations of this family . He was a prominent Mason and office holder in the lodge for years. The Alma Young Home The residence of Mr. and Mrs . Herbert F. Schott, 216 Higgins T ., Howell, was built by John Galloway who came to Howell in 1844. He and Nathan Hickey formed a partnership and operated a foundry known as the Hickey & Galloway Foundry . It was located on the west side of Michigan Ave., just north of the Ann Arbor railroad tracks . He built this house the following year with bricks hauled from Detroit. It was one of the first brick houses built in Howell and the external walls and some of the inside walls are of solid brick construction . John Galloway was a man of som importance in the early history of Howell and Livingston County . He was a member of the Board of Directors when the first railroad, the Detroit to Howell, was built. He was elected to the Senate in 1860, when the first Republican Governor, Kingsley S. Bingham, was in office . Galloway is known to have lived in this house until his death in 1890. The Galloways had one son, Durfee, who married Elizabeth McMichael. Durfee was the first graduate of Howell High School in 1869. A scholarship in his name to the University of Michigan was presented to the school and is still in existance . Durfee lived here until his death in the late 1920's. Mrs . Galloway continued to live here until her death several years later. The home was the center of much hospitality and was an outstanding showplace of the early town. After the death of Durfee Galloway, the west part of the lower floor was rented to various young couples. Among those who lived there for a short time was R . B. McPherson and his wife, Eva Hickey McPherson. It was during this time their son, Robert H. McPherson, was born. About 1935, the house was sold to Dr . J. Stevens, who constructed an addition to the rear of the building facing Court St. for his medical offices. Most of the above information came from the notes of the late Mrs. Bernard Glenn, long-time resident of Livingston County. Mr. and Mrs . Schott purchased this home in April of 1946, and have occupied it continuously since then. There are three children, John Frederick, Susan Lee and Robert Alexander. Il The first county government day, about 1947. Students from all the county schools participated . Howell girl's band in the Memorial Day Parade to the cemetery . - 121 122 Cla11 of 1911 Florence Dickerson, Mabel Hurry, Chrystal Lameraux , Josephine Wessenger , Zelma Davenport , Ella Elis, Irene Pearce, Carl Mason, Gertrude Burnell, Mr . Conklin (teacher) , Leola Slayley and Merril Austin . 123 L. to R .-Jack Borden, Bob Ramsey, Arlene Maas, Pat Gentry, Virginia Schrepfer, Marilyn Frisbee, Helen Stuible. © © © © © ----;8)T EACH E R8.l:_Sl-- VIJ. H HAWKES 8ir1erinrnriaDqt. JENNIE HOUGi'"j lf-'-1 I G Preceptrnss, lv',A,TT E KERNS 1... F. M L LEFi. ---->,\..:,{f--:>\y-- --~) CLASS, '.-if-- LATm. Eu.1:ene ..La.RJ\.Ye. Hariovv rerern. SGIEU1.'lFrG. F'd.ith BL~. OC!i. J{ 1t':; B:1 ...r.: 11:n. EiVi(r·d ,L.8\1<"~3, ::.r.BSt IL'O\,\"l:.e. Lu.elJa Brittec. l.y:lH VV'··e,,. ENULISH. El~ Hat~h. F'lcyd Dickinson. ht.. lYJrt Spra ue R1obard '9sr:ron. Floyd. Rat:d'11. © © © © © ,....C...o mrnencenwn€t xercises --- --OF-- f1ovJeO llf l.igh0 ~ cbool ---AT·-- HOWELL OPERA HOUSE, 1.une 23rb,' 92. 'o,,; iii iii!: 11:iifillhl:ILo,',; 'ti!• :0' ~9.:· 1,r~1·,-:;i:11R:\ ; .. . ..:, 1;1l1;1i' :' ~'1l-lll' {o:'111,U1,t )i iJllll'6! ''!1111•J' iil ..0 . .,. ;[, 1'1' 1' 11.S. Grade VII Second Ward. Cliarl1•!'.'tJ 11b,l1hc·ck. 111 N:u111l'ftt· DnSli:111:•, t,i 'f pnclwr I Agl!i<· l(orni-;. '''l'h~ Bnhy' e 8niilnqn)"' - Mnh ,·l Wn 1<ht. Minnie All on, rn• Addie Borkhnrt, 12• .F'nrnic l<'il'lcl. rn• Willie Lo eh,ir, 13* Orac o P!'lton, 1:J• t:.leorgin 8tevcns , 1 t• ltn)· Sl~ight, 15 J,rtLio 8woet, 1 t• Mnhcl Wright , 12• lf"lmn Young, lfi ' PUPll" jf.l. NolJiu Bnrr on, 11* J>,,rcy Dndl, •y, t,,• Hoy \•'itch, lli • Hoy MBknd,y, J~:tllt \nnnn HN'd, 11~ llos ro~ i,n~iu:ht. 1 J,ul'lla Sm ith , 1:1~ Mar y Hni11wnd, 1~1 Niua \\'illwr , ll,. Ji'rp, l J<napp, ! ;"1"' M innio Wnrr!'n , 11• Av Drage ngo of 1h oAP 11rornot ('( l , l I. HPnry L nkP . Jti tfrnc,• J{opp< •r. Jli,. ,JPH-.iP' l'npp,•r , li ,\I nn Hnng-Pr. HI"' Milli,• Jjron, 1:,~ l~dith Hnlloek. 1:i Frank H!iillld:,;, lli "' Hor L'HrHOllt-il 1:.~ \ . L~dia:\Vinu~ 1 17* ('lt•lln Fat-r l'J , 1:f'~ )1iuni,· ,v in~, W F.Un Mar sh 1~1• ~llg'UAla _Yunrnd. ~ti'"_ A11~,·l}aH aii\1ond , lH i,uvhemrn Wyko O. J ., \Vlil ,am J' nrshall, Iii l•'Jnrcnr~ lllii<•R, IH* Blauch Smith, 11 .\ i;i,:i,, .IJc(it·r•, J7 .\da 1, .. nt. rn JPK~iP Hmith. 1 11 Ann:~ NPW("II, 111 I ( 'harlt •:,; Mand t. ta* t 'land<' Brayton , 1H1 EnJ!Pnf' l,nlt,1 wP. 17"" ,Jr,mtic• Hnhlwll. 1ti·,. 1~ 1wm'<l LC'wii-.,2 1"' Hu-.\\ Hiid1l Katip Hclwc•nhnls , h ,J,-R.i.P., (1ar1.';ck Jli Minnin ]1,nh0y, 1!)* Myrtil' IAlt~nn: 17 Grade VII I- Second Ward . 1 ~.n.e· ll nr ri,ni;to~ , lli Frank l' Hr,,~n~, 17 • ' P('nC'h<'r J ,nci C' N1l'·lc r. I r,~nk l( C' ll1f'd~' .\m) \Vooch,w 1 h, 1., , ,J ' 11hu·i;'\ Pnrdr . Hr-rt ~lyC'r~ olJf.'IH' nlrt man ~001-it o schotll' 1 ~ Fnnnr ' l1nppin~. l\.1nr('in Nnt (ing-. rn• I IPrhC'rt Ji1~~h, lti l 'Ul' IT,H. ! l~tiznb1•lh J>rh ·(~r, JR )1nncl Yonng. 1H ~vn Brockwny. 1:)* Hn.rry l'orijrn1, 1:-r ( 'h nl'lt•H Ht)('tl. 12 N,·!li0 HC'1:Pdi<"t 1 !H Wirt, flarnurn , H~* Wirt. 8rnith, Jff1< 1 Hnnr H"('d, 1:i (IC'org-.o Hri~hnm 1 1. k* J\J.n1·y 8nllivnn, 1:l* 1 . Avt>rng-o ngt· of th OSl' prrn nc,t,•, I. lli yPar~. ,lnn ot. Brii;hm.11, 1~* 1.;.Jna 8,w~et, ll!_• Grade x . .lJl:olihnnm oJ ~aBrmrornt1,< r•n, J•, FMraannrkl :8smtoiutho,r ,J ;1, 0 ,.1 ~. ~c.t1 ~ t1·o n. ,, •\ 1.1( ) 1 1. 1, " i· r< C'r or a JC'tttrfl , .1\ H'' ' Nrva ( nrfrr. L~• b'anny 'l'opvini;, 1:1• ( ,ll l - A In J l. Bu, khrnd . ,fnlia( ~rawford , lfj ) MatLiC' Vn11dC'rho,•f1 l'i j PUPIT,H. Bt•rt Clnrk, 10, t:;m~ic Win es, J:l* ,J,,~1niC' Lyon, 171= Ahhi<' L; ·on 1 l k* Arn ( 'ook , 17* Pnci n ,vo od, lH'., Nolli e BrookR, 1H J,'ln:Hl H1C'kin ~0:11, 1:.,,. :-in.nrn(•l J)l' Hl[l:,:iC'y, 1:i"' ~lory \Vc,odard, 1fi* llnrlow 1,orson. 15 ltichorcl H:u·rlm, 1.\) Ad.olhort Do8h1ml', lG m.chnl'\l Wt!:eon, 1\l 'tol,\ Porson, 16• Floyrl Hand r•ll , 1~ ,Jncoh l!'isltb<.'Ck, 13"' Hob ert Wright, rn• Acla Tlmkhrarl , lll* Katia Jlarnnm, lM' llruco Hopper, lli* Mott Wilcox, 13 I Alier L,m sing, 17• Loton Hoyt, 1r,• D.lilh Hap \lon , 17 A,·orngr ;w,• of thoao prmnotP<l , 17. Nctt..io Jfolt, 1~• W.ilH runR 10ha,:da1, 7 Grade XI. Nc,1110 Holt , 15* MJ!hc Avery, lb* .Nora JipnJnnd, 1~ ,Inst in Hatch ,•lnr, ltl l'lzra Loohno 111• Alfre,ln l'hntlMton, 17 Mand Mole,uly, 11• llilu1ch!''£homai;, 17 l,inf\ hiilJH, lfi t;toph e n .MiJJer, :t!Y" Nclllo Morgun, lti Jlom nr P01wy. 1~• Hon Mclntrr o, 17 IWn ~·('(•nay, lo* Oliv er Davis, lll Mndi;r McCar ty, l '; l,nwre11co Mel 'arty, lll l!'retl Milkr , 18 Mvrtir- J~1t~on 1 17 Bonnie, Pnrt(•r. Ll AvPra~t 1 Hj.!<' of th nl'lt1 11romotPcl. 15.:fi~i. Grade IX - H igh School. ' l'rachf'r~, ~. H. Hnrkh on<I, HnpPriutcnr l,•nt . J CSAio 'l'homn R- , J>r( •CPJtrN:i,A. Mntti11 K ~rnR. AsHiHtnnt. H ('{'itntion , 1 'Charley Mn<'hr{\("·1 -Cla,·n :-tniltli . PUPTl,l<. Alh ort S111i1h, J6* Clnrn Hmith, 17(1: MinPrva Brockwn~ ·. 1fi* Mary Gilh('rt 1 1~~1 I ltoH<• 8mith, i::!O• A \IOrag-r-11~Co' f t,ho~f' promotcxl, 1:-1. \ t ' liortt f.l, ' 1 Vrtl·n.tiou" - On o Hnndr(\(l Pnpih i. Grade XII. I pnv1r.!-l . , Jl Cn' r·r 1'1onrcl<', :tl• NPlli,. Htntin. lW l. . W~IJinm Pndli •r, :!:!*- ·'!•t~Y1'ir -1hhPek . l H Mll<lrt•d rr11l'k<,r, J{I* h.,dw1n Thor1tl', :!r 1 l, uln t 1 hild or;.., ;:m• j rno~cn<• l 'lark, 1f'" Loin l_)lncowoy 1 2:0• Hnc1rg0 P f'fwy . t (P A<ln Fnrnf'worth, 22* LC'nna Brncllny , "!0* 01'1\tion , HThu Mnn who \VNlrf\ tht\ Bnttnn 11 -1 Ashl py ( '<Kt JH'l' , 1H* l~n(;t,nC" LnHowt'. Avt'i':U~l· llg't.' of thof.u • v1omot1>1l. 20. Nnt, , 1- Voca l n\utlic it-1i n (•}1nr~··< ,f Mi t:f.t l~ttn Hn,it h, tho i-:pPcinl tooclH ' f'. t - ln f:>rtnm r-nt.al rnnHi<· \,Ul bu inl (~rt.4porHO<Il ,y tlw llow 0ll ('nrn,•t Hand, :1-r l.1ho80 Ht1l1\lt.•twl for th f\ cir\.~~• ,xtwci~I'~ rank 1irt-1t in tJw gpn,•r:il nv, •r:lJ:Cr Il lf attPndnnr f'. pnnctnality 1 <lt>por1m cnt and HChol11rHhip. I • Promot ed. i nt'<'PHt-1t\fl, :l-· b[nst of thoBP not J,r ontot('(l hnvo been in Behool ,)nly J1ill't of tJw yAnr. Thm1f' whn nrnk1 • up thf'w <,rk luHt will ho 1•x1mnnocl for j,rmnoiion n, ,x t ter m. H- 8,m10 of till' pupilri in tht• ow<•r g-rndc~ of Ou.• ]]_hd, Hchool hove F.tndi<'R in thf'\ }l! ,.twr 7 -'l1his catalog-up nnd prng-1·n11\i ,;honlcl he pr n1:1nrvP<fnI r futur,• rrfor P1w,•. 'lill~' Jl!llll~ll llll"ill!l,>11\ :11•i1/lo:r; 111,:11·1111111l1l1l1l''1.I'-;I'lJJ,ik ,,,.,. , ·, ,,"l<' > :- 'r !I'll 1·11' ·Cti.'.1 H1; ··o··1 f*1:!I ~.o·- ~; ,illli'*lillllilll"9;: ''• 111 ,r.,;i lli:KI9]:llililiil/K,!U~li'l IIJIIJIJ''M 1' I '( : ii,,, ·9, '\f', ,,,ll , l:111l~11il:JIII•' ·•' ~w:ell ~hlic_5:chnnls ~ -;;:i - - - - - &. - f) ro mo t i on at © exercises! - --· AT THE OPERA HOUSE, ~Th ursday MorrrinJh Jun:e HHh~ IHHIL~ Prayer .- REV E. F- V OOR~IES . Grade I- First Ward. l'~n~hrr , Eli¼nl,.,th t 'lnrk. · ( 'rmlll' :-{cnu~." Hll~nlw l. PllrILS. Jdn AIJ,•11, ti May Mct'ah,,, HI' lt :,y,uon d Axt,•11, H Lulu McCnb ~, ~· ,Ji·~~i,• llirkhnr l. ~" ( }e rtrrnl t1 ).Le( 'nbf' 1 tr•· J:Hn<.•H('avl•I, H \Vi11iam .McPh C'r!-'<m, Ii,.. (')wlrtPa t!nlvrr 1 7 .Mand (· Pettion r . ll* lla0tll' t 'ornpo 1 HI 8 0th Porl(•r, 11* .Jnnion t'ompo, 7 D,viH"ht Pnrdy, H lt'rnncis .llutlhnnot Honry ltat z, l 'l:1rn h.1 .lt:.url'll, H (iract, 'l1ill'un .. , ti 1,;,-a l•'n•11ch1 8* l'h n rl et:i Vrmf11aricoiH , >-c• H.nh4•rt l/(1ntl'r , 7 'L1ov·n. lC'y '\Vood, 7* V1ddi Oan·ii:;on,; Louili \\'l•s.-.ing<.•·1, 'i l<ut11( Tnn ln f'r , I:!~ Harr) We ssingC'r, H Thorutm1 8ohnnnh, U Hr11a .Marvi n, H lh •rtia (-lohannh. 7 Jkll ~ Pettibone , 11 \Vil limn Jlayr\l' s, Ii* H o ward Piatt , I\* ! 'lnrn J !av er, !I Waller lllcPhai l. H r,lyrtit, Horunng, H {'nrri <->M aliby, fl Al.rhi<' Kellui;g-, o• Alico .liishP,., U Kat o D0Wlll'Y 1 8* \Villiam Down {')". Olt·lln l'l'ttil, fi Maud e r11 npholmf' , 11 Hay \Villin ms, 7 Alh rrt Harn es , !i Hrn c,• Wright. 7• }Jny O'N eil , 7' Jl,·ll'n Lak P1 'i AYl'n\l!P ngn of pupils prrnnotPd. 7. I l t•;u ~:. Grade I- First Ward. T,•nch t·r-. 11,·rf! in ( 'nrti!-1~. ('In'"'~ Hn ng-. PU Pf LS. Aihf' AnHtin , i Lo ni:-1,pB rin kman. r." \ValkPr B11t,;il, i , ' lautl r, Hritt!·11. k I1' rank HPJtt\(liet , h Edwm· d Ho)Ct' , 7 • t ·orn 3ln y BnnlPra, r< Una Hay ( 'hnft•f', >-i"' L ouis ( 'raiμ-P. (lrH<"I' {'ooh., Ii !ta, l'arli11 . 7• .\lay Jlil,J,J,,, 1tJ• ( 'hnl'i,•, Dihillr• , h J{: 1rJ} Dn111111<1n 1 M,._ J IHI t\l• l1,1"rgn1-1on, ~.t )lury lt'itzpat rii-k. j' '"·' :o ;llilliil*'.Wl l!h.' .o'' E-va L t.•\df'-1 h• · LPwiA M org-nn, I" Ha.)o'111<dm i' iCl'C'ndr, ,;,.. HoyH l !\I c Dornmgh. 7 J l,, wn rti 1\leD01u111g-h, Ii l!,•rn ir c· Phipp f.:.',i '" FrP rl !1(~tt•ri,;on, >< !'-if'lli" Hq.a.tl·tt'i , o• Juli a H,•1<,;Mls, II lJnvid Hnp11l ny(•a, H* 1t:,\ 1l 1.~:{.:st:11~t\~.~ \~~~· Anua Belle 8111livn11. 'i .\!thi n i!lmith , \I PPit• r H111itl17. \. ida t41111th, ~,,. :"0·,11111f1-«l!!1il1lli1, , l>'rnuk Farn•ll, 1• .\latilda i:lmit h, rit li\\rn Oarlnnd . ,.. \Villi,• Snhnon,1, A• Ella Holl ett. II Louis~ 'l'hompson, 7 1 JJ ,·nr r H~tcld, ,r . ti Frank W !'i<hrrrht. 11• Fn,1 l smay, II Jkrt Wright , I\ Frank J,,hneon . Lenn Otto, 0 Bttu Kit~, H Huy i:lmith, 10• Albert J,ie teruurnr Milo Cnrtis, 7 Unr WmTr·n , \l* Clyd e Wnrr cn , 7 D1·nry Portor , 7 ltichard Armstrong , 'i 1 Bt•rt \Vollman , H Ninu SaJmuncl, a Lu ~ Hi s<lon Frank Kl ein, Haymond Mcl(ecv or, k* Wert t;annrl ~rs 111 (-tl;tcP Tiffany , 7• ('nrlo,-.; ~ow lC'1'17," ,\ vt ~n\,;f• aJ,{P ofthoi:te promotP<I , 7.\1~. Gr ade I Sub. - Walnut Street. I 'L'('nchPr , lJllHly Mf'll'n<lr. (hovrr Pn •rton, fi John J)umm(1H, ti lt'. N. 1,orf'f' ,:) L t•we llyn \-Vnrinl'.{, ft 1 ~lnhh• Prf•st o u , i 8Ua l)onl eyt 7 MUA"gli' Kndth,O <'harlas Lt.\VPrC'ltc, U I Miuni P Brinkman . :l Jo se phin o l.,nin" , n I NelliP Hall e tt , ti )fillnr<t llnrMR, 7 Hni Pl Brown. :\ Grade I I- Walnut Street . I T, •achcr, Lincly l\lulend, . '' WakP Up "-· Alta Holt. I .U. err ii Franklin , lfJ H enrr (hrgory. d' J Larrr Pnrkr ..r . ~· Hort H11etor , ; Cic·m·g-p \Vnlt Pr:-i, ~,. D~1niP1 Jlog-nn , W i Alma J<'rankli11, ;.:ada Jlolt, 11• I NNti <· Molthy . Ill Kntil' Winr~, 7* ,\l tn ] [olt. I\' .\V Pl'i\g"P ag-c) of pnpil1-1 tlrtunotf'd , H ycnr fi. Grade Ill-Walnut Street. TParl h·r. IJiudr ~-1t•l(l1uly. •·Jlahy ii,. goiu~ to hp .. ln ]an(l 1 " Mrt-1. ('harl " ( ' nlt1111 Nina Ooodnow. ( ' lnmt.• Dolph , It Dou <ioudnvw, ltl' Waltl' r Jl, •lmick. 11• J,,·on Wi11e,, 11 E111mPtt Bnrdt"n , ,1 {-i royp .Mnlt hy1 12 I ('harl pi,; Brow n . 101 t-iflor~t· 8nt'llic<)J' , H l ( il'org-ia Hur t on, rt Hcf-lii,n; ( 1hnfoe , l i!* · t'ai1h • P<•mr:on, 0"' Hmw Howf.lton, l7 I l'Parl i,· Malt hy \I :-Iona lll:1tl1<•ws. 11' HPrf JJuv P1', 1~ Ni na Orn11lnow , 'i"' , \ \ ' ('!'il t~f' il~I' of tlttlHI' fll'()Jll{llf't(, 1(1 l 1"1\l'H " .•. '6 :0:,11:l!l<iWl>' lil·"''" .•. .. :1:~';;,:;,1i!lH~ llllli!lilllllllllllil,'Y.,i•i.t.ri,1il:lLl:lr!;l»1,llJ1olll!lltl:illll~l,:>: p;Il:! Grade IJ-First Ward . 'J'Mchnr, J ossio Axt ell . "We Little Boye ," Cnrl Cook. Habriolla Allen , ll Isabel Browning, 7 Viola Brooks, 8* Cncia Curtiss, u Ressie Hayn es, 8* Selwy n Moon, A* Ltettn Port er, 8* Rt,hnl Smith u~ Clnn<le Schaffer, ll Amelia Zahn, 10• Ef.!.it.hC olet Mario Piatt, 9* PUPILS. Lavern o Brockway, ll Clan<le Brown , n• Carl Cook 8* Ne lli e DnShnne, \J Floyd lfois cr, I I• Mny Bell Owen, \I Clyde Pettibone, O* J,eon Stowe, 8 llnnni<lc White , R Berth a Harriugt.on, JO• Harry VanKr-nrnn, 7* Average age of those promoted, A.a. Grade Ill-First Ward, Teacher, J eBBio Axtell. "A Little Girl's Tronbles" -E lla Wino1:ar. PUPILS. Fred Allon, 10 Htolln Chil<lers. 14° IlASPiio Du8hnne, 10 Maud HnrTiRnn, 11 F!mmn Grcanawnr 1 10 Gortru,lo Fnrroll. 10• Cieorgo Herbert, II'" Ray Hickok, 10 Uuth Johnson, 8* Louis Konnedy, 10* Grace Pettibono, 10 Willi e Pettibone, 12* ,Tonettie Smith 1 n• Louisa Smith, 9* FJoy,l Stamp, lu Irma Tuttle, 10* MA Winegar, ·10" Alice Whittaker , 11 Hnsic Barnes, 9* John Mcl'hor son , 10,. Lona Kenneay, 11• George Lako, !l Average age of claas promoted, 10.28. Grade II - Second Ward . Teacher, Iloso Miller. "LitU o lmt lCoon"-Liva Lnlt own nnd lllnhC'l Otto . PUPILS, F.tho l Cook 7* Hattie ('nrpeutor, fi' Millie I1'if..1hhf'ck1 fl* Livn LnHow", 7* l•~rwin LnHowo 1 H* HnU ,io Lef', 8* Nolli e Lm1sing, 8,. Mabel Otto, k• l~tella l'hili pa, 11 Martlm Paddock, 8* [i'ra.nci s Uce<l, 8 !t'Iadclin u 8rnit.h, 7 Urnco Salmond, 10* 8cottn 8almonil, 11• Lu cila Tyler, 9 Milli e Wliitnk,•r, b Mand Wilcox , !l• Bull o Smith,!1 Alic e Hack er \ 8 Jessi e Farrar, II 'l1rncy Bt=>.nrdcs y, H Danil,1 Hog-an -:c Average ngo or thoAr promoter!, 8.41. Grade II I- Second Ward. 'J'nnche r, Hos e MiJJor. wrotal AnnihiJnUon" - Jennit" J>ntP. .John Awalt, 10* Loalin Ronrdsl uy, 10 E liza Bn tt•, 11' PUPILR. (.'Jm1do Pnt11, 11 .J onn i ,• Pat<', ~t"!: H Ion HroM1 . 10• · •) """ll:~i llll•rl••!(lilll!l~l[ ll!llilll~l:11~1]l1ll1lll1llori ' '!:I,. . ~11111::- PUPILS. Hrl'l,ort <'ook. rn• ltichnrd Dnmmon. Haz el Harland, H" Bennie Houk. 7* Lonise Redinger, 11 • Neil Person, u• 'l'illie Pipp, !l• Mng-gio J>mnmon, 1r HI* ,Jnlia Bcofir lcl, HI .Frank Southwol 1, 10 8yd Hall ett, !> H enry Klein, 10 Willie Re,ling~r. 1l B.n th Roberts, 11 • i:ladio •.ry lc-r , 10 Lottie Wollman, 11. ( 'larn Happl r yea, 1l Milli e Reed, !l Hert \Vhitnkcr. 12• AvC'rngo ngo of those prom ot c<l, Y,\12. Grade IV-First Ward, Teacher, I<'ranc Blackman. Son~ -u 'l'ho Bobolink,'' 1'-1.E . 8crvosfi - Al,•x. VanKouron, Abbin Haller. MyrtiP <:nlvcr, ('111'l'iP Porter. PUPILS . Frnnk Barnum, lll* Elsie Bick hart, 1:l* Myrtie GnJ vor, 11 • Frances C:lnrk, 11" Arthur C:llStorton, 14* Hnrry Cavellt John Downey, JO Harm on DuShnn,•, H Etfio Do11n1 lfi* Emma Havm·, 12 Lil Lie Herbert, 12 Abbie Haller, 12* Paulin e Griffith, 10• Wilber John son, 11' Lot.t,il' Kollof:g, 10,. Carrie Porter, 10* Clara Sanders. 12 Mami e Switzer , n• Eclith Maltby, Alox. Vm,Keur on ll* Glenn Williams, 12 Porter Woodworth, 10* Avt'rnge nge of class prom0t£1cl, 11.J~, Grade V- First Ward , 'l'oncher, Franc Blackman. Song-"'l'he Boboliuk," M. E. i:lervoss ,- ltm, Gilbert, Gortrudo Pnlmer. Lula Brockway, 14* Edwin ( ':will, 12 Hex Cl i l hert ,, H* . Mary ,Lyon, 10* I J nhn .lllc('nbe, rn CharlC'H Phil Ji !)H, 111 I) , Wiil inm l 'iatt, 1~ < ~inrn SnPdicm·, 1-l William Smith, H Loi tit· \Vook, u• lfol en Win i; . PUPILS, n. .s sie Browning, 1 l Milli e Cn rtiss, 12 Hoy Hi ckok, l:l Holl<' llcPliurson, 12• Gertr rnlr• Palm Pr, 11* Hattin Port Pr, 12* .f/p(lrg(: Hv:it'.I.Or, 11 !fcrhGl't. Swort, JI' Jam('r-1 Van.Kournn. 1 l* lfownnl Willi!, 1~ Avf'1·ng-0 ng-P nf p np i IR promot ed , 1 :!.t L Gr·ade IV- Walnut Street - 'l'encher, l 'ora Monroe. "BPcnn~e." \V. L. 'l1nylo r - l?lorenco LockwoCM I. PUPILR. Clifford Al<lrich, J Lt Nellie Barrett , 13* L0nn ( 'ook, llt Hrrmnn DnHhnnr,, 11- 11<m. ry Dmnmon, la* Alury Farrn,worth, 1 J:. . lflor 0ncP Farrell, 11* llo.tti H ~1ishh<.'ck. 1:\"'- Alicc lfornini: , 11* William Hall , JI ('har ·lPH .fohnson, Ji Ho w,"":.dr ftl11·1g-nn. l i"- 1Aahl'l J\!c.•U11no11,~ 1h~,.., Hurt N1·,,·1:ll, 1:1'"" Lillie ow .. n . Ill M~Tlil' Ow,•n, 1l ''i!ll~ill:Uilll!Liilil!lllill!lol i1l'lllill~llillll,li.\IIIIJlliill*ll-1ll1llil~l 11,,~,l!i.1!'1,li!lo1:l· :, 1~:. (o ,l:illi>1o:1i,:!>,o'.,;1, 1::·,o 1<i:ll!,*,'·,{,i!:i:'<,,~>1J::!!*i1'.:!1!i,1, :,. :i,.•u1or:111!1:1~!1llil!llll~l•liirlb•'9·)-.!ili'•i!l'+rlil~l!lll:i+!i:m111~Jllllllli~:ill!lll~l!lllili';# :,11,)1t!:ill!!ill~l·l:!11'lfllll!lllll:iJ..l .' .\_;'11•:~!'' l!ili jj,1,i:lr \•l'PJL~. Kh1111wi Nmith. H 1;:11aH hafft·1·.1 1 J' f•arl Hwri't, 10* Al tnro 'J1hompRon. J.1* l•'rm1k Wines, l ~ .MP.rniu \Vinuf.l, 10"' 1'-ni ..d VnnRlari cnm, ll Flor encP. Lockwo<1tl 1 10* Edwin i:lannders. l:i Frank Hogan, 14. Averng-A ag-e o{ 11111,ilrp-.r omnt•·d, l t yf'R.r~. Grade V-· Walnut Street. 'l'(lncher, ( 'orn M on ro e . '"Thf> l'urned LeRsou." Francii--1 Hnvproll-LilJy Thon1p~on. Ncllio Boyce, 1-1• Eva GE-ssler, rn• Vern Hupper. 11" IS<ltih !::lchroeder, lti ~mnu el Tomion, 14* Hobe rt Bnr<len, 13* Nora John son, 12 PUPILS. Daisy ( 'Jcmgli ,l!'i* Jol,n (frimadcll, rn Hertha i\forgnn, u• Lily Thomp so n, 1,•, Grant :French. 1H* ( '!yd<' Culver , ]Ii* A VHrngfl age of pnpih: pro:notPd. U .1 YPJ\fl-(, Grade VI - First Ward . '1'11acl.or . En111ia Lnmb . "Hnilty or n11t Guilty,'' Anon -Ev n L. Jfir.kor . PUPIJ,H. Ninn Ay,•rs, 1~ Alex Allen, U Emil~ L. Bench, 11* Emma Casterton, 1f\ Hru-ry ( ' . Ellis, 14* Herman J<'renc h, 14 (foori:e F. Fish beck, rn Gay C. Fnrrell. 12* Grnc e V. CJ.ilbert, 13* Eva L . Hickey, 11* Hoy J. JTnntley, 12* Ward Kellogg 13* ('Jarenc e Momoe, 15 Eugene McCabe , lli Willi e fl. Porter, 1~• Don C. Piatt, 16• J<.;clward Smith, ii Flora B. Switzer , 12• Charles VanKeuren. 12• George Wines, 14* Amy A. Wood, rn Belle Woodworth, 13 Nellie Winegar, 13 Eddie Nutting, 12• 8usnn Cole1nan, 14 Minnie Reason, ll'i Frrrl Loftus, rn C:alvin A. Peavey, 14 Av~m"" !ll(P. of those promote<!, 14 yoara. Grade VI I- First Ward. , , 9rade IV-:--Se cond Ward, Tuacher, Emma Lamb. l oacher, l<anny H,munK ton. "F· 'le<l ,, Ph'll' Th N · , "What 1'11 Do in After Years, " Anon-Myrt .ie ,u , . I IP ompson- P.lhaVnnlnttl'n Miru "lr, • PUPIL8. PUPILS. WilJie T . Brooks, 17 Allie 0. Brown, 17• t:Inrn Hrin.kmiu1, 11 Dai •Y Boyce, 10 Wm . Mac Browmng, 13• Wm. E. Bnrhonr, 13 MnyCJemonts , 11 Dell evan Clark, 11* Iva Dempsey 14 Frances Freund, 17• Evurntto Dihl>le, 11* ll enry Link, IM Clyd e E. {forl and, lo Bruca N. Hickey, J~• Florence Fi old, 11 Alice Franklin, 12 Millie Herbert, 15• Hattie He sse, 111• Alta Herrington, 11• A. V. Holt !l Carl Kinquest, 17 John F. Ma~er, 14* l!.'va Johnson, 12* Fred Jenks, 10• Bert Milla 19 L. Ceslestin Parshall 12* Mami e Knapp, 10* Harmon Owan, U Gertrud e Sne<licor, 16* Florenca J. l:lweet., iii• Myrti e Miner , 11• J osep h McD ono ugh , 10 Charles F. Spears, rn• Lizzi e 'l'nrner, lli Lizzie Pelton 1 10• Charles Rector, 11 Nellie VanPatten , 15* Nina E. Winegar, lli• L'i1lio Hichara, H ' Mury Schnck , 11 CJ.eorge Weitbrecht, 14* 'L1heodor~ r_I._~athP1r,0 , .Emml_l Smith, 1_2 AvPrngc a,.w of thoBe pron\o te, l, J~ yenre. J\lah c l W1llrn111svn, 11* Harloi~h Helmtc. 14 Av orl\g'o age of thmm prornote<l. 10.t( Grade V- Second Ward. 'J'c:1che r , .l?ann3· lln ntington. 11 Catch in K Chnrlin, 11 JI . \V. HPPClwr'' - S1-\)'lllOUr J' erAon, J csflie Allon , 1;1 ('!ancl Burkhart, lU Lncina llrighmn 1 1~,;, Nina C:hafee. t~• l1'!on1 Deuq ..i,,:cy! H:* !,fay Ho! t, 1l Heymonr PerKon , 11"' Jt'n •d l'ipp, 1~ El via Handal!, I I • Alma Shnrp, 11 (/,11re11i" Jl11sh. 11• Edrn 1 F it:·h. 11* l'U1 1 1LS. Josi " Barb er, 12 H"nry Hnrton , 12* Afaryf:tt e Carpenter, 10* Myrt ie C:ro!iioy, 1-1* Uoy Fishbeck, 1,,• Mary .Jones, 11 MyrtJp l?nr~on. U* (h•org o Paddock, l:i ll~nnio lbborts, 14* Jun11ie 1l 'o pr,in.1!, JO* 1\1in niP Al1fl('f l"nln, 1:,• :\verAg-1• HW" of thoi,;p J1r11mot(\(L 1:,).1.J. Grade VI - Second Ward. rroach~ ir, Ag-g-io KernH. " At tlil' Rtmn11 Window" -P inR La Howl' . PUPILS . Arthur Aldrich , I~* Ford Axtell, 12* Cu~t~i' Hush , 14* Con Brighnm, 13* Gn)· ( 'l,aflee, U Gideon Drow, l!i Ilot .ti<• Farnsworth, la• Alice Garland, li! Willi e (irei::ory, 12 Willie Henry, 15• Bert Hoodrich. Jr,* Clyde Green, la Lulu Holt. 11 Laura Houk , 14• George Heath, I~ Frnnk Heath, la Floranc e Hctcheler, u• Pina LnHowe, 12• Fro<l P~urson, 13* Edrli" Pnpworth, 15 Estello l'ottibone , 1:1• Elsio P etti bone, 1~• Mam! Snyder , rn• Lowis Tupper, 12• ' John Wooclard , 11* LnollR Hnller, l~ Lnwi l-1 H,,li ~<1HM, * lthn ~ Swo ot, 1:, .. \v prn1.r.~ of thOriC' 11T()m<10td. 1:i.5. :. .: ,. ' ,~·m111111111111f1.« ,111,,, 1o:,1 f*i ·-,u::il!f!fi li!fill!l1:i,lI<II I"K'"'ii!liil\,O. :,,,llii.<+1' ·,1#,1' :1,,,lllf!:ll·oilll1l~ill11!111iil~'li'1:1111(!l1l'<IUIl,~:i illllU,'· R.B . McPHERSON Treas . H.L.WILLIAMS . L C.S.LINE Secy . Dr.- H.G.HUN11NGTO. N 1920'1 Board of Education Members of the Howell Board of Education in the early l 920's. These pictures appeared in the 1922 Howell High School "Torch ." C.S. Line had two sons, Winfield and Francis, and R.B. McPherson had one son, Robert, in the 1922 graduating class. Th e old H igh School opened in 1922. School dance in the gym of the old high school about 1952. 128 J Barb Pierce , Helen Stuible, John Chamberlain , Bob Meyers and others spend a few nights at Zemper's Studio to get the yearbook put together , while eating cookies and Cokes . One of the four new elementary schools built in 1955. 129 -- -~- Water ball fights are still part of Howell fun . Tornado Damage A house hit by a tornado northeast of Howell. 136 This picture probably sold more silos for the Smith Silo Co. than anything else they ever did. The tornado went through this area where the old Wilson Farm used to be, west of Howell . GRAVURE SUPPLEMRNT \ ""'''!n i 1m,m,11·tl "'lndu11•"1" ~.a·- h-J I•\ "( lud t"oho,;;1ah," carryin,g a bow. Tlu~ ,)rolf.~l, ·nt .a tuud, "' re.ah!-ru, 'Q;,{)t tQJ.tI'r.011 ~ 'rte .1;1rt~~ ;;: A .le.-p int,) fame. Ph:n~ :,R "'""" ly <;ixtec:·n thrn ,~and feet In,,-, an air- 111.me 1wu KVO..,t'H:lt F: Id, Long t-.lanJ, Mr:-. Vila ~hof'm4i< .r, ni11t lJ· 1>'1urul \\' ll.lt Strcf't \ h:rk, <"Hd motht*T of a two-p~llr-old child, ca- ,bhsh<"d .a llt'W world',; n-cont for ,.,,. ,nc n j>.itachute jumper-.. !)hf' i~ l dured as sh~ lf'h lhc p l:int p & A J-,"our n:tll!l'll::r. 1~ lku ~n <~·\ilk." :m •>hi•t11nc t•.u11uc. h~" ~ii !,!Jc1,.I ~J ;u 10 \":ttl'.'11 1hr· wJn! hum .d1 1.hn:•ct1ons. 1.t 1i1 .u<f th.1.1 tbt- SJil f numng 'ihi•) !'o:x·ieo , ' L1,;la.nC i~ tryin( , ... ,u~ l .- • J,; '""".'." " "'"'·,.....,,., Thi' hrq;, lont 1raii. T1w-t' Bril· t<;h !11:Ult'- l(>{t l>t-1'fC<'~ ("Uf~t'$ 111 Hu.it w.al.:t' ·'.'' the~ pu,t:tin::d for th<; Jfoy.s1 l\lt I· nn:e Pa.rt-~(!, ;i;: lh:r..J,>1}, SUNDAY, JULY 13. \. I 1 1 ., 1 t Bruce Products about 1928. Howell Industry Bruce Products Corp. In 1917A .J . Bruce decided there were greater advantages in producing one's own products. Therefore, using a few garden tools from home he started to manufacture a line of metal cleaners . Mr. Bruce had left his father's farm and moved to Indianapolis after graduating from high school. He supported himself as a streetcar conductor while attending business school at night . After trying some other occupations , he became a successful salesman for a Chicago firm in their Michigan territory. It was then that he became interested in manufacturing. Following a partnership of short duration, Bruce Products was established in 1919 and incorporated in 1920. Soon after , a line of buffing and polishing wheels were added , which were followed by the development of a complete line of buffing and polishing compositions . Over the years the manufacture of products has been expanded to cover the needs of those companies working with all metals and plastic . In addition to the finishing materials there is a full range of lubricants for machining, grinding, stamping , dra wing and die casting , as well as specialty products , which have been developed in the Bruce laboratory . The Bruce Products Corporation has long been recognized as one of the leaders in its field throughout history in the United States , as well as shipping direct to many foreign countries . When the second location in Detroit was outgrown in its early years , it became necessary for Bruce Products to obtain manufacturing facilities which would furnish the space needed for continued growth. In 1926 the Borden plant 138 at West and Factory Streets, in the northwest area of the city of Howell, Michigan , was purchased . The manufacturing and laboratory facilities were moved to Howell, while the main offices and a warehouse were located in the Twelfth Street Terminal Building in Detroit . In 1947 the offices were also moved to Howell. On Februar y 28, 1942, the plant was almost completel y destro yed by fire . In a front page article in the December 2, 1942 issue of the Livingston County Press , reporting on the nearl y completed new building, A.J. Bruce , President , was quoted, " ... for a time following the fire , the obstacles to rebuilding seemed insurmountable , but the cooperation of the Howell business people gave the Corporation encouragement to make such plans ." One of the major problems was the extreme shortage of all building materials because of the war . In December 1946, A.J. Bruce , founder , died (1890-194)6. His son, S.H. Bruce , was elected President in July 1962, and his grandson , C.D. Bruce, was promoted to Plant Superintendent in February 1975. In this Bicentennial Year the Bruce Products Corporation salutes the community of Howell. Chem-Trend Inc. An interest in plastics , and the unsolved problems of releasing these materials from molds, sparked the beginning of Chem-Trend in 1959. When he got his first customer, Peer Lorentzen formed the humble beginning of Chem-Trend . The first "plant" was located in a garage in Howell. Since the garage was in a residential area, he was soon asked to move; and for the next few years, the company's quarters were in Brighton. The company's insistence on excellence and continuing research into product development and improvement soon brought the second customer ... and Chem-Trend had started its growth. In 1963, a plant comprised of 6,000 square feet was built in Howell. This plant was expanded in 1964, in 1965, in 1968, in 1970,i n 1973,a nd again in 1976t o the 55,000s quare feet it now occupies. The product line over the course of these years has been expanded to include casting lubricants, quenching compounds, plunger lubricants, mold release agents, fireresistant hydraulic fluids, and most recently, concrete mold release agents. Chem-Trend now has three operating sales divisions known as : Die Cast Industry Products Division, Mold Release Division and New Ventures Division. The Die Cast Industry Products Division supplies die casting lubricants, quenching compounds, plunger lubricants, and hydraulic fluids to the die casting industry. The Mold Releane Division sells mold release agents to the urethane industry for use with flexible, semi-rigid, and rigid foam applications. The New Ventures Division is responsible for developing new opportunities to provide future growth and expansion. Chem-Trend has established its own overseas affiliate, known as Chem-Trend International, to provide overseas customers with the necessary products and service. Although Chem-Tren<i's employees (35 in Howell) enjoy a small-knit production force and a local setting, they have the added satisfaction of knowing their efforts result in worldwide business, sales, and success. Diamond Tibon Plating Co. Diamond Tibon Plating Company, known as Diamond Chrome Plating Inc. until February 1974, started up in January 1954a t604 S. Michigan Avenue, Howell and has been growing at that location ever since. The product, hard chrome plating, is an industrial coating applied primarily to aircraft, hydraulic, machine tool and engine components. Diamond Tibon Chrome Plating. Operations commenced in 1954 under Manager, John C. Beatty, and Superintendent, Noel VanHoff, both from the parent company in Connecticut. The original 7500 square ft. building was purchased from Robert Menzies. It was built in 1937w ith an addition in 1941a nd prior to 1954s aw service as a foundry, auto body shop, county garage and tractor dealership. It was more room than was needed and some thought was given to leasing out space. Business came slowly. The initial account which prompted the move to Howell never materialized. Fortunately quality work and good service prevailed and things improved. Employees went from three to eight in the first year. Soon Charles E. Cain joined the company as salesman to assist John Beatty . By 1960t here were 15 employees and equipment had filled the whole building. 1964s aw the start of plant expansion. First was a new office followed by acquisition in May 1965 of the adjoining property from blacksmith David Jones. Steel building additions were made in 1966, 1968 and 1973. Adjacent property on Walnut Street was purchased in 1974 for possible future use as parking space. The plant area is now over 35,000 square feet. John C. Beatty retired as manager in 1974. His son, John C. Beatty, III is now manager. Ronald R. Sharpe is now Plant Superintendent and Charles E. Cain continues as Sales Manager . Total employment has risen over the years from 42 in 1965t o 51 in 1970-75a nd will continue to grow. Company trucks now service southern Michigan from Port Huron to Kalamazoo and other business comes in from Canada to Florida. Diamond Tibon is firmly established in Howell and is proud to be among the larger industrial employers in the city. D & J Gravel Inc. By Harold Corser and Cindy Jonckheere D and J Gravel, Inc. sits on 100 acres of land bordered by Mason Rd. and Dieterle Rd. in Howell Township. Beginning in 1924, this land, called "The Loree Hill" was farmed by Eugene (Gene) Loree who bought the farm from his mother. After about four years of hog farming "The Depression" hit and Gene continued farming and working at the Howell Motors. Approaching retirement in 1945, Gene began selling gravel from the pit on his farm with only a dump truck and a "barber-green" excavator . Previously gravel had been hauled from the gravel pit by farmers for the surrounding townships with a team of horses and a wagon. This was a means for local farmers to pay their property taxes to their township. By early 1950 business was booming. Gene's son-in-law, Clayton Damman then bought into the business under a partnership agreement. At that time gravel was loaded by means of a tractor with a front-loader . Soon a gravel wash plant , a crusher and a triple-deck screen were purchased to increase production and efficiency. In the summer of 1950 Gene Loree suffered a stroke. This was to precede a change for the future of Loree and Dammon Gravel Co. Because of his health, Gene decided to sell his interest in the company . In Nov. of 1950 August P. Jonckheere, full-time farmer, bought into a partnership with Clayton Damman, his former country schoolmate. This was the beginning of D. (Dammon) and J . (Jonckheere ) Gravel. Under the new partnership part-time help was hired. Lauren Reddinger worked afternoons after delivering milk . He learned to operate a new war surplus P&H crane. In March of 1953, Harold Corser was hired as D&J Gravel 's first full time employee. In July of the same year the company diversified into the ready-mixed concrete business with a 139 used 1951F ord mix truck and a brand new Reo truck with a Yager mixer. In September of 1953, Bernard Kourt was employed full time for the company. Both Harold Corser and Bernard Kourt are still employed full time for D&J Gravel Co. today. The business was growing. As sales increased , so did the need for new machinery. A Sourman hoist was purchased to haul gravel up to the plant. Later a more efficient method was developed which pumped gravel to the plant. David and Alan Jonckheere and Richard and Ron Damman, sons of the owners, worked summers on both the hoist and the crane. Steady growth continued for the company through the 1950's and 1960's. In 1961, the employees were organized by the Teamsters Union. In 1971, Clayton Damman was ready to sell his interest in the company for retirement plans . August Jonckheere and his son, David , each bought half of Clayton's share in D&J Gravel. In 1972, the company incorporated . After college graduation , Lauren Jonckheere joined the business with his father and brother in 1973. In September of 1974, August H. Jonckheere passed away at the age of 57, leaving a growing business, which he had helped operate and expand for 24 years . Today, two of his sons, David and Lauren , own and operate the business with 21 persons on the payroll. Presently 19 licensed vehicles deliver approximately 100,000 cubic yards of material removed from "The Loree Hill" annually . Royalties are paid monthly for this yardage to the Loree family. D&J Gravel Co. has recently diversified into the sale of septic tanks, concrete blocks, and building supplies . The company continues to grow and expand with Livingston County. Howell Construction The fore-runner of Howell Construction Co., Inc. ; Lake Construction Co., Inc ., was originally incorporated in 1948. An asphalt paving contractor , the plant and office was located on a railroad siding in Chilson. Five years later the plant was moved extensively within the state including , Allegan, Willow Run Airport, Genesee, Lenawee and Oakland counties. Ultimately the plant settled in 1961 at the present location on Mason Road. The office was located in Whitmore Lake across from Hoover Chemical on Eight Mile Road . Howell Construction Co., Inc. was formed in 1951 for the purpose of buying equipment needed to pave roads , parking lots, tennis courts and subdivisions. Lake and Howell became a common name around the Livingston County area. Eventually Lake Construction moved much of its equipment to northern lower Michigan to enable Lake and Howell to cover a wider area of service . The two companies were formally separated in 1972. The office of Howell Construction Co., Inc. was relocated on Grand River , Howell, Mich. in 1969 and , continues to do business from this location at the present time . May & Scofield, Inc. May & Scofield was founded in 1934b y Harold W. Scofield, Sr. and Roy May of Detroit. The company manufactured hardware for the casket manufacturers and was located in the building formerly occupied by the Brannon Appliance Company. This building was purchased for $2,500 and was 100x40 square feet , however , only about one third of it was actually used in the beginning by May & Scofield. They initially employed three people-Harold W. Scofield, Sr ., Harry Fisher and Harold W. Scofield, Jr. 140 Harry Fisher started with the company soon after it was established, and during his time with the company he and Harold Scofield, Sr. developed the Christmas Tree Light Clip. These eventually became a part of every set of Christmas lights-known as the "bubb le light"-sold by Noma Lites nationally . Over the years, over 100 million were manufactured. The success of the Treelite Clip was instrumental in establishing the foundation of May & Scofield. Harry Fisher went on to establish his own Fisher Tool & Die Company in Howell. In 1948R oy May's interest in the company was purchased by Harold W. Scofield, Sr. and Harold Scofield, Jr . and the company then became a family owned partnership . William B. Scofield joined the partnership in 1949. Harold W. Scofield, Sr. passed on in 1963 at the age of 74. In the late 40's the company began to supply the automotive industry with metal stampings. In the 1960's the company started manufacturing mechanical and electromechanical assemblies for the automotive industry -as it does today. In 1968 the company was incorporated with Harold W. Scofield, Jr. as its first President. It has grown over the years to its present employment of approximately 100 people. With Harold Scofield, Jr .'s retirement in 1974, William R. (Rick) Scofield, the son of William B. became active in the business. In its 42 years , three generations of the family have been involved in the running of the business . R & D Screw Products The R&D Screw Products Company is a manufacturer of high quality screw machine parts. The company was formed in 1944 by Norm Dymond and Carl Rogers. They occupied a building at 110 South Michigan Avenue at that time . The building has since been torn down. During the war years R&D made parts for bomb fuses and aircraft engines . In 1945 they contracted Clarence Geheringer to build the plant at 810 South Fowler Street in which they are now located. In 1946, upon returning from the service , William Dymond purchased the interest of Carl Rogers and the two brothers have operated the business together for the past thirty years . The company presently manufactures precision parts for several industries including auto , aircraft, computer , plumbing , and many more. R & D Screw Products Company. J L - PLASTIC TOOL COMPANY Unified's Plastic Tool plant. Unified Industries, Inc. This Bicentennial year marks the 25th year of Unified Industries ' service to America 's most vital industries . Unified Industries was incorporated in Eaton Rapids, Michigan in 1951 when its primary business was the construction of tools for the aircraft industry. The company moved to Howell in 1953 to obtain expanded building space and a more favorable location from which to serve its customers . In 1955, when the aircraft industry was decentralized from the midwest and concentrated on the west coast , Unified Industries incorporated the subsidiary of Plastic Tool Company of America and made the conversion to tool building for the automotive industry. The company has continued to serve the auto industry since that time and has expanded its physical facilities in Howell to meet the changing complexion of the American auto industry. In 1972 new government standards regulating auto emission controls required the increased attention of the auto industry to meeting those standards and consequently less attention to automobile design changes. Adapting to this shift , Unified Industries began increased development of its patented trolley-a product used in an overhead conveyance system . Trolley production had previously been a sideline in the overall operation of the company . In the past four years the trolley trade has grown to represent 65 percent of Unified Industries ' gross annual sales and the market continues to grow. 141 8th Grade-1910 8th grade 1910, Leona Morton teacher . I wish I could give all the names , but I have been away from Howell since 1915. I can give some of them : Vera & Stanley Latson, Alma & Hilda Weinmaster, Viola Joslin, Bertha Bennett, Julia Crintenden, Ruth Larson, Gladys Golden, Bertha Whitacker , Maude & Leona Nash, Mary Bullis , Vica Lare, Harold Hardy, Lawrence Lyon, Burril Skinner, Ivan Brayton , Uhl Wink, George Garland , Earl Lorenz, Don Frisbee, Lloyd Ratz . I was in the Family Restaurant last summer and was seated at the table with an elderly lady and in visiting I discovered she was Leonora Morton, my 8th grade teacher 65 years ago . Hard to believe after all those years. I wish I could give all the names of the class. Sure would love to see it in the new book . Vica Lare Bruce A ., t Howell Bus Drivers Bus drivers of Howell schools about 1956. Seated, I. tor ., Maynard Bird , Guy Knoop, Robert Gies , Duane Meyer , Carl Walt, Sam 142 Hasbrouck . Standing , I. tor ., Jesse Parham , Frank Green , Fred Fox , Joe Helmore, Harry Waldron. Maynard Bird is still driving . Spencer Machine Shop A group of men that worked at the Spencer Machine Shop in 1915. He received less than $10 per week and we paid S10.00 per month rent. But very thankful for work. The other picture is inside of the shop . 143 Churches ri[!J 1C1JiCs ertifies,T hfaotar nidnC onsidoeftr hasetu iomof. =.n · ····= ······················ !~r. ..i.f _~"~: ~-: =-2 === = =Dosli lna hrapnaidd b y . ,n~t::::::~~ oft': :Td; ;;; 0;i~~~~:;e~; is hereby acknoweldged, the said. ...9 .£ .:: 1.ic.-nd6lL.J~ ...,. for li.l::J:t.:.s1 el.f!, h.-k.v. ... [ , ::s: z:::;:;~:;;; v 0 ; Right of Burial in Lot Number' HOWELL GA.1HOLIG GEMETERY, situate in the Township of Genoa, in the County of Livingston and State of Michigan, of II the Mortal Ren1ains of such deceasedp ersons only as shall be entitled to Christian I Burial in Consecrated Ground, by the Regulations and Discipline of the Holy 001 Roman Catholic Church, as the said purchaser, h,,?P.. . heirs ancla ssigns shall cause I to be interred therein; I :ProVibeb2 \,ll»aps,T hnaoti ntersmheabnlletm adines aildo wt ithtohu:et Ifill! Certificate of the Pastor in charge of the Catholic Church at Howell, I Michigan, thathtb eo odtfyh dee ceiasen steidttlo e Cdhr istian Burial aas bostvaet ,e d. I And the said Purchaser,h .fA.!.. ..h .eirs and assigns, shall have the sole right to the Possession Ia n:d:: :::;:;:::;Lot:s:u;b:;j_;:;:; ;;:;:lation: :s; :/~;:;;ery I .... ....~ .ta.. a. /VZ/L-·- ~-· 1;J Secretary. 'kl f J, , , f Ja" " 2- L ,:.!_ p~;;ident. ~~_§@§@§§§-g§@~@f§l§@§@~§__t§'§L§@§@§:,§§@(#,rSS§§@§@§:, 146 How Our ChurchF aces the Challengeo f 1976 Wright's Comers Church of God By Timothy K. Andreanopoulos, Pastor The Church of God is seeking to lead in developing better communication that will result in understanding. We believe, whether it be an individual, family , community , or any level, the final result will be closer ties and security . We are attempting to provide an environment where individuals can come to know themselves without fear of criticism: An environment where individual growth is encouraged. In these conditions their needs can better be met by their lives being transformed according to the plan of God and not by people conforming to any given life-style. We believe, as individual needs are met , people will be stronger and more capable of serving others. The Church of God is seeking to change our community, not by social reforms nor by dictation of do's or don'ts . We are seeking to witness with our lives the more abundant life through the discipline of a Christ-centered life to be both creative and positive . We are seeking to lead people in regular worship to celebrate the Living God: The Living God that loves each of us enough that He has a special plan for each of our lives and is seeking to guide us in it. The Wright's Corner's Church of God is seeking to meet the challenge of 1976 in the age-old method of seeking God's will and the only thing that is new is that we are just trying harder to do it better. The Salvation Army By Captain Jerry Sword The Salvation Army has been in existence for 109 years and in operation in Howell, Michigan since 1892. Through the years The Salvation Army , as well as other "long term " organizations , have undergone some real deep " trouble waters ;" however , 1976, like many other difficult years , such as the Depression in the 30's, will go on record of being a mighty challenging time to be here and in which to work. God has raised up " The Army " through all kind::; of circumstances and yet , made it through. We are living in the era of time when we see the destruction of America , but we ought not be alarmed at these happenings because God has said in His Word these things would come to pass in the last days. The Salvation Army has been known to help people through emerg ency basis and in very difficult times . This Bicentennial year of 1976, The Salvation Army is planning to help in the same way as in the past. The Army's Slogan for 1976 is "Share Your Faith. " By shar ing the faith God has given us, might mean that more people will have the opportunity to know more about the Lord Je sus Christ and the salvation He has to offer to the whosoever. In conclusion, The Salvation Army is looking forward to working in 1976w ith the great challenge we face to spread the Gospel. By Richard F. Hennig, Interim Pastor Prince of Peace Lutheran Church is a relative!~ new church in the Howell community . Although the church is new to this area, it is affiliated with a long standing Lu~er~n body, the Wisconsin Evangelical Luthe~an S_ynod,w hich m this Bi-Centennial year is celebratmg its own 125th Anniversary. . How Prince of Peace faces the challenge of 1976m ight well be summed up in the anniversary theme of its parent b<>?Y " Grace ." By God's grace we are in the How~ll co~mumty and by His grace we will continue to proclaim His Word. Although the challenges placed before the church in ~976 are different in scope than those of 1776, they are essentially the same in effect. Man must still be reminded of his sin and comforted by means of Christ's Gospel. We at Prince of Peace shall face the challenge of 1976 by pledging continued faithfulness in the proclamation of God's Holy Word. .... 147 This picture of the Baptist Brotherhood was taken about 1924 while C. W. Kruger was superintendent of the Sunday School. Beginning with the front row from left to right the group includes E .E. Latson, George Dailey, Reverend Ambrose, B. Commiskey, Al Heminway, Clyde Garland, Mr. Cooper, Samuel Lyons, C. W. Kruger, Harold First Baptist Church By Rev. Donald E. Williams Our world is changing so rapidly and with it our culture , so that it is difficult to accurately anticipate and plan for the future . This in itself constitutes a challenge . Because human nature and the basic emotion-spiritual needs of the individual 148 Howlett, Judge Willis Lyons, Mr. Berry, J. Eager, Ford Garland, Bert Purdy, L. Mendorf, Bruce Newcomb, Douglas Marr, Wm. Culver, W. Haines, W. Perkins, Mr . Coulard, Archie Arnold, Fred Berry , D . Randall, Wm. Young, T.S.S. Curdy, N . Yelland, Don Goodnow, W . H. Wood, H . Miller and Ed Garland. do not change , our church plans to continue the essential ministry of introducing individuals to Jesus Christ , and fostering growth in Him. We especially plan to concentrate on a ministry to youth because of the tremendous peer pressure brought on today's youth, and upon a ministry with the aged and aging because this will be an ever-increasing group of our population. The above photo shows the hand bell choir in 1976. I Mrs . Viola Neil, Sidewalk Days, 1952. Top-new Grace Lutheran Church . First United Methodist Church By Rev . Lewis C. Sutton The Bicentennial observances of 1976 will stand out as some of the most memorable of this century. However, we must think beyond the present moment in history to the third century of our national existence. What will it mean for the churches? What will it mean for our church here in Howell? We look forward to serving the ever-increasing community as we expand our own resources . People are in constant need of spiritual guidance and a deepening faith. We hope to continue serving and helping people in this area of need. Our facilities are excellent. Our people are inspired and enthusiastic. We look forward to another century of sharing God's love through the church. The above photo shows part of those who participated in a Colonial Worship Service, Feb. 29, 1976. Church of the Nazarene By Rev. Ronald C. Ketchum The Church of the Nazarene is a composite of personalities united under the lordship of Jesus Christ. The Church faces the challenges of 1976 only as each individual member faces the challenges personally. We are united in the belief that though times change, our responsibilities to God as our Creator and Savior remain unchanging . The way to better society and change the direction of the world toward peace is not to legislate more laws, but to internalize the laws of God within man. Any man who obeys God's laws and lives a Christ-like life is an asset to his community and a positive force for good in the world. Individually and united, the members of the Church of the Nazarene faces the problems and opportunities of the future with courage and the conviction that "If my people, which are called by my name, shall humble themselves, and pray , and seek my face, and turn from their wicked ways ; then will I hear from Heaven, and will forgive their sin, and will heal their land." II Chronicles 7: 14. The above photo shows the Senior Adult Retreat of 1975. 149 The old Grace Lutheran Church . 150 --£:·1 PROGR/\M • ,-__ P\l~"f f. f·:ntrnn<';.1 Jfard1 at~ n1 e!ork ,..;Lwp. Putjt r. \;inlin f-to!o. \Vi0n(•ff',\."f..Cki.~····· ..... ,, 1 '0ht•rt·1><~ 'lnzurka'· Ml~s. llA'l :a 1L,;.;.0Lnd'o11~. · ~h.luta.tor:;,· Orn! i,>n. ·.· ...•....•••.........••.... hSavnu;-;rola" JL\ !\LOW Pl j{).:,;;, it., :-\y ..................................... "('r> tnlt{i.)rro\\·1,/' Ln;1,1,,1 JJ,wn, N, J\, ,•:;1.p !ion .... ··Ant-• rt • ~d 11\ ,r ( t :_i·· di·ttd hnf:l·· A\rt'H•,}; . .f 1.1,\D J.\,'IJll\Ll.n Lni!: , E ~I .S'j' Buo,\ t-;;I . ('~ir!":t-4 ~oi,, .... ,,. ······~··························-~1·i(•(•t(·d \VPL1 \11 Un«,J.Jt. Ch,;,.; !\)~m .. , .•........ , .... , ...........• ··Tlw Krn:tf{o f LifcH Eu,1 H \'J"<'ll. < 'l:1i::i:;:; ti i~t(n·y ....•.•.•.•................. , . , ... , ........... , .. . Btcn,1in H<\.l{Hn ,. lllns.-i L1r1>11i11•\•'.•~• · ,. , .•.•. , .....•. , ... , . , , •.•. ,. · .•• ,. , ..•. !,YI,!\ "1:;t,1, \alPd.i('t<H·yOrat:<,n .. :·····--······1 ·r,,~Jr ing~ fr1m1 lk:/L', T.l< ,s· l d., -'',. {'la~" ~Hng. , •..•• • ..•••• "\\ 1· l''.111, iu•ni ,,.. ) '('' tliil.k W(• tau'' ,:; n., ~- 0: ...il ·ih,11;1)1 of l)jplon::s'-, Yi,,liu X,>1,,. \Va!~. t hi. ·,· 1 •.....•........•..••. t\:dHv,·,,. ta ~[Its,. l \'l''l"I l!F\';'1,1,f !JS ( f •.10\', P :i,,dh-tinn House of Prayer of Howell By Rev . Henry Stamper Jr. As our great country comes to its Bicentennial Birthday , never was the challenge so great to the church world and to the Christian as it is today. The Christian once again is becoming inspired to take his rightful place in the body of Christ and reach out a helping hand to a world with many problems and that is in great distress . Our church people are greatly inspired to help perserve our great country and our religious freedoms and to go forth and fulfill the great commission of the Lord Jesus Christ. As stated in Gospel of St. Mark, Chapter 16, Verses 15-18f or we realize that any nation's future depends on how they honor God. Our nation was founded upon God's Holy Word and there is a great need to return back into that close fellowship with our Heavenly Father for Jesus Christ is the same yesterday, today and forever. Hebrew 13-8. Picture of church in action-water baptism by immersion taken in Jan . 1976. I West Marion Methodist Church WEST MARION METHODIST CHURCH The West Marion Church in Marion Township was first organized as a Methodist Protestant Church. The congregat ion met in homes and the school house until in 1884 when, Augustus Purdy deeded the land on the N .E . corner of Pingree and Coon Lake Roads and a building was erected . There were eleven charter members. In 1891 the membership had grown to 72. That year a Sunday school was started and a ladies aid was formed . In the early years the church was on a circuit with the Fleming Church at six corners, the Lake and Thayer congregations . Later in 1903, it changed to the Livingston Circuit with Plainfield and Parkers Corners Churches . With the merger of the Methodist churches it was not a Methodist Protestant church any longer. During these years there was an active ladies aid and the West Marion group became famous for their homemade ice cream socials in the summer , the harvest suppers in the fall and their New Years dinners . The specialty at the New Years dinners were the casseroles of escalloped oysters. In 1940 the aid changed to the Womans Society of Christian Service and joined with churches in the Detroit Conference, Ann Arbor district, in the missionary work . The church building was destroyed by fire in March of 1958. The congregation met for a year at the Marion Town Hall until in 1959 they merged with the Green and Parkers Corners Churches to form the Trinity Methodist Church . In 1960 ground was broken at the corner of Iosco and Bull Run Roads and a new church built . Many willing hands from the three churches helped to erect the building. This is now the Trinity United Methodist Church on the circuit with Plainfield . There is an active womens group, a growing church school that meets Saturday mornings every two weeks, and an active U.M.Y.F . group meets. A parsonage has recently been built on land just West of Trinity Church which serves both churches . Rev . and Mrs . Jerome Smith are the present occupants of the parsonage. Mrs. Harold J. Maycock 151 The Sunday School class of the Walnut Street Methodist Church taught by Will Whitaker, entertaining the girls class on Halloween in 1914. Robert Krause Maple Grove Class in 1948 This picture is of Maple Grove School class in 1948 on the corner of Pinckney Road and Kiddle Road. The teacher is Mrs. Dorothy Reed now retired and living in Howell. The back row from left to right are Shirley Buckelew Breslin living in Brighton, SDam Buckelew, at home on Sexton Road, Jackie Sober Laine in Vernon, Michigan, Marilyn Musdson Brown in Arizona, Russell Coddington on Peavy Rd . Second row, Janice Gates Wartenburg on Fisk Rd., Sylvia 152 Buckelew Stead of Ortonville, Leonard Buckelew of Brighton, Richard Sober, Chelsea Mich., Don Buell, Howell, Ross Kiddle, Sexton Rd . Third row, Marilyn Howle Mathews, Buena Park Calif ., James Grainger, Howell, Margaret Coddington Mitschelin, Malott Wash., Lee Alstott on Mason Rd ., James Gates, died in a motorcycle ac - cident, Sharon Buell O'Keefe of Detroit. Olive Coddington .. -/ Seven miles north of Howell is a quiet little community known as Oak Grove. Here are pictures of this little town in the early 1900's. The Ed Pearce home, later known as the John Staley home--1902- presently owned by Gregory Luberman . Oakgrove, 1895-1911 By Zelma Davenport My family moved to Oak Grove when I was two years old. My father rented a log house from Will Slider. Farm now owned by Mr. and Mrs. Robt. Allen. About three years later we moved to the house across from the parsonage . Rent was $4.00 a month . A big swing was put up on the large limb. Adults and children enjoyed alike . The town had two general stores. George Woods and Edd Pearce . The Pearce store is still active. The saw mill was owned by Tom and John Pearce and was one of the means of employment The grist mill owned by Art Pearce was burned down with three other buildings about 1906. It was rebuilt and operated by George Switcher . The hotel was owned by Mr. and Mrs. Bird Ellis. They also had the livery barn. The hotel burned in 1967. The blacksmith shop was operated by Bert and Will Conine. After school would stop and watch them shoe the horses . Mr. Kenny operated the elevator . Besides the farmers benefiting from it many of us earned our spending money here by picking beans . The beans were on a rotating belt and we picked the bad beans from the good ones. Our doctor was Dr. Erwin who made all his calls with his horse carriage . His office was in his house. My first day of school was Sept. 1898. Edith Hotelling was the teacher . We learned our 3R's in the Oak Grove High School. There were two rooms. The small room on the back had the grades up to the sixth. The large room the grades up to the eleventh . The teachers were Harry Durfee , Roy Lannen and Edmond Conklin. In the small room, Edith Durfee, Edith Hosley, Erwin and Leola Statey . If we were disciplined at school and complained about it at home we had no sympathy . Many of the farmers hauled logs in the winter to the saw mill. They hauled them on sleighs Dec., Jan. and Feb. had steady sleighing. They also put up ice for the summer . The ice was cut in blocks of 12 by 16 inches from the pond and put in ice houses (a small building) and packed between layers of saw dust from the saw mill. It usually lasted till late August. The ice was used for making ice cream on Sundays, the Fourth of July and the many ice cream socials not many home with an ice cream freezer . Transportation was by railroad , horse and carriage or cutter or walking. Edd Hotelling had the first auto about 1907. There was a gasoline motor coach on the Ann Arbor that stopped at the road crossin_g to discharge and pick up passengers . It was called "The Potato Bug," we would go to Howell on it to the roller rink on Sat. The Ladies Aid of the church gave a dinner once a month . The dinner was $.25, proceeds going to the church . The food was furnished by the church members . The dinners were always well attended . Oak Grove had a very good band . They gave concerts on Sat. nights. Mr. Isham was the band conductor . The huckleberr y swamp back of town gave us our berries for winter . It is state owned now. The Sears and Montgomery catalogs were an important way of shopping. The Catalogs gave us many pleasant hours. Weddings and funerals were held in the home. A wreath of flowers was placed on the door 153 Winter i n Oak Grove in early 1900's-house in background now owned by B. VanPatton, but at one time owned by S. Campbell who also operated a grocery store in Oak Grove . 154 Now known as Larch St. 155 Viewing Oak Grove from the west side of the mill dam-the house on the right is Ed Winchell's place-Campbells' store, the church & mill can also be seen . of the home of the deceased . The swimming hole was in the creek below the grist mill. When the mill was running we would have to wait for the race to slow down. We did not have radio , TV, autos and not many phones, but it did not take long to get a crowd to gather for the many socials and birthday parties . In summer the chautaugua "Old Maids Tea Party" was one of the projects to raise money for the church . Mrs. Edd Pearce, Mrs. Staley, Mrs. Stodard, Mrs. Dickerson, Mrs. Lamoreux, Mrs. Reader, Mrs. John Pearce, Mrs. 156 came with the big tent and an important way of shopping. Also the medicine shows and stock companies "Uncle Tom's Cabin" and Ten Nights in a Bar Room" were favorites . In winter there were sleigh rides, plenty of buffalo robes and blankets to keep us warm . The singing , fun making and sleigh bells on the horses are pleasant memories. Bixby, Mrs. Rodgers, Mrs . Erwin, Edd Hotelling, Lee Pharis is the leader . There were no cars and not many phones . But it did not take long to get her fr iends together for a birthday party on Mrs . lshan . The house is across from the parsonage . Creamery & grist mill opposite m i ll pond-around 1910. One of the projects in entertainment for the church , was the Ladies ' Independent Band of Oak Grove . 159 \f ,: =: :: : ·' Graduating class of 1911, Oak Grove School Oak Grove High School, now Geer Hall. 160 Howell Poets Grace Lannen Grace Lannen was born in Oak Grove and until recently has lived with her husband Roy on the Lannen farm on 8003 Byron Road. Mrs. Lannen graduated from Howell High School and from Ypsilanti State Normal College. She taught school in the Howell Elementary System and in Hartland. She is the mother of four children. She was always interested in all Literary projects . She was a charter member of the Lansing Poetry Club and for many years a member of the Howell Women's Club. For several years she worked two afternoons a week in the Howell Carnegie Library. She also was a member and an active worker in the Oak Grove Methodist Church and former member of Philip Livingston Chapter DAR. Grace Lannen helped to create an atmosphere of intellectual growth and understanding in whatever group she was associated with. Written by her dear friend , Carrie Howell AUTUMN'S EVIDENCE Ido not know how Love began For Dawn surpasses human ken, Nor can I comprehend the span Of Love, in age on age of men, But this I hold-Love blesses man. In countless ways, I see and know The evidence of Love's rare plan- Today, I saw the sumacs glow. -Grace Filkins Lannen MEMORIAL PRAYER (Written in memory of Anna Norquist Swanson, a former Lansing Poetry Club member) Lord of our lives, from whom we came And whence all must return , she heard Your whispered call and, like a bird With beauty answered, "Yea." Yet she Still lives for we can hear her song Poised on its pinions, soul aflame As goldenly, it rings along The sun drenched cliffs of memory . May that sweet song, 0 God, inspire Our earthbound flights to crags yet higher. -Grace Filkins Lannen FRIENDSHIP Friendship is a hallowed blossom, Shy and sweet. It roots itself into our hearts And is replete With fragrance, grace , and beauty . Like a soft caress, It touches all the soul-starved world With loveliness . -Grace Filkins Lannen Annabel Kellogg Van Winkle By (Mrs. Charles K.) Betty Barth Vanwinkle Annabel Kellogg VanWinkle lived almost her entire married life in Howell, Michigan. The early years were necessarily taken up with the care of a growing family of five children. However, her interests were many and varied, serving to bring enrichment to her home and family. Her father , Charles C. Kellogg, was assistant postmaster and postmaster of Detroit , Michigan for 38 years . During this time, he collected stamps, a hobby which she continued, and which she encouraged in her children. Through the D.A.R. she pursued her interest in history and geneology. She traced the geneological lives of not only her family , but also those of the VanWinkles, assembling the data for her children to know and share with their children. This interest in the past led to the careful preservation of family antiques, an additional bonus for her children and grandchildren. An outgoing person, she had an enduring interest in, and love of people. She belonged to several women's clubs of her time, and entertained frequently. A life-long devotion to her church reflected her constant trust in God and nature . She worked faithfully in her church, and as long as health permitted , in her garden . After her family was grown and gone, she joined the Lansing Poetry Club with various other women of Livingston County, enjoying a whole new outreach of association and expression. Much of her faith and compassion is reflected in her poems. Several of her poems were published in poetry magazines , and a collection of her poems was published , entitled "Heritage." A COVERED BRIDGE A covered bridge above a rushing brook, Re-echoes sounds which linger there once heard; When I within its sheltered coolness look! Of oxen lowing a soft plaintive word, Their muzzles etched with hoarfrost, their flanks A steaming mass , those winters of deep snow; Of hobnailed boots resounding on the planks, And skipping tiny shoes with copper toes. The brook goes on and tells of days when men With pole and peavey floated logs to build The bridge ; of boys beneath who should have been At school, whose voices years ago were stilled. Gay lad and lass made it their trysting place These faintly now I hear within its space. by Annabel Vanwinkle INDIAN TRAIL A boulder stands beside a busy street To mark that trail the Indians had worn Across the state on moccasined soft feet The Chippewas to hunt or went forsworn To smoke the pipe of peace with the white men Or trekked to join the Pottawatamies Under a cold pale moon to dance and then Grim call, north wind came crackling in the trees. 161 A lonely pine stands by that thoroughfare To mark the trail and whisper of the spaces So empty of the forest trees now rare , A sentinel for those two dying races , There are no braves who journey in the fall Or other Norway trees so straight and tall. WAR The War God has broken his chain And sends men out inflicting pain ; To prove his right and worship him With bomb, torpedo and with shell ; Thus make the world a living hell For those who will not fall with awe Saluting him who made that law. The Peace God with resolute will Leads men with firmness out to kill; But not for avarice 's gain Nor yet for crazed ambition 's lure Does he urge men to now endure ; And draws them into war for peace To conquer so that strife may cease . And when at last in chains the War God stands The Peace God looks at blood upon his hands . THE CHRIST MASS The scent of balsam fills all the Church While lighted candles shed their soft glow. The Midnight Mass soon will be intoned. The Sanctus bell is heard very clear . The Priest repeats the words as of old. This is My body broken for you, And this My blood which is shed for you. The snow is falling fast footsteps hushed As worshippers walk silently home, A part of the Christ Child in their souls. OCTOBER A purple haze engulfs the hills October's early morns And dew is deep upon the grass While wood smoke fills the air . The harvest time is nearly past October rest awhile At noon the sun hangs high; its glow Of gold enfolds the earth And lures the birds on southward wing To tarry in their flight Your loveliness is everywhere October wait awhile At dusk a chill wraps everything And winter 's icy breath Is felt in all the out-of-doors And men seek hearth and cheer . Oh! fairest month of all the year October stay awhile. 162 MY OLD CLOCK Alone, when all is peaceful and quite still, From where it sits upon the mantel shelf I hear my old clock musing to itself Of great grandfather 's house built on a hill Where it belonged in Boston town when new. "I told my friends when to arise, be fed, And when at ten each one should be in bed ; I sent the children off to school I knew. Your family do not heed my alarm. Instead , electric clocks tell them to rise. Now I am old; a slight I can excuse, For I have learned that age brings its own charm, And with each year grows quietly more wise, I see you, tranquil , too, content to muse . Clara L. Sharpe One of the Howell poets of the 1940's was Clara L. Sharpe , wife of Earl , who resided at 111 Byron Road from 1915 until her death in 1960. She was an active member of the community , her particular interest being the choir of the old Walnut Street Methodist Church. Although some of her poems were published in the Detroit News and church publications, most of them were simply shared with her friends . Her topics reflected her great love for her family, for her friends and for her God. Many of them, such as , " Our Brother Man," (included in this collection) dealt with ideas that were destined to become major issues in the post-war era. Maurine Sharpe Crandall MY MAN-EARL SHARPE I'd like to tell you 'bout my man. He's one the world should know. He's kind and good to everyone Upon this earth below. The folks all feel they know him well, And every boy and girl Says " Hi there!" as they pass him by. They always call him Earl. We live within a little town Where everyone's his friend And all feel free to ask of him For he's so free to lend. He'd take the shirt right off his back If one were thus in need. He loves to work around his yard And sow God's flower seed . There's not another yard in town Looks quite as nice as ours For my good man takes pride in it And works on it for hours . He says it makes our little place Look nice as folks pass by, And so it helps our little town. It takes the tourist's eye. Now my man's not so much for style. He'll wear a suit of blue And then he may put green socks on And his hat may not be new. But, just the same, folks like him. Tho' the world is in a whirl, They always pat him on the back And say , "How are you, Earl? " Now, I say he's worth a million, A man the world should know. If every man could be like him, There 'd be peace on earth below. MOVING AWAY They're moving away , My neighbors next door, Scott, the boy, Joe, the dog; Pat, the girl I adore, And Helen and Howard . I hardly can bear To think of that house Without those folks there. The children have seemed Clara L. Sharpe February 5, 1943 Almost like my own. Joe came to my back door Each day for a bone. They're mighty good folks, And I know I shall cry When the moving van goes And I wave them good-bye. Clara L. Sharpe August 23, 1943 Published, Detroit News, June 3, 1944 OUR BROTHER MAN I sat listening to a sermon Preached by a man of fame . 'Twas on a lovely summer's eve . The sunset was a flame. His pulpit was beside the shore, Beyond there stretched a pier . The people sat and listened. They came from far and near. My eyes gazed out beyond the crowd And out upon the pier A colored boy stood all alone. From there he tried to hear The words the pastor had to say For he was not allowed To join the white folks on the shore Or mingle with the crowd. My thoughts were taken from the words The pastor had to say, For I was thinking of the boy Who stood so far away. In him I saw the sermon That men must brothers be, Before we can have peace on earth To last eternally. Our color may not be the same But when we see the soul, And not the surface of the man , Our lives will be made whole. So we must give them equal rights, The blacks, all race of man, To walk upon this earth the same As all the white folks can. For God made the world for all of us And not for just a few. So let's hasten the day for equal rights And make this world anew. Then our battles will be over ; All alike we'll be ; and then We'll know exactly what God meant By, "Love your brother men." Clara L. Sharpe, March 12, 1943 Published in the Michigan Christian Advocate 163 ODE TO THE SHIAWASSEE There is a woodland place I know, Through whose depths a stream doth flow. Swirling, eddying through all time , For all creation indeed sublime. Art thou named for warriors past, Who in thee didst their line once cast? Or traveled abroad thy rippling waters, With skins of beaver, mink and otters. Thou hast known the winter cold, When freezing winds doth blow so bold. Then locking fast thy channels do, Thou appearest to sleep til spring renew . Oh friend of beaver and deer alike, And neath thy waters rippling bright . Thou carest for crayfish and the clam, Under protection of his dam . Grasses and willows adorn thy banks, For which indeed we give Thee thanks. When catkins in the spring appear , To fill our hearts with delight and cheer . Thy sun l it pools of watercress, Thou dost bestow on us and bless. Where minnows do wander to and fro, Though never quite sure where to go . Often I have sought thee when, I chanced to wander thy wooded glen. How peace and tranquility thou didst give, And caused my spirit again to live . But alas, Man ' s foolish plunder, For his ways have cast thee asunder. And often I' ve wished it were possible to restore , Thy woodland beauty for evermore . GEORGE G . CELESTIN Emil Ernst Bode Merely Explanatory By One of Them We stood in the barn at midnight While the clock was striking the hour, Waiting for the lights to vanish Around the schoolhouse tower. This was the night selected , And a better one never was seen For fulfilling the unpleasant duty Postponed from Hallow-E'en. 164 Two hours we had busily labored In moulding our master-piece , But at night's most ghostly hour We three from our labors did cease . And now the town slept in darkness , And we were free to come forth After taking from the window our blanket , And blowing out the lantern, of course. To avoid inquisitive watchmen , We took a rather wide route; On the sharp lookout for danger , And if necessary , ready to scoot. But we reached the schoolhouse in safety And after securing a limb , Slid thro' the door of the woodhouse, Accompanied, of course, by him. We passed thro ' the halls in silence; Ascending the well-worn flights And climbing the rickety ladders, Could see here and there the lights. Every window we tried was fastened, (We were not prepared for such fun) And ere we could get the nails loosened, The court house clock struck one. But they yielded at last to our efforts And we now proceeded with ease; Our limb we shoved thro ' the window And " Old Grizzly' swung to the breeze . We now tho't of duty completed, And hoped that the morrow's sun Would show to all beholders What, perhaps , we might have done. But what should we do with the ladder , To leave it would ruin the hope. We pulled it up into the belfry , And slid down the scuttle rope . So this is the simple story Of the work of one dark night, When we three risked our lives in the belfry, Without even a match for a light. And for fear that suspicion has fastened On those who deserve not the same, This is written to clearly establish That we three are but to blame. The Wicked Stand in Slippery Places By E . E . Bode, S.S.D. One day, the snow begins to fall On cities large and hamlets small . Next, comes a thaw or winter rain : A freeze turns slush to ice again Then, icy sidewalks lie in wait For him who sees, a step too late, The slip'ry place, that glary strand, Where e'en the wicked cannot stand A man falls slith 'ring on the ice With comments fervent, but not nice: A schoolboy, trailing just behind, Snickered , of course, you know the kind Then he, too, slipt and down he went, Saying things he must have meant For the shockproof ears of hardened kids Or the guy, ahead, who'd hit the skids Such spills occur throughout the town Where old and young keep slipping down, Breaking a leg, spraining a wrist , Or giving backs a crippling twist (But Not In This Town) With ne'er a slip, by day or night, Loaded down or trav 'ling light But there are spots , on every street, That those who walk are sure to meet. Some day the owners may forget To watch their steps-they 'll get theirs yet In many towns, they slap a fine On folks who fail by eight or nine, To shovel off new-fallen snow: Why not in mine-I'd like to know? I think, b'gosh, I'll go away Where snow that falls remains to stay Until warm weather comes again And folks that need it, pray for rain Life must be grand in Tucumcari Where the skies are blue and nights are starry, Or down in sunny Mexicali : No snow to shovel there, by golly I may move out to Tucson, spicy- The sidewalks there are never icy- Luxuriate in Honolulu Or stick it out here-what would you do? All hail the man who leaves no snow Doctor of Snow Shoveling Upon his walk where one may go Phantom Guests at the Twilight Hour By Emil Ernst Bode To reach the age"Three Score and Ten" Is all that's promised to most men, And the weight of four score , year on year, Is a heavy load for some, I fear . But, looking down the Vale of Years From old age back to childhood's tears , Are days and scenes dear to recall , Fond Mem'ry 's gift to old-timers, all, And companions of a vanished day, Boy pals of mine, long gone their way, Oft appear at the twilight hour , Phantom guests at an old man's bower. We sit and review the fun we had ; All of it free for every lad- Just a can of bait and an old fishpole, The magic lure of the swimming hole, Roaming the woods when autumn came, Hunting for squirrel, elusive game ; 165 Winter sports on lake and hills, Pastimes beloved-each had its thrills. Those happy, carefree, boyhood days : We view them through a golden haze . Time marches by on hurrying feet Yet halts, for that hour, when old boy friends meet. October 26, 1952 An Old Timer's Reveries By Emil Ernst Bode I oft recall long-vanished days: My old home by the mill, Big bluegills 'round the water wheel, The " crick" beneath the hill, The winding path to the country school I tramped with dinner pail, Young wintergreens back in the woods, Johnny-jump-ups in the vale. Those joyous hours at the swimming hole, October's golden days, The lure of winter's icebound lake, Sport, catching on bobsleighs. Could I reclaim one, priceless day From boyhood's squandered store, I'd save it up for Christmas Time, To live its thrills one more; To share it with that pal of mine And the boys I used to know: Scarce one owned a dime; but fun was free-- In those days of long ago. Soon, scattered afar, boy sailors, all, Embarking on Life's sea, Now, few are left of those Argonauts Who put to sea with me. The Chrisbnas Fire By Emil Ernst Bode In the embers' Gold of Ophir, Once, a gnarled, hillside tree, Appear familiar scenes and faces Through Mem'ry's magic alchemy. We fare, again, on youthful ventures, By trails we followed long ago, Across the lake to beckoning hilltop; To wintry woods and fields of snow. 166 Mary Park Vogel Mrs. Mary Park Vogel who resides on Spring Street, Howell was born May 13, 1884i n Berrien County, Mich. She is the author of the book "And the Stage Coach Tipped Over," which she wrote when she was in her eighties . A former school teacher, she had previously written articles and stories for magazines when she had lived in Montana and Wyoming. Her grandfather was a stage coach driver and her historical novel features some of the incidents from his life. Her mother was born in Pinckney at the time her grandfather drove the stage to Detroit on the Plank Road . Mrs. Vogel attended Central State Teacher's College at Mt. Pleasant, a widow, she has two grown daughters and is a grandmother . Her hobbies are gardening , flower-growing, family history and antiques. McPherson Dairy and Butter Farm 1863-1963, McPherson Float with George Dunn , Skip, Sherry and Jack . The Peckens home on the Rutter farm , 1949. The loads of hard work to be put up in the hay mow. Paul Peckens driv i ng the 1963 McPherson float. Dunn Brothers Dairy trucks , 1953. McPherson Farms-Dunn Brothers Dairy, 1952. 167 Joe Brady is toastmaster at a banquet in Bob Menzie's implement salesroom. Picking raspberries on the farm. Washing down the pigs-a thankless job . Spring plowing. 169 Howell Co-op 1954 Howell co-operative company , a 1917 company and second oldest farm co-operative in Michigan, instigated by Ernest Lawson and Jim Hays, had a roster of 2300 farm patrons when this picture was taken about 1954. A full board was on hand when Marshall Warren of Farm Bureau Services presented a large patronage check to Burr Clark, president . Other board members from the left, are Chester Clark, manager , Robert Smith, Andrew Jackson, Mervil Moore , Joe Harris, Raymond Cook, secretary, and Lloyd Miller. Junior Farm Bureau, 1941 Livingston County was always represented at state junior Farm Bureau train i ng camps at Waldenwoods near Hartland . In 1941 these eight Howell and three Fowlerville young folks were there . Front row, I. to r ., Marjorie Nash (Mrs . Clayton Klein), Willis Duncan, Harold 170 Robb , Ardis Richards (mrs. Arza Clark) , Arza Clark, and Chester Clark . Back row, Glendon Hoisington, Charles Latson , Mary Love (Mrs. Henry M i ller), Frances Clark (Mrs. William Cronkrite), and William Cronkrite. Building a silo in 1909. 171 That has to be a real string of Bluegills! The lore and lure of Howell Lake By Francis Raymond Line Copyright 1976 Howell Lake of the 1910's- and all those tangled woods and fields which turned its five-mile circumference into a world of wonder-probably belonged to someone, although no signs and few fences suggested such a possibility . We Howell kids were the real owners. How man y American towns have an enormous sprawling surface of clear blue water lapping right up to the end of some of the streets-almost to the edge of the school playground? After school or on Saturdays : " Hey, Mom, we're going down to the lake"- and we were off to one of the swimming holes, or a rendezvous with a hidden scow, an icy adventure in winter , or sometimes the five-mile trip of exploration clear around it. There was always adventure ; the lake was different every time we went there-filled with new mysteries and excitements to tantalize a small boy's taste buds. Saturdays were the most likely times that we would head over to the deserted log cabin , almost half way round , on the far side . As I recall, it was the only structure of any kind that we encountered on the whole trip around the lake, from the 172 time we left Wenk's Mill not far from the foot of Lake Street , until we reached Hutching 's Mill by the dam clear at the other end. The log cabin was just a one-room shell-with a loft-but we always liked to explore it. That area had the fewest touches of civilization and was good for all kinds of discoveries . A small boy is blest with a double set of exploratory powers. He tackles every exploration , both physically and imaginatively . The physical searching didn't last long-after we had dug between a few logs for secret treasure , and found that the loft was so rickety it couldn't conceal a thing. But our imaginings peopled that cabin and its surrounding field and woods with every kind of hardy and romantic pioneer of some dim past. Who knows but what we were right? Kids Love Snakes Surrounding the cabin , there really were things to explore . It think it's probable that my sense of wonder , which has been one of the greatest assets of my life, must have been born-or at least received some marvelous fertilizationaround those fields and swails , and along the tiny creek , over there on the far side of Howell Lake and on the whole trip around it. There was a fine woods just beyond the cabin. They say the grass on the other side is always greenest. I don't recall the grass over there being green, but it was tall and wind-blown-fun to run in. There were lots of snakes ; once, with much hunting, we found 22 in a single visit. Kids love snakes . Once Church Platt and I found a partly-rotting rowboat sunk in a marshy strip near shore below the cemetery . We pulled it out, and every few days after school we went down to nurse that old hulk back to life. It was a sunken pirate's treasure right in our own back pond. The launching came on a Saturday. Using a board for an oar we got about a quarter of the way across the lake-one of us bailing breathlesslybefore the hulk finally sank . We swam back to shore . In winter , when the lake had frozen a foot or so thick, men would mark off a section as big as the high school football field and saw the ice into great oblong crystal blocks. Big draft horses pulled the blocks into the straw-packed wooden ice house on shore-our town's ice supply for all summer . There was a lot of wonderful noise around there; the enormous saws biting into the ice ; men yelling at the stubborn horses ; occasional explosions as the ice sheet would crack ; the horses puffing and straining like steam engines, accompanied by neighing and snorting . What mattered to us was that the open water-after the cutting-would freeze back over and make the smoothest , glassiest skating of the winter , as slick and shiny as the marble soda-fountain counter down at Barron & Wines drugstore . We always had to be careful , though, to wait until it was thoroughly frozen again . I think that one or two people fell through by using the new ice too soon. I know a lot of dogs did. There were signs: "Thin Ice" but how many dogs can read signs? Approach of spring was when the lake was most dangerous . Once my brother and I, coming across, fell The first V .C. kids' fishing contest on Howell Lake. through when the ice had become thin near the edges , below Wenk's Mill. It was Sunday and no one was around . We didn't go clear under and somehow helped each other to get to shore. By the time we reached home-running most of the way-our clothes felt as though they were frozen stiff. We felt that way, too. As spring advanced , the shore ice would melt more and more , until a strip of tempting open water a quarter of a mile wide would lie between shore and the big ice sheet out in the lake . That's when my brother and I would go over to the west swimming hole, strip, and swim out till we touched the ice. We would shake with the cold, but I guess it was fun. At least we were there to do the same thing again the next spring. There were two swimming holes. The one east of Hutching's Mill, on the far side beyond the island , was where we swam out to the ice, and that was the one we used as we grew bigger . The first swimming hole that I remember was on the opposite shore across from Wenk's Mill. It was a little muddy-just a 15 or 20 foot mud-bottomed clearing in the reeds that some unknown philanthropist had made in the past. I don't suppose any kid in Howell used a bathing suit when swimming in Howell Lake . We'd hike around to the swimming hole, peel off our clothes , and plunge in. No one was ever around . Except once. As a bunch of us boys-I think it was Chuck, Hank, and Sam Platt , Rod and Gerd Hubbell, and maybe "Dad" Tupper-were approaching the swimming hole, we heard voices. Then, just as we got near , cries of dismay . Some girls rushed out of the water , grabbed their lacy clothes which were on some of the bushes, and ran away wildly. Women's Lib was a long ways off in 1910's. Girls weren 't supposed to use Howell Lake for swimming-not in those days, at least when boys wanted the swimming hole. Frisbee 's Woods was close to the lake-down near the 173 The original Pettysville Mill, north of Hamburg. cemetery . There we kids could hike from each other , then have a world of fun trying to find one another . The young hickory trees were so limber that we could climb to the top of one, start swaying , and almost reach the ground as we swayed back and forth. Edgar Rich Burrough 's Tarzan of the Apes had just come out. I remember Dusty Purdy and Chuck Platt running up breathlessly to our house to ask if we'd read it yet. That book, for a time , turned Frisbee 's Woods into an African jungle, and the hickory trees became giant teak forests-or whatever Tarzan swung on. In the fall we sometimes gathered hickory nuts in Frisbee 's Woods but there were better places-with the shaggy-bark kind-farther out from Howell. In spring , these woods were the best place of all to get violets and May Flowers for making May Baskets , which we'd hang on our favorite girl 's door the night of May 1, give a loud knock, then run away . Rowing, Skating Hazardous One arm of the lake-toward the southeast-used to have a lot of stumps . These were bad , since they made rowing dangerous in summer , and skating hazardous in winter . That 's 174 what the grown-ups thought. We kids rather enjoyed snaking our boat in and around the stumps; or sometimes in winter trying to dodge them as we skated . One winter , when the lake level was unusually low, the stumps stuck up a long ways above the ice. A. Riley Crittenden organized a volunteer work team . Men went out and cut off the stumps at ice-level. I can't remember now, but I suppose that when the lake level rose in the spring , the stumps were no longer a problem . The only "inhabited" part of the whole lake except for the areas near Wenks and Hutchin's Mills was the cemetery . Once a speaker at our weekly high school assembly (I think it was the same A. Riley Crittenden) said : "Howell's cemetery possibilities are better than any other town in the state ." C.W. Courter , the school superintendent who was in charge of the assembl y, didn't know whether Mr. Crittenden was speaking seriously , or giving us all a dig. I think he was serious . The cemetery was beautiful-the place we'd nearly always take visitors for a drive . On three sides it was surrounded by water . The road around it was narrow. When driving around it the left-hand way, the narrow road went down a steep incline, then veered sharply to the right just at the water's edge. An elderly woman , in an old car , once didn't make the turn and drove right into the lake . That was a favorite story which we always told to the visitors . We kids used to spend a lot of time reading the grave stone markers . We were genuinely interested in seeing the dates-way way back-when some of the persons had been born, how long some of them lived, and things like that. We liked to read the "sayings" on the markers, too. Sometimes the printing would be partially blurred or worn away with time. We made wild excited guesses at the illegible dates on some of the oldest markers . We were rubbing elbows with history . When one of us found a really old date , we'd yell for the other kids to come look. Chuck Platt 's father , Mayor S.S. Platt , had carved and ground a lot of those markers in his little downtown monument shop. Chuck was my closest friend in early school days. Most of the time , our view of the cemetery was from the lake itself. In summer , we'd row from near Wenk's Mill, going clear around toward the dam at Hutching's Mill, sometimes stopping to reconnoitre on the island . That journey always took us around two sides of the cemetery . And in winter we'd make that same route on skates . When the ice was smooth and the wind just right, two of us would sometimes hold a double bed sheet between us. It was better than a sail and if we could keep from falling, the wind would whirl us around the cemetery point and the length of that lake faster than we could go in Mr. Hamilton's Maxwell. Traveling that fast was cold. But it was more exciting than a ride on the whip at the Fowlerville Fair . Sometimes we'd visit the lake at night-when some of the older fellows were fishing through the ice. That was a different world. The far dim boundaries of the lake made it seem like a frozen ocean and the woods over by the swimming hole looked like a million miles away. Everything was big, and quiet , and sort of mysterious. Sometimes, if there was a moon, it would be beautiful , especially in winter after a snow storm when the lake was covered white. I can't very well imagine how a boy can grow up without a lake in his town. Stepping Off with the Line Brothers The Line Brothers-Winfield and Francis, former Howell residents-virtually started their lifelong careers in this scene before the Livingston County Court House. This was the day, in the summer of 1922, that they began a 13-month hiking and adventure trip to every state in the Union, working their way and sleeping out every night. The other scene shows them , between their sophomore and junior years at the University of Michigan, in 1925, starting a similar trip on which they traveled around the world, by foot , bicycle, cattle boat, immigrant ship , and freighters. Francis Line went on to make travel and adventure his career , producing documentary motion pictures in Lapland , Finland, Western Europe, Asia, and the United States , with which he lectured throughout America . Today, in association with his wife Helen, whom he married in Howell in 1928, he makes educational films for schools, universities, and libraries. Winfield Line, after expanding the original Line store in Howell into a chain and selling it to the D and C, also became an extensive traveler . With his Korean wife , Dr . Grace Song Line, whom he married in Howell in 1928, he became an authority on Korea. The Song-Line Foundation promotes Korean charities and causes . The Line Brothers, at the end of their 48-state hike, in 1923, gave their very first travel lecture in Howell's First Methodist Church, as a charity event to raise money for building a new wing to the church. That event was arranged by A. Riley Crittenden. 175 Old Main Old Main Administration Building of MSS after completion . This is how the building looked after it was completed. This picture is dated 1912. The building was torn down several years ago . Phyllis Euler Rancour The Michigan State Sanatoriunt By Mrs. Nellie Glenn The Michigan State Sanatorium for Tuberculosis, the first institution for the treatment of the disease in Michigan, was established by an act of the legislature in 1905. Dr. Robert L. Kennedy of Detroit was appointed Superintendent and under his direction the building and development was accomplished. The institution opened for the treatment of patients on September 10th 1907. The Staff at that date was : Dr. R.L. Kennedy, Supt. and Physician ; Charles Hoff, Farmer ; Orla Smith, Fireman ; Ella Smith, Cook; Ethel McIntire, Maid. The Superintendent and his family lived then in the old farm house at the south edge of the Sanatorium property. Later , when the Main Building with accomodations for the staff and employees was completed in the summer of 1908, the Superintendent and his family lived in that building. The farmer and his family lived first in the small house at the East entrance to the grounds. On September 11th, 1907, Nellie Lansing of Howell began work as the secretary and bookkeeper. These notes are compiled from her records during the period of September 11, 1907 to August 20th, 1910. The first two patients were admitted the evening of Sept. 10th, 1907. .. Louis Rambo and Walter Ulrick, both of Detroit and both patients of Dr . Henry J . Hartz who was the Secretary of the State Sanatorium Board. (At that time each institution in the State had an appointed Board of Directors who governed the administration of its own institution. Board meetings were held monthly at the Sanatorium. At these meetings the bills and accounts were audited, the policy of government discussed and all business transacted .) 176 The accomodations for patients were an open shack no. 1 built on the brow of the hill overlooking the East entrance about two hundred feet from the rear of the administration building. This accomodated ten or twelve men, two open wings with half doors on the south side, and a heated lobby and dressing room. Treatment consisted of rest twenty-four hours a day, much of it in bed. The winter of 1907-0Sw as a particularly severe one and horse blankets , felt boots, heavy coats and clothing were required equipment for each patient . Each patient was required to walk to the main dining room in the Administration Building for his meals . This was usually the only exercise allowed. Most of the early patients were far advanced cases . Six months was allowed for treatment for each patient. Cases were in two classes : those able to pay their own expenses and State aid or County cases . The charge of an individual was $7.00 per week, and no exceptions were made in the care and accomodations of either class. The nursing , food, laundry and housing were all included in the cost. The monthly allowance by the State for maintenance was $666.66 and was strictly observed in expenditures . Each employee received a stated salary , his rent , food and laundry. At this time the scale of wages was high for the community and many local persons sought employment here. At the time of opening, the Main building was only the rear part consisting of the kitchen, dining room, a small room used as the office, a laundry in the basement; upstairs over these rooms were the sleeping rooms for the help, nurse , secretary . Total of six rooms. The building was continued during the severe winter of 1907-08a nd was completed for use with offices, reception room, laboratory and linen rooms below and sleeping rooms for staff above in July 1908. An Note Extra information that can be shown with the item. Such as how to get a physical copy of the item. Use the Windows Snipping Tool to capture the area of the document you want to save. If you want multiple pages printed please see staff to print the pages you want. <a href="https://howelllibrary.org/technology/#print" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the library's printing information.</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Howell Bicentennial History 1776-1976 Photo Supplement (Part 1 of 2) Pages 1-176 Description An account of the resource The Howell, Michigan Bicentennial History Supplement 1776-1976 Part 1 of 2. Pages 1-176 <ul> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/241">View Bicentennial History Part 1</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/242">View Bicentennial History Part 2</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/243">View Bicentennial History Part 3</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/244">View Photo Supplement Part 1</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/245">View Photo Supplement Part 2</a></li> </ul> Subject The topic of the resource History Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No Copyright - United States Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jaehnig, D.L. ed Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The American Revolution Bicentennial Committee, City of Howell Michigan Type The nature or genre of the resource Text history https://archives.howelllibrary.org/files/original/343c160cfed3686499bcf62cb90151e3.pdf 9a3035aa6d314c51cca4dea37bec9615 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books - Local History Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Hidden Search Text Enter Search Text that is always hidden except to edit. The Sunday Ballgame There was not a lot to do on a Sunday afternoon . So when there was a game , as there usually was, everyone came . No bleachers , they all stood or sat on the ground to watch and cheer . 423 Howell Sports There were many good ball teams after the turn of the century and this is one of the better ones posing in front of the East Ward school near the athletic field . Typical football uniform 1918. Notice the shoes, hip pads and helmet . The helmet , made of soft padded leather could be folded up 426 after the game and put in your hip pocket when you went home to supper. Howell High school's first football team started in 1896. Howell Sports By DUANE ZEMPER A group of people who spent most of their time clearing land, breaking ground , and gathering fieldstones had little time for team sports, if there had been any in the early days of the territor y recently called Livingston County. Hunting and fishing were surely enjoyed by those hardy people but it was also a necessit y to fill the larder for tomorrow and the winter . Other than this there was not much we would consider sport until after the Civil War when a game came from the East called Croquet. Croquet was a relatively simple game, still played today, where you hit a round wooden ball with a wooden mallet through wire arches called wickets , stuck in the ground . Quite a bit of skill was acquired by some of the old timers in town though they didn't have the smooth lawns which we have today . A few other sports came along which were a natural for every area . Horse shoe pitching was a natural , as any blacksmith shop could furnish all the used shoes needed for free . Archery , too, was relevant because of the memories of the old timers , of the weapons used by the Indians in hunting their game . About 1890 there was a team game which was working its way west. The game was called baseball-Hurrah! We at last have started a team sport in our area . Baseball flourished quickly in Howell, first as community teams playing against each other and soon after also having teams fielded by high schools who played each other in regularly scheduled games . When one of these teams were playing a team in another town, it was necessary for them to travel to that town by horse and wagon, or for the farther towns, they traveled by train . It could be a joyous ride home with singing and cheers , or a quiet glum ride after a loss. Another team sport started here just a few year s later . About 1893 we find the first recorded uniformed team for football called the Oceola Giants . They played other teams in the area with great success . Howell High School fielded its first football team in 1896. The coach was a colored man who had played at the University of Michigan his name was Mitchell. Howell High had man y good teams and many great players for the area , but it was 59 years (1955 ) before they finally had an undefeated and untied football season . After the turn of the century , baseball was very strong in Howell. In 1904 the Howell team , backboned by Bert Tooley, Roy and Ray Newcombe, Morgan, Jewitt and the Young brothers , won almost everything except two of the four gam es they played with Flint High School. Each claiming the state championship, but tied in wins, it was decided that a final game should be played in Durand , as a neutral field. A special train was put on the Ann Arbor Railroad to carry the fans and most of the merchants closed their stores for the day to attend the game . Howell lost he game 9-7 and it was a long train ride home. However, they came back the next year in 1905 and claimed the state championship , beating all comers who would meet them . The years of 1910-11 were also great years for Howell, although many of their great players were graduated but still not out of baseball . Many of the very good players of the 1904 and 1905 teams continued in baseball after high school. Bert Tooley played with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1911-12. Ray Newcombe played 427 Coach Paul Bennetts first year at Howell, 1926. This is his team which went to the final game of the State championship. with the Southern Mich. Prof. League in Bay City, and Roy Newcombe played with the Copper Country Prof. League in the upper peninsula. Hank Perry , also of Howell, played one year with the Detroit Tigers. Ruy Newcombe was signed by the Tigers to play the next year but his wife at that time (his first wife) talked him into leaving baseball. The pictures from that era are spiced with pictures of Ty Cobb, the Detroit Tiger Hall of Fame player , who spent a great deal of time hunting and fishing in the Howell area. Baskeball got its start about 1908 when a young man who was a clerk in McPherson's Store gathered a group of young men together to organize our first team . His name was Gus Schmidt, later a Howell Florist , who started the " Howell Melon." His team, with Wm. McPherson III , Emil Bode, Chas. Vanwinkle and other very athletic young men of the town had very great success in the new sport which, at this time, was not much past the " peach basket " game . The Howell High School basketball team first started about 1912.T hey played their games in the old roller skating rink at the spot where Mike Hagman 's Gas Station is now, across from McPherson Bank on Michigan A venue . The high school team had no gym to play their games in the old Central School, but when the new school was built in 1921 on Michigan Avenue, the team took over with Ford Beckwith , Garland, Bremer , Strobel, Edwards, Hubble, Cotter and Gregory. 428 That first year, 1922-23 the state high school athletic association figured a way to have a state championship tourney . Howell was second in the State Class "B" final game. The team of 1926-27 also were second in the state championship game . This was the first basketball team coached by Paul Bennett , in his first year as coach , one of the finest coaches if not the finest , in Michigan high school history . The basketball teams of the early '30's were very good as were the middle '30's with Dick Reiner, Foley , Dick Ross and others . The football team in 1922w as a very good team coached by Walt Groff. The players were Ford Beckwith , captain ; Herman Heeg, Cotter, Garland, the Hubble boys, the Weimaster boys, Cook, Lawson, Brogan , Brady, Pless , and Newman. In 1929, a math teacher was hired, whose ambition was to have a track team in the school. He was destined to be one of the great coaches of Howell. His name was Loren Willis. He sta rted that year , and by 1940 his won-lost record in dual meets was 23 wins and 12 losses . In his year s as Howell track coach he never had a losing season . After 29 years, he retired from Howell and moved to California with a 92-38 record . He coached his team to three regional championships in later years and was always respectable in the state meet. Some of his boys that I recall particularly were, Leo Rancour-fast, great athlete . Bob McMacken-sprinter , shot putter, great athlete . Doug Stinger-hurdler, varsity record 15 years. George Hasbrouck, state champion ½ mile. Bob Parks-state champion ¼ mile, now coach E.M .U. Stan Cook and Gehringer , sprinters (varsity record holders). Dick McMacken, state champ (2 years ), shot put. Carmen Kypke, pole vault , varsity record for 20 years. Others were Dan Chapel, Bede Robertson , Bill Deaner , Bill Hilton and B .. Weiland, J . Young, and many others . After the great team in 1933, football was quite average in Howell until after the war , when superintendent John Page brought in a coach whose name was John Munn. Munn had the makings of a good team when Fowlerville took him away from us. He later became superintendent of schools in the Fowlerville area . To take his place , John Page found Harold Fulk who had played as a lineman for U. of M. in the Rose Bowl. Fulk took over like a storm and in 1952 we beat Charlotte for the first time since 1933 and had a winning season . By 1954, they lost only two gam es and finally in 1955, Howell had their first undefeated and untied season in history , since 1896. Some of his players that I recall were-Bob McMacken , Doug Stringer , Sonny Brigham , John Mccloskey (all state Football began to be a big sport around this area before 1900. The first high school team was formed in 1896. This is the oldest picture available of a uniformed team. It was an independent team called the Oceola Giants . Look at the size of that football! '55), Jack Schultheis , Geo. Bennett , Orin Kendall , Boyd Shertzer , Bob Meyers , Bill Barr , Eldon Haller, Marshall Borden, Oliver Albright , Jim Rogers , John Beckwith, Chas. Brigham, Geo. Dunn, Bill Hilton, Bill McQuillan, Dick McMacken, and probably two of his greatest , Jesse Mack and Ed Bailer . There were many, many more great guys, including Dick St. Onge, Merle Schrepfer , Bruce and Jim Campbell, Tom Westphal , Matson-it could go on forever. After the 1930's, basketball was 50-50u ntil 1948. In that year the great ungainly Dick Hagni who was 6'4" and considered a giant in those days , became coordinated . That year was the last winning season until 1974.H agni broke the school scoring record with 27 points in one game. The former record , set by Harry Pierce, was 24 points. Pierce later went on to play with C.M.U. In 1964-5 we had pretty good ball teams which were 8-8. These were the first non-losing teams since 1948. The standbys on these teams were Tom Hicks, Gar y Kowalski, Dick McKeon, Steve Zemper , Bill Simmons , Dave McClernon, Tom Itsell and others. If Jim Simmons , a dead eye, had not graduated a little earlier , this could have been a championship team . Finally-a state championship. About two years after Willis left , we were able to get a very good track and cross-country coach . Bob Bloomer came out of E .M.U. to Howell and started a program which in its first year brought the cross-country state championship to 429 Howell. Top runners in the state meet were: Jack Hardy, Lynn McKee, Rick Zemper, Ralph Musson, Rick Gehringer, Rick Harris, and Matt Brady. In 1960 they came back with Zemper, Musson, Gehringer, to win the state meet for the second year in a row and they didn't have a senior on the team. However, when they came to their last year-whether from injuries or cockiness they ended up eighth . Bloomer followed through in track the next two years training boys as-Rick Zemper, Huron Relays champ, C.M.U. relays and River Rouge champ, regional champion and state champion and state record holder. Pat Eaton, second in the state hurdles and still varsity record holder . Rick Dunn, varsity records in 100 yard, 220 yard, 440 yard, and long jump . Other good men were Bob Probstfeld, Jim Anderson, Gary Kowalski, and Steve Zemper who earned his varsity letter as a freshman in the hurdles although he was trained as a distance man but was too young to run, according to state rules. In 1968w e had a very good team headed by Bob Anderson who broke Rick Dunn's varsity records in the 100, 220, and 440. In 1942, a new football coach was brought in from Fenton. His name was Don York and he immediately made his presence felt. Although he was a little man, Don demanded discipline and respect. The boys took hold and only lost two Gus Schmidt, later a Howell florist, started the first basketball team in Howell in 1908. Some of the men with him are William 430 games the first season. The second year, 1963, we had the second undefeted and untied season in our history . I've often wondered what he could have done with one of our greats- Chuck Arnold who later went to Kentucky University . Charlie played for three years on a team that won only one ballgame a few years before. Some of Don York's greats were Ron Arnold, later captain of E.M .U., John Dukes, later Alma College and present coach at Howell. Chuck Mageski, later Michigan Golden Gloves heavyweight champ, Bob Hopkins, later star wre~tler at . E.M.U., Fred (Fearless) Frostie, 5'2" of pure dynamite who, when he tackled an all-state player from Northville, that player left the game to recuperate. There were many others. In recent years there have been more sports added to the program. Wrestling was started with good men-Hopkins, Wellman, Hasbrouck, Tulip and others . The basketball team of '74 and '75 gave us our first winning season since 1948 under coach Jerry Johnson. Bruce Waha from Redford took over the cross-country boys and turned out teams that have lost one dual meet in four years, they won the league meet the last five years and have won all the county championships. His top runners have been Dan Zemper, never lost a dual meet in his three varsity years, two years regional champion, tw_o years class "A" a~lstate , had fastest high school 3 mile time ever recorded m McPherson 111, Emil Bode, and Chas. Van Winkle. Notice the clipped ears and barbed collar on the dog. The Howell basketball team about 1912, with Gus Schmidt as coach. This picture taken in the old skating rink where they played their home games . The losing team had to sit on the floor. Michigan in 1973. This team had great potential with Dan Zemaitis , Jeff Marcinkowski , D. J . Couture and others. In the last two years , womens liberation has taken over, and the girls have been having varsity teams with competition in many sports. In the first year of participation, Howell had a state girls champion when Ellen Dempsey won the championship in the high jump . We also have girls teams in tennis, basketball , and softball . This could go on forever , but I believe we should keep it for a supplement. There is enough of Howell sports that we could make it a book in itself. We've come a long way from croquet and horseshoes . Recreation By MILDRED BENNETT One of the rather regular features were the boxers (boys 12-13y rs. ) whom Lou Pelkey, a former professional boxer, trained. Gerald Pelkey, Lou's oldest son was one of these boys to box and he also put on demonstrations of fancy punching on a punching bag. Preston Pelkey and Ted Kurderko , also , were among the young boxers . This was back in the 1920's. There used to be a roller-rink on the corner where Mike Hagman 's gas station is now. In this building , dances were held quite regularly for young and old. People would dri ve in with horse and buggy- put their horses in the 10 cent horse barn , which was situated on the lot, which is now a parking lot- behind Swann's Store--<:!orner of Clinton and Walnut. Barn dances were also held out at a Fairlawn dance hall , out where Diamond Dot is now. Ed Maas ' band played there regularl y (he's still with us) Mr. Ed Beebe , father of Grace (Beebe) Franklin , used to call for these dances . The Finlan band , from Fowler ville, went all over the county, playing for dances. Then Supt. Courtier came to Howell Schools. He went to the Baptist Church . Between him and Rev . Brooks, Presby . minister , they started a church league in basketball. I understand August Schmitt worked with Rev . Brooks to start the basketball church league and also played on this first team . It was intersting to note how the boys changed their religious preferences , according to which church needed a player . They played in the old roller-rink and Presbyterian churches , the ceilings of which were very low, so the boys had to arch their shots accordingly. One fellow, Wayne 431 __j - In the back is Superintendent W.K. Osgerby, who was also team manager . Standing in back are Hugh Finley, right field ; Olin Morgan, first base; and Irving Young, shortstop. In the second row are Leland Young, substitute player; Bert Tooley, third baseman and pitcher; Brayton , was so good he threw the ball over or under the rafters. Some of the boys who played basketball at this time were: Harold Strobel, Rod Hubbell, Bob Brenner , Wes Edwards , Ford Beckwith , Leo Gregory . This was done back 1915-191.6 Some of the boys who played later in this league were the Wiltse boys, who had a family team , Anson, Vernon, Max, Glenn and Willard . Others were Preston Pelkey , Don Johnson and Dan Fournier. Lorin Bassett was the organizing force behind both Howell Basketball Independents and Howell Baseball Independents. He worked for the Detroit Creamery and they backed his ventures with trophies and awards . These teams played inter -county, intercity , wherever the word got around and someone latched onto it. Some of the great players on the Howell Basketball Independents were : Wes Edwards , Harry Cotter , "Soppy" from Fowlerville , and Ford Beckwith . The hard ball baseball group , managed by Bassett included the following: Preston Pelkey , Gerald Jones , Casey Jones , Kenny Bucknell , Chink Cotter , Frank Thompson. An earlier hardbell team consisted of: Loren Basset , catcher ; Dick Griffin, pitcher ; Ford Beckwith and Bill Cooper. Others? After finishing the scheduled season 's games , these teams would play at the fairs , especially good teams brought from Detroit, etc. At these times , the Howell Independents would bring in "ringers " good pitchers , etc . from Detroit. Everybod y, but everybody , just had to see those games at the fairs !. 432 Roy Newcomb, pitcher and captain ; and Charles Jewett, left field. The front row includes Ernest Brown, third base; Ray Newcomb, catcher; and Lynn Lewis , center field . In front is Clark Wimbels, the mascot . Fast pitch softball was played a lot, too. This type game carried over into the Bennett era 1926-196a7n d was kept alive by E . Paul Bennett. A story is told about Chink Cotter , as pitcher (Bucknell catching ), that he was cautioned not to throw his fast ball to "Spade ," a player on the Consumers Power team. Chink still had to "try it " and Spade hit him out of the park. From then on Chink threw Spade his curve ball and struck him out every time . I understand Paul was umpiring that particular game . Paul Bennett was a very hard worker ; dedicated to his job and the townspeople knew this, so whenever he needed help on some project , he seemed always to know the right person to ask for help. I doubt if he ever was turned down. He always tried to do ever ything economically , like driving all over the county to find second hand wire and then make the baseball backstop at Page Field . I believe in all his years in recreation he never bought a backstop for Page field . When Howell High could afford lights on Page Field, Paul would rearrange some of them so his softball field could be lighted . Paul never gave up on anything . After shopping in Lansing , one evening , I arrived home about 11 :30 and Paul wasn 't home, so because I had the car , he'd be walking . I started after him. When I got near Page Field , here it was , still lighted and the second pair of teams were still playing off a tie, 13th inning . For years , Paul did all the physical work getting diamonds in shape for game s, brushing water off low spots so to be sure to get the game played. Every makeup game was also played . I know because while he was finishing off his leagues in August, I was holding my breath , waiting to get away on a short vacation . Then it was usually damp and cold! Paul , also did most of his own umpiring , had to take one summer off because he said he couldn't face another pitcher-he 'd had it! The land where Citizens' Mutual now is was called the Briggs ' property , handed down to an Alexander Montague ; sold to Jack Withey, who in turn , sold it to the city . It almost was a gift to the city for the recreation of children , but something happened to keep this from happening . The Rotarians , primarily , later to be helped by Lions put playground equipment in place . Paul retired from school teaching and coaching in 1957 to become full time Recreation Director . An Open House, spring of 1957, was held for Paul at our home at 141 Riddle as a transition from school to city and many people stopped in to pay their respect to him . Up until now, Paul had supervised Recreation for Howell just during the summers , starting to organize the various softball leagues in May . This, he did for Harold Fulk the summer of 1957j ust before he became head football coach at Howell. The 1922-23 Basketball team who went to the first State Championship tourney and came out second to Niles for the State Junior Baseball was started in 1956. With an ideal, Paul Bennett and the Howell Area Recreation Commission created one four team league of approximately 60 boys. They were equipped with colored T-shirts and caps and played one night a week. This limited program led to the forming in 1957o f the Howell Area Junior Baseball Association. Its objectives were to implant in boys of the Howell area the ideals of good sportsmanship , honesty , loyalty , courage and reverence so that they might be finer, stronger and happier young men . These objectives were to be achieved by providing superivsed, competitive , baseball games , where the stress of winning the game was secondary to the instilling of good principles. Paul Bennett was the association's first commissioner and Bill Scofield its President for the first two years . One of the biggest cooperative civic events ever staged in Howell, at the time, occurred Sunday , December 1, 1957. On that day some 25 men with trucks, bulldozer , dragline and scraper started the new junior baseball field where it now stands. Under the direction of Ralph Nauss over 300 loads of fill dirt were deposited on the new diamond , thanks to Wayne Fosket , L.E . Chapman, Arnold Erb , D & J Gravel Co., Harmon Block Co., and the City of Howell. Stanley Kroll Championship . Some of the men in the picture are Ford Beckwith, Cotter , Hubble, and Townley . 433 __ _J I believe this is one of the most remarkable sports action pictures that I have ever seen. The Howell High School team about 1912, some with helmets, some without, have the ball near the goal line . The ball has been snapped to the quarterback and a halfback has run behind him with his hands on the quarterback's hips . The other halfback and donated the fill dirt. To run the equipment over 240 gallons of gasoline were donated by many of the local gasoline dealers. It was estimated that over $15,000.00 of labor and equipment were donated on this one Sunday at a cost of coffee and donuts . The first game was played on the new field on June 30, 1958. Two leagues of 150 boys in a major league with boys 13 thru 15 and the minor league with boys 10 thru 12 started the season. The initial budget of approximately $5,500.00 included complete uniforms and equipment. After this initial investment , which was made possible by the service clubs , individuals , business and industrial contributions and money making projects , the budget approximated $2,000.00 per year. To recognize the vast amount of time , effort and inspiration given by Paul Bennett to this program the new field was dedicated as Paul Bennett Field . The program continued to grow thru the years . By the early 1970s the field needed complete rebuilding and new fields were needed to accommodate more boys. Jess Mack came forward and through his efforts the field was rebuilt into a first class ball park. New fields were built and the program received a needed shot in the arm . You pick it! Bob McMacken (right) comes to the tape with an Owosso boy who was one of the best in the State . 434 the fullback do the same thing and they're all about to ram that quarterback right through the line. You hear stories about things like this, but here you actually see it happen in one of the very earliest football action pictures. Today in 1975, 750 boys from seven through seventeen are playing baseball in seven leagues of forty-eight teams. An annual budget of approximately $10,000.00 covers the cost. One day during a Jun . Baseball game at Bennett Field , E . Paul said to Jesse Mack , "I hate to think what might happen to all this after I'm gone." Jesse admired Paul and to himself , said "If I ever get a chance, I'll do something for Jun. Baseball. " He was to have that chance . After Paul retired , Jack Vince handled Jun . Baseball the first summer, then John White and then Bob McCulough. Then Jesse took over, went into Detroit to inquire about caring for a baseball field and then put this knowledge to work here in Howell. Bennett Field became beautiful! Looked like it had been manicured , blade by blade! He, also , organized well, too. He started T-ball for the little boys. The Jun . Baseball group named the fourteen-year-old boys' league the Jess Mack League, to honor Jesse and are going to put a trophy , representing him , in the Rec. Center along with the Paul Bennett and Pete Brayton trophies. The oldest boys' league is called the Paul Bennett League . The story of the Recreation Center can best be told by reprinting the pamphlet which was made up and given out at the dedication and opening of it on Dec. 12, 1965. Many townspeople were ready to help this project take place several years before, but Paul said , "No , let's get the new high school first. Dec. 12, being near Christmas , gave me a reason and excuse to use Christmas type decorations in the building. Copying and enlarging the picture of Joseph and Mary , kneeling at the side of a creche , holding the Christ child, plus a lamb or two and some angels and star . I did this in white silhouette pictures of white cardboard and put this picture on the right hand half of the large window between the hall and center room. On the left hand side we stood a lovely Christmas tree trimmed in blue-green balls and white paper cardinals . We also put Christmas trimmings on the window sills in most of the other rooms. I believe about 250 persons came to view the new building. Because the townspeople had given so liberally of themselves to the Rec Center, and though his budget was very small , he tried not ever to charge for the use of the center if it was for a civic or educational purpose . A memorial committee got together at the time of Paul 's death in '69, headed by Jim Campbell, Bill Scofield, Jack Paul Bennett's last team as a football coach 1933. It was our last championship team for many years . This last game they beat Charlotte 60-0. Dick Hagni goes up for a jump ball in the "shoe box" gym of the old school in 1947. 435 Vince, Bert Hensick and Fred Jappinga, thought that the first thing which should be done was to rename the Rec Center to Paul Bennett Howell Area recreation Center. This was done at a Re-dedication ceremony on a designated Paul Bennett Day, May 24, 1970. On April 20, the City Council had a Resolution Plaque drawn up, stating that the re-naming should take place and Dick Slayton, mayor , presented the plaque to Paul R. and me . The Young at Heart Club (Senior Citizens) which I, with help of Betty Cook, started back in '57, is explained under the title of organizations . Bill Scofield made a very nice speech as he presented a plaque in copper, with Paul's picture and a bit of Paul's philosophy on it. It was to be hung in the Center . Our son, Paul R. accepted , for us, and did so beautifully , on such short notice. (I wasn 't as yet , too sure of myself) . We also received a photographed copy of the copper plaque . Paul 's philosophy read as follows: He believed that individual character is developed through athletics and recreation ; that the success of any sports progr am is dependent upon dedicated leadership and that adult participation in recreation benefits the individual and entir e community . I can 't remember too much about the first few directors of recreation before Paul 's ten-year span , but since then , there has been Mr. John White, Gordon Sweet, a former Howell Charlie Gehringer of Fowlerville who played second base for the Detroit Tigers and was elected to the baseball Hall of Fame . 436 man who should have done well, but didn't and now, since April of '73, we have Kenneth Richardson , who is doing a reall y good job . His manner with young folks is fine, he keeps both center and grounds up well. Now, if I can just get him to put on Jun . Hi dances , I'll give him a very good grade. Recraetion goes on! / I Bert Tooley, Brooklyn Dodgers . 1911-12 and Roy and Ray Newcomb, pro players from Howell . The Pros By NORM PETTIBONE The 1904 Howell High School baseball team coasted to 10 victories in 11 regular season games and then issued a challenge through a Detroit paper to any high school team in the state that wanted to compete for the championship of Michigan . Port Huron was the only school which responded and Howell defeated them by the score of 14·1, thus, the Highlanders became undisputed state champions . Three players of the 1904 team pursued baseball professionally , Bert Tooley of the Brooklyn Dodgers , Roy Newcomb of the Copper Country League and Ray Newcomb of the Southern Michigan League . Tooley toiled at shortstop for the Dodgers in 1911 and 1912. The only other Howellite who ever made it to the major leagues was Hank Perry who roamed the outfield for the Detroit Tigers in 1912, ironically , Perry never played high school baseball . Of the three players who turned professional , Bert Tooley is the only one still living. Now in his 90th year . Three of Tooley's Dodger teammates later became member s of the Hall of Fame . They were " Hap" Rucker , " Zuck" Wheat, and " Casey" Stengel. Tooley, Newcomb, and Newcomb brought fame to Howell and will always be remembered . l Members of the National Guard are grouped together in the basement of the old Armory on E . Grand River near the theater . Taken in 1947. The Howell Armory By HOWARD N. NICHOLS Through the efforts of many local citizen and veteran organizations , the City of Howell and Livingston County were fortunate to secure a National Guard Unit. The Unit was activated 9 December 1946 as Cannon Company , 125th Infantry Regiment , with a strength of three officers and twenty one enlisted men . The Company Commander was Captain Glen Bound. St. Joseph's Parish Hall at 311 East Grand River was rented for use as an armory . Due to business reasons , Captain Bound left Howell and command of the Company was assumed by Captain Glenn Slucter on 15 February 1947. A reorganization of The Active Army and Reserve Components on 1 November 1948r esulted in the local Unit being converted to Heavy Mortar Company, 125th Infantry Regiment. On 2 December 1950, Captain Howard W. Nichols took command of the Company. Another reorganization of the Army resulted in the Unit being re-designated as Company B, 107th Signal Battalion on 15 March 1959. Due to the inadequate facilities of the rented armory , a drive was started to secure land for a new armory . Through popular contributions , a six-acre tract was secured on Isbell Street near the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad tracks at a cost of $3,000.00. The cost of ational Guard Armories is shared by Federal , State and local governments . To coordinate securing the necessary funds from all government agencies , a citizen 's committee was formed in 1956 with Mr . Edward Fritch as Chairman. Final contributions were $245,000.00 from Federal sources, $107,000.00 from State funds , $68,000.00 from Livingston County, and $10,000.00 from the City of Howell for a total cost of $430,000.00 including furnishings . Ground was broken in April, 1962, and the local Unit moved into the building on 16 December 1962. Formal dedication ceremonies took place on 12 January 1963 and a public open house on 13 January 1963. 437 • ....... owelt - Is Where · we -live ·~ ~· Howell as it looked from the air in 1949. Brae View street is being started as the S.W. subdivision. The four new grade schools, new hospital and shopping center were yet far in the future . These are the beards in the Beard Contest . A part of the Howell Centennial Celebration in 1963. Grand River looking West, 1975. Composition, keylining, art direction , and photographic reproduc - tion prepared by The Livingston County Press , 111 N . Michigan, Howell , Michigan 48843. Typesetting : Dolores Kellogg, Jeannette White, Debbie Wilson. Proofreading: Kathy Stackpoole , Vivian Dunstan , Joan Bergren . Art direction and keylining : Dave Jaehnig . Photographic reproduction : Jim Schaefer. Text is 8½ point News Roman . Captions and other material is 6 point boldface Sans Serif . Headlines are Cheltenham Bold. All typesetting is photographic offset on Compugraphic and Compuwriter typesetting computers . Printing by Edwards Brothers Printing , Ann Arbor , Michigan . 448 • ABEL, Mr. ABEND,J udy ABRAMSD, r. E.T. Floyd H. ACKERMANFr,a nk ACKLEYC, lark ADAMSA, mos Abigail Charles P. Frances Harry James Minnie Pauline Sarah E. William D. AIRHEARTB, obbie Jo Cory Frances Gail Ginger James J. L. Joan John Joseph Robert AKIN, Edward H. Robert J. ALANANE, llen ALBERS, Rev. Jeseph H. ALBERT,J ake Mr. ALBRECHTR, ichard ALBRIGHTO, liver ALCHIN, Virginia ALDRICH,H ugh ALEXANDERD,r . John ALGER, John Margaret Russell A. ALLBRIGHTH, arold Ila Janet Oliver ALLEN, Sarah Daisy Dr. David Eva George B. Janet Mrs. Jesse INDEXo f NAMES Howell Bicentennial History 149 282 275 245 348 324 36,136,148,153 269,3ll,312,373 136,148,153 57,216,399 230,322 98 376 248 220 57 141 220,234 101 101 101 101 101 101 2,101 101 101 101 101 322 to 325 145 202,274 176 277 302 429 53 140 333 387 283 314 75,76 75,76 76,143 76 76 104 296 146,152 199 263 324 1 ALLEN, Mrs. J.C. Mrs. Kenneth Leon E. Nanette Sarah ALLISON, Clara S. Freeman w. ALLMONDPe, rcy ALSTO'IT,M rs. Pat Mrs. Webster ALTHAUSR, ev. J.W. ALTHOFFR, ev. C.G. AMBR02YM, argeret E. AMBURGEJYe,n nie ANDERSONA,l ene Anna Mrs. Clayton David H. Earl Jim Marie Mrs. Ralph Thomas W. B. ANDREANOPOULROeSv., Tim ANDREWS, Ann Henry and Mrs. Henry Mrs. William ANDRUSE, lizabeth ANGELfa mily ANTCLIFF, Lulu ARCHERF, rank William o. ARMITAGEM, arilyn ARMOURM, rs. Robert ARMSTRONEGv, elyn Mrs. Harold Mrs. Homer Mrs. S. M. ARNOLDC, harles Hollis Ron Wilbur ARTHUBeRa , ASHLEY,H enry "Harry" w. James Jr. James Sr. ATKINS, Luella ATWELLV, ictor Aumsr, Joseph AUSTIN, family 324 273 245 325,326 50,ll4,149 52 316 321,325 273 273 302 302 51 278 278 234 270 225,229 260 430 282 281 325,326 331 303 58 268 275 391 84 193 76 348 153 270 266 326 326 270 271 118,430 230 430 52,113 142 382,384 382,383 382 281 288 48 300 374 AUSTIN, Cassius Mrs. C. D. David Emily M. Jonathan Sally T. William M. AVERY, Dr. Earnest E.L. Henry M. AVIS, John AXTELL, George w. 348 271 B,36 154 148,153 36 288 97 193 216,399 200 245 390 BAAD, Dr. James 331 BABCOCKS, .S. 153 BABER, Mr. 295 BADURAC,h arles 121,296,399 BAILER, Ed 429 BAILEY, Dr. 204 Florence 326 Frank 349 Fred 172 Grace 148 Isreal 200 James A. 171,172 Pauline 332,334 BAIN, Thomas 289 BAIRD, Dr. 249 Dr. R.H. 271 Walter 96 BAKER,R ev. Thomas 37,153,300 BAKKEM, rs. 322 BALCH,A ddison 299 BALDWIN, E. N. 229 Mary Jo 281 P. 399 Paul Jr. 230,264,329,330 BAIL, William 87,316 BAU.ARD, Bobby 118 family 118,122 Laverna 118 Melvin 118 BALLOUR, ichard 296 Mrs. Richard 273 BAMBERM, rs. Marcia 399,401 William 316,320 BAMBRIOOER, alph 320 BANKS, Marge 400 BARNARDAd, elaide 89 Eliza Ann 298 Ely, 311,318,374,379,394 BARNES, Albert 390 George 148,184,316,390 Mrs. George H.H. L. 391,394,399 271 324,325 153 2 BARNES,T .B. BARNEYJ, . BARNUM, P.T. BARON,T homas E. BARR, William BARRETTE', arl BARRONM, rs. Frances Mary R.E. Richard Susie BARTCHEH, arry BARTEL, Edwin Linda Marjorie BARTOND, avid Inez Michael Dr. Thomas Thomas Jr. BARTSHEH, arry BASFORI DM r. BASKIN, Carole BASSETT',B ernadette 225 199 177 195 429 288 323,324 195,295 295,352,395 106,195 117 292 82 85 82 334 334 334 271,280,327,333,334 334 388 93 89 149 Lorin BATCHELERB, enjamin T. family Sarah BATOR,A rthur 432 141,316 320 141 276 Velma 276 BAUER, Helen BEACH,A mbrose Ed Eliza Homer N. Mrs. H. W. Lyman Ora Mabel William E. BEALS, Marvin R. BEATI'IE, Anney Archibald Blanche Ina James Sarah William BEATl'Y, John BECK, Oscar BECKWITHD, . M. Ford Mrs. Ford John BEDEN,S eth BEEBE, Ed Grace Mrs. Terrence 262,286 32 322 94 61,348 271 316 349 269 113,269 288 100 50 48 282 50 50,114,149,273 348 296 324,325,326 276 395,428,432 276 429 153 431 431 265 BEEMAND, avid John Junior Mary E. Thomas BEHRENS,R ichard BELFRY, Hester Jacob Sr. BELL, Dr. Rachel Robert BELLEAUW, ilfred L. BELLINGER,C arol Suzanne S. Wright BELZ, William BENEDICT,A lden S. Julia BENJAMINM, aude Nelsons. Robert E. BENNE'IT, Mrs. Eliza Mrs. Estelle George Justus J. Michael Mildred Molly Morris Paul Paul R. Ruth Wells William BENSON,c aroline Ralph BERGIN, Bernice Charles Claude Dorothy George Helen Irene Joan BERGRENW, endell BERHNESD, eitrick Leonard Richard BERNARDH, orace BERQUISTE, arl J. BERRIER,L loyd BERRY,F red Glenn Mrs. Nellie 260 260,332 332 260 260 316 50 50 123 263 216 47 47 47 47 302 183 173 1'10 200 229 44 399 429 311 201 142,277,431 278 80 142,143,149,151 215,266,276,288 428,432,433,4 ] 4 436 326 34 187,199 122,276 302 48 48 48 48 152 140 48 207 204 201 201 201 142 288 391 200 318,325 195 3 BERTRAMR, ev. o.A. BESSERT, George BEURMANNB, ert Brmmie Charles E. Cline Mrs. Cline Duane Edward Miller Elizabeth family Fidelia Glen H.E. Kern Kinzie K. Miller Mrs. K. Miller Lloyd Martha Mary Max Miller Miller L. Opal Ronald Stella William Henry BEZAN,W illiam BIBBINS, Rev. BIEHN, Maurice J. BIGALKEM, iss BIGELOWE,l sie Mae Emerson N. Joy Mary c. William BIGNALLS, olomon L. BIGNELLA, nn Frank BILLINGTONJ,o di BINELL, Ann H. BINGHAMK, ingsley S. BINKHORSTD,o nna BIRD, Maynard BISHOP, L.S. Vance BITNER, Violet BLACK,G erald BLACKBURNJu,l ia c. Lant BLACKMAHNu, dson B. 302 302 197 227 227,394 227,276 276 248 227 227 318 227 227 316 227 227 227,229 326 292 227 227 227 227 326 227 227 227 33 297 288 149 61 61 142 61 60,61,142 316 229,393 229,393 263 229 311,312,316 152 316 400 283 388 195 BLACKNEYC,o ngressman William BLANCHARDDo, rothy J. 82 187 273 268,278 58 288 288 Wayne A. BLEASDELLF,l oyd I. Kenneth E. BLEVINS, Thomas Sr. BLINKILDEP, aul BLOMQUISTC,i ndy Gerald Sandra BLOODR, ussell BLOOMERR,o bert BLOSS, Basil Christopher A. BOARIMANM, r. BODE, Edward Ed Nicolaus H. Emil E. Elizabeth L. BOEVE, Horner E. BOHN, William BOHNSACKR,e v. Benjamin BOLEK, Mrs. Tony BOND, Lois BONESTEELEJ,e ssie BONNYC, harles BONSTELLEJ,e ssie BCX)S,R osemarie BOCYI'HYC,a rrie H. Henry BOTSFORDB, lanche Elnathan James John Jr. and Sr. Mae BOUNDC, aptain Glen BOURNSD, oris BOUTELLB, ertha Daniel Maurice G. BOUVIER,E dward BOVENM, aynard BOWENC, harles w. Teresa BOWERS,J ames BOWHALLR,o se BOWLESC, hester BOWMANE, .A. BRADLEY, Fanny John BRADMAGNo,r don Mildred BRADY, Blanche Edward M. Edmund Edward M. Haidee Helen 267,378 226 79 79 79 320 429,430 84 84 176 52 53 52,95,428 52 288 249 301 273 328 183 292 183,184 262 60 187 140 34 320 320 140 437 150 79 195 288 302 387 153 225 390 281 286 233,234 260 87 317 327 326 428 55,144 195 55,144 195 195 144 4 BRADYJ, oseph Katherine Matthew BRANIYIE',l len William BRANWEI.JR.,e,v . Henry BRAT!', Sarah Bull BRAVENERM, ajor I. BRAYTONI,r a Kenneth c. Mrs. Peter Parl~ Rita Wayne BRECKERM, ary E. BREMER, 144,154,195 229,230,278,324 144 55,144,430 281 302 296 34 274 202 288 56 434 128 281 431,432 51 408 Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Mr. and Mrs. Rudolph BRENNERR, obert 301 301 432 BRETZ, Angeline BREWER, Almon Darcus Eben Mary Orlando s. Peter BRIAN, Mrs. Claude BRIOOEMANTh, eodore BRIGGS, H.C. Herman G. Joseph BRIGHAMC, harlt=3 "CUke" Clare George Dr. Janette "Sonny" Mrs. William BRIMLEYW, illiam E. BRININSTOOLEM, rs. Sarah . BRINKS, Donald BRITI'EN, Alfred Moore (Britton)Henrt V. John B. John I. Lydia C. Mary Martinus S. Nicholas s. Richard Thomas Crandall Williams. Zachariah BRISTOL, Huram Levi 326 55 298 55 55 55 55,298 326 153 260,296,348 82 301 325,326,429 55 55,144 123,271 429 30 245 33 325 33 33 33,190,197 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 37 180 BROCKWABYe,r t Hines Carrie H. Charles Fred. Edna Elisha Estette Eva Florence Ford Fred w. Ruth BRODRICKJ,o hn BROGAN, family Tyler BROOKS,E dward Joseph Lucinda s. Lulu Nancy Rev. Susan A. William BROPHYJ, ames and John BRCYI"ZIr,e ne BROWNA, . Alice Arlie Betty Brian Ernaline Ermna Eva Harry Henry Hugh Ila J. Joseph B. Mrs. J.S. Louis Lucille Lulu Margaret Mary Melvin Olive R.H. Thomas G. William Winifred BROWNED, r. Dr. A.E,E, BROWN!~, Browning Carolyn Edward 60 60 60 60 311,312 60 90 60 60 288 60,140 30 428 318 292 B,36 34 141 114 34,35,190,193 399,431 91 146 197 195 283 75,76 86 282 86 98 75 86 86 76 81 75,76 320 75,76 200,201 275,276 152 119,269 76 76 249 76 76 348 75,76 75 399 249 331 2£19 53 53 320 5 BROWNING,Edna Elain2 Elizabeth family 53 53 Fred E. and Fred Henry Georgia 320 53 320 H.F. 348 Mrs. H.T. Jeremiah the second John and Joseph McPherson 39 53 53 154 53 52 299 Peter Y. Virginia Mrs. Wealthy A. BRroLER, Bob and Barb BUCHEIT, Frank BUCK, Elizabeth L. H. Dr. BUCKLEYR, ichard E. BUCKMAN,A .L. BUCKNELl.,, Mrs. Burla Clara Fred Kenneth Mrs. Kenneth BUECHNERR, obert BUEK, Matilda BUELL, Mrs. Georye Mrs. Leah Mrs. Thelma BmARD, Jesse BULLEN, Ray BULLOCKE, dith family BURCH,M rs. Dale BURDENE, nos Mrs. Guy Marshall BURDICK, Mary Mr. Mrs. J. Rogers "Dick" BURGESS,G .S. BURKHARTA,r ene Ivah Carile Charles Claude A. Mrs. Claude Claudine Mrs. Florence Frank A. Henry Lelah Marcus Mrs. 302 176 52 318 288 277 273 48 48 395,432 272 325,326 57 273 273 274 98 394 148 193 281 199 272 429 98 117 235 138,142,148 149,151,183 348 83,84 83,84 83 83,84,269 273 84 271,287 83,84 83 117 88 269 BURNHAMM,u riel Noel BURRIIJ.,, William BURROUGHDS,o nna Eugenes BURT, Ella Elijah F. Frank Fred Mollie BURTCH,M abel BURTONG, eorgia Major Marion L. BUSH, Charles P. Eugene Frank D. H. D. H.R. Isaac W. BUSHMANB, ernice BUSHNELLE, dward BUSHREYM, rs . Don BUTLER, Guy BUTI'ERFIELDA,b el F. BUITON, Jack c. BYERLIENC, ornelia CALKINS,H arry CALLAHANM,r s. Frank CALVERTT, homas E. CAMBURNP,h yllis J. CAMERONJa, mes Mrs. Mrs. Milton Tressie CAMPBELBLe, ntley Bruce Elizabeth James E. Lois Sally CAMPEAUM, rs. CANFIELDM, iss William H. CANNAERTD,e nis CANSFIELDW, illiam H. CARBERT,C ollette c. CARLIN, Sara Will CARLSONS, herman CARLTONE, lbert N. Jr. CARMACKW, alter R. CARPENTERE,l i "Ma" CARR,M rs. E.J. 281 292 51 278 278 142 271,399 153,200 174 325 271 282 53 184 236 154,182,374 316 267,292 283 399 348,394 50 199 273 286 296 288 219 275 270 387 281 198 56 263 45 180 429 80 331,429,434 326 268 183 150 391 331 394 51 48 142 249 278 288 3~ 204 273 6 CARSE, Mrs. Fred A. CARTER,M rs. Don Nancy CARTWRIGHTN,o rlan CASE, Donna family Jennie Luella Maryette Mr. Nettie Samuel CATER,A lfred CATRELL,F red George Lucy Valeita CAVANE, lla CAVE, Harriet CAVERLYM, rs. Roy Mrs. William CHADDOCKM,r s. Sarah CHAMBERLAIWN,i lton CHANDLERC, arol CHANTERM, rs. Mary L. CHAPEL, Benjamin Don 277 274 81 325 103 318 103 103 103,104 244 103 103 33 191,229,230,304 275,276 230 281 283 89 235 235,391 273 329 267,268 302 281 34 429 Eunice 30,33,34,190,192 George and Lucy 399 CHAPLIN, Joan 281 CHAPMANH,e len 326 L.E. 266,433 Myrtle 277 CHARLESM, ariah L. 153 CHELSKYD, r. 327 CHENEYM, arily 328 Ronald G. 288 CHENOWETJHa,c kie and Robert 267 CHILDERS, Lulu Vere 154 Nancy 148 CHRISTOPHERSONBe, tty 152 CHUBBE, va Harold Mary M. Miles CLARK, Allen V. Arza Berenence Brian Briggs B.T.O. Burr Jr. carol Charles William A. 151 282 291 78 199 274,283 78 78 78 77 316 78 78 35 CLARK,C hester Donald Dorothe Ethel Esther N. Frances Gertrude Gilbert George L. Hattie Hazel Henry Janet Lawrence Lewis Cass Lydia Lyman Mansell Miss Peter Rebecca Mrs. Sidney Thomas Wallace Walter A. Walter Burr William A. CLARKED,r . Niles CLARSONF, r. George CLAY, Rev. Warren w. CLEMENTR, ev. Arthur CLIFr, Ray CLINTON, Edgar S. COBB, Charles Chloe Ty COCKRANE, CODDINGTONH,a rold Mrs. Harold Mrs. Olive COFFREN,E lijah COLBERTM, rs. James COLE, Albert W. Hilda Vern COLEMANG, eorge Mell COLES, Maurice COLLACCYIET.,A llen COLLINS, H.H. w.c. COMFORTE, mily CONELYI,r ene and Rose CONINE, Bert Milton 191,268,356 78 78 77 268,270 78 77 77 348 117 77 394 78 77 77 77 77 77 299 348 151,281 281,393 260,374,395 77 77 77,319 296 323,324,328 294 292,304 302 391 288 302,331 33 428 45 267 273 273 37,153,180 294 324 400 292 200 276 149,150,272 288 260 229 78 61 320 319,320 ' 7 CONKLINJ, ames and Patrick 201 Mary CONRADG, eorge COOKE, (Cook) Al Anna Betty David 51 201 428 349 30 277,436 30 Eunice 30,33,34,190, .1.92 Mrs. Florence 286 Gilbert R. 278 Gladys 399 Hannah 30 Helena 262 Herb H. 387 Jesse 320 John 30 Jonathan Mrs. J.B. Mrs. Lloyd Lucy Lyman V.D. Methabell Mehitabell Mary Nancy Nathan Sarah Stan Wanda William COOLEYE, lizabeth Elnathan Helen Jesse B. 30,31,33,34,35 190,191,192 301 277 230 260 35 30,33,190,197 30,34,190,192 270 30,33,190,193 30 429 151 30,58 281 197,198 94 COOPER,E lizabeth and Patricia 245 281 301 432 320 201 Mrs. Mina William CORNELLE, velyn Henry A. J.Henry Pauline Thurber CORR,B yran CORSONE, dgar Jay COSARTR, ev. John COSEI.MANSa, rah M. COTI'ER, Chink Dorothy Harry Virginia COUP, John F. and Martha William C. 325,326 140 320,351 201 260 216 298 91 428 432 262 432 262 171 171,172 COURT(i)ER, Claude Mr. l!ltJ,149,154,236 Superintendent COURTURED,. J. 117,150 431 431 COUSELLJ, ohn COWANJ,u dy COWDRYP,e ter 274 313 COYLE,M ae CRAFT, Anna and Mrs. Vera CRAIG, Robert F. 282 273 324 CRAIN, Jerry L. CRAMER,D . CRANDAIL, Ada CRANE, Blanche Tracy Mrs. Tracy Elijah Flavius J.B. Jerry Sherburn CRANSTONM, artin E. CRAWFORBDe,n jamin Joseph CRIPPEN, Gladys CRITTENDEN, Alice Alva Alvin L. Mrs. A.L. A. Riley Fred B. Joel Marietta CROCKET!C', lifford 268 153 274 117 123 275 298 B,36,148,153 311,312 373,394 267 37 288 98 31 195 153 140,146 35,36,148,191 297 45 150,229,232,234 250,391,395,401 183 394 156 Mrs. Clifford Katherine CRONEWETFIr',e d 96 280 96 1·45 48 220,296 296 CROSBYE, leanor and Hale Miss pastor CROWEF, r. John G. John H. Jr. CROWENWETIF',r ed CROWFOOJIo'h, n A. CROWNHARMTa,x L. CULVERC, harles Christopher L. Hugh John William J. CUNNINGHADMr., Thomas G. 263,294 324 260 288 288 204,288 311 204 349 260 316 229 8 CURDYM, ary Alta Mrs. Frances CURTIS, Benjamin C. Caleb Mrs. Charles Daniel Eunice 48 299 33 30,33,35,190,193 393 33 Harriet John Joyce E. and Henry 31,34 33 37 288 102 33,37 Justine Mary Philo and Sophronia 33 Varah 50 DAMONC, harles B. and Ebenezer DANIELS, Francis 199 263 Irene 320 John Margaret and Orlando DANKERSM, rs. Howard DAOOHERTFYr,. James 260 320 273 294 Jim 334 DAVENPORTB,e lmont D. DAVIES, Elizabeth and John DAVIS, Albird M. 288 80 316 Allyson Mrs. D.D.and Joan Margaret E. 269 281 215 Polly S. Richard Robert Sardis Wilbur DAVISON,E ric DAWLEYV, ine C. DAY, A.L. Fr. John R. Roy R. DAYFOOIR',e v. Rosina L. DAYTONV, irginia DEAN, Charles D. Ethel Fred and Trumen DEANERW, illiam DEARBORNAs, a Mary Ann Nancy DEATONH, elen DEERINGD, on DeFEYTERG, eneva DeFORESTG, rant DELANEYO, llie 191 269 143 37,148,153,191 143,151 275 33 283 195,263,292,294 200 77 153 195 288 233 394 429 34,35 35,192 34,35,190,193 82 323,324 150 325 80 DEMONDD, onald A.R. 288 DEMPSEYE, llen 431 M.J. 260 DENNIS, Ruby 4 DEPEW, "Gunner" 2'15 DEPPEN, John 260 DERATANYE,d ward 304 DERBY, Robert 288 DETI'ERBECKD, r. Frank 334 DElJI'CH,W illiam 143 DEVELL,D oug and Gladys 282 DEVEREAUXA,n na and A.Genevieve 51 boys 195 Catherine and Collette 51 Claude 49 Cornelius J. Ella Frank Gertrude 51,245 48 51 49 Henry C.and John James o. and James 51 P 51 48,140 49,51,152 48,49,51 Patrick 51 Lena B. Margaret Mary Michael and Philip and Robert Rosemary Stephen Thomas Veronica Wilford Patricia 51 DeVRIES, DEYO, Jo Mrs. William Robert A. Samuel 51 49 48,49 48,49,51 49,195 49 264 328 329 58 DIBBLE, Abigail and Asabel Mrs. Harold 58,229 298 273 Vern 151 DICKERSOND, avid James w. Judith Naomi DICKINS, Mark and Robert DICKSON, "Bill" Stanley DIETRICK, Rev. and Mrs. DIGGS, Wm. Franklin DILDINE, Wesley B. DILLINGHAMA, nna FRederick H. DIU.ON, John R. DILLOWAYJ., W. DINKEL, Stanley DISBRO, Charles DISSE, Mrs. Henry 34 200 281 34,52 91 245 176,230 Charles 303 288 288 80 288 288 302 324 288 326 9 DIXON, John DOOOEM, rs. Dorothy DOENGESH, ula DOHERRR, obert C. DONAHUE,J,o hn M. Mrs. DONALDR, ev. Clyde DONENP, atricia DONNELLYG,i les Mr. DOOLEYC, ollette F. DOOLITI'LEW, alter L. DORBRANDFTr,a nk DORN,J ohn J. DORRT,L ewis DORSEYM, rs. Delores DOUGHERTFYr,. J.G. DOWLINGM, att DOWNSP, at DOYLEM, iss DRAKEJ, ohn DRAYTONJo, yce DREWA, rthur Ina Townsend Z.M. DREWRYA, lbert 153 299 282 288 288 177 269 176 187 117 51 387 388 187 201 and Mrs. Frank 273 195 183 103 146 311 278 394 54 198 54 Gertrude and Mary A. 91 91 DRYER,P eter DUCHANEE,r win DUDLEYG, eorge P. DUFFY, Dr. Ray DUGGANT,e d DUKES,F ay John DUNCAND, ale and Ruth Joyce DUNHAMM, rs. Lawrence DUNLAPc, arolyn DUNN,E ffie George James Joseph Judy Mary Nancy Rick William DUNSMORIEs,a belle DUNSTANC, harles E. DURFEE, A.S. Ben Frank Justin Van Renselaer DUSENBURYH,e nry 226 334 216 271 275 263 430 267 278 282 53 118 123,429 123 320 326 146 295 430 195 282 201 394 320 286 148,153 94 32 DUTCHERC, laude Guy and Geraldine Roy and William DUTI'OND, orothy and Helen DYCE, Hellen EAGER,A da L. Aileen and Alice Arthur R. Barbara and Brennen Berneta and Carol Charles Debora Dorothy Emily Comfort Emily Fidelia Ford c. Francis Grace Howard and Harriet Jacob Paul Jacob Moore Jacob w. Mrs. Jal<:e James James Lewis Jeffery and Julie Kathleen Loa Lorna Lyman E. Juanita Mable and Marlene Maria Mary Michael Naomi Nellie Orla Pamala Pauline and Perry Rebecca Robert Robin Roscoe and Russel Samuel ans SUsan SUzette Thomas William 91 91 91 250 47 48 79 47 79 47,48 47,226 47,226,278 47 79 47,226 47,48,78 47 47 47 47,48,78 202,320 401 117,78,226 79 48 47,226 79 47 48 79 47 79 47,48,226 47 48 146 47 47 79 47,226 79,320 47 79 78 48 47 EARL, 47,48,78 Clarence and Elizabeth 80 John and Lydia and Margaret Oliver 80 80 Rosemary W.D. William Mrs. Zoe 150 331 80 273,299 10 EARLE, Marian EASTIN, Harry and Phyllis EASTMANB, arbara Juanita Marion EASTONB, ert EATON,C arol L.E. Louis Dr. Louis c. Patrick EBERT, Deloras EDDIE, E.S. EDDY, Lawrence o. Mrs. EOOARJ, ames EDWARDS, Wes EKEL, Carl ELKINS, Richard ELLICYITF, rank Jr. George Mrs. Harry James P. Dr. Robert ELLIS, Franl<:lin John Joseph H. ELLSWORTHC,. C. Elmer Roy ENGELHARIYRIu'.s sell EPLEY, Don ERB, Arnold ERWIN, Dr. W.H. EULER, Mrs. Ella Fred John Lawrence Mary Isabelle Ralph S. EUPER, Hulda EVANSR, eginald FAIRCHILD,A lbert N. Ezra N. FAKE, Mr. & Mrs. Harry FALK, Charles family FARABEED, avid FARMERE, dward Kathleen FARNSWORTWHil,l iam w.s. FARRANDR, ev. Michael 271 263,264 149 244 96 292 264 399 325 400 430 225 82 288 299 316 428 432 297 148 288 151 270 43 333 316 51 311,316 374 394 199 223,324,399 325 266,433 86,116 324 52,394 52 52,198 198 52 154 326 260 200 199 277 318 318 264 316 195 299 399 304 FARRAR,A ndrea and Clayton 47 Mark and William 47 FARRIS, Edward and Lawrence 48 Pamala and Sandra 48 FASSETT, Rev. Noah 298 FAUCHERF, rances 282 FAULDENOUMR,r s. Robert 195 FAULKENBUREYl,m a G. 59 Michael Boyden 60 FAUNCE,M rs. Clarence 274 FAUSSE'T, Betsey G. and Elizabeth 81 Edward and Goldie 82 FAWCETT, George Henrietta Henry James Mary Nancy Sally Thomas Walker William Bruce 81,82 82,96 81,198 81,82,198 Bl 81,82 197 82 81,82,198,287 82,96 81 Edwin and Elizabeth Evelyn 81,85,198 80 Bl Fanny and George 80 Henry Robert Rose Shirley and William FAY, E.A. Lyman FEDEWAF, r. Hennan FELLOWS, Doris FENTONM, rs. C.C. Ferne FERGESONL, ydia FERGUSONH, azel FETTERLYE, unice FETTIG, Shirley FIDLER, Dr. Fred Dr. William s. FIELD, Ann Arthur Frances Orrin J. FIELDS, Ann and Joseph Mrs. Donald J. FILKINS, Mrs. Edith Herbert and Mabel FIUMORE, Abigail and Millard FINC!I-1D, r. Edward FINLEY, Sarah A. FISHBECKA, lma 80,81,85 80 85 Bl 237 395 294 270 326 326 80 78 146 43 333 331 146 260 36 37 137 281 103 277 99 77 333 4.2 141 brothers 45 Charles 46,173,316' 11 FISHBECK, Elsie family Freeman Isabella Jacob Jemina and John Leonard Levi Mae Nicholas and Philip Richard 46,47 193 46,216 46 46,47 46 260,347 46 282 46 37,46,191 260 46 316 Stephan FISHER, William George L. Mrs. Geradine John Mrs. John Joseph FITCH, Mrs. E.A. Payne William P. FLEMING, FLETCHERD, onald Judge William A. FLYNN, Francis FOEY, grandpa FOGLE, Glenn W. FOLEY, J.S. Rev. Johns. FONTAINE,A thanas FOO, Dr. FORSYTHB, etty FOSKET, Wayne FOSTER, Emma Horatio Joseph FOULKS, Clifford FOURNIER,D onald Dan Nicky FOUST, Ardus FRANCIS, carrie and FRANK, Richard FRANKLING, race K.S. FRANSWORTMHis, s FRASER, Alexander Margaret FRAZER, Golda M. Robert E. FREDENBURGM, ary J. FREDERICKSM, rs. FRENCHM, rs. Ethel FRIID1AN, Mrs. Alfred 298,399,401 398 288 398 326 34 199 199 328 153 312 144 249 117 263 429 195 201,202 97 322 206 266,/433 182 42 229 267 302 432 270 85 272 302 431 202 153 37,191 398 294 314 281 282 279 326 FRISBEE, A.T. Dora w. FRISBY, Ezra FRITCH, Edward FROSTIE, Fred FRUSH, Charles E. FRY, Mr. Mrs. H.G. FRYER, Clayton FRYKMAN, Betty Doris Otto FUCHS, Rev. J.M. FULK, Harold FULLERTONM, r. GAFFNEYF, rancis GALKA,H arold 316 222 35 269,324,437 430 288 322 399 264 52 191 52 297 143,429,433 144 Jill and Joanne Linda and Lori GALLAGHERR,e v. Michael GALLET, Grace H. GALLIGER,H erbert GALLOWAY, 288 47 47 47 202 51 248 37 128 142 57,192,216 Cline E.D. John Mr. Pearl GALPIN, Florence GANNONA, lice GARCIA, Raleigh GARDNERM, rs. Frank Lyon GARLAND,Alfred Arthur Ed Mrs. Edward Eppie Ford Margaret Mr. Thelma GARLOCKL, ester GARMERN, ancy GARNER,H elen GARTRELL, H. and Mabel GARVEYM, rs. Elizabeth Michael GASTON,E lijah Marvin GATES, Flora Hezakiah GATESMAMN,r s. Calvin Lillie Ruth Ann 56,59 334 184 326 229 303 31 402,428 34,184,216,219 399,402 235,402 274 274 402 150 204 326 60 34 281 61 117 304,399 304 137 37 48 37 271,273, 399 273,326 280 12 GAUSS, Neva and William GAY, Edward F. Mylo L. Mrs. Mylo GEHRINGER, GENTLES, Jean Richard Mrs. Richard Dr. Edward GENTRYH, oward Joan and Robert Patsy 105 37,374,375,398 216 399 429 264 430 264 331 216 145 GEORGEM, r. and Mrs. Martin GERKIN, Mr. and Mrs. Henry GESKE, Walter A. 281 277 301 324,325 186 80 273 263 264 263,264 GIBNEY, Abbott M. GIBSON, Elizabeth Mrs. Katherine GIDDAY, Delores William GIES, Lloyd and Robert GILBERT, Grace John Joseph M. 152 146 117,187,216,231 GILKES, Nehemiah and William GILL, Donald 99 199 151 322,391 401 399 GILLETTE, Herbert H. Mrs. Herbert Mrs. H.R. GILLULY, John GIIMORE, Dr. Charles W. Clare L. Jessie and Lula GINSBURGH, arry GIRARD,J ohn GLASPIE, Douglas Wiltsey GLASS, Thomas GLEASONJ, ames GLENN, Mrs. Bernard Mrs. Edgar Dr. Jay T. Nellie L. 185,186,205,206 154 288 117 229,275 151 316 198 331 197,202 137,305,398,401 263 270 245 267,268,305 Sandy and Mrs. William 276 GLOVER,D ora Irwin Mrs. Dr. Wellington William P. GOETSCH, Werner GOEWEYR, achel GOLDSMITAHl,i ce Thomas GONIEA,B etty Doris GOODCHILDA, rdus and Ellen Linda and Marion 326 325,326 145 37,91 153,394 399 87 75 201 270 281 85 85 GOODNOWCh, arles A. Mrs. C. Don w. Grace and GOODRICH, Hiram GORDENF, red GORDONT, homas Jr. Mrs. Thomas GORE, Fr. James GORTONw, aiter 61,227,349 399 Elizabeth 61 61 120 320 219 216,232,234,399 393 294 94 GOUGHC, harles and Maude 269 182 229 295 John B. GOUGHNOURR.,L ee GOY, Loveen GRAETZ,R ev. R.J. GRAHAMM, ary A. Mr. Robert GRAINGERM, rs. Herbert GRANGERE, velyn GRANOWSKKI,a rol GRAVES,H .H. GRAY, Alice Rev. Allen G. GREELY,B url "Bud" GREEN, Adolphus M. Edith Hugh Mr. Rueben Severn T. GREENAWAEYd, 1vard George GREENERM, argaret GREENWAYG,e orge GREGORH, elen GREGORY, Alex Rev. Edward E. Edward P. Mrs. E.P. Mrs. George Leo GRELLING,A lice GRIESOVERM, rs. GRIFFETH, Elizabeth Harry 301,302 90 146 286 273 81 329 320 391 297,399 391 199 269 296 347 199 97 348 37 76 296 282 428 246,248,250 37 199,216,348 39 4 249,432 92 282 272,273 228 Pauline and William GRIFFIN, Mr. 57 117 432 286 280 331 347 399 Richard GRIFFITH, Elizabeth Harry Mrs. Mary William F. GRIFFITHS, Lawrence GRIGG, Minnie GRINDLE, John GROFF, Walter GROSS, Hildred Rev. Ronald J. GROSTIC, Andrea Joseph GROSTICK,M r. and Mrs. Josephine Martha GROTE, Elaine GROVE,D ebbie Vivian GRUBB,M ary J. GUERNSEYM, arlene GUETSCHOWM,r s. Howard GURDENA, lger GUY, William GUZMANE, dward HAACK,I la HAARERA, nn HAAS, Lynn Joseph V. HABERL,L loyd HACKENBERTGh, eodore HACKERB, en George Helen Mrs. Lyle HACKETTU, .S. HADDENE, lectus HADLEYE, rsyl HAFFEY, Helen HAGMANE,l la John A. Marvin "Mike" HAGNI, Richard HAIGHT, Dr. Cameron Rueben HAINES, Horace Ruth HALBERTH, orace HALL, Alfred Alice Don Ethel Grace Herbert Ralph J. Richard B. HALLER, Eldon Mary and Maude Sherman HALLEYR, ev. Ora 13 220 303 428 146 302 282 292,388 John 301 326,329 59 278 272 270 326 281 304 249 332 35 282 230 326 245 319 288 320 249 191,326 281 42 216 114,145,395 329 174,176,277 177,296 3,4,7,35,127 177,230,392,400 429 333 33 98 150 216,348 296 281 388 262 269 387 388 37 429 282 292,317 303 HAMBURGEFRra, nk HAMIL,M iss 283 141 HAMILTOND,o rothy and Thelma Mrs. Mattie H. 234,299 299 278 281 HAMMELBLe, ssie Mabel Mary HAMMILLP,a trick HAMMONADm, ariah HANCHEMA', bial HANCOCKR,e v. Alan HAND,C ecilia Jerome w. HANDYE, arl and Ralph HANNAJ,o hn HANSOND, orothy Glenn Karen HARDYE, phriam Frank Harold W. Jack Rebecca Roy Royal Spencer HARE, James M. HARGERA, ndrew c. David P. James HARMONA, marilla Gerald Henry HARRINGTON, George Homer Mary HARRIS, Joseph Mrs. Mae Martha Rick HARRISONG, us Milton HART, Clarissa Pauline William HARTEAUE, leanor HARTMAcNat,h erine Hartwell, Cleon HASBROUCKG,e orge Ruth HASENBUSCH,a rry HASFORDJ,o hn L. HASKINS, Glen P. HASTINGSW, alter HATH, "Bob" HAUER, R.F. 142,282 347 30 33 303 104 199 195 176 101 101,275 233 301,320 269 245 430 301 260 269 388 324 199 216 200 95 229 123,153,182 37 347 288 90 176,287,289,392 326 191 430 335 288 54 140 267 98 272 292 429 268 302 288 288 154 264 329 14 HAVENSH, arry J. Merrit s. HAWKINSR, alph HAYES, James HAYS, Rose HAYWORTDHo, n HAZARDC, hester E.E. S.H. 216 36 334 263,269 ") l William 3~ :J HEDBERGM, rs. Axel 213 HEDRICK,C lay 118 HEEG, Charles S. 106 Mrs. George 275 Gladys 286 Herman H. 267,428 HEIGHT, Ina 326 HEINIG, Kristin :)o HEINO, Mr. 2~0 HEITMANB, etty 331 HELBLINGR, ev. and Mrs. Doyle 303 HELLER, Clifton W. 3,7,216,219,229,230 269,273,324,325,379 Earl Davis Margaret and Nancy Sharon L. HEI110RE,J oseph HENDERSONC,h arlotte Ollie HENDRENb,r others Mrs. J.J. HENDRICKSONJo,h n HENDRIND, r. J.J. HENEKS,M rs. Ell wood HENRY,P lin Shirley HENSICK, Bert HERBERTH, azel HERBONR, ev. Robert L. HERBST, family Henry Mrs. Henry Phoebe HESS, Lois HESSE, Julius HETCHLEBRe, rneta Clyde HEWE'TTL,e wis HEWLETDT,o nald HIBNER, HICKEY, Louis Rebecca Mrs. Henry Nancy Frank G. Mrs. F.G. M.J. 215 215 215 152 399 277 271 326 245 324 274 90 216 436 172 302 318 120,301 301 276 274 204 79 320 37,390 268 237 151,267,268 272 274 37,61 348,349 271 192 HICKEY, Mrs. Nellie HICKS, Earle Eugene Launa Mrs. Thomas William HIGBY, Thomas HIGGENS, Abigail Milton E. HIGHT, Bird Mrs. Bird David Deborah Hannah and Mrs. Ina John Methabell Mrs. Nathan 349 399 245 316 33 191 429 191 325,329 32,34 278 195,235,39/J,395 401 30,33,35,190,197 33 Harriet 33 273,398,399,400 33 33,190,197 235 33,35 Sally and William HILDEBRANTM, rs. Maybelle Ross 33 273 394 Mrs. Solomon 275 HILL, Andrew L. 37,374 229,324 85 124 271,280,323,324,329 Charles N. Ellen Gertrude Dr. Harold Jennifer Mark Mrs. Peg V.E. HILLS, Charles w. HILTON, William HIMMANV, olney HIMMELSPACHJo, seph HINES, Estette HINSMAN,D erastus HIRVELA, Pat HOAG, Charles HOAGLANDC, hristopher HOCH, Mrs. K. HOOOES, Gil HOFF, Bert Mrs. Eunice HOFFMANM, ary Mildred Dr. Stanley Mrs. Stanley HOOAN,P atricia HOISEL, "Mame" HOISI~N, Gale HOLCOMBM, ary HOLCOLMS, eymour HOLDEN,D orothy 299 98 326 233 325 429 94 272 60 394 302 288 and Fidelia 227 399 329 217,286,322 277 329 140 327,329 273 281 273 269 85 150 319 15 HOLDEN,F rank 348 HOLDORTHE, lizabeth 326 HOLFORTHM, rs. A.E. 326 HOLKINS, Ruth 280 HOLLING, Maria 89 HOLLOWAYJo, hn 303 HOLLUMSD, on 267 HOLMESA, rlene 320 Ralph A. 288 Willabelle 149 HOLSTED,D olly 266 HOLT, Fern 277 Goldie 114,233 Ray 388 HOOKERA, manda 82 Bessie and Blanche 82 Charles and Clare 82 Ernestine and Helen 82 Lewis Cass 82 Melatha and Nellie 82 HOOVERB, urr 245 Margaret 150 HOPKINS, Loisann 328 Robert 430 HOPPER, Hiram 260 HOPPONERC, heryl and Lucinda 60 Elma 59 HORN, George 316 HORNER,G race 276 HORNUNGC, larence 350,376 George 227,297,350 Mrs. George 350 Myrtle 399 HORTONJ,o hn G. 301 Joyce 281 HOSKINS,D r. Thomas 319 HOSLEY, Betsey and caroline 95 Clarence 96,97,123 Emmaa nd Esther and Helen 95 Eliza and Holland c. 94 Henrietta and Ellen 82,96 Jennie~ . 95,97,277 Joseph 94 Katherine and Lois 96 Margaret and Marion 96 May and Miner 95 Martha 94 Nancy M. Robert Kendall and Roger Sterling E. Virginia K. Wilfred William K. Sr & Jr. HOOOHTALINGE,d ward Enma Garret 95,97 Sarah 94 96,97,270 95,96,97 97 94,97 94,95 56 191 35 _I HOUGHTALINGGra,c e HOUSTONJ.,S . P. Fred HOVEI YL .W. HOWARDC,h aristine Etta M. Janet and Sue Vern HOWE,E lnora B. 85 153 302 283 48 47,48 48 48 299 Mr. and Mrs. Eugene 275 394 116 George Mr. Robert L. Mrs. Ruby E. Mr and Mrs. w.c. HOWEI.J.E,,d ward Effie Thomas HOWEYA, wilda HOWLETI'F, red Louis E. Mrs. HOYLANDO, .A. HOYT, George HUBBARDH, enry HUBBEL,M artha HUBBEIL, HUBBLE, Mildred Bernadette Floyd Fred Gerald Rena Rodney Sardis F. HUCK, Leonard HUDSONH, enry John HUFF, Bert Mrs. Kenneth HUGG, Phyllis HOOHES,D orothy Ernest Gerald Harvey John J. Jr. HULL, Clarence A. M.P. HUMPHRIESJ,a mes HUNT, Sarah HUNTER,E rnestine Howard HUNTINGTOFNa, nnie Harry 288 299 275 288 140 36 152 332 216,250,399,401 271 214 296 90 268 391 149 243 57,174 245 270 245,248,432 216,272 428 199 269,270 311 216 281 281 47,226 322 395 388 225 245 275 288 33 82 302 144 44,216 Dr. Harry Mrs. Dr. Sr. 27i 174 Samuel 81 16 HUNTINGTONT,h erina C. HUNTLEYM, r. Dr. William William c. Mrs. w.c. Dr. W.B. Theodore William E. 141 37,44,235,271 44,216,271 399 347 331 348 347 263 298 HUPERT, Christopher HORR, Rev. William HtITCHINS,A ndrew and Cordelia 49 49 50 Gardener Georgia s. Govenor o. Maud Ruahrnan Steven HlITSON, Flora and Larry Vola HUITON, Mrs. Thelma HYA'IT, Adeline HYDE, Mary C. IDZIKOWSKIM, rs. Richard ILLINIK, Barbara INCHES, Dr. INGAILS, Richard W. INGRAMP, amela and Tammy Thomas IREY, Louisa IRWIN, Wilfred ISBEIL, Nelson G. Wilson G. W.N. ISHAM, Harry w. ITSELL, Andrew J. Alice Barbara c. 49,50 49 50,140 50 282 174,282 299 281 44 263 399 245 296 47 47 277,282 286 37 199 289 288 42 43 43,265 Buelah and Charles Charles E. Charles w. Christopher David Q. Christina 42 42,43,141,262,304 42,195,295 Dennis and Debra family Finley J. Frances Gary and Gloria Henry J. James and John Judith Kate 43,44,229,230 44 43 44 318 43 42 44 Keith M. and Lucille Lillian C. 42,43 43 43 195,295 43 42,43 Manley J. 42 Mark 43 ITSELL, Mary Matthew R. May N. Michael J. Paul and Mildred 42,43 43 42 43 42 Ruth and Stephanie 43 Robert H. 43 , 325,329 Sarah and Steven 42,43 Stephen G. 141 Thomas 44,429 Treves V. 43 ITZELL, IVES, Frank 42 316 JACKSON,A ndrew Claudine 84,269,275,328,375 84,269,270,275 Dolly Sirnbles Doris Edna M. Elisha Enrid F. June Fred Tuttle Grace and Isaac Jennie and John Lee and Lillie Lew Loralene Allison Maria and Naomi Orval Ron and Shirley Rose Washington 323,324,328 85 86 53 85 85,86 272 85 85 85 84,85 145 84 85 86 267 81,85 298 JACOBS,W endal 327 JAEHNIG,D avid L. JAMIESONM, ary JAPPINA, Fred 3,4,7,10,206,391 126 JASZEWSKIF, rank and Joseph JAYNE, Daniel 151,436 204 316 37 58 311 JEFFRIES, Dr. Charles A. JENKS, Mrs. JESSOP, Philester JEWE.TI', Charles C.J. George w. Josiah P. JEWITI', JOCELYND, r. JOHNIDES, John JOHNSONA, lice Charles Clarissa Don Dorothy Ethel F.K. 154,315,348 399 37,148 37 427 298 297 117,149 316 298 432 274 140 348 17 JOHNSON,J erome E. 229,430 Marion and Mrs. Max 326 Minnie Miss Nathanial Peter Wilbur William JONES, Mrs. Arthur Casey Doris Gerald Mrs. Gerald Gladys H.W. John Lee Lorraine Margaret Richard A. Mrs. Sam Trevor William S. JOY, Arthur JOYNER, Benjamin JUBB, Elijah Grace and Henry Marion and Pauline Sherman E. William KAHLERD, orothy KALINOWSKIF, r. Leo KANOUSEJ,a cob and Luther KARNEYR, ev. Ralph KEDDLE,B urla Glenn Mrs. Joseph Mrs. Ross KEESLER, Charles KELLAMS,W .R. KELLER, Bert and Elda Jacob and Matilda Oscar KELLEY, Ruth KELLOGN, ellie and OWen ~, Annabel Baldwin and earl Boyden A. Carlton and Cindy carol and Celinda Charles Davis Clara and Cora Clifford Danny and Deborah David Ebenezer 269 146 36,298 37 269 302 326 432 195,326 432 294,326 286 87 195 288 276 326 391 276 288 55,325 204,322 32 85 61 85 324 51 191 294 316 300 273 410 272 273 325,326 331 86 86 86 145,146 299 52 87 59,60 59 87 59 87 59,60,87 60 87,200 59,87,200,301 KEL.Lcx:;GEd, ward Elijah Elizabeth Elma Grace Erastus Frances Ira Joseph P. Kern Linnie Loren 87 59,87 87 59,60 59,89 87 87 59 Randy and Shirley Spencer and Wealthy 59,87 87 59,87 87 87 200 201 202 288 348 4 KELLY, Aaron Rev. Edward D. Franlt J. Franklin Mrs. John Patricia M. KENDALLO, rin KENNEDYI Amy Helen Swanson Jeffery Loretta Rebecca Dr. Robert L. Ronald B. Ted KENYONW, illiam K. W.W. KERR, William E. KETCHUMR,e v. Ronald KEYES, Earl J. KIEF!', Howard KILPATRICK,R ev. Jesse Sarah KIMBALLK, endrick KIMBERLYB, oyden Mrs. Boyden KING, B.P. Delores Ermnett L. family Grace Jane Kernie Mildred Miss KINLOCH,J ack and Wanda KIRBY, Paul A. KIRK, Arlington Bessie H. and Burdick Frances Hazel John Louis and Mary 51 429 47,226 331 47 47,226 270 331 47 47,226 216 394 269 304 288 264 57,314 57 154 320 301 197 292 245 318 114 93 292 142 141 267 288 98 98 98 98,182 . 98,301 394 98 18 KIRKBY, Jennie KIRKLANDB, arbara George KIRKOWSKIC, arl KIRTLANDG, .A. 85 329 324,325,326 324 316 KITTLE, Simeon 198 KIZER, Thomas 176,325,326,327,329 Thomas J. Sr. KLEEHAMMEMRr,. KLEIN, Clayton Mrs. Don KLINGENSMITHR,e v. E.F. KLOsrERE, Mary E. KLUMPR, ev. F. KLUMPPA, nn KNAPP, Ernest and Mary J. Fred w. Grace Isabelle Mildred R. Stella T.B. Walter William R. KNEELANDG,e orge w. John B. Judge KNIGHT, Jesse F. Stanley KNOOPG, uy KNCYITM, rs. Annie KOBISKA,O nalee KOWALSKFI,r ed Gary KRAFT, Rev. Oscar H. KRAKAUM, iss KRAMERM, rs. Allen KRAUSEM, arilyn Robert KRIIDER, T. KRIESLER, Nicholas KROGsrADA, ndrew B. KROIL, Stanley KRUEGERR, ev. C. KRIDER, Eunice KRYCHA, rthur KUEHND, avid L. Ruth KUEHNLEM, r. KUHNS,R hea KULICK, Beverly KURDERKOT,e d KURKOWSKMYr,. KYPKE, Carmen and Mrs. earl 292,324,409 144 273 273 302 275 297 48 48 387 269,282 117 104,282 227 283 269 260,349 191 148,153 347 304 176,195 113 299 76 229 429,430 302 149 281 281 399.401 399 197 272 266,433 297 34 332,334 267,268 326 399 282 270 431 273 429 LABOE, Dr. Edward W. LABOurER, M. LACE, Alta and Frank Lafay LADNER,W illiam LADNEWR, obert Wm. 331,332,333 296 123 123 229,230,399 61 Mary and William LaFLAMMEM, aurice and Nancy LaGRANGEA, aron James and John Mary and William LAKE, George Glenn Henry F. Rial 61 220 104 104 104 200 LAMB, Adaline Dr. Gary Harry James Peter Rev. LAMOREAUXA,. J. Arny and Anne Arlene Daniel and David Kathleen 275 35,90 200,318 44 323 400 332 331 198 153 142,154 4 Michael and Richard Timothy 3,4,7 4 4 4 4 LANE, family Mrs. Herbert Joshua s. Leroy E. Richard LANCOURH, oward LANGWORTHBYy,r on D. LANNENE, stella 30 272 153 205 329 10 260 88 Grace Lawrence and Roy Mrs. Roy 400 88 401 173 65,173,204,269 271 184 , 199 LANSING, Alice Frank M. Mrs. F.E. Nellie LARKIN, John Norman LARSEN, Esther and Gerald Harold and Marjorie Sarah Thorwald LARSONA, rthur Mr. and Mrs. H.J. LaRUE, Frank and Lola LASHER, Cecilia and Claude Daisy Ford 104 89 89 76 89 146 301 144 104 · 104,105 105 19 LASHER, Ione 105 James 104,105,199 John 104 Maria 104,105 Neva and Nida 104,105 Orel 104,105 LATHAMR, ev. Richard 303 LATSON, Ada and Alvin 51 LAVERY, LAVOIE, Albert 50,170,230,264 356 Alice 50,282 Bernice 50 Charles 50,51,87 Eda and E.E. 275 Edward 50,87,88 Eugene family George H. Gladys Hazel and Hazen James and Leslie Lewis Loraine Mary Miram Nellie Robert Roy Ruth Sarah Stanley Virginia William Pauline Peg Richard L. Helen Joel 50.54 318 51 282 125 50,88,282 50 51 50 50,54 50 88 282 50 50,277,292 51 50 51,125,146 51,125 LAWLERJ, ames LAWRENCJEe,n nie 50,87 282 278 229 374 146 LAWRENZM, r. and Mrs. Ferdinand 301 LAWSON, Adelaide and Arthur Bertha and Catherine Charles F. and David Edith and Ernest Gavin and George Harriet and Howard Herbert John and Kathleen Levena and Margaret Rebecca Richard Sarah LAWI'HER, Amari !la Eva James Nancy M. 428 89 89 89 89 89 89 89,146 89 89 89 89,143 89 95,122 95 95,122 95 324 332 LAYTONJ, ohn W. LEAVENWORT"Hda, d" LEE, Eli Elizabeth Etta Mrs. F.G. Mrs. F,J. Frederick J. George Lyman Maria Martha 84,311 84,85 85 271 173 37,58,59,313 37,154,313,390,394 84,85 85 59 Rosalie Stephen LEFERVE, Rev. Paul LeGRANTE,D ouglas and Mary LEIBERGER,D onald and John Robert LEIGI-rrON,R aymond LEITH, Mrs. Thomas LELAND,R obert LEMON,R uth LEONARDC, harles F. LEPARD, Cecil LePIORS, Mary LEPPEK, James H. LERITTENDERW, .W. LESIAK, Joseph LESLIE, Dr. George L Mary E. LESS, Dorothy LEWIS, Darius Edwin c. Fred Helen E_L. Marion Mary William Dr. William M. LIDDY, catherine Mrs. James LIGHT, William M. LILL, Gregory Jerry and Joanne Michael and Otto LILYWHITE, Willabell LINDOR, Frank LINDSEY, Dennis P. LINE, C.S. Daisy Francis 39,58 B,298 202,301 84 48 '18 245 273 325 146 198 325,326 399,400 229 276 288 331,332 51 281 197 267,268 267,394 267,268 269 281,299 B 154 100 273 288 48 48 48 149 183 288 229,232 232,299 236,241 Grace 140 Winfield 150,229,233,242,388 304 265 75 LING, Rev. C. E. LIPP, Coralyn LISTERMANE, mma LIVERANCE,L orraine 323,324 20 LIVINGSTON, Edward LOCKE, Jane LOCKWOOD,a niel LODER, Dwight E. LONG, Dr. Charles D. LOREE, Jo~m LORENZ, Laura LOSEY, Verne LOSO, James M. LOTT, Hannah Zoe LOUNSBERRYfa, mily Mrs. Lloyd LOUNSBERYA, llen and Audrey Charles Clark and Ernest Fred Hattie Maryctte Vola LOVAS, Stella LOVE, Alta Bruce Elisha and Henry John Thomas LOWRYE, leanor LUCAS, George LUDWIG,C aroline and Fred Lurz, George LYMANGROVEWRi,l liam LYON, H. Solomon T. Theodatus T. Willis W.L. LYONS, Anna and Cornelius Charles Mrs. Ellen Frances Hugh Mary and Patrick Sidney Willis MAAS, Ed Mrs. Edward Evelyn Mrs. Clyde MacDONALDM, rs. Donald Isobel! John R. Mrs. John B. 311 52,54 199 297 279 42 277 177 288 33 146,244 318 273 54 50,54 54 54,86,100 282 50,5'1 54 272 123 77,31 19(. 199 123,199 90 292 219 199 401 399 390 379 129,146,387 283,291 51 140 51,;99,401 51 152 51 302 300,322 431 302 145,326 276 282 272 267 324 Robert B. 229,325,326,329 MACK· ,Catherine and Glen 198 Jesse 429,433 S.R. 198 MACKIE, John MACKINDERJ,o seph MADDENW, illiam W. MAGESKI, Charles 379 245 325,326 430 and Marge 276 281 MAHONEYM, rs. Frederick MAIN, Mrs. Keigh MALAFOURISM, rs. Theodore MALBY,H .F. MALCOLMPa, ula MALMQUISTJ,o an and Richard MALONSONJa, net MALTBYA, lmon MARBIG, B.H. MARBLEO, .J. O.P. MARCINKOWSKJeI,f f MARDIGIAND, oreen Masis Mrs. MARENCICR, ichard J. MARKOFFC, harles MARKSG, erald MARR,C lifford Mrs. Clifford Erastus Harlem Jesse John Mrs. Mrs. Ruth MARSHF, .H. MARSHALLM, r. MARTELLE, dmund MARTIN, Dorothy Ephriam Helen Irene James Louis Thomas MARVINM, ary A. MASA, Allene MASCHKEA, rthur MASON,C arl D. Charles Dudley and Earl Dr. Gardner J.C. MASTERS,W illiam MATHERSL, aura MATHESONM, rs. Robert MATTER,R ev. Mark MA'M'HEWSM, rs. Cedric Jean Mrs. Robert MATSONH, elen 266 316 326 101 329 317 316 198 316 431 304 274,304 225 229 334 331 90 273 201 90 201 90,201 384 195,399 390 322 400 281 34 278 146 349 296 233 81 281 78 90 90,260 90 37 33 332 54 266 297 266 278 281 412194 21 MAUL, Jack MAUPIN,H erman MAURERH, elen MAY, Floy and Leona 229,399 304 281 262 Dr. Louis "Pat" 230,264,271,279 323,324,329 MAYBERRYW, illiam A. MAYCOCKC,a rrie and Donald Fanny Harold Mrs. Harold Harry and James Josephine Leslie and Loreene 58 91 90,91 91 195 90,91 51 91 Mary A. Sarah 90,91 91,114,141,142,146 McCALLUMGl,a dys McCARTHYD, ennis Rev. Hugh Timothy McCLEERM, erlyn J. McCLENATHALNu,c ille McCLERNODNa, vid MCCLOSKEYD,r . Gerald Mrs. Gerald John Mary 145,151,152 201 294 201 288 114,149 429 49,323 324,399 49,429 Patrick and Richard 49 49 Thomas 49 McCLOUDJ,o hn McCOLL, Don and Jean McCOLLUMGl,a dys McCONNAOOHECYha, rles and Mary McCOOKE, lizabeth Wade McCORMICWK,i lliam McCREEDYE,s ther McCULOOORHo,b ert McDACEF, r. George McDANIELS,O rual J. McDERMOTIL',e on McDEVITT, Frances and Gale McDONALDB,a rbara A. McDONOOOAHg,n es Ambrose A. Howard and Julia Robert and Ruth Thomas McDOUGALLJe, anne McDOWEILL, ela Prudence McEWENR, ev. G.F. Thomas McGILL, Lottie McGIVNEYJ,o hn B. McGRAINE, ffie L. Fred and Rose 347 263 140 304 281 288 331 326 434 294 288 149 195 43 48 195 48 48 48 264 146 117 153 348 272 124 43 202 McGREGORD, r. A.J. 280 Dr. 270,327 McGUINNESJ,a mes A. 171,17~ McGUIRE, 49 James 201 Michael 202,301 McINTYREM, rs. D. 393 Josephine 281 McKANEW, illiam 316 McKEE, Lynn 430 McKEENERC, lare F. 288 McKEONR, ichard 429 McKEONEJ,a mes and John 201 McKERNONM, ichael 153 McKINLEY,G eorge and Robert 92 Sarah and Thomas 92 William 245 McLARENE, sther and James 282 McLEANJ, .B. 187 McLOED,F lorence 282 McMACKERNi,c hard J. 295,429 Robert 428,429 McNAMARKAa, te 140 McPHERSONA,l an R. 39 Alex. 37,39,45,58,192,399 Ed 58,264,322,324,325,326 Edward Gregory 37,39,40 58,60,216,399 Elizabeth 37,39,60 Ella 37,39 family 193 Hugh A. 40,154,216,269,399 Isabella 37,39,58 Marguerite 39,58 Martin J. 37,39,40,41,154 Mary M. F. Mrs. Mimi Miriam M.J. 322,399 37,39 402 326 58 45 R. Bruce 40,41,52,174,217 229,233,317,322,399 Robert 39,40,41,229 248,251,323 Rosa 322 Mrs. Rosalie 39 William 37,39,40,58,60,192 229,316,374,379 William Jr.37 to 41,58,192 217,314,384,399 William 3rd, 39,40,58,60 322 to 325,428 William 4th, 39,40,58 · 230,262 McQUEENG, eneva 150 22 MCQUILLAN, Barbara Dorothy Mary William MCLE, John E. MEABONC, lara Helen MEADD, eborah and David Jennifer A. MEEDENR, ev. Merle Mrs. MEIER, Martha Dr. Walter MELENDYR,o yal P. MELLIS, Dr. MELTONM, rs. MELVIN,M r. 49 143,281 143 149 429 288 87 151 60 60 300,328 276 230 333 154 271 282 44 William MERCERA, lice George MERIANS,J o Ann MERITHEWM, rs. Olive Peter 37,57,123,347,374 326 52 302 P.L. MERRELSJ,o hn Mary MERRILL, Alden Alice Bernice Benjamin and Bolisti Charles E. Charlotte Ezell and Horace Hiram Ira Vera MERRIT, Leslie Mrs. Leslie MERRIT!'L, es L.B. MERROWM, rs. Hazen MERWINM, rs. Lois METZ, Mrs. Joseph Sr. Mrs. Mae MEVIS, Joseph MEYERD, oris Duane MEYERS, Mrs. Duane E.E. Robert MIESLE, Joseph MILES, Mr. MILET, Anna MILFORD, Edna C. 286,401 410 299 198 269 82,92,283 92 272 92 272 92 92 92,93 92 82 391 273 229 399 267 328 195 97 243 326 191 273 399 429 76 148 282 282 MILLER, Alice Bruce Cynthia Daniel Donald E. Doris Dutch Emma Evelyn F.A. Florence George E. Helen Hollis James D. Joan Karen Lawrence L.C. Lloyd D. Mary A. Michael Nettie E. Paul Robert Roy E. Ruth Samuel Dr. Stephen Vance MILLIKEN, Gov. William MILLIMAN,R ichard L. MILLIS, E.L. . MILLS, Frank and Henry 270 94 60 94 288 281 204 93 281 324 150 93 94 269 391 292 263 388 390 93,94,195 93 94 332,334 292 388 199 150,268 94 154 269 206 391 292 216 Mrs. H.H. and Marguerite MINER, Charles H. 39 201 326 143 267 282 281 Edith Gale Marjorie MISSLIT'Z, Donald Evelyn MITCHELL,C arrie Mr. MIZINE, Michael MOELLERB, ert MONROEA, bigail Addie M. Almira and Archibald Arthur L. Benjamin Charles B. Cora M. Donald Dwight D. Elizabeth Ernest 91 427 288 177 32 34 32 34,394 32 229 34 325 34,399 32 191 23 MONROEF, rancis B,32,33,34 190,193,216 Frederick and Freedom 32 33,34 33 George Henri O. James Launa A. Lemuel Libby B. Linda 34,190,193,276 33 31 to 34,190,200 34 Lucinda M. Mary and Margaret Nancy Norton and William MONTEGUEA,l ex Burr Lukes. MOONEYR,e v. Edward MOORER, ev. E.C. Fred Mary Pane Mervil Mrs. Mervil Susan MORANB, lanche Elaine H. Larue James William MOREYJ, esse MORGAN, Robert and Sally Benjamin B. Hulda Melbourne MORLANR, obert E.L. MORLOCKE,d ith MORRIS, Lewis Margaret MORRISONH, attie MORRISSEYF, r. . MORSE, Dana Daniel w. MORTEMORJEu,d y and Richard MORTONL, eonora Miss MOWREYD,e nnis MUELLERR, ev. Marcus c. MULLINJ, ess s. MULLOY, James MUNGERM, rs. Abigal MUNNJ, ohn Mrs. Roberta MUNSELLA, rthur Catherine and Carol 276 33 33 32 33 433 348 153,314 202 237 199 55 201,325 195 47,78 55 104 105 104,105 105 88 53 427 33 329 288 288 326 35 35,190,192 282 197,301 34 187 267 117 146 3,4,264 302 324 37 187 55 151,'129 276 101 101 MUNSELLE, lnora Frank Garon Mary and Molly Michael Robert and Teena MUNSONF, erdinand F.W. 101,149 101 101 101 101 101 318 116,152 152 277 MURBACKR,e v. John MURNINGHADMav, id and Polly Mr. 411 201,323,324,325 49 124 145,149,326 MURPHYJ,a mes Mary Mr. Pat MURRAYA, udrey Mrs. Donald MUSCH,f amily Mrs. Hannes MUSONF, rederick W. MUSSO,M rs. Inez MUSSONC, layton Mrs. Clayton Elizabeth Estelle Frank Gerald George Grace Jennie Leonard Linda Lulu Lyle Marjorie Martha. and Maude Mary Mrs. Max Ralph Robert Thomas William W.E. MUTI'ER, Emily George MYERS,R obert MYNAHAI i"JJ. ' w. NAGEL,M iss NAUSS, Brent B. Joan and Miclcey Ralph NEARY, John NEELY, D.D. John R. NEFF, Henry 399,400 282 318 270 200 289 96 273 97 272 96 58 98 96 98 55,97,98 326 98 55,98,195 273 96 97 273 430 97,98 98 55,58,96,98 283 122,154 117 143 283 146 288 267 266,433 347 282 37 320 24 NELSON, Betty Mel Mrs. NEQUETTEA, llen C. NESMITH, Mr. and Mrs. Ralph NEU, Mrs. Lloyd NEUBECKE, d and Joan NEUMANG, race and Lily NEVERETHH, ennan and Ruth Marie NEWBERRY, Dell 275 152 277 229,391 273 263 267 282 60 140 76 NEWCOMB, Howard Olive and Onalee 274,283 76 204 116,427,428,436 Bruce Ray NEWCOME, NEWLAND, NEWMAN, Roy Bruce Fran and James NICHOLAS,D r. Mildred B. NICHOLS, George Howard N. Myrtle NIMPHIE, Max E. Jr. NIRIDER, Cecil NIXON, Clark family Gale and Hattie NOBLE, Edgar Elnathan Dr. Rev. H. M. John NOEL, William H. NOLL, Betty NOONEYL, ewis NORMANW, illiam NORTHRUPS, arah Mrs. William Norton, Carol Francis A. Horace Helen and Henry H.W. Lucinda Malcom D. NOSS, family OAKLEYD, oris O'CAVANAGHR,e v. Bernard o 'CONNELL,N ora O'CONNOR,J ohn O'DONNELL,A lice O'HEARN, Neil O'KANE, Margaret 116,427,436 144 288 428 333 394 437 48 288 58 282 318 282 187 311,312 292 399 198 288 52 245,248 217 94 195 326 35 316 35 275 35,190,200 35 182 328,329 197 51 195 277 216 51 O'KELLY, Fr. Patrick O'LEARY, Mrs. Laura Mr. Mrs. Virginia OLDENBURGG,l adys OLDS, Dr. E.F. Ransom E. O'LONE, John OLSEN, Hazel Mr. OMEL, Richard O'NEIL,Alex ORMANDA, nna M. ORTH, Henry OSBORNG, ov. OSGERBYJ, .K. Mr. OSTRANDERD, oris OTT, Frad and Carl OTWELLR, alph Jr. OWEN, James G. John Ruth Byron 195,201,294,301 273 225 225,282 143 281 37,153 378 296 148 149 325 195 51 331 2'15 148 144 268 61 328,329 245 45 236 195 268 PACHARDW, illiam PAGE, Mrs. Bonnie John 114,141,142,144,147 149,152,218,236,262 Mr. PAILTHORPER, ev. PAOLI, Angelo PALMERE, rnest J. PAPWORTH, Edna Logan Walt S. PARK, A. Colton Dean Mrs. Dean Molly PARKE, Janet Sue PARKER,A ndrew Asa Mrs. Blanche Clarence David 281,286,324,429 124 292 302 288 B 292 32,ll3,292 260 324 292 280 279 43 61,224 Bl 299 95 Mrs. Dona Donald and E.D. Scott 199 331 288 Edna L. Elizabeth family Frank Grace Duane 299 276 191 3~0 61 276 25 PARKER,I sabella, Jane PARKS, Jennie Jessie Maria Miss Ora Rev. Robert Roxanna William Betty and Dean Robert Billy 61,266,326 118 95 123 61,214 144 224 158 10,61,216,222,224 158 61,154,224,272 292 388 PARMENTERF,l orence and Louis PARRISH, Edward 429 220 325 PARSHALLA, rvilla Chester Thomas K. Vincent PARSONSB, urt F. C.D. Ralph PASMOREI,r ene Mary E. PATE, Bert S. PATTERSONG, eorge C. Sarah Thomas PATTIN, Donna B. PAULI, Mary Jo PAYNE, George Jim Mary PEACH, Edna and Trumen PEARCH,C arol PEARSONF, red PEAVEY,G eorge w. John w. PEAVY, Adelbert Mrs. Adelbert A.F. Calvin A. Edith and Ethel George and Ichabod Homer B. Josephine Rhua Rosette and Sally William H. 126 216 317,320 320 305,348 275,316 225 282 281 322 315 92 226 281 51 269 113 269 60 281 387 154 311 55 275 71,275,276 55 55 55 27, 55, 71,277 244 277 55 PECKENS,A lbert and Alexander 55,275 98 98 98,99 99 98,99 98,99 Alton Charles Clara and David Eliza and Ernaline Howard PECKENSJ, ohn Justin Lena Shaw Lynn and Mary Marcena and Rose Ralph 98 99 98 99 98,99 PECKINS, Alex. and Marcenus Mildred 99 201 283 288 304 299 Otto M. PEDERSENR, ussell PEIRCE, Leilah PELKEY,G erald Lotta Preston PELL, Mrs. Carrie PENNELLD, orothy PENTICOFF,R ev. O.C. PENZIAN, Judy PERKINS, Clifford Floyd Frank Mrs. Mildred PERRY, Annie "Hank" PERSON,M rs. R.H. PESTLE, Beverly PE'TER, Mrs. William PE'TERSMARBK., PE'TERSONC, arl Harold PE'TRICK,R ev. B.E. PE'ITIBONE,B arbara Fern Mrs. Harry Henry Lyle Mrs. Nelson Norman PE'ITIS, Harriet o. PFAU, Albert Herb PHILBURNJ, ames and Linda PHILLIPS, Foster Elizabeth Galen A. Sr. Glane and Irene Larry Mabel Maude PHIPPENY, Maxine PHIPPS, Byron PHLOR, Thora PIERCE, Dr. Eugene David B. Harry 122,431 431 431, 432 299 1/JS 297 270 283 394 191 191 283 82 ll6,428,436 271 281 146 52 392 267 283,288 302 35,267 234 302 260 286 194 267,436 Bl 395 241 295 334 61 58,59,191 61 148 270 126 333 260 282 33i 46 429 26 PIERPONT, Kenneth PIERSON, Lt. PINCKNEYJ, ohn D. Margaret PIPP, E.G. William PI'ITINGER, Edward J. Phil O. PLACEWAYH,a ttie PLA'IT, Mrs. A.A. PLESS, Charles Samuel S. F. Robert Mrs. Maybelle William PLUMMERW, ayne K. POHL, Dorothy POHLY,M rs. P.H. POLACKD, r. Robert POND, Jabez A. POOL, Clarissa and Fred Howard and Irwin Jeremiah and John Marcellus and Mary Nathan POOLE, Mary POPPY, Guy and Nellie PORTER,M rs. E.S. Joseph William POST, Elder PO'ITER, Anna Mrs. Edla Sally PO'ITS, Gladys Russell POWELLE, .B, POWERS, William PRA'IT, Chuck Mary A. PRESTONA, lva Bessie H.and Fred Henry s. PRICE, Clayton and Mrs. Irene Rev. Lawrence PROBSTFELDR, obert PROCTORJ, ane Topping Herbert T. PUCKETI',O rvell PULLEN, Merritt and William PURDY, Albert Augustus and Ermna Jane and Leander D. Mandanie 296 180 B,37,44,191 372,373,398 398 154 301 288 229 52 271 248,249 216,286 428 188 177 195 288 319 297 327,328,333 187 54 48 54 54 54 100 283 271 36,148,153 204 305 32 194 55 279 280 390 316 248 141 35 98 187 282 283 302 430 93 267 288 187 394 93 93 93 PURDY,M ary Maurice PUI'NAM, Effie PLYES, Howard Mr, QUACKENBUSNHa,n cy QUIGLEY,K enneth QUINN, John Maxine RADDATZC, arl RADEBACHH,a rvey and Merely RAFFERTYD, an and Thomas RAHRIG, Rev. Gilbert RAMSDEILN, oah RANCOURA, gnes LEO RANDALLM, r. Pearl RATHBUNF,r an RATZ, Daniel RAVEN,F rank RAWLINGSM, artha RAWSONM, r. RAYMONDH,a rold J. Jess RAYMOURG,e orge READ,C atain READERL, loyd C. REAM, Leroy RECKER,M arilyn REDDINGW, illiam REDINGERC, atherine REED, Alta C.A. John Mrs. John Juliette Clara and Edwin Etta M, Harriet and Hazel Howard and Hulda Jay Kerr and Laura Linus and Loretta Louisa P. Mahlon and Nellie Mina Ray and Rex R. Clark Robert Ruben Clark Tazona and Walter Willard and Zur 87 248,249 183 229 220 46 275 333,334 332,333 324 148 263 294 195 282 428 204 140 262 260 128 32,33 150 288 128 199 303 288 152 270 319 42 277 302 270 48 154 48 47 48 48 48 48 47,48 48 146 48 47,275 329 48 48 48 REEVES,G eorgia 52 REID, Robert M. REINER, Richard 225,226,229,230 150428 27 REINHARDTM, el REKOWSKAI, nnie RENER, Eric RENTOND, r. Charles REPIK, Mr. and Mrs. Ed Vicki A. RESE, Rev. Fred REYNOLDSW, inston RHODE, SDonald Mrs. Donald RICE, Dr. Mary Ward RICHARDSB, eryl Helen Len Rosemary Mrs. Sherman Will RICHARDSONC,h arles Jeffery Kenneth Louis Louisa and Susanna Thomas RICHMONDT,r acy William F. RICKETT, John Marion RICKETTS, James 325 334,335 216 331 4 268 197 275 229 282 327 299 32 140 148 277 150 270 277 99 99 436 151 99 191 199 288 197 282 292 RIDDER,A rlene 126 RIDDLE, Andrew Cynthia Elijah Elizabeth family Frederick 37,39 ; 60,320,374 61 201,320 37,39,58,60 Isabella and Maria Mae and Marybelle Sallu William RIDER, David Ersyl Gladys Jemina and Joseph RIDING, Norah RIECKHOFFF,r ed REID, Neil REIMANNE, rnst RIGGS, Henry RIGNEY,E lizabeth RILEY, Charles RINK, Donald E. RISCH, Julia Martha RISDON, 320 61 60 61 201 60,61 46 114,145 282 46 329 391 395 41 385 80 204 267 80 59 260 ROBB, Henry James A. Lloyd Ross William E. ROBBINS, Martha ROBERTSA, lbert L. Andrew B. Beatrice Brad Bruce w. William ROBINSONB, ede David 333,334,335 324,328,334 303 324,325 2i7,316,322 171 245 288 96 276 200 304 429 199 Mary ROBITALLEM, rs. C.Arthur ROGERS,M rs. Byron 104 273 195,281 281 282 Cora G. Fred Mrs. Fred Jim Kathleen Leroy ROGGENKAMBPla, nche Mrs. Henry ROHRABACHEARd, am Albert Mrs. Al Christian Clare w. 323,324 429 325 304 326,329 270,326 37,44,56,398 30,45,191,195 7,153 359 398,401 44 245 Edward and Ella 44 Freeman 45,260 Gabriella Janet John c. and Jane 44,56 3,171,267,268 44 Kenneth Nancy Smith Peter Sarah ROLASONc, arrie and Henry ROLISON, Louis B. ROMNEYG, eorge Roor, Rev. Henry George P. ROSE, Mary Orson A. Ralph SUsan ROSS, "Dick" Dr. E.A. James Lorna Robert Thomas Winifred ROSSEN, Edwin 45,288 398 44,45 44 269 387 205 37,56 390 262 245 268 50 428 296 268 48 150- 34 393 288 28 ROSSINGTONM, rs. Alfred ROUNDSA, sabel and Polly 273 298 93,298 197 316 Sylvester ROUNSIFER,A sa ROUNSVILLEF, rank ROWE, Joseph Samuel RUBBINS, Burt Mr. RUBERT, S.B. Rudolph, Alene Ivah RUMSEYC, larissa Joseph Mrs. William RUPERT, Mark RUPPERT, Seth RUSISCHER,G eorge RUSSELL, Gladys Helen John Joseph Mayme Wheeler RUSSO, Rosemary RUSTON,M rs. Fred RYAN, A.W. and Fay Golda John Fr. John Mary E. Patti S. Robert SAGE, George James Mr. Mary SALMONH, elen Laird Mary Mrs. Rayroond SALSBERGE, ugene SANFORDM, rs. A. F. Ellie Ezra Rev. Ezra Ida James John SARGISON,G eorge SAROSKI, Edward SAUNDERSF, rederick SAUSE, Rev. SAVAGEH, annah SCHAFER,C harles SCHAIBLE, Anna L. 37 191 195 128 260 88 153 320 158 320 348 233,388 201 282 281 37 201 282 201 281 304 296 294 195,201,316,391 294 229 294 294 300 B,36,58,390 B,36,373 297 34,298 328 82 323 316 278 326 89,98 201 278 201 89,201 260 288 199 302 33 154 281 SCHANCKENBERMGa,r y E. SCHANERI,r ma SCHAUERA, lice SCHAYERA, rthur SCHEFFER, Francis S. SCHELKE,E lsie SCHMEIK,A dam SCHMIIJI',A ndrew and Frank Elizabeth Gus John and Joy Louise and Mary Rose SCHMIT!', August Dr. Phillip SCHNACKENBERLGuc, ille Lyle Ruth SCHNEIDERE, lizabeth SCHOENHALOS,s car SCHO'I'TSH, erbert Mrs. Herbert SCHREPFERM, erle SCHROEDERD,e Folia Fred SCHUCHC, harles SCHULTHEISJ, ack SCHULTZ,F ern Mr. SCHULZ, Elsie and Louise SCHURTZZ, oe SCHWEITZERR,e v. F. SCOFIELD,B arbara Benjamin 281 326,328,329 126 292 288 302 42 61 61 428 61 61 61 229,431 271,331 149 388 281 326 201 57,324 273 429 269 231,269 387 429 279 144 326 148 297 149 374 Joy - William B. 265,399 229,230,266,296 SCO'I'T, Wilson SCULLIN, James SCULLY, John F. SEALS, Keith SEAMANG, eorge SEARS, Roy SEATON,N ellie SEELYE, Ralph A. SEIM, family Frances SELLERS, John SELLMAN, H.G. SEMES, Helen SESSIONS, Gordon L. 325,433,436 288 201 267 278 292 260 272 278 318 126,282 197,198 348 47 288 Harold and Madelyn 283 409 11';1 SEXTON,N ellie Orville w. William W.K. 126 106 29 SHAFFIER, Frank SHAFT, Jane and William SHARP, Alvin Andrew and Anney Catherine Clara Dwight and Elnora family Frank Mrs. Frank Fred George Hannah Hattie Helen Henry Jonathan s. Kester Mary Sam Thomas SHARPE,A lma Earl Elnora SHAW, I.H. Mr. SHEAR, Peg SHEEKS,G ordon SHELBY,M rs. Harold SHELTERSB, etty SHELTOND, orothy SHELVERM, elvin SHERER, Rev. Luther SHERTONC, arol SHERT'ZERD,r . Boyd Mrs. Millie SHERWOOJDo,h n SHIELDS, Dennis Edmund F.J. Mary SHINDORFT, heodore . SHIPPY, Mrs . Emma Harold SHUART, Mabel SHUKER, Jaclc SHULKINSM, arjorie SHULTZ,F rank Mr. SIGLER, Caroline M. Dr. Claude Dr. Fred Dr. Hollis SILSBEE, Archie M. SILVER, Louise SIMMONS, Margie Jim and William 288 118 101 100 100,101, 198 118 100 318 100,101 272 100 54,100,120 100 54,100 195 198 187 101 100,282 118 81,197 117,140,148,150 292,353,391 149 199 220 265 288 304 272 326 152 302 270 43,324,327,429 326 334 195,216,375 116,387 399 149,195 218,400 280 229,230,280 301 229 267 296 146 52 271 271,316 271,327 387 270 152 429 SIMONS, Connie "CUff" SINGER, Frederick SKALSKI, Norma SKILBECK,E lizabeth and 278 37,180 288 152 Frances 35 Franke John Joseph Mary A. Mrs. Parley SKINNER, C.E. 398 35 35,37,56 35,190,192 153 35,347 399 Charles and Flora SKRONSKI,D r. Marion J, SKUSA, William 269 331 229 SKUTr, Ray SLADER, Amos S. SLATER, John Ruth SLAVIN, Frank Will J. SLAYTONG, len Richard SLIDER, Charles Elbert SLITER, Samuel Subel B. SLONAKERA, wilda SLUCTER, Capt. Glenn SMALL, Gordon T.A. SMART'l, J.N. SMITH, Abigal A.H. Mrs. A.V. Albert Arthur Beryl catherine carolyn Chauncey Clara Dean Elisha H. Eliza Elizabeth Ella Elmer Ephriam Frank Fred G. Glenn Gus H. Mrs. H.B. Hannon 245 35 325,326,327 326 150 317 145,324 216,220,436 81 98 374 37 152 437 204,303 288 316 298 199 273 55,154,269,272 275 272 262 274 34 99 229 36,45,394 34 53 148 152,332 32,33,34,190,192 39,288 57,59 332,334 187,188 390 399 56,59 30 SMITH, Harold V. Henry H. Joan Jim John w. Julius D. Kathryn Leander L.C. 288 32,33,34 262 400 45,199 187,294,390 89 37,58,216,394 182 Lewis M. 56, 57, 59 L.M. 390 Lorenzo 199 Lucy s. 34 Madeline 326 Max 229 Nancy A. 44 Nellie Wood 398 Odell J. 191 Olivia F. 34 Patricia 281 Pierpoint 200 Rev. 318 Robert 149,150 269,302 323 Fr. Roger 301 R.R. 275 Mrs. R.R. 275,299 Ruth 49 Sam 387 Sidney 316 Tompthy 394 Vernon c. 199 Villeroy 45 Waitstill 32,33,34,190,192 W. B. 216,347 William B. 390 Wirt 199 w. McPherson 4,39,40,41 SMOCKF, ord 204 SMOUSEM, rs. Ermia 277 SNEDICOR,B ert 55,181,182 George and Marshall 55 W.N. 55,69 SNEED, Herb 229,323 324 SNELL, Jacob 320 SNOW,M r. 116 SNYDER,E li L. 260 Margaret 33 W.E. 125 SOBER, Margaret and Merle 96 SODERBERGI,n r.a 399,400 Mrs. Paul 281,282 SONNENBURAGl, ice 173 SOPCAK,M rs. Ed 273 SOPER, Eugne W. 288 SOPP, Thora 149 SORG, Mrs. Betty John Katherine Mrs. Lucy Odelia SOULE, William SOWLE,E nos and Justina Rosa A. SPALDING,M rs. Burton Ernestine Florence Mrs. Jesse Lother SPENCE, Mrs. Richard SPENCER, Dr. Claudius Dora 273 124 326 272 124 374 102 102 301 273 150 270 292 280 154 332 Henry N. and McPherson Miss 41 182 48 48 142 SPRAGUEE, velyn and John Marion and Milton R. Theodore SPRING, Benjamin SPUNK, Rev. David SQUIRE, Mrs. Robert Walter ST. ONGE, Richard Mrs. Richard STAEBLERR, ev. S. 48 266,374 297 280 292 429 270 297 STAFFORDS, STAIR, Ed D. Orin 49 154,182,183,184,383,390 182,184,390 STALEY, Hattie STAMBAUGRHe, v. M. W. STAMPERR, ev. Henry STANSBURYJa, mes M. Stapleton, Ella and John Jack Mary A. STARK, Samuel STARKEYM, abel STEDMAN, Margaret Mrs. Stanley Frances Hannah STEEL, Miriam Mrs. Ernaline Joseph H. Walter STEINACKERL, aurence R. STEINER, Edwinna STELZER, Henry and Margaret Olive and Wolfgang STENSAAS,G ail and Randy STEPHENS, Georgia William H. 99 298 300 312 52 394 52 200 282,326 229,282 229 50 100 50 298 37 392 288 90 76 76 101 49,50 387 31 STEVENS,C larence James Mary Alice STEWARTE, thel James Margaret STICKLER, Loui se STILES, E.H. STRIPE, Fran STODDARDE,l izabeth STOKER,L ance STOLLSTEIMERK, eene Mr. STONE, J.L. Ziba STOREY,B eecher A. STORRIN, Elsie STORY, Robert STOWE,I saac Leon STREBBINGE, velyn STREIT, Mrs. Mary STREKER,M anuel STRENG, Paul B. Mrs. Richard STRINGER,D oug STROBEL, Harold H.G. STRONGR, ichard STROOPS,S haron K. STUBER, Darbi Dr. Roscoe Mrs. Roscoe STUIBLE, Ronald STUMPHK, en SULKA, Sue SULLIVAN,E sther James John T. Joy Nicholas SUITON, caroline Charles Mrs. Charles Katherine Samuel SWANND, ouglas SWANSONH, elen SWEENEYE, dward Jay P. SWEENYG, eorge SWEET, Gordon Herbert 235 229 93 199 33 60 99 198 145 61,326 329 149,151,273,280 292 347 89 387 46,47 123 316 204 282 273 199 346 273 429 428 432 399 288 300 280 271,280,282,329 266 324 267 274 326 323,324,327 183 262 37,390 219 142,176,184,216 218,230,279,290 291,292,323,400 177,229 220 187 229,354 331 201 267 103 436 387 SWENSONL, t. Governor SWINEHARTR, ev. H.W. SWINNEYD, on 176 302 304 227 292 227 292 SWITZER, Aaron and Helen Joan Mary and Millie Richard Thomas G. SZ\'MANSKIV, ictor G. TABER, Henry P. TAFT, Charlotte family Noah TANNER,C leve M. 292,348,394 288 199 92 320 92,93 245 TAYLORA, ndrew and Alexander Elizabeth 37 37 Enos B. 37,312 Isabel James 37,60 37 Mrs. Lucille 35 Margaret 37 Milo William TAZZIMANJ, .B. TEASDALEJ, ulia TEEPLE, George W. TELLER, Joyce Samuel A. TEN EYCK, Scott TENGLE, Thomas TERHUNEW, ill TESCH, Emma B. Kenny TESTER, Ernest L. THATCHERM, ichael THEDE, Mrs. John THEIS, Fr. Allen J. THOLEN, Fred THOMAS, Ben George E. Helen THOMPSONA, . 0. Albert D. Crystal Edward Frank H.B. Jane and Lewis Lucinda Margaret Morris Moses Rachel Randolph 229 37 316 269 80,316 281 201 299 100 176,204,205 99 332,334 288 201 273 301 217 291 288 114 216 192,399 47 35,36,57,191,312 452 316 Joseph 35 35,36,57,191,394 35,36 35,36,190,192 35,36 B,35,36,148,15.3 191,214,378 35,36 36 32 THOMPSONR, ay 245 Rocelia 191 Stacey and Terry 47 THORNTONF,r . James 294 THRASHERE, lsie 151 THUMMJ,o hn 48 Lamar and Lewis 48 THURESONE, arl 229 TIBBITS, Rhode 44 TIFFANY, John 245 TILTON, Theodore 182 TIMMONSD, avid 268 TITTERTON,M ary 329 TITUS, John P. 390,391 Joseph T. 296,390 TOBIAS, Mary 268 TOOLEY,A lbert 90,91,103,116,427,436 Spencer and Wilson 394 TOPPING, Gordon and Jane 94 Norman 94 TORONLEYK, ress 316 TOTMANJ,o nathan 32 TOUSH, Clyde 103 TOWAS,A lex 391 TOWNSENDIs, aac 90 Lee 263 William 90 TOWSERA, nna 31 TRANORM, ary 146 TREVES, Anne M. 43 TRIMMR, oy 217,260,304 TROWBRID3EC, .C. 376 TRUESDELM, r. 56, 59 TRUHN, family 318 TRUMBULLM, argaret 326 TUBBS, Almada 273 Marshall 33,190 Ralph M. 281 Samuel K. 202,320 Thomas J. 141 TUCKER,G iles and Joseph 37 Radney H. 229,278 V.E. 57 TULIP, TUPPER,D onald TURNERJ,a mes 430 245 61 Jerome w. 180,266,374 Josiah Judge Roger 'IUM'LE, Sarah TWILLEY, Margarette TYNDALL, Myron L. UBER,· Paul H. UDE, Salley 37,314 184 391 85 77 304 41,229,262 378 ULRICH, Ernest Patty UM'ER, Mrs. Ann VANBLARICUMV, erta M. VAN CAMP, J.A. VANDERCOOEKv, a Ackley VANDERHOEFE,. R. VANDEUSEN, J.I. Mr. VAN HORN, Clifford Mrs. Clifford Josie VAN KEUREN, Alex H. Charles family Henry P.T. James I. Mrs. Tjerick VAN KLEEK, Asa VAN LOON, Mrs. Alfred VAN PATTON, Mrs. A. VAN NEST, Abram VANSLYKE, Mrs. Minnie VAN WINKLE, Carey V. Charles 277 281 3:-n 281 320 114 390 347 44 324,325 270 277 154 78,101,202 320 154 202 123,219,234 101 216 266 271 199 399 52 34,52,190,199 220,428 Don W. 52,399 Florence 220 Harriet 3~,52 Helen 52 Jacob Locke and Jane 34 Johannes 34,52 John 34,52,199,220,288 Katherine 220 Madge 52 Margaret and Mary A. 34 Nancy 220 Naomi 34 Nellie 52 Peter 34,52 Susan 34 William P. 52,216,271 Mrs. W.P. VANW ORMAMR,a rion VAN ZEE, Miss VARNEY, A.C. VAtxm, William VAUYA,R obert VEAL, Donald VEITH, Arthur Mr. and Mrs. Vernon VELME, mery Henry 314 316 323 104 281 180 56 48 296 302 302 302 334 33 VEI11, Emery VERNIER, Mrs. Theodore VEY, Herb VINCE, Jacl;: VOGT, John Ted - VOSS, Kay VYSE, Orvin L. WADE, Donald WADDELLA, ndrew D. Frances J. Samuel WADLUNDD,r . Robert WAHAB, ruce WAIT, Sarah WAKEFIELDB, etty WAKELINb, rother WAKEMANLu, cinda Margaret Stephen WALDRONE,d ward WALKEM, arie WALKERB,r ian Carl Chad Dorothy family Frances Goldie Jc1ne Joseph Laura P. Lewis Linda and Nancy Patty Rachel Ralph Raymond G. Richard Robert L. Thomas Todd Veronica William WALSERJ,a mes WALSH, Betty James and John Joseph Patrick and Robert Sally WALTERM, artha WALTERSD, .Peter Mary G. WALTONJa, y C. Mary Beekman 334 266 143 434, 435,436 289 229 142 288 272 35,188,216,390 43 36 280,296 430 47 281 298 35,190,200 48 25,200 348 140 47 392 47 48 320 48 82 48 199 79 48 47 47 227 48 47 200 288 53 47 326 48 302 48 48 201 48 48 44 391 299 216 35 WARDM, rs. Carl Phyllis WARNEE,v elyn WARNERFl,o rence Gov. Fred M. 195 294 328,329 114,142,143,147 Gertrude and Gratia Miss Wilbur WARNKER, ichard E. WARRENb,r other Charles WASHBURNC,h arles Roy WASKINL, ois WATERBURFYre, deric]< J. WATERMAMN,i ss WATERSR, ev. G.F. WATKINSM, rs. Phyllis WATSONE, rmnaa nd Hiram Jane John Margaret WATTS,B ruce Mrs. Bruce WAEVERJo, seph Merle Rev. E. WEBB, Nancy Thomas WEBSTERD, aniel WEEKS, Francis WEHNESG, ladys WEIAND,C lare and Mrs. Eva WEIBRECJITC, arrie and Ermna WEILANDB, . WEIMEISTER, 331 91 150 91 303 298 34 245 191,193 399 288 153 305 273 224 137 37,245 274 323 324 295 275 153 148 82 90 326 51 299 349 429 428 Carl 122,242,248,282 Henry Sr.and John 57,297 Matilda and Nellie 57 Paul 273 WEINMEISTERfa,m ily 318 John 318 WELCHJ, oseph WELCHERC, arl Karl Miss WELKERC, harles s. Karl WELLER,C arl and Michael Thelma WELLMAN, WELLS, A.M. Dr. Cyrus Eunice Frank Ione 201 144 260 144 288 292 105 302,329 326 430 276 194. 117 394 34 WELLS, Helen Marilyn Dr. William WENKM, rs. Lavern WENZELM, rs. Anthony WESSINGER," Bud" Joseph Lyle Ruth WEST, Dorcas Ebenezer and Matthew WESTERMADNr, . Kenneth WESTMORELANGDal,e n J. WESTPHALT, homas 48 274 58 52 263 393 195 61 80 55 37 292 288 429 WESTONA, llen C. WESTRANR, oy WHALENC,l int Katherine M. WHEELERD, r. Gardner Henry WHEELOCKP,a ul 37,266,374 331 333,334 43 37,45,56,191, 269 191 394 WHIPPLE, Almon Frederick c. Gladys Henry A. Judge Martha WHITACREM, r. WHITAKERA, ndrew Ella WHITBECKO, live WHITE, Basil Delia Edward Mrs. Frank James John Les Lulu Mary Vincent Wilbert WHITEHEADS,a rah WHITEHOUSED, r. Walter WHI™ORE, Mary and Pauline WHYMAGNe,r aldine WICKMANM, rs. WIIMAYERW, illiam E. WIEBER, Fr. Joseph WIECHERS,J ohn E. WIER, Dorothy WIGGINE, dward WIGGINS, Mrs. Annette Casey Mrs. Casey WIGGLESWORTFHra, nces 37,57,394 390 57,142 260 347 227 200 348 176,177 55 334 282 198 272 37,44,398 317,434.436 334 98 273 35,262 302 35 333 85 91 144 44 294 201 326 331 273 54,273 273 262 WIGHT, Lemuel A. 199 WILBER, Henry 348 WILBUR,H enry 394 Jerome 260 WILCOXA, delbert 99 Alta 123 Alonzo 99 Calvin 216,314 Deborah 99 Eleanor and Ermna 99 Florence 124,277 Hattie 99 J .A. 124 Jennie M. 48 Mabel 99 Rosette 55 Ryland s. 99 Surah and Susanna 99 Theodore 99 WILDES, Mrs. Joseph 263 WILES, Lois 81 Tholan 81,260 WILEY, Bernice 292 WILKINSONC, harles 43,202 Herman and Joan 270 Mary and Mildred 43 Mrs. Myrtle 399 Mrs. Robert 302 WILLARDA, lta 326 WILLER, Rev. Earl 302 WILLE'IT, David 391 Robert L. 229 Wesley 391 WILLIAMSA, rthur 114 Rev. Don 300 Mrs. Don 276 Harry 60,188,273,296,394 Mrs. Harry 188,273,399 Marge 270 Gov. "Soapy" 176,226 WILLIS, Loren 114,149,428 Mrs. Loren 280,281 Mildred 282 WILLISTON,C arlos A. 123 WILLS, William 148,153 WIU1ER, Ruth 282 WILSON,F . 283 family 271 Fromilda 57,226 Lelan 125 Mrs. Lillian 272 Lucius 230 Mrs. Rex 270 Stanley G. 154,272,296 35 WILTSE, Anson and Glenn Max Vernon Willard WIMBLESA, rthur and Bessie Clark 432 262,432 432 150,432 90 90,91 90 91 90 90 90 Clyde and Eleanor Edwinna Ella and Eva George Susan WINANSG, ov. Edwin B. George WINEGARA, mos Carrie Sarah T.J. WINES, Darwin Donald E.D. Edith Fr. George H. Henry Julia Michael Mrs. Naomi WING, John N. Hiram WINK, Verne WINKELlIAUHS,e nry WINSHIP, Pat WINTER,T heodore WIRICK,J ames WIRTHM, .H. WITHEY,J ack Jane Robert w. WI'IT, Ada Mrs. Sally WITI'ROCKR,u di WITTY, Mrs. Wes 52,58,316 316 216,269 269 141 260 61 144,249,266 349 269 197 288 269,323 48 320 177 34 200,319 245 215 264 201 302 393 433 145 230,304 114 205 304 WOJNICKI, Charlotte and Geraldine Stanley 272 398 398 WOLCOTI'H, arold 296 Norman WOLOWIC'ZA, lice WOLVERTONE, va M. WOODM, rs. Grace Lamar Robert Rhodora Shirley William H.S. 30 399 90 401 267 229,400 267 81 315,316,394,399 WOODHAMBSer, thold Carolyn WOODHURSMTi,s s WOODRUFFR,a lph Russell w. Whitely WOODWARMDab, el WOODWORTDHr., Edwin WOOL, Conrad WOOLCO'INTo, nnan WORKW, innie WORNTAINW, illiam W. WORTHINGTOJNo,h n WRIGGLESWORTJoHh,n WRIGHT,A lfred Arthur Mrs. Arthur Bernard Ernest Frank Mrs. Fran!< George w. Mrs. Guy Hazel H. John J.P. and Lewis Mrs. William WRUCKA, gnes Mr. and Mrs. Albert Carl and Otto YEAKEYL, eon Mr. YELLANDE, lizabeth YERKES, Esther Samuel M. YOON, Mr. and Mrs. D.S. YORK,D on YOST, Mrs. Betty 216,217,292 322,323,399 281 124 244 60,267,286 324 36 117 271,327,329 37 31 329 154 233 216 200 51 272 294 195 122 272 50,51,52 272 51 216 199 233 52 302 302 302 144 244 50 142 102,200,276 273 430 331 36 YOUNGA, lma brothers Carol David L. Doug E.A. Edward F. Fromilda J. James Mrs. James Mrs. Joseph Laurie Nellie Orland C. Sue William H. Sr. YOUNGLOVAE,a ron and William ZALESKI, Fr. Alex ZANDER,R ev. W.F. ZEEB, Cecilia Donna family Harley W. William Fred. ZEMAITIS, Dan ZEMPER, Dan Duane Rick Steve ZIMMERMAENlv, ira Janice June Lynn ZINK, Julius ZIZKA, Lawrence ZUCK, C.H. ZULAUF, Henry 57,149,226 427 262 226 262 348 57,226,227 57,226 429 262 282 282 262 57 216 229,323,324 262 226 George 199 199 301 297 l !J5 103,104 318 103,104 103 431 430 3,7,10,143,176,427 430 429,430 282 326 323,324,325,329 302,323 268 288 292 312 INDEXo f PHOTOORAPH'S Howell Bicentennial History 5th Michigan Regimental Band ADAMS, W. D. 204,206 55 163 405 322 Airial act Airplane AKIN, Robert American Legion veterans American Revolution Bicen. flag 288 10 "Annie Oakley" 162 Ann Pere Ann Pere station interior AVERY,Earl Mrs. Ernest Avery home Balloon Ascension Baptist church women Barn moving Barn stalls BARRONR, ichard Barron building Basketball team Bathing Beauty'~ BEACH, Ed Beard Contest BECKWITHF, ord BEEMANM, ary B. Belles of Howell BENNET!', Paul Bennett Hardware BERGRENJ, oan M. Bible Baptist church Big wheel bike Blacksmith shop interior BODE, Emil Bogue mill Brick house Bridal picture BRIGHAMM, ary Brinaina sheep to market BROOKS, "Bill" BROWNA, lice and Thomas Clyde Ernest Joe Boy Scouts Boys of Bootcamp Buffalo & wagon Building the Presbyterian BURDICK, Arlene BURKHARCTl,a udine family BURSLEY,S tate Senator Gil 360,361 362 156 156 193 162 198 58 92 401 350 430 120,306 386 444,445 433 260 107 254,428,435 179 204 295 170 370 67,430 65,363 38 306 102 26,27 401 75 401 432 197 398 241 125 church 223 4 75 83 9 1 Cabin on Marr road 15 Car float 117 Car wreck 369 CARR, Congressman M. Robert 9 CARPENTERA, sa 61 CATREIJ.,, Fred E. 224 Centennial flag 35 Centennial parade 38,115 Champion Fire Extinguisher engine 349 Children's wagon 62,63 Christmas Tea Party 112 Church 296,298,299,300.304 Church of Jesus Christ, LDS 295 Citizen Mutual Ins, Co. employees 257 Civil War cannon 309 Civil War monument 196 Civil War Veteran's 186,188 CLARK, Chester 356 CLEAVYW, .E. 90 Clinton Street fire station 352 Club fun 147 Coats of 1900 403 Cohoctah depot 371 station interior 364,365 Corner Drug store 64 COTI'ER, 432 County Fair 56 Courthouse crowd'. 308, 309 speech 256 Currency Cutting wood Cyclist Deadwood, South Dakota Depot crowd DEVEREAUXM, argaret Diamond Dot ration line Doctor with sleigh Drug store store interior DUDLEYP, ercy EAGER, William Blake Eager farm Early Football uniform Early Howell village Early log cabin machine shop truck East Ward school 356,357,358,359 76 177 402 251 222 287 325 177 119 401 47 78,79,80 426 310 36,37 413 375 70,!97,424,425 ELLIS, Joseph H. Enlnanuel Evangel. Entertainer 311 United Brethern 297 172 Fair Entertainment Fairgrounds Fancy Women Farm family and horses Farm home and family Fashion 1900 1 s Faussett farm FAWCE.'TJIa',m es R. FIELDS, Joseph C. FINLEY, Hugh Fire Fire of 1890 Fire bell station 166,167,176 404,405 156 100 93 307 81 82 137 432 346 344,345 350 350 truck 351,353 First air~lan2 362 traffic siynal 373 train 368,379 truck in Howell 121 First Baptist church 300 Fishing picture 114 FISHBECK,G eorge 401 Fishbeck home 46 FISHER, Geraldine 398 FITCH, Roy 401 Flander's motorcycle 372 FORCE, Howard 401 FORD, President Gerald R. 8 Foot race 168,169 Four Mile Tavern 116 Frog hunting 16 Galloway house 57 GARLANDA, lbert 58 Alfred 58 Edward 58,401 Jepson 58 Garland shop 403 store 178 tailor shop interior 224 Gasoline Train car 371,378 GEHRINGER",C harlie" 436 General McArthur 290 Genoa township float 125 GENTRYH, oward 222 Girls 399 GOODNOWM,r s. Grace 44 Goodnow & Jubb store 240 Governor Dickson 192 Ferris 216 Grand River Avenue 22,23,164,165 414 to 421,446,447 Grand River Avenue in winter 254,255 Grand River street scene 5 GRIFFIN, Senator Robert 9 Grocery wagon 18 2 HAGMAN"M, ike" HAGNI, "Dick" Halloween Hardy United Methodist Harvest Time HART, Senator Philip HEEG, Herman HELLER, "Cliff" Homecoming HOOVERf,a mily Margaret Horsebacl~ Riders Horse and Buggy Horse-drawn Binder HOSLEY, Wi1 1 i am Hosley home House of Prayer HOVEY, Howell airial view Armory baseball team basl<:etball game basketball team Carnegie library Central school City band church 4 435 57 301 72.73 9 106 215 308,309 59 59 67 75,108,363 81 94,95 96 300 232 132,215,440,441 196 424,425,432 435 431,433 237,258,259 397,398 144,314 115,203,205 354,355 212,213,396 Howell City fire hall City map Condensed Milk factory 219 fire 336,337 Howell Electric Motors workers 252,253 Howell Firemen 115 Howell first football team 427 football game 434 football team 435 Howell Foundry 99 Howell Highschool students 137 Howell Hospital 311 Howell Melon Queen 257 Howell Motors Company interior 406,407 Howell O.i:JeraH ouse 178,179 Opera House interior 165 Opera House play 171 Howell Rotary Club 192 Howell School Board 143 Howell team 428 Howell telephone operators 98 Howell Theatre 421 Howell Tire Company 355 Howell Womens Club 40,397 Womens Club play group 442,443 Howell view 70, 71 HUBBLE, 432 Ice cutting 127 Ice skating on Howell Lake 113 Implement shop 412 Irbin's Saxaphone Orchestra 207 JACKSON, Andrew and Claudine 75 Jaclrnon farm 84 JAEHNIG, David L. 4 JEWET'I',C harles 432 JEWETT, CHARLES 175 Jewitt Street bridge "cut" 319 Johnson Drug store 255 Johnson House hotel 220 "Jolly Joshers" 401 JUBBS, 54 Grace 44,191 Roy 191 KAMMERS,t ate Senator Kerry 9 Kellogg log house 86 Killing a beef 88 Kirk's Millinery store 159 KIZER, Thomas Sr. 409 Knight Ternplars 418,419 Knitting group, World War 1, 241 LaFLAMMEN,a ncy 55 LAMOREAUXA,r lene 4 LANCOURH, oward 10 LAWSONE, rnest and Kathryn 89 LEWIS, Lyon 432 LIDDELL, Dr. 188 Lions Club performers 257 Little boys 109 child 124 Little League Baseball kids 254,255 Livingston Co. courthouse 255,291 Jail 317 Livingston Co. Press paper 285,388 Livingston County War Memorial 288 Livingston Hotel front 236 Log cabin home 54,76,108 Log Cabin on Marr road 190 Logging 91 LYONS, Judge Willis 129 Maccabees initiation 284 Masonic Lodge banquet 196 McCLOSKEYD, r. Gerald 199 McMACKEN, "Bob" 434 McPHERSONfa, mily 39 William 39 William the second 257 William the third 67,430 William the fourth 39 McPherson bank 65 bank interior 223 home 40,41 Methodist church 293 Michigan Avenue school 132 3 Milk wagon MILLIKEN, Governor William G. 220 9 222 50 103 417 47 432 122 4 "Miss Michigan" Model "T" car Modern kitchen Monroe Bros. Shoe store MOORE,S usan MORGANO, lin Motorist MOWREYD, ennis National Bank National Guard group NEWCOMBR,a y and Roy New Post Office ceremony North East school Oak Grovc,Mi. Oak Grove depot hotel mill Oceola Giants football team Old bi-plane 421 437 432,436 438,439 132 1}13 363 64 363 429 388 Old car, County County Howell jail courthouse foundry 44,58,232,366,367 313 Howell fountain Howell hospital hospital kitchen operating room Mill inlet pipe Monument Municipal Electric plant Post Office Post Office carriers Railroad coal chute Railroad turntable School Threshing machine Truck Shoemaker O'Leary's Bakery ·an the Beach One room school Original courthouse fire station OSGERBY, W.K. oxen team Parade, car watchers PARKER, Mayor Robert Parker Garage Parking meter 136,312,314 293 261 321 329 330 87 200 42 390 394 385 380 17,139 413 412 409 421 171 130 I 131,133 17 348 432 74 17,125 124 120 10 377 410 Pastor- Wrights Corners church 303 "Potato Bug" gas train . Paving Grand River Avenue Peavy's Mill Peckens log house PETTIBONE,B arbara PFAU, Al Picking Water Lilies 371 221,237 70,71 159 35 395 2 Plan of Early Detroit 12,13 Posters 208,209,210,211 Presbyterian church Prince of Peace Lutheran church Prize Bull of County Fair 305 302 106 Purdy & Woodruff store 352 Racing cutters on the lake REINER,E ric Restuarant River scene ROHRABACHER, RYAN, Golda Sail boat Janet Santa Fe Express wagon Saw mill operation Schroeder-Butka Hardware School children SCHMIIYrG, us 66 286 202 14 30 294 172 386 228 255 133,134,135 142,145 430,431 SHARP, State Senator Thomas SHARPE, Clara G. 8 388 6 317 109 James 401 218 229 20,21 "Sharp Set" of people Sheriff home Shiawassee river bank SHIELDS, Edmund, Frank and Shindorf Blacksmith shop Sidewalk Days in Howell Sketch of Fort at Detroit Snow storm 194-1- Spencer house Snedicor Egg Stnre Sprungtown Hardware St. Joseph catholic church Stage Coach Steam tractor Street Fair float Fair parade STRENG, Paul B. Strobel Grocery 42 56 68,69 320 294 402 74 157 19 346 234 Studebaker car 266,267 Sunday Auto Club Swinming 236,258,259,368 160,161,164 4 Team and Buggy Telephone lines Telephone operators TERHUNEW, illiam Thompson grist mill Thompson lake Three horse team Thureson saw mill fire Todoro's Amber Lounge TOOLEY,B ert TOWNLEY, 74 408 411 283 214 214 105 352 421 432,436 432 Train wreck 338 to 343 304 240 430 Tyndall Memorial church-Nazarene U.S. Navy "Jackie Band" VAN WINKLE, Charles John Adams Veteran's Memorial Veteran's Presentation v. J. Day parade Westphal HardwJre WILHEIM, Robert WILLIAMS,H arry and Louisa WIMBELS,C lark WILSON, Frank "Womenless Wedding" play WOODSF, rank World War Draft Parade World War One camp life funeral soldiers World War Two Honor Roll ¥ELLANDG, lenn YOUNG,I rving Joanne F. Leland Young's Market interior Young & Pohly Market ZEMPERD, uane L. 55 291 289 286,292 320 369 60 432 195 110,111 101 238,239 247 243 242 288 123 432 262 432 67 24,25 15 Note Extra information that can be shown with the item. Such as how to get a physical copy of the item. Use the Windows Snipping Tool to capture the area of the document you want to save. If you want multiple pages printed please see staff to print the pages you want. <a href="https://howelllibrary.org/technology/#print" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the library's printing information.</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Howell Bicentennial History 1776-1976 (Part 3 of 3) Pages 422-448 plus index Description An account of the resource The Howell, Michigan Bicentennial History 1776-1976 Part 3 of 3 Pages 422-448 plus index Contains the index for whole book. <ul> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/241">View Bicentennial History Part 1</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/242">View Bicentennial History Part 2</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/243">View Bicentennial History Part 3</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/244">View Photo Supplement Part 1</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/245">View Photo Supplement Part 2</a></li> </ul> Subject The topic of the resource History Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No Copyright - United States Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jaehnig, D.L. ed Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The American Revolution Bicentennial Committee, City of Howell Michigan Type The nature or genre of the resource Text history https://archives.howelllibrary.org/files/original/175604d375b49ecb9fcf7a9467470c66.pdf f59ff8f5746fdb3fb9956ba18750abb5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Books - Local History Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Hidden Search Text Enter Search Text that is always hidden except to edit. Business and Industry XLOPARKER XLO Parker , one of the county 's largest employers , traces its beginnings to 1910, when an enterprising licensed stationery steam engineer, Andrew E . Parker returned to Howell and opened Parker 's Machine Shop and Garage. The first shop, located in the second block of West Grand River , moved a short time later to 303 East Grand River , where it remained for several years. In this second building , Parker operated a garage and machine shop, with storage of automobiles . Customers entering the shop were greeted by the aroma of fine leathers, used in the upholstery of the early vehicles , combined with the odors of soils and wax . A few of the line shafts from the 224 Business, Industry Coordinator Fred E. Catrell, Exec . Adm . Howell Area Chamber of Commerce for the past nine years, formerly Howell City Clerk and member of the County Board of Supervisors . Fred likes people and since coming to Howell in 1915 has been interested in making the community a better place to live , among other things was promoting the planting of shade trees in our City Park and along the streets • especially to replace the beautiful elms I killed by the Dutch Elm disease . Most of ;; the BOO or more new trees planted l" throughout the City are sugar maples :j which will add beauty and color to streets , :;~ for many years to come . original machine shop are still hanging in the present structure on East Grand River . During the early 1920's, Andrew E . Parker relocated his machine shop operation to South Michigan Avenue, turning the garage over to Ora Parker , a cousin. In his South Michigan machine shop, Parker made dies , jigs and fixtures , did repair work and was one of the first in the area to use acetylene welding. As a master mechanic he kept much of the machinery in the area in working order . Parker continued on from fixture building to the machine tool business , joined in the 1940's by his two youngest sons , William R. and Robert W. Parker . During World War II, they joined in the industrial mobilization for the war effort. Under a sub-contract , they produced all the driveshafts for the Alligators , the first amphibian landing crafts used in the South Pacific . The partnership , A.E . Parker & Sons, moved to its present site on West Grand River in 1946, continuing in the machine tool business and specializing in the manufacture of high production machines for the automotive industry . A.E . Parker & Sons Company merged with Ex-Cell-O Corporation in 1968 and became the XLO Parker Division. XLO Parker continues to manufacture special machine tools and transfer machines . WATSON AND O'LEARY BAKE SHOP AND DAIRY The Watson & O'Leary bake shop and dairy at 113 E . Grand River , a progressive business not afraid to experiment , has enjoyed constant expansion here over the past 50 years , making its biggest leap forward during the past 10 years . Hiram and Emma Watson came to Howell in 1912 starting a cream station on State Street. Later they started making butter and sold milk , customers bringing their own containers . They were the first to pasteurize milk in Howell. In 1924 they took their daughter and son-in-law into the business and purchased the building on Grand River where the business is now located . Mr. O'Leary started milk routes (the first were horsedrawn wagons ), wholesale butter and egg routes , and for a number of years they churned as high as 2000 pounds of butter daily . Mr. Watson and Mr. O'Leary died in 1945a nd Mrs. O'Leary has conducted the business since then , making changes as it seemed best. Mrs . Watson died in 1961 at the age of 96. Mrs. O'Leary sold out the milk routes , sold all dairy equipment , and started a bakery shop, dairy and snack bar in 1952. The biggest leap forward was in 1960 when the retail store was enlarged and remodeled. As a result , the business has doubled and draws customers from all directions . Many customers still remember the peanut butter machine which was used in both stores . Peanut butter was ground from fresh peanuts roasted in butter , and you could have your own container filled. In 1928t he firm started making its own ice cream , selling a three dip cone for five cents. GOULD,INC. By T.B . BARNES, PLANT MANAGER The original building now occupied by the office on Roosevelt Street was built in 1914b y Spencer-Smith Machine Company. The plant was built to machine cast iron pistons and the first pistons on record were built for Ford tractors and Model T automobiles . The plant was added to in 1919a nd again expanded in 1924. The plant was operated by Spencer-Smith until the early 1930's, at which time it was sold to Arrowhead Steel Products Company of Minneapolis, Minnesota . It was run by Arrowhead Steel until 1939a t which time it was bought by Benz Brothers , who ran the company until 1948. While the Benz Brothers owned the plant besides cast iron pistons , they worked on the manufacture of engine valves. They had some problems with the valves that are unknown to this writer. However, in 1948 they sold the Company to Gillett & Eaton in conjunction with White Machine Works as it was known at that time. It is now known as White Motor Company. After the failure of the valve operation by the Benz Brothers they began pouring aluminum pistons from permanent molds for machining at this plant . Prior to this date all machining was done on cast iron castings , which were poured in Lake City, Minnesota, and were sent here by rail car for machining . In 1942, the aluminum connecting rod was introduced and they began pouring and machining aluminum connecting rods for compressors used in air conditioning units . During the war , special government projects were handled in this plant. Sleeves were manufactured for engines , pistons for jeeps and medium trucks were manufactured for the military also . In 1958, Gould Inc . purchased the plant from Gillet & Eaton and continued to manufacture pistons and connecting rods . In 1964, the foundry burned to the ground. It was immediately rebuilt and expanded. Prior to July 1 of this year this plant was part of the Gould Engine Parts Division and since July 1 of 1975h as become a plant of the Foundry Products Division of Gould. Gould is a publicly owned company with over 22,000 employees and with 1974 sales of $740,000,000. The major emphasis and direction of Gould Corporation is in the electrical and electronic products industry which accounts for about 45 percent of the total sales . This plant is an important part of the Foundry Products Division and is important to balance manufacturing capabilities of this division, as well as to the economy of the Howell area. Presentl y Gould supplies cast iron and aluminum pistons and aluminum connecting rods to some of the largest manufacturers of diesel and compressor engines in the country . We also provide aluminum pistons for a limited number of gasoline engines . Products in this plant are currently distributed world wide. REULAND ELECTRIC COMPANY By DAVID H. ANDERSON Reuland Electric Company, 4500 East Grand River , Howell, supplies a cross section of diversified American industry with custom-made electric motors , gears , and special drives, as well as electronic components. More than 200 employees help produce some 30,000 motors at the Howell plant each year . Motors range from 1 horsepower to 10 horsepower and are made to exacting specifications . Other motors up to 100 horsepower are produced at Reuland 's Industry , California plant. Special features are offered in each Reuland unit to enable it to do its designed job . Such custom service is made possible with the " building block" concept , providing thousands of combinations from basic components. The Reuland plant has seen tremendous growth since the opening of the Howell Division in 1953. Today , Reuland has some 52,000 sq. feet in plant size at Howell. THE BEE HIVE SALON Founded in the summer of 1971b y Mas Mardigian , resident of the lovely City of Howell. Serving the most attractive women of the community , thereby doing our part in keeping this city beautiful. MASTER-CAST COMPANY In May 1956, Robert M. Reid, who had built Utilex Corp. in Fowlerville and was general manager , resigned and formed a die cast company with himself as the only employee. The "plant" had been a Bump Shop on Mason Road and owned by Ralph Parsons . One die cast machine , one punch press and a tapping machine were purchased and Master-Cast was in production . In July , the next employee was hired . He was John J. Hughes, Jr. of Fowlerville and he is still with the company , serving as Tool Engineer. In October, 1956 the first women were hired . They were Teresa Bowen and Delores Ebert, both of whom are still working for Master-Cast. The company was incorporated in January 1957 and has continued to grow since . By April 1964M aster-Cast , while supplying parts to the Big Three , now employed about 70 people. On April 15th, however, a very serious fire wiped out the main production area . Six weeks later , the plant was back in production and lost no customers or contracts . Master-Cast continued to grow and in 1973, it was decided that an offer from Wolverine Sales Co. of Detroit to buy the controlling stock would be accepted. Wolverine Sales has 225 handled the sales for Master-Cast for some years . Since the sale to Wolverine , Reid has remained as President , Tom Patterson , president of Wolverine is Master-Cast Vice President and Pete Dryer, Secretary and Treasurer of Wolverine is Master -Cast Secretary-Treasurer . Reid, Patterson and Dryer are the directors of both Master-Cast and Wolverine . In Februar y, 1974, Paul Blinkilde was appointed general manager and became Vice President in 1975. Master-Cast supplies decorati ve and functional die cast part s for Ford , Chrysler and General Motors. Master-Cast now has in excess of 40,000 sq. feet and 110 employees. The managemen t plans to a continued and orderly growth. Eager's Cleaners By DOROTHY EAGER Eager 's Cleaners was started in September , 1939 by Ford and Dorothy (Hughes ) Eager at 114 State Street, Howell, Michigan . In 1941w e moved into larger quarters at 307 East Grand River. That was probably one of the busiest blocks in town. Citizen's Mutual across the street, also Michigan Bell Telephone , Detroit Edison and on our side, St. Joseph Hall, a bus station with busses every hour on the hour, the Howell Theater , the only hamburg shop (namely Midget Sandwich Shop) in town and the Kroger store . Business flourished , the war broke out and dry cleaning was classified as "essential ," inasmuch as it was impossible to buy new clothes, we had to keep the old ones cleaned , among which was Rosie The Riveter's " Bomber Suits" that she wore in the war plants. In 1960 we purchased the property at 807 E . Grand River , where we remained until we retired our business. One of the interesting things that comes to our mind when we were working one evening, which we did a lot of during the war , was Gov. G. Mennen (Soapy) Williams, caught in a rain storm, stopped in to have his clothes pressed as he had a speaking engagement next door at St. Joseph Hall at a dinner dance . Our families were long time residents in Oceola Township and each have a road named after them, namely, Hughes and Eager. Our children are Rebecca Eager Kennedy , James and Mary Ann, with grandchildren , Loretta , Amy, Ted and Jeff Kennedy , Debbie and Julie Eager . The E.F. Young Meat Market By ALMA M. E . YOUNG AND MRS. FROMILDA YOUNG WILSON A number of you will probabl y remember Mr. Young's Meat Market on South Michigan Avenue. It was back of the First National Bank adjacent to the harness shop and buggy and farm implement shops of his two brothers, David L. Youni; and William H. Young, Sr. The banks parking lot is now where these stores were once located . Perhaps you remember that on the left side of the market as you entered you often saw large quarters of beef hanging on larg e hooks. At Thanksgiving and Christmas times turkeys and hams hung there . Chickens, geese , and ducks were placed on the floor beneath on heav y paper used for wrapping meat. You may have been one of the youngsters who stopped in the meat market and asked for a piece of bologna as told about in the following article which appea red in the Detroit News in August, 1943. 226 DETROIT NEWS AUGUST 5, 1943 HOWELL, Mich., Aug. 5-Take it or leave it, but the working man doesn't live as well as he did 25 or 50 years ago, despite his high wages . Assuming that prosperity may be judged by the kind of table the worker maintains , Edward F . Young, of Howell, is in position to argue the contention with anyone , for as Southern Michigan 's oldest butcher (he thinks ) he is still whacking out chops and cutlets upon his meat block at the age of 83 years . Sixty-one years ago, when Young started in the meat business, the average toiler was lucky to make a dollar a day . Now he pockets that much for an hour 's work at jobs that require little or no experience . But does he sit down to more and better food at night ? "He certainly doesn' t," Young replied . " And I'm not taking into account the shortages imposed by war and rationing. His tastes are more exacting today , that 's all. " 59 YEARS , SAME STAND For 59 years Young has operated his meat market in the same building . He still uses his original beef hooks, although he has outworn dozens of saws and cleavers and chopped up several blocks. Today he supplies the needs of the fourth generation of several families who were his first customers . "Back in the old days bologna sold at 8 cents a pound," he said . " It was mighty good bologna, too. Round steak was three pounds for a quarter - stall-fed beef at that. We gave soup bones to anyone who asked , and all sorts of trimmings for dogs. " Sweetbreads weren 't considered edible, and we gave them away in large quantities ," he said . " Most people fed them to their dogs. Liver was also free for the asking. GAVE FORTUNE AWAY " Considering the present price of calves liver , 80 cents a pound, I probably gave away $20,000 worth of it before it became marketable . Pig and beef liver were also waste . You'd offer a customer a whole liver free of charge , and be somewhat put out if he didn' t take it off your hands. Shortly before World War I the public began to accept liver as a delicacy . "Beef tails , now a choice ingredient for soup, were tossed into the refuse can if no one wanted them as a gift. The butcher didn't have time to bother with them, or with other trimmings ." The American youngster of 30 years ago never went hungry , according to Young. If he needed something to munch on between meals , he merely walked into the nearest butcher shop with a "gimme a hunk of bologna." The butcher grabbed a ring off a hook, looped off a considerable section and handed it over . " Now with bologna at 30 and 35 cents a pound, you'd probably call for the police," he said . DEMAND CHOICE CUTS " People today demand lean roasts and center cuts, whereas in the old days they were satisfied with side pork , breast of lamb and the less expensive cuts . Nevertheless, I believe they ate better then, considering their gifts from the butcher and the quantity obtainable for very little money ." Born at Kitchener , Ont., Young started in the meat business because he "liked to cut up things ." It was nothing in those days for a butcher to work 12 to 16 hours a day. Ice provided his only refrigeration, and the box required constant refilling. He made all his own sausages in his spare time, frankfurters included. During the Cleveland Administration Young bought sheep on the hoof for $1 each, and sold roasts and chops proportionately. He operated his own slaughter house then and smoked hams and bacon with hickory bark . Now almost anything is used by the average butcher-even corn cobs. "Today, with war rationing, the butcher feels like a jeweler," he said . "I never believed the day would come when I would have to hide my meat for my regular customers." Beunnann's Furniture The following was published in the Republican paper- Howell in 1902. The grandson, Glenn Beurmann and his wife, Elizabeth, started in the furniture business in 1907, in downtown Howell in the store now occupied by the Livingston Drug Store. In 1927 they moved to the building now owned by Baldwin's Hardware, finally coming to their present location east of Howell. K. Miller Beurmann, son of Glenn Beurmann, and his son, Miller L. Beurmann operate the present business. FIFTIETH MILESTONE OF THE WEDDED LIFE OF MR. ANDMRS.C. E. BEURMANN At their pleasant home in Genoa Township, Wednesday afternoon, February 12, 1902. As the Republican goes to press Wednesday afternoon Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Beurmann are celebrating the fiftieth anniversary of their wedded life at their pleasant and commodious home on the old farm in Genoa, where they settled in 1840. About one-hundred and fifty guests were present and celebrated this auspicious occasion. Howell, Pinckney, Owosso, Webberville, Williamston, Lansing, Flint, etc., were represented. The open hospitality of Mr. and Mrs. Beurmann is well known throughout the county and the large number of guests have looked forward to this happy event with much anticipation. Mr. Beurmann had rigs at both Brighton and Chilson to meet guests and take them back again. At their spacious residence the occasion was celebrated in right roy.:i:t fashion. All went to have a good time and they were J.10t disappointed. Mr. and Mrs. Beurmann were remembered by many presents both useful and costly, thus showing the high est,~em in which this aged couple are held. After an elaborate and bountiful wedding dinner had receivered full justice at the hands of those present, extemporary remarks were made by a number of the guests. C. E. Beurmann was born in Hamburg, Germany, June 1, 1827, where his father, William Henry Beurmann, conducted a merchandile business. When Mr. Beurmann was thirteen years old, his father died in Germany and the mother moved to America and came direct to Livingston County and settled on the old farm, where Mr. and Mrs. Beurmann now live. In the passage over they were ten weeks out of sight of land. The timber was missing from only two acres of the old farm when the family became pioneers in Genoa Township. The new log house was dedicated Christmas 1840. After the death of his mother, a number of years later, Mr. Beurmann came in possession of the old homestead . Fifty years ago, February 12, 1852, Mr. Beurmann was married to Miss Fidelia Hoagland, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Christopher Hoagland, who then lived in Hamburg Township. Miss Hoagland was born in Steuben County, New York. She came with her parents to this county about 1835. The union has been a happy one. To them were born eleven children, of whom six are still living, as follows: Charles E. Beurmann , who married Miss Mary Brown and now runs a livery business in Howell. They have two children-a son, Cline, who is taking a dental course at the University at Ann Arbor and a daughter, Brownie, who is attending the Howell union school. William Henry Beurmann married Miss Rachel Walker and lives in Howell. Mr. Beurmann is in the farm implement business . The names of their two sons are Glenn and Kern. Glenn is clerking for C.A. Goodnow and Kern is in the Howell high school. Edward Miller Beurmann is in the employ of Geo. Hornung, Howell. He married Miss Stella Knapp, of Howell. They have two sons-Max Miller and Ronald. Mary Beurmann was married to Aaron C. Switzer, of Marion Township. They have since moved to Flint and are in the farm produce business . They have two daughters-Millie Belle and Helen. Kinzie Beurmann has a clerkship in the auditor general's office at Lansing. He married Miss Martha Whipple, of Jackson. Bert Beurmann lives on the old farm with his parents. In addition to caring for his fine farm of 220 acres, Mr. Beurmann has been active in politics. In 1876 he was elected sheriff of the county, being the only successful candidate on the Republican ticket. His majority was only one-hundred and twenty. Two years later he was re-elected by a majority of three-hundred and seventy-five. During his four years of service Mr. Beurmann took twenty-six men to Jackson. In 1882, President Arthur appointed Mr. Beurmann postmaster at Howell, which office he held with honor four years. At the close of his postmastership, he moved his family back to the Genoa farm. Mr. and Mrs. Beurmann have been prominent in the history, growth and development of Livingston County. The auspicious event they celebrated Wednesday is a matter of congratulation, not only to their neighbors and immediate friends, but to all the people of the county. May they live and prosper many years yet to come. INDUSTRY IN HOWELL,MICHIGAN COMPANY NAME YEAR . . EMPLOYMENT PRODUCT Advance Glove Mfg. Co. 1973 25 1115 Sutton Ave ., Ph. 546-7942 Attention: Gary Fricke Bruce Products Corps . 1929 25 500 N. West St . Ph . 546-0110 Attention: Stephen Bruce Cast Forge Co. 1969 95 2440 W. Highland Rd . Ph . 546-3441 Attention: Robert Vess Chem-Trend Inc. 1963 59 3205 E . Grand River Ph. 546-4520 Attention : Peer Lorentzen Chevron Asphalt Co. 1953 5 1305 E. Grand River Ph. 546-0850 Attention : Russell File Citizens Insurance Co. of America 1915 260 645 W. Grand River Ph . 546-2160 Attention : Roy Westran Cleveland Metal Abrasive Co. 1938 30 631 Dearborn St. Ph. 546-1820 Attention: Dean Smith Cold Form Development Co. 1974 15 3400 E . Grand River Ph. 546-7800 Attention : Lou Mahoney Cotter Electric Co. 1973 7 160 Catrell Drive Ph. 546-7000 Attention : Wm. or Terry Cotter D & J Gravel Co. 1950 17 4950 Mason Rd . Ph . 546-2810 Attention: David Jonckheere De-Go Tool Co . 1971 5 1045 Sutton Ave . Ph . 546-5293 Attention : Walter Zents Plastic coating gloves Metal Finishing supplies Aluminum Die Castings Industrial Lubricants Emulsified Asphalt Home Off ice -Citizens Ins. Abrasive for Metal blasting Cold Extrusions of Steel Sales & Service of Electrical Products Ready -Mix Concrete and Gravel Tools, Di es, Fixtures 227 Diamond Tibon Plating Co. 1954 49 Chrome Plating 604 S. Michigan Ph . 546-0150 Attention : John Beatty Diversified Packages Div . Pepsi 1972 40 Carbonated Beverage Can Mfg. 730 Isbell St. Ph . 546-6550 Attention: Sam Devos Electric Apparatus Co. 1967 115 Howell Red Band Motors 409 N. Roosevelt Ph . 546-0520 Attention: Mark Goodman Goodyear Retread Plant 1967 26 Retreading Tires 147 Morgan Dr ive Ph . 546-9360 Attention : David Vanderlinden Gould Engine Parts Division 1914 100 Automobile parts & access . 197 N . Elm St . Ph . 546-0050 Attention : Terry Barnes Hackett Corporation 1971 25 Tabulating Cards 1800 S. Burkhart Ph . 546-6530 Attention : Dona Id Haas Haigh Industries Inc . 1969 50 Plastic Injection Molding Plastic Products Div. 3240 W. Grand River Ph. 546-5250 Attention : Robert Gehle, Jr . Haigh Industries Inc. 1965 Light Assembly D iv . 3280 W . Grand River Ph . 546-4767 Attention: Kenn th Thumser Howell Concrete & Supply Co. 1974 339 Harmon Rd. Ph . 546-3480 Attention : Charles Ayers Howell Construction Co. 1947 2450W . Grand River Ph . 546-1980 Attention : Owen Fisher - Russ Rogers Howell Gear-Div . of Teledyne 1948 Howell Penncraft 3333 W . Grand River Ph . 546-0300 Attention : Robert Erickson 54 Tube Fabricating and Assembly work 13 Concrete Products & Building Supplies 5 Road Builders 86 Machine Tools -Cutting Howell Plating co. 1968 5 Chromate & Dichromate Plating 915 Fo w ler St . Ph . 546-0318 Attention : Walter Kleeb International Paper Co.- 1967 160 Corrugated Shipping Container Containers 1450 McPherson Park Ph . 546-1220 Attention : Frank Pratt Livingston County Press 1843 31 111 N.Mich igan Ph.546 -1010 Attent ion : Richard Mill iman Marsden Electric Co . 1972 30 317 Catrell Dr. Ph . 546-6300 Attention : Ray Marsden Master-Cast Co. 1956 120 251 Mason Rd. Ph. 546-9700 Attention : Robert Reid May & Scofield, Inc. 1934 64 627 S. Dearborn Ph . 546-5820 Newspaper -Commercial Printing Transformers Die -Castings, Zinc Metal Stampings When the steam engine came into common use, it was no longer necessary to have a sawmill by a river to get power. All you needed 228 Attention: William Scofield Michigan Metallurgical Prod . 1952 2 Castings -Brass , Alum. , Bronze 2160 E . Grand River Ph. 546-4370 Attention : Edward Sopcak Millsite Tackle Co. 1915 3 Fishing Tackle 1455 N. Michigan Ph . 546-1390 Attention : Don or Jack Hall Newell Companies Inc . 750 Mc Pherson Park Dr . Ph. 546-8430 1974 4 Attention: Lyle Koehler Nyatex Chemical Co . 1971 4 2112 Industrial Dr. Ph. 546-4046 Attention : Wm. A. Hulbert Panhandle Eastern 1963 25 Pipeline Co. 3990 Crooked Lake Rd . Ph . 546-4770 Attention: Charles E . Gregg Pepsi Cola Metro . 1970 22 Bottling Co. 755 s. Mc Pherson Park Ph . 546-5370 Att ention: Charles Frame Plastic Tool Co. of America 1033 Sutton Ave. Ph . 546-3220 Attention : John Miller Seigle , H . D. & Sons 1953 1970 115 University Dr . Ph . 546-9344 Attention : Howard Seigle R & D Screw Products 1943 810 Fo w ler St . Ph . 546-2380 Attention : Wm . or Norm Dymond Reuland Electric Company 1952 4500 E . Grand River Ph. 546-4400 Attention: David Anderson Roadway Tire & Rubber co . 1963 3505 W . Grand River Ph. 546-1530 Attention: Joon Moon 37 10 10 211 6 Taylor Industries Inc. 1960 30 5835 Fisher Rd . Ph. 546-0450 Attent ion: Phil Taylor Tri -State Hospital Supply 1970 25 Corp. 301 Catrell St . Ph. 546-5400 Attention : Nicholas Herceg Warehouse -Newell Co.'s Inc . (curtain rods) Creative Adhesive Systems M ich igan Headquarters -Gas Storage Canning of Pepsi Prod . & Syrup Plastic Tools & Fixtures Tools , Dies, Fixtures Screw Machine Products Electric Motgors and Motor Reducers Industrial Rubber Castings Plastic Products Packaging plant for Hospital Supplies United Cabinet Corp. 1970 3 Warehousing -Kitchen Cabinets 1825 N . Burkhart Rd . Ph . 546-5275 Attention: VCF Packaging Film 1963 91 1100 Sutton AVenue Ph . 546-2300 Attention : Edward Kiernan XLO-Parker Co. 1968 360 ( Div. Excellol 2280 W. Grand River Ph. 546-5330 Attention : John Trumpy Cast Vinyl Film -Plastic Sepcial built machines was an open field with enough room . This picture is of an old steam powered mill taken in the 1890's. Scene from the first "Sidewalk Days" in Howell. Chamber of Commerce By MARGARET STARKEY The Howell Commercial Club was started in 1910. Its president was R.B. McPherson and Secretary , Riley Crittenden. 1914-1915 they were known as the Howell "Boomers Club." August Schmitt, William McPherson, Mac Smith and Paul Uber were active members in getting schools, pavement and lights. May 1919, it was changed to Howell Board of Commerce, thru 1948. 1949 it was reorganized and changed to the Howell Chamber of Commerce and filed Articles of Incorporation for a Non-Profit organization , with the Michigan Securities Comm. Slogans for the City of Howell by the Chamber of Commerce have been: Howell the City of Homes 1915 Howell the City Beautiful 1930 Howell for Happiness 1938 Howell a Better Place to Live 1939 In 1942 Bruce Products Corporation burned and they were pursuaded to stay in Howell by the Board of Commerce, raising $6,000 to aid their rebuilding. In 1943 a membership drive was held with Joe Brady as chairman. Campaign resulted in 111 members. Dues were $5.00 for active members and $2.00 for associate members. The Board of Commerce erected "Welcome to Howell" signs at the east and west city limits of Howell in 1940. In 1945 they purchased the Howell Fair Grounds property, 28 acres for $5,000 with $500 down and interest at 5 percent, for proposed factory sites . During World War II , the Chamber of Commerce sponsored War Bond Drives and sold bonds and Savings Stamps. They also sponsored Scrap Drives. In 1947 they sponsored a big V-J Day Parade. In 1955 they hired the first full time manager , Charles N. Hill of Lansing. To date , they have had five managers-Hill, Phil 0. Pittinger , Harry Ginsburg , Col. Robert E. Benjamin and Fred Catrell . Mrs. Stanley Starkey has been secretary since 1956. In September, 1973, under the leadership of Harold Shippy, they purchased the property and house at corner of Barnard and Grand River tor a permanent Chamber office, after a Building Fund Drive from the membership . PAST PRESIDENTS OF CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 1915-1919 C. S. Line 1964 Donald Rhode5 1924 Charle5 Sutton 1965 Fred Kowal5ke 1925-1931 Charle5 B. Monroe 1966 Harold Shippy 1931 Robert H. McPher5on 1967 Robert Reid 1932 E.N. Baldwin 1968 William Ladner 1937 Charle5 Sutton 1969 Charle5 W. lt5ell 1938 Jo5eph v . Brady 1970 David Ander5on 1939 E. N. Baldwin 1971 Allen Nequette 1940 Miller K. Beurmann 1972 William B. Scofield 1941-1942 Jerome E. John5on 1973 Robert Wood 1943 Joe Fo5ter 1974 Ann Bignell 1943-1944 Le5 Merritt 1975 Jame5 Steven5 1945-1946 Earl Thure5on 1946-1947 Charle5 B. Monroe 1948 Orland Young 1949 Howard Pyle5 1950 Milo Taylor 1951 Charle5 Sutton 1952 Ted Vogt 1953 William Sku5a 1954 Herb Sneed 1955 W. C. Collin5 1956 Clifton W . Heller 1957 Robert B. MacDonald 1958 Dougla5 Swann 1959 Jack Maul 1960 Dean Smith 1961 Harry Griffith 1962 Gerald Harmon 1963 Frank Bignell 1975 OFFICERS James J. Stevens, President, N .S.I. Services Jack L . Shuker, Vice President , Joan Carol ' s Samuel M. Deyo, Secretary , Jack Brown & Associates, Architects Thomas G. Cunningham , Treasurer , Yax Jewelers DIRECTORS Raleigh A . Garcia, Chem -Trend Inc . R . Lee Goughnour, Dancer Co. Department Store Ric hard L. Lavoie, VCF Packaging Films Inc. James H . Leppek , XLO Parker Co. Richard J . Marencic , Citizens Insurance Company of America Mary E . Ryan , The Sewing Basket Radney H. Tucker, Standard Office Supply Robert L . W i llett , First National Bank IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT Ann H. Binell, Station WHMI Fred G. Catrell , Executive Administrator Mrs . Margaret L. Starkey, Executive Secretary 229 Special People CITIZENS OF YEAR Dr . Louis E . May .... Paul Baldwin , Jr . . Wm. McPherson IV . Stanley Dickson Charles W . ltsell . . Clifton W.W . Heller .. Fred G. Catrell ... Joseph V . Brady .. Robt . w. Withey Fred Catrell .. . 1957 . 1958 .. . 1959 ... 196~ .. 1961 ... 1962 ..... 1963 . 1964 .... 1965 Robt. J. Akin .. . . ... .. . ..... 1966 Wm. R. Ladner ..... . ... 1967 Harold Shippy . ........ • .... 1968 Wm. B. Scofield . . . . . .. 1969 Robt. M. Reid ...... . ...... 1970 Marvin (Mike) C. Hagman .. 1971 Hollis Arnold . . . . . ..... . . 1972 Albert Latson .... Charles H . Sutton ... 1973 . 1974 CITIZEN OF THE YEAR FOR 1963 (awarded at the annual banquet-Jan. 15, 1964) By CLIFF HELLER The person we honor tonight has a iife devoted to the service of his fellow men . His influence for the general good of this community is like a strong , quiet wind. Altho unseen you can see its results , it is always there pressing , now strongly , now gently , ever exerting its will. His store of energ y seems endless. He thrives on work, he loves people and has that wonderful ability to calm irate and unhappy people. I have never known him to ask for anything for himself , but often heard him ask things for others . No doubt he has been party to more deliberations and decisions that affect the population of Livingston County than any other person in the past 20 years . Our subject was born in Brighton Township and reared on a farm in Unadilla Township, later working for neighbors on nearb y farms . A business course at Ferris Institute prepared him for his later career . 1915-16f ound him associated with one of the automobile pioneers , Mr. Lucius Wilson, both here and in Vermont. 1916-17w ere largely occuped in the Detroit Post Office and 1918 he was with Ford Motor Company. Near the close of the war he took a position with the Howell Electric Motors Company which continued for nearly 20 years , during which time the growth of the company was very rapid and his responsibilities grew as well. May 9, 1917, 47 years ago this spring he was married to Lucy Cook, and to this union was born two daughters who live in Lansing and Jackson , and one son, a Major in the U.S. Army, now living in Kansas . There are nine grandchildren. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Howell and numerous Masonic bodies. His activity in the Howell Lions Club is well recognized. He is one of the organizers of the Michigan State Planning Association and largely thru his efforts Livingston County has one of the best planning and zoning departments in the state , as a matter of fact it is being used in the state as a model of county planning . He has acted as the Secretary of the City Planning Commission since its establishm ent in 1942 and serves the communit y well by being an unofficial but important well spring of information for the Commission and the Board of Appeals . In the spring of 1940 he ran for public office at the insistence of his friends and was elected as Howell City Clerk . As a measure of his ability let it be noted that in the next 15 years he ran for this office 11 more times and led the ticket in a number of votes every time . 230 In June 1943h e was appointed as City Manager and added to his duties was that of City Assessor for awhile in 1944-45. In 1949h e was appointed General City Superintendent. Between Jan. 1956a nd April he was Acting City Manager . He for many years was the building inspector as well. Combined with all this work were the additional duties of being a city super visor . Taking office first Jan . 1945h e is now one of the oldest supervisors in point of service . Elected Chairman in 1948h e began the process whereby the detention building was constructed and was a member of the committee who actually oversaw its construction . He has been Chairman of the Building and Grounds Committee since 1951 which has complete charge of the maintenance and procurement of all county property , a highly important assignment. During his term on the Board , the holdings of the County have expanded and improved by the addition of new buildings and modern equipment. Our subject has served this city longer than any other official elected or appointed (24 years ). He has served with seven mayors and countless commissions and council members. Respected , loved, esteemed , dedicated , selfless are a few of the words attached to his name by those who worked with him . The problems he works with and has worked with are almost beyond comprehension . Special assessments ; street construction ; condemnation ; parking lots and meters ; fire protection ; sewerage dispos~l ; building codes; charters and amendments ; DPW eqmpment ; taxes and taxpayers ; hospital administration ; parks and recreation ; ordinances ; rubbish collection and disposal ; Christmas decorations ; personnel problems; bookkeeping ; budgets ; zoning-planning ; airport ; cemetery ; building construction ; licenses ; state and federal matching funds ; industrial park development ; police ; pensions ; storm sewers ; elections ; sidewalks ; tree removal and planting ; bond issues ; street lights ; municipal construction ; assessments ; land purchase. . During the past year this community has been workmg very hard to complete the development of an industrial park. At the moment the arrangements are largely completed . Much of this development was accomplished thru cooperation with federal agencies based in Chicago and Detroit . The details to be arranged are unbelievable except to those who have had a close association with such projects . Coupled to this was a bond issue in cooperation with the state highway department. And in addition there were the arrangeme~ts with engineers , contractors and land owners regardmg easements and so forth . Our subject so conducted the negotiations and preparation of the necessary arrangements and subject matter and was so complete in his work that I can confidently sa y the projects could not have been accomplished without his work . Its effect on this community will !:>fea r reaching , and so long lasting as to be a monument to him . He has a wonderful way with people, no one carries in his heart any anomosity for this dedicated man who has devoted so much of himself to the furthering of and the bettering of this community and its future well being . He comes from a line of people who live long lives . May his be long and free from further pain and personal suffering . I gladly surrender to you Fred Grant Catrell the honor of being " Citizen of the Year ," truly you are "Citizen of the Years ." Thank you. (CHILDREN lNFORMATION) Martha Meier- 1035 S. Penns ylvania Avenue, Lansing , Michigan ; Ann H~arer - 2347 W. High Street, Jackson , Michigan ; Fred - MaJor and Mrs. Frederick A. Catrell , HQ 4th Armd . Div.; A.P .O. 326; New York, N.Y. ~otJGHTOF. ( , JJOBN VI~ GILBBIIT, ' ,. i-~-~---J /~ .J!f:-,/1, ,A{(.-.,,.r~~ l'J: ..1....9 0 r i ~-.u i ~4 ,,?/? ····.·.·.·. ... ,tL~.,,;,:___ : P1 ~tof f red P. Schroeder : : --DEALER. IN-- • ' : ---=---- i GBnBHraarId waanrtd6to uFsu6 rnisGhionood s. , f SPECIALTIES: Garland Stoves and Rang-es, Sherwin &; Williams• Paints, Steam Heating and Plnmblnf, Doors, 6'~~~~"""....,_"-,. Sash and Glass, Sewer Pipe and Drain Tile . Hovey in back weighed over 400 lbs. He sat on a board in the car. Every time they hit a bump, he broke the board. The Early 1900' s By C. S. LINE It was early evening when I arrived in Howell, and a fine rain falling, and not too encouraging an outlook. I checked in at The Livingston Hotel, opposite Courthouse, and in morn started to evaluate the town. It was the county seat, situated at the crossing of the Pere Marquette and the Ann Arbor railroad, and on the main road, known as the Grand River , C. S. LINE FAMILY IN HOWELL 1910 to 1930's C. S. Line, who moved with his family to Howell in 1910 and started the original Line's 5 and 10 cent Store, chose the town-over several competitors-for four reasons . 1. Its citizens had just voted the town "dry," thus eliminating 4 or 5 saloons. 2. There were good blacksmith facilities, to attract farmers into town. 3. Howell was the center for a good Rural Free Delivery <RFD) mail system for the neighboring farm population . 4. There were good schools. Just before his death in California in 1960, at age 88, C. S. Line wrote a complete chronicle of his life, starting with his birth in Linesville, Pa. (founded by his great grandfather) where he started his first Variety Store . Later he had opened a store in New London, Ohio, and it was from there that he started scouting for a place to spend the rest of his business life. His wife, Daisy Line, insisted that-wherever they settled- their two small sons, who were just ready to enter school, would start and continue through the entire 12 grades , in one town. Thus the choice of places where to live had to be made with great care, both from the standpoint of a good business community but also as a place to live and raise a family. 232 between Detroit and Lansing, 49 miles west of the former, and 34 miles east of the latter; and the center of the blooded Holstein cattle industry , and the metropolitan trade center for 12 or 15 miles in any direction. We had spotted southern Michig .. n as JUr gu, 1 for business enterprise, after leaving New Lordon Nifh that in mind I had written to several towns for data, among them Lapeer and Howell. The former was 'wet' but Howell was 'dry ,' having just recently gone that way, in a local option election, eliminating 4 or 5 saloons. Though it was quite a bit smaller than Lapeer, we gave it preference on that one point, of being 'dry ,' in our opinion, in bringing up two boys in that improved atmosphere. I got a reply from Lapeer that the town would welcome us and our business; a very encouraging letter , with proferred co-operation. To Howell I wrote to the " leading paper of the town" and it was thrown to the " Livingston Tidings ," as the neutral paper, as set against the Republican and Democrat, on opposite sides of the political fence. I got a negative letter from A. Riley Crittenden , editor of the "Tidings," and he afterwards said the reason he wrote me in that vein was because he didn't think there was room for another store like ours, as the town already had two, Bowman 's and Hill's. My "on the spot" investigation convinced me that Mr. Crittenden's advice was wrong . I found that Howell had the qualifications for which we were looking ; good schools, no saloons , adequate blacksmith shops for the farmers , and a network of RFD routes radiating over the contiguous territory. As a result of my investigations, I said as Brigham Young did when he looked over the Salt Lake Valley : "This is the Place ." Having made my choice, I set to work at once to make plans materialize into action. The hotel I stayed at, fronting the courthouse square, presented an inspiring view across the street, with the numerous maple trees in full leaf , so early was the spring that year . I found that a room in the hotel block was for rent soon, as a picture-show therein had found another location . I looked up the owner, who owned the whole hotel block, a Thomas Gordon, Jr ., who proved to be mayor of the town, and from him I got 100 percent cooperation then and thereafter , in my many business dealings . He leased me the room in question, at $25 per month , and in consideration of my paying six months in advance , he got a carpenter and according to my specifications the two front display show windows were modernized, at no extra charge . The two other front store rooms in the hotel block were occupied respectively by the hotel office on the east and the E. A. Bowman general store on the west. The Bowman store carried a smattering assortment of variety goods in connection with his dry goods, which I bought out a few days later and added to my own stock of new goods from New York, for our opening a few weeks later . This Bowman was one of my competitors that Crittenden had in mind when he wrote to me the previous month as to prospects in Howell. My other competitor was V. E . Hill, at the other end of Grand River , and he and his successor , Tom Martin, so remained all my business career in Howell and I got along with both on the most friendly terms . I got a photographer to go out with me to a leading raiser of the Holstein breed , to get a shot of John Worthington's herd , as basis for reproducing in a post post card through out German connections , to add to the collection of local cards I expected to stock . Each night I spent hours writing home my operations so far , in the hotel office, until the night clerk would remind me come midnight , that it was time to close. In the meantime Daisy and the boys were staying back in New London, until I gave the word to come, which I did soon thereafter , and upon arrival, we rented accommodations at Mrs. Wright 's boarding and rooming house, that, too, opposite the courthouse, but on another street , until I should have located our own domicile. This I at once set out to do, and finally found a newly built house near the store , and rented it for $7 a month . It was located on South Barnard Street, just south of Grand River , and was owned by Seth Ruppert. In addition to its two stories, it had a full-sized floored attic, which our two boys and their friends used for all kinds of grand play activities, especially in bad weather . Our household goods arrived from Ohio and, since they were not many, they were brought over in one huge dray . load, by a horse-drawn dray, and we were once more set up for living. There being but a nominal difference in the ages of our two boys, we held Winfield back so they could enter school together , and so keep along parallel through the rest of their schooling, and further , it was our aim to locate our living arrangements through their growing years that they might continue with the same system from the primary grades through to their graduation . Both of these objectives were met. Their first primary contact was Goldie Holt, with whom they started , and it was largely through her knowledge in handling small children that the boys were given the initial interest in the primary department, that carried through the whole course, through to their graduation in 1922. Goldie devoted her whole working life to the science of teaching the primary grades-some 40 years and has to her initial credit many of the successful men and women of today. She, upon retirement moved to California , and has called on us at our home in Altadena . We feel indebted to the teachers of other of the earlier grades-Ethel Dean , Karen Hansen particularly, in giving of themselves to impart the urge to learn to their young charges, for they were exceptional teachers , and our heart-felt thanks go to all three mentioned, and the appreciation of our boys in acquiring a measure of this world's success by reason of having been started on the right track. We opened what I called "The Home Goods Store" on Friday, May 13th, 1910, and despite the weather and alleged 'bad luck' associated with the day and date , the opening was auspicious. The months were reversed , as between April and May, and it snowed in May. From the Rupert house-our first in Howell-after less than two years , we rented the Shields house on State Street and held that down for some length of time as did the Rupert house. It was here that Winfield and I made a trip to Detroit and bought a pony, to which we gave the name of "Beauty "- with small wicker phaeton, with harness and all else that went with it, for $150. We drove it home; most of the way, however, Winfield and I walked, to relieve the little beast, as no pavements and hard pulling through dust and sand. The trip took us three days , with overnight stops at two towns between . The Shields place offered good accommodations in the summer season, as back yard was enclosed but, even so, Beauty at times would chew or tear to pieces clothes hung on the line. The little rascal soon learned, when passing the store, to not budge another inch until he had been fed his chocolate cream . Come fall, we had no winter stable, so sold "Beauty ." More years went by, and we bought the old homestead, called " The Hickey House" (N.E . corner of State and Monroe) from Bruce McPherson. It was an over-size house, but old, situated on a corner lot, entirely surrounded by maple trees , and far too large for us, but we bought it for a song, so to speak . It was while living here that we bought our first car , a 4-cylinder Buick, as here we had a 'barn' in which to store it. It cost us $555. We ran it 25,000 miles and used it for 5 years . (That was in 1916). Our first family trip was to Mammoth Cave and back- 1,140 miles, which we made O.K. discounting taking along a back rack of spare tires , for the best would blow out in less than 2,000 miles. I remember that the 12 miles into the park was 6 inches deep with mud, and so impassable that an old couple that we met had turned around and gave up, as afraid they couldn't make it through such a quagmire. We made it however, and enjoyed the experience. Upon our return trip home we stopped at the house, and was shown through by the hostess guide across the river from Covington, the historic house in which Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote "Uncle Toms Cabin." At another historic spot, an old southern mansion, we passed and stopped, known as " My Old Kentucky Home," where Stephen Foster wrote his never-to-be-forgotten ballads . With our new car, of course, it behooved us to "take the bit in our teeth" and drive into and through the city of Detroit. When we crossed Woodward Avenue from Grand Avenue, I ran into the rear wheel of a peddler 's wagon. A policeman stood on the corner watching, but made no move to challenge or arrest me inasmuch as no damage was done other than denting my front fender . Harking back to the late summer of 1910, the year we located in Howell a 5 and 10 cent convention was held in Cincinnati, which I attended, and it was then and there the ground-work was laid for the later forming of a group of five and ten cent associates into a buying organization to be known as The Consolidated Merchants Syndicate , with buying offices in New York, of which I became member no. 314, with an official rubber stamp----"C.M.S." The head office issued voluminous weekly bulletins from manufacturers all over the United States, in wanted goods in the trade, all by makers, no jobbers. The service cost $300 a year. From the time I went in, until we sold out to the D. & C., in 1942, I continued as a member, with substantial benefits, I thought. At the convention cited above, we were each furnished with the official badge of 5 and 10 cent merchants, so we looked very impressive. Theodore Roosevelt visited Cincinnati at that time and we got notice that he would detrain at a 233 Closing of the Strobel Grocery to start the building of the new Line lOc store . suburban station to avoid the crush at the union station. So a bunch of us repaired out to that suburban station , but were not allowed on the platform . However, "Yours Truly " jumped down a 6-foot wall to make it, and once on the platform and mixed with the official welcoming committee, I was indistinguished from them, with MY official badge , and so the police passed me right through with them . Therefore I met and shook hands with the colonel, who greeted me with his slogan , " De-lighted! " The convention lasted three days, with much of interest occurring, but when it broke up, I was loaded with all the samples I could carry from exhibitors who didn't want to ship same home. I had to change cars at Toledo, and by time I got home that night, after 11 o'clock, I knew I had been somewhere. Continuing my main narrative , before the first world war broke, Thomas Gorden proposed to sell me the whole Livingston Hotel block, for $11,000, and I took him up, turning in our big house at just what it had cost, as token payment- $3,200. W. D. Adams, dry-goods merchant , who had bought out E. A. Bowman , thereafter paid his $40 store rent to me, rather than Gorden . Mrs . Van Keuren operated the hotel, and I raised her rent slightly, from $70 a month to $1,000 a year. Through the entire hotel regime of five years , I never made any visible profit, with so much continual outlay for repairs and replacements , but when war was on and prices inflated I sold the whole outfit to W. D. Adams for $16,500,t hus cleaning up a tidy profit over-all. Thereafter I paid my rent to Adams instead of him to me. Gorden , by cementing basement and a new floor, inside toilet, and other improvements over the years , had raised my rent up to $30 a month, and after having acquired ownership , I had started debiting the business with $40, toward the 'kitty! In the very early days of our Howell regime, we had always heretofore in towns we had occupied, observed the formal 234 closing time at 9 p.m. However, in Howell I inaugurated 6 p.m. closing of other stores, including our own, to coincide with those in the dry-goods industry . I invented an alarm clock arrangement set to turn off lights at 9 p.m., but we closed at 6 every night except Saturday. The press and Board of Commerce took my idea up and urged all to install the alarm clock gimmick , which they did, and eventually, all stores closed at 6 from then on. Another early innovation in Howell was the installing of gas cars on the Ann Arbor Railroad , with Howell as a ter - minal , and sheds therefore overnight storage of the cars , as they ran only in daylight hours . They would stop at any highway crossing in the area, upon notice to the conductor and ·were quite a convenience . Daisy , I, and the boys, on a Saturday or Sunday , would ride out to a pre-determined crossing, to gather hickory nuts, or other seasonable rural products . In our early days in Howell we as a family began going to Island Lake every Sunday . At first we made the trip on the 10:10 a.m. Pere Marquette train , which would stop at the Island Lake "station " to let us off, and pick us up if we flagged the engineer . But later we began hiring a surrey from the livery stable, taking along oats to feed the two horses, while we had wonderful picnic lunches of potato salad and sandwiches , which Daisy prepared . On these Island Lake trips, we were often accompanied by Anna Andersen , and sometimes by the Hamilton girls , Thelma and Dorothy . We leased a large part of the east side of the lake for $5 a year. To have purchased it would have cost $200. In the first years of our moving to Howell I was elected president of the Chamber of Commerce and re-elected for several terms thereafter, with A. Riley Crittenden as secretary. It was during my regime in that capacity that Howell was given city mail delivery, and Riley, the inspector, and myself , with the driver, drove over the streets of Howell, mapping out the respective routes of the three original carriers , which still obtain to the present day, with added routes , of course. Also, during my incumbency of office on the Board of Commerce , or, Commercial Club, as we called it, I was selected as one of a committee of three, to solicit funds for a site for the Spencer-Smith Machine Company plant, in which we succeeded; and the Spencer- Smith on one side of the Ann Arbor tracks with its sister factory, the Howell Electric Company , on the other side, were then and still are , the leading industrial concerns in the city. Howell, you may infer, was later incorporated as city , by popular vote . I was on that initial committee, too. With the oncoming of the war years and for some time thereafter, sugar was not rationed , but was in short supply . We helped to satisfy that sweet-tooth longing that all Americans seem to have, by supplying wholesome candies at popular prices. We had experimented with it in a small way , enough to recognize that it was a legitimate stock in trade that we should not neglect. Therefore we went into it in a big way , with the latest in modern show-cases, several sets of Toledo scales , glass dividers and everything that goes with a well run and scrupulously clean department catering to the most discriminating patronage . I acquired exclusive sale in the city of E. J . Brach's products, of Chicago, with exclusive also with independent makers through my C.M.S. connection . Also, I had a continuing agreement with a peanut processing plant in Toledo, by which, if ordered a day in advance and the goods were on the loading dock in 'roledp by 4 o'clock in the afternoon , they would come through to Howell on the "Cannon-ball" freight and be taken out of the car in Howell by my drayman the next morning, of a Saturday , thus being received by us for that days sale, strictly fresh. People came to know that candy or peanuts bought from us, were ALWAYS fresh , and that slogan was never violated , and I don't remember ever having not gotten our keg or barrel of peanuts on time , each and every Saturday morning . We sold a keg or a barrel each Saturday. Our candy and peanut output was truly remarkable for a small town. The two combined once in awhile rolled up into a total of $125 for Saturday, which alone , constituted half the whole weeks sale. I always had an alert girl on her toes behind the candy counters on Saturday , and sometimes two of them , with occasionally myself taking my stand there , for it is close attention to weighing out candy in 5 and 10 cent sale s that makes for either profit or loss, and we always had the closest cooperation and attention to those little details , with periodical official inspection of our scales for fine but honest measurement. We handled nothing but quality candies, the hard kinds in great variety , selling at 10 cents per pound; and choicest selection of chocolate creams at 40 cents per pound. I remember once in Chicgao touring the Brach factor y in person , I bought over $700 of chocolate creams, without batting an eye, and they , nor any other sorts that we handled were ever permitted to go stale , else they were withdrawn from sale . We had fine cool and dry storage in the basement , as Gordon had fitted it up. The candy department was the most profitable part of our business , over the years . I always thought that older help was more efficient and responsible than the younger, with individual exceptions of course , and with my wife, I had the old standbys , Mrs. Burdick and Mrs. Hight, with Fern Pettibone , I thought I had quite a team for the rush day of Saturday . Later on, when our sons were at the University in Ann Arbor , I engaged them to hitch-hike a ride up on Saturday to help, if they could get away, and paid them $5 apiece , and really needed them desperately . In visiting a fellow merchant , in Iowa, one time who had a bevy of young girls flitting about, I told him my regulars were 70 years. He threw up his hands in horror. A year or two thereafter , he went bankrupt . Draw your own conclusions. Mrs . Burdick was mother of Mrs. Roy Caverly ; Mrs. Hight was mother of Bird Hight. During our early Howell years , when my wife came down on a Saturday to help out, she would bring the little fellows down to the store and put them to sleep in clothes baskets under the counters. In the days when we had the pony, they would go off for the day on country roads, with their cousin, Clarence Stevens, knowing they would be safely occupied for hours , while she was at the store. On such occasions customers would come in and say they had seen our boys, with their pony, on such and such a road , when we would reassure them that they had our permission . Clarence was only five years older than Winfield, but that five years made a big difference. Clarence was a born horseman , and he could control "Beauty " with no trouble at all . However , when Winfield tried to assume the role of boss , over anything to which " Beauty " objected, she rebelled , and one time she took a tiny bite out of Winfield's ear-lobe , and I think the scar still remains . That was one reason we let Beauty go, for, without Clarence , when he went home, we were not sure of Beauty 's reactions when in a contrary mood. While we were still in the Shields house , one Sunday the boys decided to go for a walk down the Pere Marquette railroad tracks , unbeknown to us, of their intentions , though we had never restricted their reasonable actions in any way . This was in the early forenoon. As dinner time passed , we became concerned , and by mid-afternoon genuinely worried . We confided in the neighbors and all turned out to hunt , walked around the lake , something that the boys and I had done many times, and investigated all sorts of possibilities , but before I had decided to call up the authorities , in came the pair, somewhat bedraggled and hungry , as they had nothing to eat since breakfast. Winfield at the time was probably 10 years old and Francis 1 ¼ years younger . It seem s they started down the track not noting the passage of time, and kept walking , walking , and walking, until they cam e to the village of Brighton , which they knew was over 10 miles from Howell. Then, they became really frightened , with that 10½ mile walk back , but they buckled to it, and made it, but it was a salutory lesson , better than a whipping . We were so relieved that we made their bed (after stuffing them with a good supper ) upstairs beside us , which they thought was silly, to treat them as babies . HOWELL SIDELIGHTS We saw two total eclipses of the sun in this era, something not seen in a lifetime by many people . The first one, a night drive we made to Ann Arbor , picked up the boys in time to drive to Midland , pick up Myra , then on to Evart , where occurred the eclipse soon after daylight , then reverse back home. The second one was years later , in New England , we drove up there and got a good stance on a hill in New Hampshire for the event , then toured horn via Lake Champlain and Ticonderoga , and other historical points. The milk factory (Bordens ) in Howell burned while we were in the McPherson house, from where the fire was spectacular. D. and I got up and went over , and how mad the boys were afterward that we didn't wake them instead of leaving them sleeping . This was a big loss to Howell, but it was bridged for a time by shipping the daily milk to the Lansing factory in glass-lined refrigerator cars . Two years citizens appointed a "Fireworks " committee the 4th of July , with Ed Garland , Dr. Huntington , and C. S. Line members thereof. We collected several hundred dollars and I contracted with Brown Eag_er of Toledo, to furnish the 235 works, which I billed at cost, and Brown Eager sent a man up to put on the exhibit. We negotiated with Henry Ford for the orator of the day, but his secretary brushed us off. In the years of 1915 and 1916 I took a series of cycling trips with the boys: First, the round trip by bicycle between Howell and Linesville, a total distance of about 700 miles . This was in 1915. Francis was only 11 years, and legs so short he had to have a smaller machine, tailored to his needs . We made the trip without incident, and put up at the Travelers Hotel, while in Linesville , and a day or two sufficed to let us canvas the town and vicinity, call on friends and visit the old haunts of their parents in earlier days before we hit the return trail. The next year we biked to Chicago and Milwaukee, and return . At about this time a company was formed in Howell to film and produce a moving picture and it was done, with a socalled expert from Toledo to conduct operations . The star of the play was Mabel Tallefaro , and the name of it was "Miss 13," or " A Fight for a Million." I went out on a country during filming and saw a house blownup. It really was quite a creditable production. The boys, in their travels in after years, saw it in San Francisco, and claimed they recognized me in the "Courthouse riot scene, " and so they might have, for I was there . When the old central high school was ready for demolition, it was used as the locale for a dramatic "fire" scene, with smoke pouring from the windows. It was at about this juncture that Marion Leroy Burton, president of the U. of M., came up to our town to deliver an important speech. Accompanying him was Ruth Bryan Owen, daughter of " The Great Commoner, " who was to make just a few " preliminary remarks." "Like father, like son," goes the old canard. The same goes for daughter. Anyhow, Ruth went on and on, and on, for an hour or more until the time had long passed for Burton 's appearance, and The Sunday auto club posing in front of the Hotel before taking off on a Sunday afternoon drive. he was a busy man , and had stolen his time for the special occasion, but he had to make an appointment , and so was forced to get up and leave , without uttering a single word. Of course Ruth was properly mortified , but any number of apoligies would not bring back that hour of time. The decade of the 1920's brought exciting experiences, changes, and adventures in our lives. With two sons in high school, I was elected to the Board of Education and served as its secretary for two years. The old Central School building on Michigan Avenue had been torn down and a fine modern new building erected on its site. During the construction process a temporary structure had been built on a large vacant lot across from our Sibley Street home. Much of the work had been done by students , and my son Francis was hired for the summer as a regular carpenter to work on it. Claude V. Courter had been an excellent superintendent for years and when he announced his transfer to Flint, in 1922, it fell to the board to select a successor . After interviewing many applicants, we engaged Mr. John Page. When our sons graduated , at the head of their class, in 1922; I felt that I should resign my seat on the board so that someone with children in school could be elected in my place . Our two boys, before entering the University of Michigan, spent 13 months hiking to all 48 states of the Union. They traveled 27,000 miles , catching many rides but having to hoof it a lot too. Francis wore out six different pairs of shoes but Winfield came home with his original pair, which had been repaired many times . The boys worked their own way, in the wheat harvest of the Dakotas , far underground for three months in a silver mine in Idaho, icing railway fruit cars, picking hops in Washington State, plus many other jobs. Between their sophomore and junior years at the University our boys took a similar 13-month trip , but this time around the world. Last leg of their journey was acros s the Pacific from Japan, and when their ship docked at Seattle , Daisy and I had driven cross-country and were on hand to meet them and make the journey back home with them in our car . Both boys graduated from the University in February of 1928, and in May and June, respectively, both of them were married. So the year 1928 neared its close . We had opened another store on Grand River, in Howell, in the Gregory building, known as the West-End store, to distinguish it from the original store in the East End . The former store was given into Francis ' hands for management , the original one being managed by Winfield. Both jointly , within the next year , opened the Brighton store, after having built the building to house it. All these enterprises were based on my capital, name and credit, with individual management and responsibility lodged solely in the hands jointly of Winfield and Francis , with a tentative arrangement that all profit, if any should revert to the two boys, 50-50. So the situation stood, the year following their marriage . It had been my custom in former years, at the close of the December business, including the Christmas harvest, to bring my big safety bank box home for family examination , with bonds, stocks, merchandise inventories and other material possessions to evaluate, and that analysis of 1928 net, showed a net worth of some less than $70,000, which represented the peal of material assets of my life, just prior to the 1929 'c rash .' It was time to consider a long vacation, for which see next page. After selling our home ( the former Hickey-McPherson place ) in connection with the purchase of the Livingtston Hotel Block, we continued to live in part of the house until we bought a smaller house at 209 West Sibley Street. This place was nearer our work (we always walked to and from our home to the store ) and we later remodeled it into an attractive home . Soon after we had located in the West Sibley home, a Rev . E . C. Moore, with his wife and family, rented the premises next door. His church , the Evangelical , was located just around the next corner, but the church vacant lot was directly across the street. On this lot, with the help of parishioners , Moore in person planned and built a parish house and parsonage , and he and family moved into the latter , shortly. Our fortunes were largely tied up with the Moores for many years, in their various successive moves , for we were with them ever in spirit, with many visits to Detroit , Jackson , and eventually to Youngs Point, in Ontario , Canada. This latter church parish was some 440 miles from Howell. We made the trek at least three times , crossing the river at Port Huron , and thence via "The Kings Highway, " to Laying the cement for paving in front of the Library. our destination, skipping Toronto by three miles. Once we deployed through the province of Quebec, with its quaint customs and religious statutes on the cross , at every fourcorners. Those days with the Moores were and are among our happiest recollections . To pay in part for our entertainment we took water trips out of Youngs Point, which is the center of a far-flung water-world, we as hosts. I always contrived to bring a roll of Canadian quarters, which we had accepted over the counter at 20 percent discount, whereas they could use them at par. We helped finance the daughter through college. The business boom of the early 1920's and unknowingly , speculation and people spending more than they earned was laying the foundations for the worst and longest depression this fair land ever had . Being 'cash', our business was not particularly affected by economic ups and downs, but the current decade embraced the most successful years of our business life. As in our Linesville , Pa . and New London, Ohio stores, post cards formed a substantial part of our income , which, with candy and peanuts, jointly, were our mainstays, and the two departments I had in the front of the store , at right angles from each other. We devoted ourselves to the business and long hours, when the public wanted to spend its · money, and had it to spend. Withal, Sundays , after Sunday School, we devoted to recreation and would sally forth with our linen dusters and other sports paraphornalia about the country highways and byways , for day trips. The boys, under the tutorship of their gymnast instructor, attended Sunday School, and as an incentive, the satisfying gym exercises following. In the early 1920's I was put up for mayor on the nonpolitical ticket, but beaten by a small majority, 20 votes I think, and so avoided a lot of grief. It was in 1920t hat a committee got together to create a new banking institution , this to be a national bank . The two already in town were both state banks . They importuned me to join them, which I did. They had already tentatively thought to call the institution , when formed , " The Farmers Bank ." I demurred, on the ground that it smacked as appealing to a class , whereas we wanted to draw from all segments of the populace, whereupon I suggested the name of " First National Bank ," as of broader import and, with all a substantial and solid name, and my suggestion was adopted and the bank was formed and so named, with Louis Hewlett as president , I as chairman of the board , and E . A. Fay as cashier, with Will Reader as an officer . Therefore I put in my $1000,w ith a like sum from 100 others, making a total capital of $100,000, and it served its clientele well, until the bank closings of 1933, after which a reorganization took place . 237 World War I The men of the first draft of W .W. I march from the Court House toward the main four . From there, they went to the station at the Pere Marquette (now C&Ol to entrain for Detroit to be outfitted. The U .S. Navy " Jackie " band plays at the main four to promote enlistments and the sale of Liberty Bonds . 240 While the boys were over there, groups of women got together to knit scarves and mittens for the boys . World War I By FRANCIS RAYMOND LINE, COPYRIGHT 1975 My years as a teenager were filled with the exciting routine of a small farming community in southern Michigan, surro unded by tantalizing woods and lakes and winding dirt roads. It was not only the time of my own teens, but also the teen years of this aging twentieth century. Teen years are both miraculous and monstrous. They seem to live themselves out as a beautiful melody of bewildering discords . They are sometimes a tempting goulash of dreams but can almost instantly turn into a Noah's Ark of wild beasts. The teen years are a confusing, wonderful, and furious period of life. I suppose all of living is both sweet and sour, but it seems to smart or tingle more during the time of the teens. All of this was true of me as a young boy, who now looks back at himself from a vantage point of three-score-and-ten ___... .,__ ___ ;... . The hair got short at boot camp . enlightenment. It is equally true of this wheezing twentieth century, which is also turning gray at the temples . This century's teen years-particularly from 1914 through 1919-were critical for America and the world. My own teen years paralleled them closely as I grew into long trousers while going to school and working in my father's store in that little town hemmed in by lakes and pastures . These were precious , pregnant , poignant times-the Years of World War I. The nation, the world, and I-even the quiet town where I lived-w ere all making-and being made by-history . This is a teen 's eye view of those times in that small town. THE YEARS OF WORLD WAR I The first World War didn't really Legin for me when that bullet killed Archduke Ferdinand in 1914 and got all of Europe clawing at each other . For me, it started with the Hughes-Wilson Presidential Campaign , fought out amongst the farmers and business people of Livingston County, of which our town was the county seat. I was nearly 13-a 7th grader in Howell's old Central School on South Division Street. When we all became more sophisticated after the war, a fine new school was built and the name of the street changed to Michigan A venue. Europe had been fighting for two years and stirrings of it sometimes seeped into my consciousness . The family of my close friend Herb Pfau had memories and relatives in Germany, and he paid more attention to what was going on over there than I did. I first learned about the Battle of Jutland from him. But to me, the fighting seemed a long way off . My folks ran the Five and Ten Cent Store next to the Hotel Livingston across from the Courthouse . On Saturday nights , 241 It's over-over there . And the boys came marching home. especially, the hitching posts at our end of town were nearly always filled. Farmers liked to hitch near our place because our store carried a lot of the things they needed-suspenders , work socks, pitchforks, and things like that. The farm wives always needed percolator tops, a galvanized bathtub, or sometimes a pair of spectacles which we sold and fitted for a dollar a pair. They tested the glasses with fine print in one of the Bibles which we also carried . One woman once got so interested in reading the Bible that she bought that too. Our place was really a Variety Store, although probably over half the things in it cost only a nickel or dime. Near threshing time the farm women would come in and stock up with a whole new supply of huge Dennis coffee cups along with plates and dishes. But Saturday night meant much more than stocking up for the week. Our store and the wide sidewalk in front of it were usually crowded with people just visiting and enjoying themselves. Saturday night was a sort of business-mixedwith socializing occasion along the two blocks of stores on Grand River Street. It was the chance, also, to catch up on news. Mostly, the news was about things close to home such as the late corn season or the runaway team out on the Pinckney Road. There was increasing speculation about the self-starters on some of the autos beginning to appear in Howell. One huge event, in 1915, upset that calm for a while. German subs sank the Lusitania , with a lot of Americans on board. Grand River Street shivered with excitement and the rural party lines were overloaded for several days . But after that , things settled back again toward crops and weather and wondering if the hitching posts would be taken away from Grand River if the street was ever paved. I don't remember very much about what went on in Europe , until late 1916. Then the big thing happened-Charles Evans Hughes challenged Woodrow Wilson for the Presidency . Wilson promised to keep America at peace. "Be prepared," was the slogan on the other side. The Detroit papers began printing big battle stories . War talk mixed heavily with the Saturday night socializing along Grand River. People began heating up about politics . In all the election excitement, the European 242 fighting seemed to creep closer and closer. Outcome of that election began to mean a lot to everyone in Howell. The stakes were high, and pretty soon the tensions in Howell were too. We kids got more excited over the election than over the war . I think we took it more seriously than the grownups , and fought over it every morning on the school grounds . Not with our fists, but hit-the-ground hard wrestling . We were in earnest. We even went to school early so there would be longer to fight. This is the only time I can remember doing that sort of thing . My father later became a Republican, but for that election he was a Democrat. Our folks didn't want America to go to war . I had one brother , Winfield, who was in the same grade with me. He and I, and Carl Weinmaster, were the main kids on Wilson's side. Carl was the blacksmith 's son, and almost as big and strong as his father. His arm muscles swelled and rippled like the big bubbles in the pans of chocolate fudge we used to boil on the kitchen stove . We (my brother and I and Carl 's muscles ) nearly always had the political advantage . Wilson would have been proud of us. After the polls closed on election night , my father went downtown to get the returns . I don't know where he went , or how those returns came in. No radio or television , of course , I suppose the telegraph office, or one of the weekly papersthe Livingston Republican or Livingston Democrat-was getting tabulations. My mother and my brother and I stayed up late, but Win and I were deep in sleep when my father came home . Next morning he woke us up early and sat on the edge of our bed. " Hughes won," he told us. " I just hope the country will give him better support than they've given to Wilson." Pop's face looked pretty grim . But soon we weren 't so certain that Hughes had come out ahead . The Detroit papers, each day , brought later news of the results. Wilson began nibbling away at Hughes ' apparent victory . We would grab the Detroit News just as soon as it came each afternoon , to see who was in the lead . I think it was about three weeks before final returns dragged in from some isolated mountain county in California, that at last kept Wilson as president. Wilson won all right, but the European war began getting even bigger and closer. Germany announced "unrestricted submarine warfare ." The people in Howell, and the farmers on Saturday nights , talked about it a lot and wondered what it would mean. It meant WAR. The lakes and the pastures around Howell were just shaking themselves loose from winter when, in early April of 1917, extras came out from Detroit with huge scary black headlines : Congress Declares War on Germany . From then on, with the grownups-but especially among us kids-the name of Kaiser Wilhelm fell below that of the devil himself . He WAS the devil. He became the favorite villain in a lot of the games we kids played after school. A picture of a German military spiked helmet almost made us throw up. War effects started showing up in Howell right away . Little red-bordered service flags, with a blue star on white, began appearing in the windows of homes-and some stores . Before fighting was over, a couple of fellows from our class-Floyd Hubbell and Joe Mevis-had enlisted . Outside our school, hanging alongside the American flag, an enormous Service flag, as big as our livingroom rug , told everyone that our school had done its share . The flag had seventeen blue service stars . Just before Christmas , 1917, a rumor spread that an airplane was flying every night from Clements Field to Camp Custer and passing right over Howell. I had seen an airplane once before-i t had been shipped in and uncrated for an exhibition flight at the County Fair . But for the first three days the pilot had been too frightened to go up. The wind was too strong , he said . But the last day of the fair he took off from a field near the racetrack and made some perfect circle s up above the grounds before landing . Pop said it was a dandy . Not all the boys came marching home . Some were brought home in a long box . And now, to think that a plane might be flying over Howell every night. The alley behind our store, after dark , was filled with soft velvety blackness . It was a quiet, deserted world back there , which wasn 't visited much at night unless someone had to go to the privy . But I would go out there , sometimes for a long time, to search the sky. Once I was sure I saw the plane's light, but when it just stayed there in the blackness and didn't move for ten minutes, I concluded it must be a star . Things like that , though, got us excited . A World War is a brain-searing experience , especiall y for a sensitive young boy. Some of the things that happened pounded deep and forever into me, and landed eventually in the history books of the world. Those were fated times . But through the distorted magnifying glass of sixty years , some minor events can become large , while important happenings can get blurred or misplaced , or even lost completely. Exact dates and chronology have a way of floating around through the brain and landing on the wrong pages of the calendar . When I started rummaging through my memories with the tweezers of recollection , I was able to reconstruct a sweeping general picture of the big news storie s, the day-to-day minor problems (though large to us) which the war brought on, and the grim or exciting happenings that made Howell an important part of the picture canvas of World War I. I wrote it all down, and am glad I did, although my mental calendar of those years was still too scrambled . Then I replaced the memor y tweezers with a fine tooth comb, like one of those black, flat hard-rubber combs that my father used to use. It is amazing what fragments can be caught by fine-combing the memory. Back there-wa y back sometim e- I had kept a boyhood diary - at least a sporadic· one. There was no recollection that it had ever been destroyed. 243 From combing through memories, I turned physically to digging through several large long-forgotten boxes, stored in my California home. I found it! A daily diary from December 8, 1917 through December 30, 1919. It is a miracle almost too historically important to be true. I have a personal record of those most important history-jammed teen years of the century. It is all written out in longhand in daily five or six line entries , sometimes much longer, occasionally even a page or two fully describing important days or events. History books tell what happened in the world at large; this diary tells what happened in ME, and in the little town where I lived, against the background of World War I. From December 17 on, my calendar is scrambled no longer; I can be sure of events and chronologies, and can make faces at the tricks which recollection plays. Now all I need do is rewrite the pages from here on, sharpening the data and correcting the dates, but leaving the all-important memory -pictures intact. This I shall proceed to do. Thank God for fine-tooth combs . And long-forgotten storage boxes. The first blizzard of entries blanketing different pages of my diary like a January snowstorm was about coal, cord wood, and store closings. My brother Winfield and I were down at our store every day, helping out. We would open up about 6 o'clock almost every morning and do our studying, then when our father came about 8 a.m . we'd head for school. We stayed open late-often until 11 p.m. on Saturdays-to accommodate the farmers who couldn't start the long drive into town until the chores and milking were finished. But on January 16, 1918, my diary notes : "In afternoon we found that we had to open from 9 a.m . to 8 p.m. because of fuel. I made a sign stating this. " And on the following Monday: " Stores are closed today to save fuel." There were many Monday "coal" closings. The thing I remember most is how the coal scarcity affected us at home. We were living in the 10-room old McPherson house at 607 North State Street. Ii was heated by a grizzly asbestos-lined coal-burning furnace, in the cellar. On February 6 my diary says: "Ran out of coal. " We did most of our living that winter in the large kitchen, which was heated by a cooking range that burned either coal or wood. With a hand-pump at the end of the sink we could get soft water from the cistern , and the stove had a five-gallon reservoir at one end where water was heated every time we built the fire for cooking. So we fared well. When bedtime came, with plenty of quilts and a hot water bottle apiece , we could sleep in the unheated bedrooms . Win and I nearly always slept on an open sleeping porch, anyhow. But on February 20, according to the diary: "Win (Winfield, my brother ) split wood after school. I slept in kitchen on lounge because I had a cold and it was cold in our regular bedroom. " With sporadic regularity we got cord wood and my brother and I did a lot of wood-splitting. Down in the store basement we also split mountains of kindling . Almost all goods at the store came packed in heavy wooden boxes, sometimes five feet square, made of thick boards . Usually we sold those boxes for five cents apiece, or much cheaper for a drayload, but that winter we split up hundreds of them (it seemed like thousands) for firewood . The lumber in one of those large boxes, today, might cost twenty-five dollars . Apparently the stores closed every Monday because of the fuel problem . On Monday, February 11, 1918, I wrote in my diary : "Closed today. After school, Win and I went to Red Cross auction where Papa was . They sold 25 dozen eggs for not less 244 then$5 a dozen; two at$10 a dozen. Papa bought some things. Mamma sewed at Red Cross." A sort of a sick joke was going around during those days of shortages. I dimly recall it : "You may have cream in your coffee, you may even be able to afford egg on your vest, but you can't get coal." But one day we DID get 500 pounds, from Ralph Woodruff's Lumber and Coal Company. That is only a quarter of a ton and I don't think it went very far in heating a 10-room house. We probably just used it in the kitchen stove. In March , one day after school, almost the whole school went down to see our manual training teacher , Mr. Yeakey, off on his way to Fort Oglethorpe, Georgia. He was the kind of man that the army would want first of all-one of our most popular teachers . We didn' t know what we would do without him . Mr. Case took his place . Nearly everybody was knitting at that time-mostly socks for the doughboys in France . But when Mr. Case spent most of our manual training hour knitting , we boys said some pretty strong things behind · his back. It would have been hard for anyone to replace Mr. Yeakey , even without shuttling those long steel knitting needles. I guess that Mr. Yeakey left by himself , but most of the new soldiers went in groups. The departure of the boys for Camp Custer , which government workers had thrown up in a frenzy over near Battle Creek, became the most important part of the war , in Howell. For us boys, it was exciting; for the older people, especially parents of the fellows who left, this was what brought the war right into Howell itself . School would close, and there would be a band as the boys marched down to the Pere Marquette depot. The station platform was jammed with parents, relatives, and onlookers. We boys (I was 14 by then ) would climb up on the big red box cars to get a better view of it all. Even the girls would climb up so they could see . They had to be careful, though, to hold their dresses down as they went up the iron rungs on the ends of the cars. As the train pulled out, a lot of the people in the crowd were crying . That seemed strange to us; I was too young to grasp how serious a moment this was. To us, the band music, the bugles and flags , and the mournful "good bye" of the train whistle as the engine shot out steam and prepared to departall this brought gooseflesh rather than tears to us kids . I don't know whether my diary lists every time that the soldiers left-a 14-year-old boy sometimes forgets even the most exciting events . But I recorded that 33 soldierboys left on April 1, 1918, 22 on April 29, 66 on May 29, and about 30 on August 26. There were probably many more who went, but even that was a lot of soldiers from one small Michigan town. I suppose these months were the times that we learned those war songs that are still floating around in memory , mixing flecks of sadness with sparks of excitement. It 's a Long Way to Tipperary , Keep The Home Fires Burning , Over There, There 's A Long, Long Trail A Winding, Tell Me Why Nights Are Lonesome, etc. We would sing those songs at school assemblies, dances , picnics and parties , when out riding-everywhere . We loved them . That is what we did a lot of the time-just sing-when groups of us boys and girls got together or went riding- Margaret Nichols, Zoe Lott, Juanita Eastman , Josephine Peavy, the Dutton girls, along with Win and me and other boys. At one of the rare vaudeville nights at the Temple Theater . just below our store on Grand River, a stage singer tried to teach the audience a new war song : "Just as Washington crossed the Delaware, So will Per-ish-ing Cross the Rhine ." He drew out that word "Per-ish-ing" so long that it was some time before I realized that he was singing about General Pershing , who commanded our American Expeditionary Forces in France . We boys had dimly heard of Pershingseven before the war . When the Mexican bandit Francisco Villa raided a little New Mexico border town President Wilson had sent Pershing down into Mexico to find and capture Villa. The name of Pershins had brushed our memories slightly , but "Pancho Villa" became a byword or a " boy-word" with us, and a kid was lucky if he could be "Villa " in bandit games we played . In 1915, Pershing 's wife and three daughters had been burned to death in a fire at San Francisco 's Presidio . Patriotic speeches in Howell were as important as patriotic songs. On March 21, 1918, according to my diary : " Win and I, Gerald (Hubbell) , Lewis (Nooney), and Donald (Tupper ) went to the Presbyterian Church to hear a speech by Gunner Depew. He told all about his life in the trenches . There was a silver collection. Win and I put in ten cents each. " That speech must have rated high on our scale, for ten cents was a lot of money; that's what Logan Papworth had paid us the past summer for an hour's hard work hoeing and weeding onions. We were later raised to twelve cents an hour. An hour's wages in a collection plate today might be $5.00. Less than a month later, on April 14, this entry appeared: "After supper, Win, Papa , and I went to the Presbyterian Church to hear ex-Gov. Osborn speak on " This War, Our War." There were over a thousand there. After he got done, those who wanted to could go up and shake hands with him . Rod Hubbell and I went up. He shook hands with us and then cracked our heads together and slapped us on the back ." I wonder, now, if the Presbyterian Church (we called it the " new" Presbyterian Church then) would really seat a thousand . Most of the war gatherings were held there and that is often the figure I gave in my diary. Maybe it just seemed like a thousand. Anyhow, the church was jammed. October 13, 1918: " We went to the Presbyterian Sunday School. Burr Hoover, a sailor , taught us and he told us a lot of stories of camp life." Five days later my brother and father went to hear Bill Dickson tell of his adventures in the war . Every month or so the stores would close because of a Patriotic Day. Sometimes there would be bands and marching. On May 24, 1918, I recorded : " We were rushed at noon. We closed at about 12:30 because this is Patriotic Day. At 1 p.m. all the schools of the county and a soldier 's band from Camp Custer marched down to the fairgrounds . I watched the foot races , heard the band and saw the ball game. Howell beat Pinckney 7 too . There was a speech at fairgrounds by Ca pt. Dr. Inches ." My dairy is sprinkled with mentions of " Patriotic Days " but this is the only time I gave any details of what happened . The coal shortage went right in tandem with a gasoline shortage. On April 18, 1918 I wrote in my diary : " We were going for a little auto ride but have but a little gas and there is none in town.' ' We had bought our first automobile-a little 4-cylinder Buick-shortly before America declared war. We never used it to go to or from the store. There had been a few trips , and one of our greatest pleasures was to take a family drive in or near Howell on a Sunday afternoon. But in September the " Sunday Auto Law" went into effect. The first Sunday- September 2-was optional but after that , Sunday driving would be illegal. This law came suddenly. My uncle was visiting us and we had agreed to drive him to Detroit , so he could catch the boat for Cleveland. Since we were given a choice that first Sunday, we drove him as far as Farmington where he could get a street car the rest of the way. Starting in February of 1918-and for quite a while after that-our Presbyterian Sunday School class met at the home of our teacher , Vern Wink. I suppose this was due to some sort of shortage, but I don't know what. They called it 'The Great War' WORLD WAR I 1917-1918 Howell's share in the five Liberty Loan campaigns and the four campaigns to raise money for the Red Cross was in general charge of Homer Peavy , Don W. Goodnow and Henry H. Wines. All the quotas were met. The third and four Liberty Loans were oversubscribed four times . At one time the Red Cross had a membership of 6,240 in the county. According to the County Draft Board reports about 460 men were drafted from Livingston County. There were 120 men in service from Howell City. A great segment of the population of the county was in active support of the war effort thru the Red Cross and activities such as War Bonds, War League , Speakers Bureau , Council of National Defense , Home Guards , High School Volunteers and Boy Scouts. WORLD WAR I LIVINGSTON COUNTY ROLL OF HONOR Army, Floyd Howard Abrams, buried at Deerfield Center; Army, Leon Ellsworth Allen, killed in France , buried in France ; Marines , John Avis (Genoa Twp.), killed in France , buried in France ; Army , William Edward Brimley, killed in France , buried in France ; Army, Jesse Barton Cooley, killed in France, buried in France ; Army, Cornelius J . Devereaux , died of injuries , buried in France ; Army , Jay Taylor. Glen? , buried in France ; Army, Joseph Vincent Haas, killed m France, buried in France ; Army , Harold Wilson Hardy (Oceola Twp.,) buried in Howell; Army , John Hendrickson, died of disease buried in France . Canadian Army , Earl Edwin Hicks, killed in France , died in France; Army , Clarence Alexander Hull, died of disease , buried in Hamburg ; Army , Emmett Lee King, died of disease buried in Unadilla ; Army , Raymond Leighton, killed i~ service accident , buried in France ; Army, William McKinely, died of disease , buried in Deerfield; Army , Joseph Mackinder, killed in France , buried in France ; Air Force , James Gordon Owens, buried in Ionia , Mich.; Army , Albert Laverne Roberts , (Marion Twp.,) , killed in France, buried in France ; Army, Clare W. Rorabacher , killed in France , buried in France ; Army, Orson A. Rose , killed in France, buried in France . Army, Ray Thompson, killed in France , buried in F~anc~ ; Navy and Army, Ray Skutt, died of disease , buried m Fowlerville; Navy , Cleve M. Tanner , died of disease , buried in Fowlerville ; Army , Dugrange John Tiffany , died of disease , buried in Howell; Army, Charles Washburn II , killed in France , buried in France ; Army , John Douglas Watson, died of disease, buried in Unadilla . 245 Later in the year, schools and churches and just about everything began closing down, but for a different reason - Spanish influenza. Howell was caught in the epidemic which-for many of the people at home-became nearly as scary as life in the trenches. Closing laws for public gatherings were put on, lifted, reinstated, repealed , back and forth. According to my diary there was a double switch on Sunday, October 20, 1918: "Churches all over the state are closed because of influenza. Gasless Sunday is no more. We went over to Lansing and visited Aunt Myra. We had a puncture." (I doubt it we ever drove more than ten miles from home without having a puncture . Once we had five between Howell and Brighton) . Because of the flue epidemic our school was closed once for a week (when too many teachers were sick) and once for over a month. My whole diary through this war period is sprinkled with entries: "School closed because of flu." "Schools reopened." " Churches closed." "Ban on all public meetings ." "Ban taken off," etc. Without aid from the diary, those closings (but not the specific dates) were vivid in my memory-especially the enforced school vacations , which were like an extra helping of dessert for all of us kids. After writing these recollections, I looked up "influenza" in the encyclopedia and learned why my diary had that multitude of "ban on" and "ban off" entries . The encyclopedia has three full two-column pages about the Influenza Pandemic of 1918-19a nd relates that there were three distinct sieges of it which swept almost the entire world. It hit our soldiers in France, and soon struck down the German army. Finally even the remote islands marked only by flyspeck dots on the map of the Pacific felt its effect. One siege would sweep the world and stop, then another would commence. I had always called it an "epidemic." "Pandemic" means "Affecting the majority in a whole country or countries ." After all these years I have learned a new word and have discovered that I have lived through a "Pandemic .'' My cousin wrote us from Massachusetts: "We opened the door and In-Flew-Enza." All of that family-six of themwere down for days. Our family were lucky not to get it. Spanish influenza was one of the tragedies of World War I and (according to the encyclopedia) largely brought on because of war conditions. Epidemics , pandemics, tragedies , catastrophies and strange phenomena never seem to come singly, and in 1918 they arrived in Howell and huge bunches, like those clusters of weird-shaped balloons that hawkers used to sell at the county fair. The strange happening of Thursday, March 14 set the mood for some of the natural phenomena of that year . On that day , in my diary, I wrote : " Rainy and dark today. In arithmetic class it was so dark that you could just make out the form of the teacher and couldn't read your book at all. Papa said it was the darkest he has known it. Itgotlighter after a while. At 4:30 p.m. it began to snow and by night the ground was covered nearly ½ inch.' ' Eleven days later, on March 25: "In the afternoon the wind blew Schroeder and Rutka's (hardware) glass-plate window in. There was quite a bad fire on the Byron Road." And next day "After school, there was a fire at Eastman's not far from our house. It just burned the roof a little." On April 19, we drove over beyond Brighton to see the havoc left by a cyclone the week before. It had made playthings of several barns, missed nearby houses completely, then-just as though it was some crazy Ku Klux Klaner on an anti-Roman crusade, it had pounced on a Catholic church, toppled its spire to the ground, then leaped 246 the road into the Catholic cemetery and played marbles with a lot of the gravestones. It almost seemed as though the breath of war was blowing down our necks . The worst upheaval came in January preceding these other hooliganisms which Dame Nature had been dreaming up. Those had just been teasers. The snow had been heavy much of the winter and when we couldn't get the car out of the barn, because of snow, we ran the engine to keep the battery up. All I seem to have done, according to my diary, was to have shoveled paths and sidewalks at home or at the store. But King Winter really joined Mother Nature in bringing on what happened on January 12, 1918. In my diary I wrote: "At about 5:30 p.m. it was 2 degrees below and at 6:30 it was 10 degrees below. During the night it reached 25 degrees below. There was 18 inches on the level and Mr. Garlock said at his house it was 7 or 8 feet deep in drifts. In front of our store it was a yard deep. "There was a very heavy wind which lasted through the day . Papa froze both ears coming downtown and they swelled to double their size. (We always walked to and from our store on Grand River opposite the courthouse and our home at 607 N. State Street) . "Mama didn't come down. Papa went home at 4 p.m." Win and I stayed at the store and played games, read , and got our own supper . In the evening we had a little trade from agents (staying at the Hotel Livingston) and County Supervisors who could not get out of town because of drifts . The Detroit papers weren't delivered on either Saturday or Sunday. On Monday, my dairy continues: "We got up at about 7 a.m . and shoveled off. I earned 10 cents for shoveling Mr. Adams walk (W. D. Adams Drygoods Store next door to ours ). About 10 a.m. the Pere Marquette snow plow went through and the first train through , since Friday is expected today . One train started from Toledo Saturday but got stuck. Late in the p.m. Win and Alex Gregory and I went out to the town line road (near the Ann Arbor Railroad-Grand River Street crossing) where we saw a snow drift over 20 feet deep. We had to stoop to get under the telephone wires . We played a while and then came back." The next day a bunch of us boys went out to play in the 20 foot snow drift and made a large snow-house; five days later , on another trip there, we began making a large tunnel under and through the drift and got dry over a fire which we built right on the snow. A world of snow is a world of peace. Surrounded out there with all that whiteness-encasing us and stretching everywhere as far as we could see-with no sounds other than our own voices and laughter-we forgot that war existed . Maybe we imagined we were Admiral Peary who had discovered the North Pole nine years before. But certainly we weren't playing war there on the snow drift. That snow was a blanket of pure enjoyment. Snow and cold hung on for a month. On February 3, three weeks after we'd first discovered the drift : "After Sunday School, Papa and we boys went out to our cave in the snow. While coming back, a blizzard came up.' ' Two days later was the climax . On February 5 I wrote : "28 degrees below this morning. Coldest day of the year . This winter is the worst winter known." That winter siege had been hard on my father's ears; it had been a painful experience-combined with the problems and tragedies of war-for most of Howell's adults. But for us kids it had been a blizzard of joy. A heaven-sent 20 foot snow-drift had come along right while school had been closed most of the time, because of coal shortages and pandemics . A few weeks later, in a mood of apology, Madam Nature gave us a thaw. But she over-exerted herself and turned all the melting whiteness into swirling, dirty browns . We had floods, which meant more thrills for us kids in Howell. The "Shave and a haircut two bits" some of the ordinary necessities of life are performed here . Shiawassee River, just north of its crossing with the Grand River Road , was a wild and favorite spot of ours . The river flooded, which made skating possible there , something we'd never had before . But it was different than on Howell Lake. The ice was thin and we almost fell in. Two days later we kids had to unclog a sewer so that melting snow and rain wouldn't flood our yard and house. The onslaughts from nature were hard on the grownups, but fun for the kids. The war news-which kept coming in midst the blizzards and cyclones and floods-was hard and sobering for everybody. At noon on February 7, 1918, word reached us in Howell that an American troop transport, with 3000 soldiers on it, was sunk by the Germans. 1900w ere saved . Two days later I wrote in my diary: "90 Michigan men were on sunken transport. None from Howell." War and tragedy were stalking toward us in Seven League Boots. On August 22, in the evening, Howell's new Service Flag was dedicated and a lot of important people gave speeches from a stand erected at the main intersection . My diary drew a blank and doesn't give details . But my memory does. The War Boots were thumping awfully close. Bad news was coming from the battle fields in France . Some big campaign had foundered . Then in late afternoon, as I recall it, word seeped in from somewhere that Howell soldiers had been killed in the big drive overseas. My Uncle Fred-a minister-was visiting us and he gave one of the evening speeches . It was a muggy hot night-the 1 kind that makes the corn grow so fast you can almost see it. And it was a sad night. The whole feeling and mood of the town was strange. The air and the sky were filled with a quiet, heavy dread . If anyone mentioned weather it was just for talk. If anyone asked about crops, it didn't really matter and they didn't expect an answer. The thoughts along Grand River Street that midsummer evening were far over across the ocean . Not corn growing in Howell, but poppies growing in Flanders Field was what we were probably thinking of. The war had reached Howell. From then on, gold stars began to replace blue ones on the Service Flags . On Sunday, March 31, 1918, something new happened in America for the first time ever-Daylight Savings Time . Things like that were exciting to Win and me . We couldn't even think about waiting till next morning to turn the clocks back . Setting the alarm for 2 a.m., we got up and changed all the clocks in the house at the exact instant the new time law went into effect. Of course it woke up our folks too, but they didn't care . At least, I don' t think they did. We were taking part - even if in only a small way-in real history. On May 1, 1918, more history was made . As a means of saving grain to ease the war -time food shortages , and in order to achieve greater efficiency in war production, there had for some time been agitation for prohibition . On May 1, Michigan went " dry ." Largely for these same reasons , Congress voted national prohibition into effect long before the Volstead Act was passed . The government took over control of all the railroads in the 247 United States and William McAdoo was put in charge of running them . He was President Wilson's son-in-law. Herbert Hoover was appointed food controller for the nation . In 1918, the telephone and telegraph service was taken over by the Federal government. What I remember most-and was really upset about-was when the government formed the Railway Express Agency- abolishing the names of Adams Express and Wells Fargo . For us kids, the Wells Fargo stages were a big part of wild West United States history , and we resented having the name disappear. imagine nearly everybody was buying Liberty Bonds and Thrift Stamps . My diary is sprinkled with entries about them . In that war the patriotic fever in Howell was as high as the winter thermometer was low. On March 19, 1918, I wrote in my diary that Winfield and I sold some Thrift Stamps to an agent that came to sell store goods to our father . On June 9, the entire membership of a secret club of ours- Lewis Nooney, Alex Gregory , Robert McPherson, Charles Platt , and Winfield and I-went down to Rodney Hubbell's for a Sunday birthday dinner and gave Rod two Thrift Stamps as a birthday present. On June 24 we closed our store from 9 to 10 a.m. to make "W.S.S. pledges ." (I suppose that stood for War Savings Stamps ). My diary of September 3 says: "We all bought some bonds last Saturday of the 4th Liberty Loan. " My diary had various other entries throughout 1918 about our paying for Liberty Loans . A separate diary notation listed my brother 's and my total financial assets later on in high school. My list was as follows, and his was the same , for we always divided our money and earnings in exactly equal parts: Howell Motion Picture Stock (non-valid, perhaps ) 1919W ar Savings Stamp issue 1918W ar Savings Stamp issue 2nd Liberty Bond issue 4th Liberty Bond issue Howell Public School Bond (Part of a $500 bond I'm buying of Papa) $ 10.00 100.00 100.00 50.00 50.00 100.00 $410.00 For some reason, no mention appears in the diary of my most vivid recollection of all concerning Liberty Bonds. An old couple up near our place-apparently well-to-do, for they lived in a large white house and went to Florida every winter- hadn 't bought enough war bonds to satisfy some of the young town blades . One morning their white house was streaked with wide continuous daubs of yellow paint. Carl Weinmaster, Sr.-the blacksmith-had come from Germany . Misguided youths one night went around to his house, nailed a flag on his front porch , then made Weinmaster come out and kiss it. "I love the flag," he said . In effect, " I'm an American now. I'm for America ." He was really mad at those fellows next day . During the Sunday bans on auto driving, if cars were caught on the road, sometimes gangs of older boys would stop them and tip the autos over. War is a lot like that Spanish Influenza plague that swept the world in 1918; few places escaped the flu, and not very much escaped the effects of war. In Howell, the war changed our driving habits, our church going, what we read and talked about, what we ate, the songs we sang, the things we did in school. Not very much remained untouched. The war had a big effect on the games that we kids played . Long before World War I, of course, we had built snow forts and had snowball battles, sometimes raiding the other fort and pummeling the enemy with quick-packed snowballs to the body and often loose snow down the neck. All of that was just good winter fun. 248 But the real war-the boys leaving for Camp Custer, the bands , the news from the front with stories of artocities and deaths , the marching and the speeches-turned us kids more and more toward real war games. Sometimes snowball-tosnowball fighting was replaced by eyeball-to-eyeball conflicts , in which we actually inflicted less bodily pain , but generated much more realism and sometimes even hate , with our imaginary gattling guns and bayonets . More often, the war play showed up in the enormous amount of marching, signaling, and drilling which we did. A brief March 12, 1918 diary notation gives an example : "After supper, Herbert Galliger , Duane (Beurmann ), James Adams, Maurice Purdy, Chuck (Platt ) and I went out and marched. James had a drum and Maurice a fife." Things such as that happened often. The secret club which some of us formed tells it best. My diary contains the original "charter" and all the regulations . It not only shows the military bent of our minds which those war times brought on, but it also gives a delicious and important insight into the secret world of teenagers of any time or place . I'll give it all, even to the misspelled words. THE CLUB I. The members will be Francis Line, Lewis Nooney, Winfield Line, Robert McPherson, Charles Platt , and Alex Gregory. II. The club will have various duties and pleasures such as the following. Meetings-The association will hold meetings when it is called by a majority of the members. A president will preside over the meeting, Francis Line first , Lewis Nooney second and so on as named above . The president has complete control over the meeting and each member must obey him . If any member finds fault with what he does, that person may tell his views to the club and the club will decide who is right , the president or the fault finder . During a meeting , the person who stands up first has the floor and he may talk until he sits down. Two people must not talk at once. Camping-During the summer and possibly during the winter, the club can go camping out in the woods or go on a hiking or river trip . Perhaps the club can raise money doing numerous things and buy a camp outfit and other things . When camping , a boss will be chosen who will see that things go along allright. Race s, etc .- The club can practice up on the ballgrounds between themselves. They can have short and long races , jumping and leaping feats, bicycle races , etc. etc . Each member will choose the thing he can do best and then the club can challenge the 75h grade to race or jump with them and the winning side will receive a prize. Military-Although the club is rather small they might form a small army of themselves and practice marching, bayonet charging, etc . They could learn how to signal, spy, scout and do other army antics. II. Clothes-Khaki pants and coat and if possible , leggins. A brown shirt or waist with sleeves rolled up and neck turned down with a bandana handkerchief loosely around the neck. Boy scout hat. These kind of clothes would be worn in summer at camp or at drill. III-At the first meeting a name for the club, signals , codes, flag or banner , motto , password , etc. , should be chosen. Signed 1. Francis R. Line 2. Lewis Stalter, Esq . 3. Winfield Line 4. Alex Gregory 5. Robert H. McPherson 6. Charles A. Platt Nick Names 1. Prowling Pete 2. Detective Jack 3. Bloody Bill Line 4. Texas Lee 5. Colorado Dick 6. Deadshot Dave Off and on through most of 1918, we kids were marching and playing war games after school. We did it on our own, because it was our idea of fun. In September , everything changed ; we had to start doing it for real. Every boy in high school had to join the Cadet Training Corps. Our whole world became different-more serious somehow, with almost a t~uch of tragedy lurking in the background. You could almost hear the echo of those War Boots along Grand River Street. My brother and t were examined for the new military training just one day before his 16th birthday. I was a little over 14½. After supper on September 25, 1918, we walked leisurel y down to Dr . Browne 's office, thinking we'd be through in a few minutes so we could go over to the library . We weren 't finished with that physical exam until 9 p.m. I didn't know much about doctors . When I was 8 or 10 years old, kindly, enormous , soft-spoken Dr . Baird , who lived across the street from us, had come over to feel my forehead when we thought I had the measles . Or maybe it was the mumps. We had talked about how a young boy didn't need a doctor very much if he was in normal health . Once Dr. Harry Huntington took a fleck of dirt out of my eye. He charged me fifty cents, which seemed high to me, since I had gone to his office to have it done. That was all I knew about doctors . Then came this compulsory Military Training examination. Dr. Browne poked and pushed and probed and pounded in places which I didn't even know I had until then. Once or twice he shook his head up and down and smiled . A couple of other time s he shook his head back and forth and scowled. His helper scribbled figures and stuff furiously on a large sheet of paper and-at certain of the entries-shook his head up and down, and at other entries shook it back and forth. He also smiled and scowled. I didn't do either . I just shook. I was scared. Always before that-and ever since-I have been 100 percent healthy . But that night , all of the doctor 's probing and pushing had set my heart to pounding, my hands to sweating , and my fright-juices to flowing, until I guess I didn't come out very well on the test. But I passed , and was inducted into the Military Training Civilian Cadet Corp of Howell High School. All regular physical education classes were disbanded, and military drill and training took their place . It was the war event that most affected every Howell boy permanently , and which was sunk deepest into my memor y. The teachers , by some sort of secret ballot, chose the officers from our student body. Francis Flynn was made captain ; he was a senior whom I hardly knew at all. The lieutenants-all juniors or seniors-were fine fellows that I knew real well-Donald Wines, Browning Browning, and George Hacker . I was made a corporal-the only freshman officer . Lucky for me that Dr. Browne hadn't done the selecting . This was my squad - Front Rank, No. 1, Wilton Bohn, No. 2, Mauric e Purdy , No. 3, Sherman Carlson , No. 4, Francis Line. Rear Rank-Leo Gregory, Alger Gurden, Charles Platt . On October 25 I received my official instructions and not only studied them diligently but learned them by heart. I can vividly recall how we khaki-clad kids had to go around saluting nearly everything in sight. Here is why : Corporal Line , 3rd Squad, Company C. Your instructions are as follows: Salut e all teachers, young and old ladies , members of the school board , your officers , and Seniors . You're to report to your sergeant the absences of your squad at the command Report. You are to obey your officers and respect them as officers . Signed. Lieut. D. B. Wines Those saluting instructions covered just about everybody in town, since Howell didn't have a dog-catcher . There were demerits for failure to salute, but no penalties for saluting too. often. To play it safe , we went around even saluting strangers who visited town, especiall y if they were young or old ladies . I suppose we didn' t dare take a chance on figuring out if a lady was just somewhere in between . Why risk a demerit , especially since the saluting was sort of fun, anyway. But there was little fun in the drilling ; it was serious , monotonous, and hard . We had heavy , cumbersome wooden guns and- a little later -regulation khaki military uniforms . The uniforms were tight and uncomfortable , especially the close-laced leggings and the rigid buttoned -up collars of the arm y coats . There was regulation arm y drill once or twice a week, sometimes by a real arm y soldier but usuall y by our own officers . Those cumbersome guns were clumby-and so were we, to start with. I guess that 's why we kept at it hour after hour- " Present ... arms. " " About. .. face ." " Right shoulder . .. arms ." " Charge ." Our arms were so sore at quitting time that we scarcely had the strength to salute anyone on the way home-unless it was a young lady. After learning to shoulder arms and all the other things like that , we'd march along the Howell streets , and often for several miles into the country , along east or west Grand River . Francis Flynn was a stern captain , but not too well liked- at least in our opinion-not too good an officer . Out in the country he'd call " at ease " and a lot of the fellowsfollowing Flynn 's example-would light up cigarettes . Smoking was rather " new" then-illegal of course , for minors- and the parents and townspeople didn't like it a bit. I guess they had a point. Of the fellows I've been able to keep track of, among those who started smoking in their early days in high school, every single one died ten or twenty years ago, or more . A boy in my squad of eight died right after our Corps was organized-I think of Spanish Influenza , although I am not certain . We had a military funeral for him and my squad acted as pall-bearers and pretended to shoot our wooden guns over the coffin. For a couple of months , every time that I, as corporal, saluted Lieut. Wines or my sergeant to announce the number present in my squad , I had to say : " Cadet Taft absent , sir ." Everyone knew he was absent , but it was " regulations. " An hour after the noon whistle blew in Howell on November 7, 1918, that milk factory whistle started blowing again , but this time it didn't stop . At least , it would hesitate for only long enough to make us think it was going to quit , then start penetrating the air again - short blasts, long blasts, then enormous belches of hiccuping sounds as though it was coming from the belly of some wounded giant. By this time our Cadet Corps was called out from school on the double. Quicker than we had ever done it before we fell in on the school grounds , shouldered our wooden guns , and marched down to the main corners, then west on Grand River . Great crowds were assembling - jamming the streets as we marched through. All traffic was stopped. Flags began to appear . Someone was even passing out small flags to the crowds . People were shouting and hugging each other . We marched down toward the library , about-faced , and marched back . Things were delirious . Captain Flynn and our lieutenants bellowed marching orders , trying to be heard above all the roar and confusion. We kids marching had no idea what everything was all about. There were plenty of tears in the crowd, but we had sense enough to know that all that hubbub wasn 't due to some battlefield catastrophe . For the sixth or eighth time we marched east , again approaching the main intersection . 249 There ahead of us, A. Riley Crittenden-hands high in the air-was holding up a Detroit paper for us to see. As I recall, the whole top third of the page had just one word: " peace ." THE WAR WAS OVER! As we marched, we didn't bat an eye or let out a whoop. But that was one of the most emotional moments that I'll ever remember in Howell. That night some of the older fellows hung a stuffed dummy of Kaiser Welhelm in the streets and set it afire. There were all kinds of celebrations. According to my diary "Win and I and Alex Gregory went riding with Dorothy and Helen Dutton <the Methodist minister 's daughters) and some other girls." We sang a lot of the special songs that night. Actually , the war wasn 't over-not quite . That had been the false Armistice. A few days later-November 11-the milk factory whistle blew again. We did more marching. There was cheering , and a lot of the same excitement. But that first day had been the biggest moment of my boyhood in Howell. America was at Peace . The War and America's preparations for it-even including all the things that went on in Howell- were like the giant snowballs we kids would roll down Greenaway's hill. The ball would pick up more snow and more speed all the way down. When it hit the glassy ice in the pond at the bottom , it was a mammoth thing and it just kept on going-getting even larger-on across the ice. Effects of that war were just gathering speed on Armistice Day, and they didn't stop on November 11, 1918. Almost everything that had been started just kept right on going. Even some new things were begun. They got bigger and worse, clear on into the middle of 1919. I couldn't possibly have remembered or realized that sequence of some of these events if they were not recorded in my diary. A lot of the things that happened after Armistice Day I wou!d have sworn- except for the diary evidence-had occurred before the war was over . Our military uniforms actually came on the morning of the real armistice, November 11. We marched in those suits for the very first time on that day and, according to my diary, continued marching " after supper until about 9 o'clock ." Our military hats didn't arrive until November 14. I recorded: " Mine didn't come. We had competitive drill , judged by Mr. Daily and Mr. Case. Co. A got first. " On Friday night, November 15 we went to a Military Ball in the Ladies ' Club Rooms. Winfield did guard duty there for half an hour, and we didn't get home until midnight. Sunday , November 17 was Victory Day, with a one-milelong parade in which we cadets-now with our full uniforms and even our hats-took part. Rain dampened the end of the month . And on Tuesday, November 19, 1918, more than a week after the armistice , my diary reads: " Girls started Military Training today ." Our boys Military Training continued right on, with new drills and activities being added which became more warlike all the time . On January 7, 1919, just two days before my 15th birthday , we marched nearly five miles out into the country and executed a blood-curdling exercise in hunting and tracking down eight "deserters" of our own number . It was all mock, of course, but it had more of the flavor of real war than anything we had been up to yet. And the war had been over ever since early November of the year before. The War Boots still seemed to be stalking along Grand River . Toward the end of January we received orders to start drilling with the 2-arm Semaphore Code. That was sheer fun. Throughout the winter , after learning the code, we would signal to one another for long distances on country roads and-best of all-across Howell Lake. This was, to us, just like relaying life-and-death army messages from one trench to another across the fields in France . War didn't 250 seem to have ceased a bit according to our Military Trainings schedule . My diary entries for Thanksgiving Day of 1918-following close after the armistice-and for Thanksgiving of 1919, make me realize that it took nearly a year to wind down that war. No mention of peace appears on Thanksgiving Day, 1918, but I refer to November 27, 1919 as " the dawn of the greatest Thanksgiving the United States had ever known." More than a year after hostilities ended , I guess peace really had come to America and the world . And to Howell. But the true climax , for Howell, was just ahead . The historical high point of all those war years came on Friday, December 12, 1919. I wrote: " At 8:25 p.m. our family went down to the Presbyterian Church to attend the second number of the lecture course which was a speech by ex-President Taft. The church was crowded to overflowing, 1000o r more people. At 8: 15 ( sic) the ex-president was introduced by Mr. L. E . Howlett and he proceeded to talk upon the subject of the League of Nations ." In my dairy I outlined the entire speech. Taft had been scheduled to come to Howell on an earlier date (perhaps during the war) but that appearance had fallen victim to the influenza ban on public gatherings . Taft made reference to this. William Howard Taft , in 1912, had been defeated by Woodrow Wilson for a second term in the White House. He was a Republican , many of whom were unalterably opposed to America 's entry into the League of Nations. Yet Taft's whole speech in Howell was to urge the United States to join the League , which President Wilson had been instrumental in founding and for which, as president, he was making the fight- literally-of his life. Just the month before Taft spoke in Howell, Wilson-while on a nationwide speaking tour urging League membership-had had a complete nervous collapse and was never again able effectively to lead his fight for the League or adequately carry on his presidential duties. The Republican Taft , in Howell, was in fact acting as a spokesman for the Democratic President , Wilson. Taft laid it on the line to us that night. In some respects it was the most critical moment in national affairs that Howell had ever experienced . More than any of us ever realized at the time, the whole future history of the world-and whether America might in another generation be at war again-literally hung in the balance as ex-President Taft spoke to us there in the Presbyterian Church. One by one, he explained Wilson's famous 14 points. He tore relentlessly into the opposition. I wrote : "Mr. Taft had a peculiar laugh which was very amusing. He talked in a slow, clear voice but if he chose his tones were very base and gruff." In light of the words with which Taft closed his Howell speech, it seems strange-and a bit prophetic-that I should have re-discovered my diary , relating that speech , 56 years after it was given . Here is what I wrote in that diary of December 12, 1919: "In his closing words Taft said that if in fifty years when we boys were grandfathers , our grandsons came home from school and said, 'Grandpa , our professor says that the League of Nations is a great thing nowadays and that years ago there was a great struggle about it. You were a boy then . Were you for or against it,' we would say, if we had opposed it, either of two things . 'Now run along sonny, you don't understand such things' or-we would have lied about it." Three weeks before Taft's Howell speech , the United States Senate in a preliminary vote on the League of Nations , had turned it down. Three months after that Howell speech, the Senate took its final vote-again negative . America never joined the League. There was no Soviet Union in 1919. The sun was just star - ting to set-although no one realized it yet-on the British Empire. America was about to take over the leadership of the world. With what was soon to be the strongest nation on earth outside of its membership, the League of Nations never had a chance. My diary of December 12 concludes : "After the speech Mr. Taft shook hands with a few people but soon retired. Papa, Win and I were fortunate enough to shake with him, I being the last of the crowd to do so. He finished speaking at 10 p.m." Taft spent that night in Howell at the home of one of our secret club members, Bob McPherson , who had an opportuni ty to talk with him in person . Nearly a quarter of a century later I would recall this Howell visit of Taft's to Mrs . William Howard Taft , in Washington, D.C., when she came back stage at Constitution Hall to shake my hand and congratulate me on a film lecture I had given concerning the outbreak of World War II. Right now I am wondering : IF the Republican ex- President Taft and the Democratic President Wilson could have prevailed-if America had joined the League of Nations-perhaps there would not have been a Second World War. The final Senate vote was whisker-close . Letters and input from Howell voters to Washington might even have made a difference . The history of the entire world was hanging in the balance that December night in Howell. Small towns are really important. EPILOGUE Right now I am wondering if the Republican ex-President A crowd assembles at the depot to send off the second group of draftees . Taft , and the Democratic President Wilson could have prevailed-if America had joined the League of Nationsperhaps there would not have been a second World War. The final Senate vote was whisker-close . History was hanging in the balance that December night in Howell. World War I cost 36 million lives and unbelievable tragedies. In writing about Howell's part in that war, I have been reading deeply as to its causes-and the mistakes made in trying to establish the Peace . One cause of World War I was the dislocation that grew out of the Napoleanic Wars and their aftermaths . Another cause was the racial hatred among many of the European nations - particularly in the Balkan States. After World War I was over, just a few wise steps-if taken-would have averted the second conflict. American membership in the League would have helped. Now we have finished several more dem' oralizing wars. Others loom ahead. Each war has its seeds in the last one. Each could so easily be prevented, with just a few sane steps , if wisdom prevailed . Kids are growing up in Howell right now who can have the answers to what lies ahead . Maybe about 40 years from now-in the teen years of the 21st century, the years 2013 through 2019-some fine man or woman will run across a yellowed copy of this chronicle in an old attic trunk and say : "Golly, I grew up in the Howell that fellow was writing about. And I'm glad I put my whole weight and life on the side of a saner, more peaceful world." Howell is a wonderful place to begin. 251 Howell in the 1900' s 253 Paul Bennett explains how the little league will operate . Scene from the spire of the Presbyterian Church looking N .W . on a cold winter day in 1910. Top Citizen's Mutual employees in 1927. 257 ""~-,.. The Lions Club put on -;;;in strel shows in the early 'SO'S 258 ,. The Sunday afternoon driving club assembles in front of the library . They drove in groups on the country roads to help each other out of ditches and to fix tires. Law Enforcement Howell was made an incorporated village by an act of the Legislature of Michigan (approved March 14, 1863). The first charter election was held on the 4th of May, 1863. A Town Marshall wasn't appointed until 1870. When the village was incorporated an act of incorporating; the officers had to be elected, all but the street commissioner , a treasurer (who shall be marshal] by virtue of his appointment as treasurer), these officers be appointed by the Common Council. This act was approved March 4, 1869. The following names and year of men who held the office of treasurer and marshal] of Howell: 1870-H.C. Briggs 1871- Leonard N. Fishbeck 1872-Henry A. Whipple 1873-Hiram Hopper 1874- William Barnard 1875-William T. Barnard 1876-Record obscure 1877- Arthur F. Field 1878- Thomas Clark 1879-Thomas Clark 1880-Thomas Clark 1881-Thomas Clark 1882-Thomas Clark 1883-Thomas Clark 1884- Thomas Clark; Night Watch-Thomas Clark 1885-Thomas Clark, Night Watch-Thomas Clark 1886- S. B. Rubert, Night Watch-Thomas Clark 1887-S. B. Rubert , Night Watch-Walt S. Papworth 1888- Jerome Wilbur, Night Watch-Thomas Clark 1889- Thomas Clark, Night Watch-Thomas Clark 1890-Lyman V. D. Cook, Night Watch-Thomas Clark 1891- Lyman V. D. Cook, Night Watch-Thomas Clark 1892- T. J . Winegar, Night Watch-Thomas Clark Mr. Winegar only served a short time as Marshall , Byron Phipps was elected to vacancy . 1893-Stephen Fishbeck, Night Watch-Thomas B. Clark 1894-M. J . Dempsey , Night Watch-Byron D. Langworthy 1895-M. J . Dempsey, Night Watch-Byron D. Langworthy 1896- Henry Pettibone , Night Watch-Will R. Knapp 1897- Jerome Wilbur, Night Watch-Edgar Corson 1898- Eli L. Snyder , Night Watch- John Daniels 1899-Eli L. Snyder , Night Watch-John Daniels 1900-Eli L. Snyder , Night Watch-John Daniels 1901- Eli L. Snyder, Night Watch-John Daniels 1902-W illiam J . Culver, Night Watch-John Daniels 260 Law Enforcement Coordinator Mary B. Beeman was born in New Orleans , La ., she lived there 20 years, she married John L . Beeman of Howell, while he was in the Navy in 1945 and moved to Howell. They have three sons, John, Tom , David , one daughter, Mary E ., four granddaughters , two grandsons . She has been em ployed at Hi II crest Center 20 years. Her special interests include American Legion Auxiliary . She is a member of St. Joseph's Catholic Church . 1903-Thomas Clark, Night Watch-William J. Culver 1904-H. H. Collins, Night Watch-William J . Culver 1905-Freeman Rorabacher, Night Watch-William J. Culver 1906-Freeman Rorabacher , Night Watch-William J . Culver 1907-William J . Culver, Night Watch-William J . Culver 1908-Freeman Rorabacher , Night Watch-William J . Culver 1909-Freeman Rorabacher, Night Watch-William Culver 1910-Daniel Ratz, Night Watch-William J. Culver 1915-Roy Sears, elected Constable 1921-1935-Roy Hardy , Chief 1935-1949-George Sargison , Chief 1949-Bradley, Chief 1950-Risdon, Chief 1951-55-Fred Crowenwett, Chief 1955-196-1Karl Welcker , Chief Howell Police Department 1956-1975 In December 1956, Earl Anderson was appointed Public Safety Director of the City of Howell. As an aid to the Police Department , which then consisted of the Chief of Police and four patrolmen, Mr. Anderson formed a group which would be known as the Howell Police Auxiliary . The group consisted of twelve volunteer officers, who were provided with uniforms and whose purpose was to act as backup men in the patrol units. These officers attended law enforcement classes conducted by instructors from the Michigan State Police , the FBI, and other law enforcement agencies . On August 5, 1961, Reginald Evans, until then a Sergeant , was appointed Chief of Police. Chief Evans served in this position, along with four patrol officers, until June 30, 1965, when he resigned his post for another position. On August 16, 1965, Tholan Wiles was appointed Chief by John Deppen , then the City Manager . Shortly after Chief Wiles' appointment , an additional patrolman and the department's first female officer were added to the force , bringing the total department personnel to seven . Due to the aggravation of a previous injury , Chief Wiles resigned from the Police Department and retired on July 10, 1972. Sgt. Charles Mason was appointed as Chief by City Manager Roy Trim, a position which Chief Mason still holds. At the time of Chief Mason's appointment , the department included the Chief, one Sergeant, five patrolmen and one policewoman . Auxiliary officers numbered twenty-five men. Currently, the department consists of the Chief of Police , one Lieutenant, who acts as administrative assistant to the Chief, one Sergeant , in charge of the patrol shifts , five patrolmen , all of whom have completed the seven-week Basic Law Enforcement Course required by the State of Michigan, one Traffic and Safety Officer, who also acts as a patrolman , and one Policewoman . The Auxiliary now has 30 officers , five of whom are women . The department 's equipment includes a full-time detective bureau, two marked, one semi-marked and one unmarked vehicles, and a well-equipped darkroom for processing crime scene photographs . The fountain which stood on the ma, ·n four corners in front of the drug store . Organizations Organizations HOWELL AREA COMMUNITY CHEST By VINCENT WHITE, WM. McPHERSON IV AND MRS. MAX WILTSE The Howell Community Chest (original name ) originated in 1938 as an association with William McPherson IV, John Page and Paul Uber taking active parts. Its purpose was to consolidate all fund drives into one yearly drive and thereby eliminate constant requests for donations by the various agencies during the year with the resulting confusion and resentment of the people. A cross section of churches , merchants, industry and all occupations was the goal in selecting board members . The original president was John Page and the board consisted of nine members . The budget was approximately $4,000.00 and the territory covered was primarily the city of Howell. In the late 1940's, the board was increased from nine to thirteen members . The area was expanded to include Genoa, Howell, Marion and Oceola Townships at that time . The name was then changed to " The Howell Area Community Chest. " The by-laws were patterned after those of Ann Arbor 's Community Chest. The present president is Charles Itsell and the budget is approximately $70,000.00. All board members have been and still are volunteers from various local interests and serve without pay . LIVINGSTON COUNTY NURSES CLUB By HELEN BAUER AND FRAN RATHBUN The Livingston County Nurses Club was first a dream in about February , 1950 when a meeting of R.N.'s were called together by Virginia Cotter . This was a social meeting held in the American Legion Hall on N. Michigan Ave. (upstairs ). We all felt the need to get together and relate experiences . Several meetings were held socially and then we decided we needed a purpose in life to exist as a group so we formally organized at our November meeting and had a nominating committee to present candidates for election and a By-Law committee to draw up a set of By-Laws for the group to approve . This committee was chairmaned by Fran Rathbun . Ethel Hall was our first president , elected in January , 1951. We were well on our way to our present organization. We first held our meetings the first Friday of each month . Later changing to the second Monday. We recess for July and August as vacation months . Through the years we have met 262 Organizations Coordinator Joanne Fay Young is the wife of Jim Young and their children are Laurie, Sue, Doug and Carol. She works part-time doing bookkeeping for Howell Auto Parts and her outside activities include Girl Scouting and volunteer work for school and band. in many of our members homes and many of our early meetings were held at the Michigan State Sanitarium later holding several meetings in the McPherson Community Health Center after it was built. Our dues have always remained minimal and due at the beginning of each new club year . Election usually in May with a picnic for our June meeting and the new officers starting with the fall work . We have had some very interesting programs throughout the years . One highlight, a trip to Upjohns Drug Company in Kalamazoo for the entire group . Many doctors have graciously given of their time to bring us up to date on new methods and developments in our profession . The State Districts that we were supposed to belong to was first the Lansing District and now the Ann Arbor (Washtenaw ) District. It has been hard for most of us to join and be so remotely connected with our professional needs and this club has in a little way filled part of this need. Some of our girls , however , each year do join the districts. A concentrated drive has been held various times with state representation from the Michigan State Nurses Association talking to us but we never seem to reach the organizational stage . We have had several projects as a club through the years . We sponsored the Future Nurses Clubs in our county high schools. Our big project now is our Nurses Scholarship Loan Fund . This fund was started as a joint project with the Livingston County Medical Auxiliary in about 1960. Our first joint co-chairmans were Mrs . Floy May from the auxiliary and Mrs . Joan Smith from our Nurses Club. The project got underway with a card party and bake sale at the (new) Armory when it was newly built and was a smashing success as over $500 was cleared this one evening alone . In about 1968 our joint efforts came to an end as the auxiliary disbanded and we nurses carried on alone from then on. Through the years we have had many money making projects to help this fund such as bake sales, auctions , dances , etc., at the present time we are taking a collection at our meeting rather than have sales. Mary Rose and our executive officers are supervising this fund at the present time . This resume is very sketchy but several nurses have been contacted by your committee and to our knowledge this is our beginning . For some reason our secretary minutes do not go back beyond 1964 so all our dates may not be authentic but to the best of our research and our memory . 1975-76 Officers, President , Joy Sullivan ; Vice President , Rosemarie Boos; Corresponding Secretary, Helen Bauer ; Recording Secretary, Dorothy Cotter ; Treasurer , Helena Cook, 15 scholarship loans have been granted . 1976 is our 25th anniversary . We have 50 active members this year . V.F.W . AUXILIARY NO. 3671 By CATHERINE SMITH The Barnes, Lyons, Roberts Auxiliar y to Post No. 3671, Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States was granted its charter on June 18, 1940. Frances Wigglesworth was its first president. The auxiliary 's objectives are to insure the national security ; to speed the rehabilitation of the nation 's disabled and needy veterans ; to assist the widows and orphans of veterans ; and to promote Americanism in patriotism and constructive service in the community . The cross of malta is the official emblem of the V.F.W. Eligibility shall be limited to women not less than 16 years of age and citizens of the United States . They can be any female relative of honorably discharged men who served in the Armed Forces entitling them to the award of a campaign badge. Female members who have also served overseas besides their mothers, sisters , or daughters are eligible . Several activities the auxiliary works on include cancer, legislative, Americanism , hospital, youth activities, community service, national home, etc. These activities are set up and governed by the District, State, and National Auxiliary levels. Money making functions by the auxiliary help to support and foster all the work we do. The current 1975-1976p resident is Catherine Smith . SWEET ADELINES By JANET ALLEN AND KAREN MILLER " Livingston Lakes " Chapter of Sweet Adelines, Inc. started recruiting women in 1969. It was officially chartered October 9, 1970, Fay Dukes, founder and president and 20 members , eight of whom are still members . Our first director was Dan Rafferty who was followed by the late Tom Rafferty . Under their leadership, Livingston Lakes Chapter placed seventh , third and second in the Annual Regional Competitions. Our 1975-76 director is Jodi Billington from Farmington Hills, Mich. Working with her as current president is Karen Miller. Our chapter has two registered quartets: "The Charmonizers " and " The Nota-Dames" who voluntarily perform with the chorus and on their own. Sweet Adelines, Inc. is a non-profit international organization for women who sing four part harmonybarbershop style . Each chapter is an asset to its local community providing a service by performing and entertaining for charitable organizations and at civic events . Sweet Adelines Chapters promotes harmony among women both vocally and spiritually . KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS By GLE N W. FOGLE, GRAND KNIGHT; FRANCIS DANIELS , PAST GRAND KNIGHTS; AND JAMES HA YES , IMMEDIATE PAST GRAND KNIGHT . The Order of the Knights of Columbus was founded in 1882 as a fraternal benefit society for catholic men and, has long been one of the most effective religious and charitable lay associations in the United States. The Knights honor their patron , Christopher Columbus, with countless projects of major importance on the national level and , serve as a vehicle for their more than 1,200,000 members to channel their funds and collective energies into important good works for the church and nation . An insurance program is available to all members to provide for their families in the event of death or disablement of the member . The local Council was chartered in October of 1927a nd was then known as Howell Council No. 2659 with Christopher S. Hupert serving as the first Grand Knight and Father John G. Crowe as Chaplain . The Council, comprised of fifty-five charter members, had its meeting hall over Watson & O'Leary 's Creamery, now known as O'Leary's Bakery and Dairy Bar . After several other temporary quarters the Council purchased land and, with members doing the actual construction work, built its first self-owned meeting hall in 1949o n Golf Club Road at Earl Lake. The building now houses a tavern known as Lakeside Bar. In 1963 the Council purchased land on East Grand River Avenue, one and one-half miles east of Howell, and , again with the members doing the construction work, built its present quarters. On April 27, 1966, by a vote of the members , the Council name was changed to Father John R. Day Council, honoring Father Day, who was Pastor of St. Joseph 's Parish until his death, and was a Chaplain in both World War I and World War II. His experience as Chaplain was unique insofar as he served as Chaplain in the first war as a Methodist Minister and in the second as a Catholic Priest. This Council sponsors a local Boy Scout troop, makes contributions to Hillcrest Center for recreational benefit of the patients ; helps, along with other Councils, support Boysville, a home for boys at Macon, Mich. The Council is involved in other local charitable projects , the most recent being the donation of a Fetal Heart Monitor to the McPherson Health Center at a cost of over $6,000.00. As of July 1, 1975, the beginning of our current Council year, Glen W. Fogle was seated in office as Grand Knight. KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS LADIES COUNCIL By MRS. EDGAR GLYNN The K. of C. Ladies Council No. 2659 started on March 16, 1964 and was chaired by Mrs . Lloyd Neu with 18 ladies present. Mrs . Anthony Wenzel was elected the first president ; Mrs . Joseph Wildes, Vice-President and Mrs . Milton Cameron, Secretary-Treasures . In August of that same year Mrs. Lloyd Neu was appointed President due to the resignation of Mrs. Wenzel and remained in that capacity until January, 1969. Somewhere along the years the name of the organization was changed to the K. of C. Ladies Auxiliary. The purpose of the organization was to help the Knights of Columbus men furnish the new club rooms, assist them whenever called upon for their social affairs, get acquainted with all the wives of the K. of C. members and form their own social affairs . The Ladies Auxiliary catered various social functions, gave card parties , ran booths at the picnics and as a result they were able to help furnish the club rooms and kitchen and place curtains and drapes in the halls. They also contributed time and effort for various local charities . In June , 1975, Mrs . Edgar Glynn was elected president and Mrs. Richard Idzikowski is the new Secretary-Treasurer . LIVINGSTON KENNEL CLUB By RACHEL BELL The Livingston Kennel Club was established through the interest of Mr. Lee Townsend. Originally founded under the name of Livingston County Kennel Club, Mr. Townsend felt that this growing area was in desperate need of an all breed club. He inserted an advertisement in the local Howell newspaper and the response to his invitation to meet at the Howell Recreation Center was very gratifying. The first meeting was held in conjunction with the meeting of the Michigan Association for Purebred Dogs in January, 1969. Mr. Townsend was selected as the first president. Six charter members currently active in the club are Harry and Phyllis Eastin, William and Delores Gidday, and Don and Jean McColl. Work was begun on the constitution and a designated time was agreed upon for monthly meetings. The meeting was held every first Tuesday of the month in Howell at the Howell Recreation Center. The first fun match was held on Memorial Day, May, 1969, at Hartland High School. The total entry in classes and obedience trials was 386. This was the very first event of its 263 kind for Livingston County and was welcomed by the local residents as well as seasoned dog exhibitors. In the fall of 1969, the club decided to help introduce obedience classes to Livingston County. At this time there was no available class where one could receive help with their dog without having to travel many miles to another county. By the fall of 1970 a ten week course in Beginner's Obedience and Conformation was being offered . A monthly newsletter , started in 1970, is sent to all members . It informs club members of club activities or any worthy news pertaining to purebred dogs and American Kennel Club activities . Up to the present time members have sponsored 12 matches. Because of the combined efforts of each and every member of the club these matches have been a tremendous success . Our goal in the near future is to obtain a Sanctioned A Match which is the preceeding step towards a pointed American Kennel Club show. The officers for 1975-76a re : President, William Gidday; Vice President , Harry Eastin; Treasurer , Phyllis Eastin; Recording Secretary , Delores Gidday . The objectives of the Livingston Kennel Club are : {a) to encourage and promote the breeding of purebred dogs and to do all possible to bring their natural qualities to perfection . (b) to urge members and breeders to accept the standards of the breeds as approved by the American Kennel Club as the only standard of excellence by which all breeds shall be judged . (c) to do all in its power to protect and advance the interests of the breeds by encouraging sportsmanlike competition at dog shows and obedience trials under the rules of the American Kennel Club. The Livingston Kennel Club is involved in many community services . Obedience and conformation classes, held each spring and fall, have been very successful. Also, twice a year , matches are held and are open to all breeds in conformation and obedience. A referral service, the Breeder's Registry , informs the public of qualified breeders in their area and serves as an information center . Recently , the club was called upon by the local townships to draw up an ordinance on kennels, private, boarding, etc . Cohoctah Township accepted the ordinance as we presented it and other townships in our county are planning on our assistance . Several club members are active in raising and working with Leader Dogs for the Blind. At each club meeting we are trying to have something of interest to the communit y as well as our own club members. Invited lecturer s have spoken on various topics such as pertinent legislation , breeding, genetics, judging , diseases , and dog nutrition . In the past , members have written articles for the Livingston County Press and have been on the local radio station explaining dog shows, fun matches, etc. For the public's knowledge, books have been donated to the local libraries . The Livingston Kennel Club will continue in its efforts to serve the community and thereby promote the goals of the American Kennel Club. Guests are welcome to attend our general membership meetings on the second Tuesday of each month at the Howell Recreation Center. For further information contact P.O. Box 123, Howell, Mich., 48843, or refer to Breeder 's Registry ad in the Livingston County Press. HOWELL JAYCEES By DENNIS MOWREY The Howell Jaycees were organized largely through the 264 efforts of its charter president, Howard Kieft and Paul Baldwin . The year was 1948 and for 27 years the Howell Jaycees have led the community of Howell to unforeseen heights . The courthouse lawn has been the scene of many Jaycee projects and not surprising the first project , a turtle race, was held on the courthouse lawn. While the first project might have been a slow start, by 1953 the Howell Jaycees had chartered the Brighton and Durand chapters. Their other activities were the Livingston County March of Dimes , Christmas baskets to the needy, Cub Scouts , annual Easter Egg hunts and Fishing Derbys for the children. Ed McPherson ran the 1953J unior Golf and Tennis, the Chrysler Corporation aided and supported the Howell Jaycees Road- E-0 and the Voice of Democracy was another project for the Howell teenager in 1953. These projects all required money and to keep them rolling the Howell Jaycees had a moneymaker in the annual Home and Builders Show. The March of Dimes and the fight of polio kept the Howell Jaycees busy during the late 50's and into the 1960's. In 1960 Doc Pat May was bringing in people from across the state with the first Melon Festival. The 1964 Howell Melon Festival was handled by the Howell Jaycees and chaired by Al Latson , from 1964 the Howell Melon Festival has been coordinated by the Howell Jaycees. The programs and projects today still require money and the Oktoberfest is the biggest income the Howell Jaycees have and with the most fun. Along with the communities of Brighton and Durand the Howell Jaycees extended Jaycee chapters in Milford, Hartland, Fowlerville, Webberville, and just last year Perry . These communities are now experiencing the same type of growth and activities as has been shown in Howell these past 27 years . New projects come along with new people and give added interest to older members . Clayton Fryer introduced the First World Brotherhood Day in Howell, yes, around the flag pole on the good old courthouse lawn. The Boy Scout Jamborette, a camping outing for the mentally and physically handicapped scouts in Michigan and the first one held east of the Rocky Mountains was accomplished through the efforts of Howell Jaycee, Bob Hath, the Special Olympics by Dave Farabee . The annual Christmas trip to the Howell State Hospital, Pee Wee Football and Basketball , the fishing derby , Easter egg hunt are now traditional Howell Jaycee projects . More recent projects the Howell Jaycees run and promote for their community are the Jaycee Park, Bag It Don't Burn It , Junior Champ, Burns Awareness , Bicentennial , Halloween Party . The names keep growing each year and more money is raised and returned to the community , the one element remains the same and that's the Howell Jaycees enthusiasm and their motto . . .leadership development through community involvement. President of the Howell Jaycees for 1975-76, Dennis Mowrey. HOWELL JAYCEE AUXILIARY (JAYCETTES) By CAROL EATON, JEAN GEHRINGER, JEANNE McDOUGALL AND PAT WINSHIP The Howell Jaycee Auxiliary was formed in 1950 and will celebrate its 26th year of service to Howell during the bicentennial year. From its first president , Betty Devereaux (Mrs . William ), to its current president , Jean Gehringer (Mrs. Richard ), the Auxiliary has served the community of Howell and helped make it a better place to live. They also help the Howell Jaycees in their community service areas . During their 26 years they have run several money making projects . They ran concessions during the Home Builders Show for most of the years that it was held. They've held benefit dances and helped raise money for the Band Boosters . Their newest money maker is the Children's Only Christmas Shop started in 1973 which also includes a bazaar and bake sale. Their profits have been divided in many different areas of the community . They have contributed to McPherson Community Hospital almost every year. They have bought toys, games , books, record players, made curtains and decorated the pediatric ward at different times. They have held benefit dances for the hospital to raise funds and buy incubators. They have contributed to Hillcrest Center , Livingston Manor and the Drug Council. They have also bought playground equipment and picnic tables for the Howell City Park as well as given money to the Recreation Department to purchase equipment. They have bought many books and periodicals for the Howell Carnegie Library, the most recent being a set of Bicentennial Books. They spent many years supplying needy families with clothes and food. They have run babysitting clinics, expectant mothers classes , baby contests and sponsored several Girl Scout and Brownie Troops . In 1968-69t hey began the Helping Hands program in the community . This is a program to prevent child molestation and gives children a safe home to go to. Approved homes display a picture of a hand in their window. In 1969-70t hey built a life size paper mache pony and started running the Patch the Pony program through the schools. Every year Patch the Pony visits all the elementary and nursery school classrooms in Howell and teaches the children to beware of strangers and gifts they offer. Patch teaches them the slogan , "Nay, Nay, From Strangers Stay Away." Both of these prevention programs are still running strong. For over 20 years the Jaycettes have assisted at all the Blood Banks run in Howell. In February 1975 they took over the entire responsibility of coordinating the Blood Bank three times a year. The Auxiliary ran the Children 's Story Hour at the Howell Carnegie Library for several years and also assisted the librarian in arranging, sorting and repairing books. They have helped many years with the polio campaign , Mother 's March for the March of Dimes and this year are in charge of the Cystic Fibrosis program in Howell. They currently run a craft program at Greenbriar Convalescent Home once a month and pick up lunch every day for the Senior Citizens group in Howell. They also run a children 's parade during the summer for Howell's children. These began in 1974. During the Howell Jaycettes 26 years they have extended Jaycee Auxiliaries into 12 other communities including Brighton , Hartland, Pinckney, Fowlerville and Lansing . The Howell Jaycee Auxiliary has grown along with the community of Howell through the years. They started in 1950 with seven Jaycee wives and currently have a membership of 50 young women dedicated to serving Howell and making it a better place to live. AMERICAN BUSINESS WOMEN'S ASSOCIATION By PEG SHEAR The Achates Charter Chapter of the American Business Women's Association was chartered in June, 1972, in Howell with 29 charter members . This chapter was founded by Carolyn Lipp, who had moved to Howell from North Carolina, only to find there was not an ABWA chapter locally in which she could transfer her membership . She then set out to sign up a minimum of 25 new members , which is required nationally to charter a new chapter . The chapter installation ceremony was held at the Holiday Inn in Howell with officers and members from the Pontiac chapter conducting the honors. Carolyn Lipp was then installed as the chapter's first president. The purpose of the American Business Women's Association is to further women in business and to improve employee-employer relationships through education . Annually the organization honors a "Woman of the Year," selected on the basis of business accomplishments, and activities in her church and community, and a "Boss of the Year, " selected on his / her working relationship with the association member-employee. Nationally the association has in excess of 750,000 members and awards more than a half million dollars in scholarships and grant to women for educational purposes . In the last three years , the chapter membership has grown to75 members. Since the inception of this chapter three years ago, we have given scholarship monies to five local girls , totalling over $1100.00. The 1975 president is Margaret "Peg" Shear and the 1976 president will be elected in September. LIVINGSTON COURIER CHAPTER OF QUESTERS, INC. NO. 261 By JOY SCOFIELD AND BARBARA ITSELL Questers Incorporated , founded in 1944, is a national , nonprofit organization composed of almost 800 chapters in the United States and foreign countries. It is dedicated to the purpose of the study of antiques through group and individual research, and the donation of funds for the preservation of memorials and historical buildings . In May of 1966, a group of Howell women, drawn together by their common interest in antiques and all that they represent , decided to organize and apply for affiliation with this national organization . By September of that year, the group had been registered as The Livingston Courier Chapter of Questers, Incorporated , No. 261, and began holding meetings on a monthly basis. Traditionally , the name of each Quester Chapter reflects something of both historical significance and local interest. This chapter chose the title of the earliest newspaper in the area. " The Livingston Courier " was first published on January 10, 1843. The operation was moved from Brighton to Howell nine months later where publishing continued until April, 1857. Each member of the chapter has a program handbook that has a reproduction of a portion of the June 12, 1843 issue for its cover . Mrs. Terence Beebe (Barbara ) was the first president of the chapter . Then, as now, an executive board , appointed annually, guided the chapter. The membership is limited to twenty individuals who meet at members ' homes. Programs are varied and include such things as field trips, guest speakers, craft workshops, and presentations of research by members. This year there will be much reference in the program to the fact that this is the Tenth Anniversary of the Chapter. Current president is Mrs. David Itsell (Barbara ). In the fall of 1971, the Livingston Courier Questers par - ticipated in the presentation of the designation sign for the Depot Museum and the Livingston County Historical Society. In commemoration of the Bicentennial, the Livingston Courier Questers began working on a quilt in January of 1975. The pattern for the quilt is " The Dresden Plate, " and is done in red , white and blue. The finished piece will be the focal point of a window display being prepared for a contest sponsored by the National Questers Organization . This display will feature documented original and reproduced 265 artifacts of the 1776 era, and will be on display in the downtown Howell area during the Bicentennial festivies. After this, the quilt will be given to the Livingston County Historical Society. As a part of the National Questers Program , the chapters not only work on their local levels to preserve the past, but on a broader base as well. The National Headquarters at 210 Quince Street in Philadelphia is a beautifully restored home that still boasts the original exterior . Of still greater importance is the extensive Elizabeth Jessie Bardens Library, housed within, and named after the founder of the organization . The library is open to the public and is the only library of its kind in the United States . It contains reference books, magazines , periodicals , and literally thousands of study papers on every subject imaginable concerning antiques. Because many people had expressed an interest in becoming Questers, the Livingston Courier Chapter hosted an open meeting at the Howell Township Hall in March of 1975. Out of that event two new local chapters were organized: " Spring's Red Bird ," and "The Court House Squares ." It would appear that there are many in the Howell area who subscribe to the Quester motto: "Its' Fun to Search, and a Joy to Find!" COURTHOUSE SQUARE QUESTERS, CHAPTER NO. 745 By MARGUERITE VAN LOON The Courthouse Square Chapter No. 745 was sponsored by the Livingston Courier Questers and officially organized on March 27, 1975. It was deemed necessary by the state organizer to form this new chapter due to the enthusiastic number of local citizens who wished to join a Questers group and devote a part of their life to the research, study and preservation of antiquities . The name of the chapter was carefully selected by the new membership in dedication not only to our own Livingston County Courthouse but to the historical significance of the thousands of courthouses across our land and the part they played in this country's development. The Courthouse Square chapter's history is brief due to the fact that it is so very new at this writing. However, we have allied ourselves with the purposes and ideals of the Quester organization and hope that we may serve our future generations by leaving to them an inheritance of beauty and grace which may be found in our country 's past. Listed below is our first board of executives : President, Mrs. Alfred Van Loon (Marguerite ); Vice-President, Miss Isbelle Parker; Recording Secretary, Mrs . Robert Armour (Meta ); Treasurer, Mrs . Theodore Vernier (Nancy); Corresponding Secretary, Mrs . Cedric Matthews (Jeanne); Historian , Miss Mary Reed . Charter members and their individual duties : Parlimentarian , Mrs . Roscoe Stuber (Darbi) ; Program Chairman, Mrs. Robert Matheson (Julie) ; Publicity Chairman, Mrs. Theodore Malafouris (Pat). SPRING'S RED BIRD QUESTERS, CHAPTER NO. 744 By POLLY HOLSTED The beginning was a long time ago, back in 1840, over one hundred and thirty years ago. The place was a small town in southeastern Michigan, named Howell. The hotel known as the old " Stage House," was being built by Allen C. Weston, 266 who was the proprietor of a stage-line or of some kind of conveyance running between Detroit and Howell, which he had established in 1838. Before the house was completed, Mr. Weston's eyesight had become badly impaired, making it difficult for him to stay in business . Realizing this, he exchanged the stage house and stand with a Benjamin J. Spring , for property in Howell that was owned by Mr. Spring . Mr. Spring moved to Howell in 1841, completed the house and opened and kept it for the purpose intended by Mr. Weston. He, also ran a stage-line between Howell and Detroit making three trips per week. He built and put upon this line a clumsy open stage-wagon, which he named the " Red Bird " and which became well known, and somewhat famous in its day. The Honorable J. W. Turner described the wagon as having been a vehicle of a bright and tawdry red color, compactly built , for it had to serve not only as a stage on dry land, but also to perform the service of a yawl, through what was known as " the rapids ," in the vicinity of Detroit. His pet , the " Red Bird ," was often driven by Spring himself, who was more than a little proud of his skill as a reinsman . His pride however , received a heavy blow in the summer of 1844, in the following way: He was returning from Detroit on the " box" of the "Red Bird ," and arriving rather late in the evening, drove his horses directly into a hole which had been dug during his absence for the reception of a flagstaff to be reared on the following day . This was to be in honor of the Democratic Presidential candidates, Polle and Dallas . The hole, which was near the front line of the present courthouse square, had been left unguarded , and it was not through carelessness or lack of skill on the driver that the accident occurred . However, it furnished an opportunity for the perpetration of innumerable jokes at Spring's expense, much to his disgust. He finally sold his stage-line and hotel. The hotel was never again used as a public house . It was destroyed in the great fire of September, 1857. Spring's Red Bird was organized March 27, 1975. Our first and present president is Polly Hoisted. HOWELL AREA JUNIOR BASEBALL By WILLIAM SCOFIELD Howell Area Junior Baseball had an austere beginning in 1956. With an ideal, Paul Bennett and the Howell Area Recreation Commission created one four team league of approximately 60 boys. They were equipped with colored Tshirts and caps and played one night a week. This limited program led to the forming in 1957 of the Howell Area Junior Baseball Association. Its objectives were to implant in boys of the Howell area the ideals of good sportsmanship, honesty , loyalty , courage and reverence so that they might be finer, stronger and happier young men. These objectives were to be achieved by providing supervised, competitive, baseball games, where the stress of winning the game was secondary to the instilling of good principles. Paul Bennett was the associations first commissioner and Bill Scofield its president for the first two years. One of the biggest cooperative civic events ever staged in Howell, at the time, occurred Sunday, December 1, 1957. On that day some 25 men with trucks , bulldozer , dragline and scraper started the new junior baseball field where it now stands. Under the direction of Ralph Nauss over 300 loads of fill dirt were deposited on the new diamond , thanks to Wayne Fosket , L. E . Chapman, Arnold Erb , D & J Gravel Co., Harmon Block Co., and the City of Howell. Stanley Kroll donated the fill dirt. To run the equipment over 250 gallons of gasoline were donated by many of the local gasoline dealers . It was estimated that over $15,000.00 of labor and equipment were donated on this one Sunday at a cost of coffee and donuts. The first game was played on the new field on June 30, 1958. Two leagues of 150 boys in a major league with boys 13 through 15 and the minor league with boys 10 12 started the season . The initial budget of approximately $5500.00i ncluded complete uniforms and equipment. After this initial investment , which was made possible by the service clubs, individuals , business and industrial contributions and money making projects , the budget approximated $2000.00 per year. To recognize the vast amount of time , effort and inspiration given by Paul Bennett to this program the new field was dedicated as Paul Bennett Field . The program continued to grow through the years. By the early 1970's the field needed complete rebuilding and new fields were needed to accommodate more boys. Jess Mack came forward and through his efforts the field was rebuilt into a first class ball park. New fields were built and the program received a needed shot in the arm . Today in 1975, 750 boys from seven through seventeen are playing baseball in seven leagues of forty-eight teams . An annual budget of approximately $10,000.00 covers the cost. This program in its 19 years of existence has benefitted several thousand boys. It was made possible by untold hours of time and effort contributed by so numerous men and women, moms and dads of the Howell area that it would be impossible to name them all here. HOWELL LIONS CLUB By D. R. WINES The presentation of the first charter to the Howell Lions Club was made May 15, 1939.T he original club consisted of 31 members . Its first president was Russell D. Woodruff; first vice president , Herbert T. Proctor ; second vice president , John R. MacDonald ; third vice president, Jay P. Sweeney; secretary , Herman H. Heeg ; treasurer, John F . Scully ; Lion Tamer , Tom Blevins, Sr. ; and Tail Twister , Frank D. Bush. Our name and what it stands for: L-Loyalty to country , community and home I-Individual integrity in thought, word and deed 0-0ur flag, our language N-New ideals , new hopes, new ambitions in business and profession S-Service that is founded on the Golden Rule The major project of Lions International is working with the blind . Glasses have been donated to needy persons, the blind entertained by the Howell Lions Club, leader dogs, free of charge, supplied to those blind persons requesting one and the Michigan Lions eye bank is used for eye transplants. President of the Howell Lions Club for the year 1975 is Donald E. Rink. HONKER CHASERS, N.C.H.A. By MRS . HAZEN MERROW The Honker Chasers, N.C.H.A. Chapter No. 38, had its origin in 1966 under the direction of Marjorie Shulkins (Miner ) and Ken Stumph. The constitution was adopted at a meeting held April 6, 1966 in the community room of the Brighton State Bank. The name Honker Chasers was also chosen at that time . Hunting vests were decided upon as the official vest at a meeting on June 16, 1966. The chapter charter was presented at a potluck supper on June 21, 1966 at the Possum Hollow Picnic Grounds in Kensington Park. The officers at this time were: Don Hollums, President ; Ron (Shirley ) Jackson , Vice President ; Ruth (Dale ) Duncan , Secretary ; Shirley (Ron) Jackson , Treasurer ; Mickey (Joan ) Nauss , Board Member ; Clifford Foulks , Board Member . Charter members also included: Ed and Jean Neubeck, Jack and Wanda Kinloch, Bob and Jackie Chenoweth, Lamar and Rhodora Wood, Dick and Judy Mortemore. (The Woods and Kinlochs are still members of the chapter ). On March 12, 1967 the chapter adopted the Canadian goose as their symbol, sky blue and grass green as the chapter colors, and the motto, of course , " The Friendliest People in the World." The back patch created at this time was circular in shape, incorporated the chapter colors and depicted a goose flying over a lake, with "Honker Chasers " printed around the top edge and "Michigan 38" at the bottom . At the present time Mr. William (Bill) Hart is the chapter field director. Our current board of directors consists of: the president of Honker Chasers for 1975 Harold Coddington and the president for 1976 will be Carl Peterson. The Honker Chasers , now numbering 20 family units , meet once a month , the third Friday weekend, for a camp-out and business meeting . Each month a committee of two couples choose a campsite and acts as host and hostess for the weekend . They supply the coffee for morning coffee break , each family contributing whatever else they desire . The committee also plans a social time . The past year this has included such activities as games, horseback riding, a scavenger hunt and square dancing . Small groups usually take short hikes during the weekend . And, of course , the campfire is always enjoyed on Friday and Saturday evening as weather permits. Saturday everyone shares together at a potluck meal at 1 :00 p.m . in the winter months at 5:30 p.m . in the summer months. A business meeting is held following the meal. Honker Chasers camp eleven months of the year. In December a Christmas party is planned, featuring a potluck supper, games and gag gifts distributed by Santa and Mrs. Claus. The Christmas tree is decorated with homemade ornaments brought by the chapter members . Food and toys are collected for the Salvation Army . LIVINGSTON COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY By HELEN F . LEWIS Our society came into being as the result of a problem facing the local Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR). They had been requested to find new quarters for their museum which had been housed in the Howell Carnegie Librar y since 1910. Expansion problems had forced the library into utilizing the area being used for their historical display . The DAR, at that time, had neither the funds nor the membership to undertake such a move. They contacted Mr. Norman Pettibone, who generously volunteered temporary storage for their historical collection, and asked his help in finding a permanent home for it. It was felt that an organization interested in preserving our local heritage , open to everyone, could better cope with the operation of a museum. He contacted a group of interested persons, and an organizational meeting was held in the Old Howell House on a Sunday afternoon in 1968. That same year our society was incorporated . Our first officers were Norman Pettibone, President ; Jerry Crane , Vice-President ; Janet Rohrbacher , Secretary ; Rebecca Hewlett, Treasurer . Director was David L. Kuehn and Trustees : Nellie Lansing Glenn ; Wilton Chamberlain; and Edwin C. Lewis. 267 Our charter members were Nellie Lansing Glennn (deceased) ; Norman and Barbara Pettibone; Wilton Chamberlain; Donald and Rebecca Hewlett ; Edwin and Helen Lewis ; Kristin Heinig; David Timmons ; Esther N. Clark ; Dorothy Jean Blanchard; Janet Rohrabacher; Mrs . Bonnie D. Page (deceased) ; David L. Kuehn; Jerry L. Crain . We felt that our first priority was finding a permanent home for our museum. It was suggested that we contact the Ann Arbor Railroad regarding their depot, as many other communities were obtaining these unused facilities . Much to our delight, they were very receptive. As they knew our purpose was to restore and preserve the building, they proposed a very nominal price. Our next move was a project to raise the necessary funds. It was decided that an old-fashioned auction sale be held. Antiques and usable items were solicited from all over the area . Committee members collected and hauled items for most of the year . The auction was slated to be held at the farm home of Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Rose. The big day dawned and members appeared to work, dressed in costumes of the 1890's. It was a tremendous success, and we were able to purchase the depot outright on January 30, 1970. Our museum now houses the items originally in the DAR collection, as well as many more obtained since our formation from enthusiastic contributors. Among them are artifacts from original settlers, and other rare old items that contribute to making it one of the finest small museums in the state. As an annual fund raising project, we have a Flea Market and Open House at our Depot Museum each year during the Melon Festival. It is becoming increasingly more popular every year ; and our profits permit us to operate our museum with open house summer week-day afternoons, and scheduled tours during the rest of the year . Our dream is to be able to have our museum open year-round. Another project that has given us great satisfaction, is the reprinting of the 1880 History of Livingston County, Michigan. A committee of members completely indexed the book, and this was added to the reprint. The demand for the book is very gratifying, and we feel we accomplished something very worthwhile. We recently contacted a very talented local artist, James Ross, and he has generously agreed to provide paintings of local scenes and buildings , with the object of having them reproduced as colored prints for framing. These will be available through the society in 1976 as a Bicentennial project for the year. Our society is vigorous and growing, with a total membership of 191, as we attract members of all ages . Our officers for the 1975-1976 fiscal year are Chester Clark , President ; Mary Reed, Vice-President; Helen Lewis, Secretary ; Rebecca Hewlett, Treasurer . Permanent Director is Norman Pettibone and Trustees: Mrs . Esther N. Clark, Mr. Julius Zink and Mrs. Ruth Hasbrouck. Our meetings are currently being held the third Wednesday of the month at the Howell Township Hall at 7:30 p.m . (except for July and August recess). We are looking forward to a long and useful service to our county in preserving its heritage . HOWELL PRESCHOOLERS, INC By VICKI A. REPIK Howell Preschoolers, Inc . was founded in 1958b y a group of mothers who wanted to provide a preschool learning experience for their children. Family participation is an important part of each child's learning experience in this 268 cooperative nursery. The overall goals listed by its Board of Mothers are: 1. To provide a variety of group experiences for children to participate in, to learn cooperation with others, and discover their own interests and 2. To enhance each child's feeling of self-worth through successful participation in a group and as an individual. Mrs. Mary Tobias was the first teacher and due to a highly successful first year, Mrs . Ann Andrews joined her in teaching the following year. At present, Sally Campbell , who has been with us 12 years and Martha Hubbel, who has been with us eight years, are teaching our youngsters. For the 1974-75s chool year, 105 children were enrolled. Mrs. Ruth Miller was the first president of the Board of Mothers . Mrs. Doris Ostrander is the president for the 1975-76 school year. Special points of interest: We have developed a preschool curriculum guide entitled Getting Acquainted With My World, which outlines units and daily lesson plans with goals, concepts , activities , and resources stated in a manner conducive to the stimulation of ideas and is also adaptable to any preschool program . This text is available to parents at a nominal charge. We established a scholarship fund to be awarded annually to youngsters in the community who would otherwise not have the advantage of the worthwhile experience of nursery school. Donations from the community are acceptable and most welcome . PHILIP LIVINGSTON CHAPTER DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION By ESTHER NEWCOMB CLARK Philip Livingston, patriot was the name chosen by twelve women with proper credentials to organize a chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Philip Livingston was born in 1716 and died in 1778. He graduated from Yale University in 1737, was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, also a member of the First and Second Continental Congress in New York and later served as a congressman and senator from that state. The first meeting of the chapter was held April 19, 1908, which was the 133rd anniversary of the Battle of Lexington . The membership increased rapidly, and the work of the chapter has followed that of the National Society, its programs have covered the history of the country both national and local and its progress through the years , with meetings devoted to every phase of patriotic work, genealogy , art, literature and government. National Defense has been an outstanding topic of discussion. The meetings have always maintained the dignity of the original conception of the society, each member realizing the honor of her heritage from the founders of the United States. Philip Livingston Chapter DAR has given generously to all national projects of the society, and during World Wars one and two the work of each member in every patriotic effort of the community was outstanding . In 1909 the DAR museum opened in the Carnegie Library, relics were donated by many local people. The museum was listed with the Michigan Historical Society, but as the City of Howell needed and demanded the space in the library , the chapter had to find new quarters. We joined with the Livingston County Historical Society, and are very proud that our relics and momentoes are being seen and enjoyed at the Depot Museum at the foot of Walnut Street in Howell City. Flag Day has from the first been observed by the chapter . On June 14, 1911 two flags were presented to the Carnegie Library, and in 1915, a memorial tree was planted on the library lawn . Flag Day, 1916 the first historical marker was unveiled at the site of the first schoolhouse in Howell. Flag Day, 1924, a boulder was placed by the chapter at West Grand River and Prospect Streets marked the Old Indian Trail. Again in 1937 on Flag Day, two boulders with placques were placed with proper ceremony, at the sites of the homes of the two men from Livingston County who had been governors of Michigan, Kingsley Bingham in Green Oak and Edwin B. Winans in Hamburg Township. Constitution Day has always been marked with special programs . Good Citizen Girls have been selected from the five Livingston County high schools since 1930, to be recognized at State Conferences with other Michigan students. The membership has influenced many people with its exemplification of the seven words of DAR Purpose- " Historic Preservation-Promotion of Education-Patriotic Endeavor ." HOWELL LODGE NO. 38 FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS by CLIFF HELLER Organized November, 1849 in Howell, Mich. with 16 members receiving the charter on January 15, 1850. The first Worship Master was Amos Adams, well-known hotel keeper and land surveyor here, followed shortly by Dr . Gardner Wheeler beloved and skillful physician. Freemasonry is a world-wide brotherhood, a system of morality , veiled in allegory and illustrated by using the working tools of the builder as symbols to teach men how good and pleasant a thing it is for Brethern to dwell together in unity. Lodges hold strictly aloof from discussions of religion or politics . Each state has its own organization of officers and laws. Howell Lodge has had one of its members as Grand Master of Michigan , Hugh A. McPherson, 1918. He also served as Grand Treasurer for 25 years (1920-1945.) Rev. Clyde Donald served as Grand Chaplain from 1934-196.7 The present Worship Master is William E. Kerr. Howell Lodge No. 38 is the parent lodge of Fowlerville and Pinckney Lodges. The Masonic Temple here is one of the newest and best equipped in the state . The Masonic Home at Alma has been the recipient of many donations from the membership. The members of the order, living by the principles laid down by it have been a quiet and strong force in the community for its moral and spiritual development. Nearly 1100 men have been members of the order here in Howell since 1849. ORDER OF THE EASTERN STAR By LUCILE S. BROWN The Order of the Eastern Star is a branch of the Masonic Order . Both men and women may be members . Its teachings are based upon the Bible. It seeks to provide aid to needy, both youth and elderly. Through the Grand Chapter, our chapter has contributed to the Masonic Home, the Eastern Star Villa and scholarships for college students. On March 6, 1867, the Howell Eastern Star Family was organized with 14 members. The society grew and at one time had 60 members. The group continued for one year. Howell Chapter 118, Order of the Eastern Star was instituted in 1894 and continued until 1898. Howell Chapter 372, Order of the Eastern Star was instituted Sept. 8, 1908 and the charter was granted Oct. 15, 1908. Rosadel Lansing was the first Worthy Matron and Dr . Charles Skinner was the first Worthy Patron . Other Charter members were William E . and Mabel Beach, Frank Lansing , Charles and Maude Gough, Fred and Marion Lewis, George and Mary Payne, Fred and De Folia Schroeder, Flora Skinner, Julia Teasdale, Amos and Carrie Winegar , Edith Wines, Royal and Frank Hardy, Edith Greene, Wilbur and Minnie Johnson, Walter and Grace Knapp , Henry and Carrie Rola son and Albert Smith. Henry Wines was the first initiate . This chapter has continued to grow and at present has a membership of 397. Allyson Davis and Richard Davis are the 1975-76W orthy Matron and Worthy Patron of the Chapter . Howell Chapter has been represented in Michigan Grand Chapter by Grace Hall as Grand Ruth, Mary Merrow as Grand Esther as well as Grand Committee Members and Grand Representatives. FARM BUREAU By CLAUDINE JACKSON The Livingston County Farm Bureau was organized in 1918 with Jim Hayes as the first president. It was a part of the state Farm Bureau which is a voluntary organization of farmers banded together to do for agriculture those things that farmers cannot do as individuals. The county has always been an active participant in the programs of the state and national organization. They have been involved in the legislative programs in Lansing and Washington. Each election year they have sponsored political education programs hearing candidates from both political parties . Issues of the times have been covered by policies written at the county level. Some of these policies express concerns within the county which affect the lives of the farm families . Vance Miller, Hollis Miller, Gale Hoisington, Claude Burkhart , and Andrew Jackson went to Illinois to study their insurance program with a delegation from other counties in the state . Results of the state wide study was the establishment of Michigan Farm Bureau Mutual Insurance Company. Later Farm Bureau Life and Community Services was organized. The company issues insurance policies particularly adaptable to farmers . The county has had good community group participation. They have had active committees in Junior Farm Bureau , and later in Young Farmers program . They had one of the first Farm Bureau Women's organizations in the state. Land use is a real concern to agriculture , the county Farm Bureau has sponsored meetings on land use. Men from Livingston County who have served on the state Farm Bureau Board of Directors are: Edward Fritch , Robert Smith, and Andrew Jackson . Henry Hudson is President of the Livingston County Farm Bureau in 1975. FARM BUREAU WOMEN By CLAUDINE JACKSON The Livingston County Farm Bureau Women were organized in 1946. Mrs . Claude Burkhart hosted the meeting on July 31 at her home with 26 present. Mrs . Marjorie Karker , State Coordinator of Farm Bureau Women's activities , was present. Mrs. Burkhart was the first Livingston County Women's Chairman . The county unit is a committee of the Farm Bureau and helps to carry out the policy and programs of the total organization . The county had a special goal and interest in 269 health . They worked for the establishment of the McPherson Community Health Center , giving of their time, talent and money to help the county realize this dream . They took the position that both medical and osteopathic doctors should be able to practice at the hospital. The Hospital Women's Auxiliary was originally sponsored by Farm Bureau Women. They worked with the Sister Kenny unit. They sold slow moving vehicle emblems and "Health Charms." Health has continued to be one of their concerns as expressed by working with cancer detection , hearing tests , and numerous preventative health measures. They have developed first aid kits for the farm, and have sponsored First Aid classes . Policy development is an important part of Farm Bureau, and the women have always been involved in helping to establish and implement the organizations policy. Legislation is the keystone to Farm Bureau , and the Women are directly involved in this process. They write legislators on issues confronting agriculture, and the community in which the farm family lives. Each year they sponsor a Legislative Seminar to Washington D.C. Interest in the youth has been expressed by a Citizenship Seminar held each year. Students are selected from each county and given a scholarship by the women. They have established a Marjorie Karker scholarship at Michigan State University available to students from Farm Bureau families who are enrolled in veterinary medicine , agriculture , or human ecology. The women helped raise funds for the 4-H Camp Kett project. Improved consumer understanding is a concern of the Women's group and they have had mall displays , farm tours , rural-urban luncheons , and news articles to give greater understanding of the role of agriculture . The motion to have a State Farm Bureau Women's Committee was made at the state annual Farm Bureau meeting by Mrs . Claude Burkhart, and carried . Women who have served as chairman of the Livingston County Farm Bureau Women are : Mrs. Claude Burkhart, Mrs. Hannes Musch, Mrs. Sherman Richards , Mrs. Homer Armstrong , Mrs. Henry Roggenkamp , Mrs . Harry Elliott , Mrs. Clayton Anderson, Mrs. Jesse Spalding , Mrs. Roger Hosley, Mrs. Clifford Van Horn, Mrs. Andrew Jackson, Mrs . Henry Hudson, and Mrs. Rex Wilson. MODERN MOTHERS CHILD STUDY CLUB By SHARON La VOIE The Modern Mothers Child Study Club was first organized in 1957. Our first president was Doris Fellows. The purpose of our organization is to associate together for parent education and child development, to discuss childhood problems and to establish bonds of friendship . Our new president for the year 1975-76i s Sharon LaVoie. Our club has a main project every year that we work on. We have helped the children at the Rickett School in Brighton. We have made cookbooks of all our favorite recipes and this year we made the decorations and baked a cake for the Senior Citizens Valentine Party. And, every month one of our members donates the cake for their birthday party. JACK AND JILL CHILD STUDY CLUB By MRS. MARGE WILLIAMS AND MRS . JOAN WILKINSON It was originally Tiny Tots II Child Study Club. The name Jack and Jill Child Study Club was selected in October 1958, 270 with Mrs . Kathleen St. Onge (Richard ) as the first president. Our purpose is to associate together for the purpose of parent education and child development. We try to gear our program toward children, social activities and individual interests as wives and mothers. We have helped out many needy families , given to Special Education at Northwest School, library for new books, made lap robes for Greenbriar Convalescent Center , Co-op Nursery School, Maxey Boys Training School and our taco stand at the Melon Festival. Each year a member of the year is voted on, based on her outstanding work, along with attendance , promptness, attentiveness to program, cooperation, willingness to volunteer , participation , dependability , contributes towards betterment of club and courteousness. We are affiliated with the Michigan Child Study Club Association. Our president for the 1975-76y ear is Mrs . Joan Wilkinson (Herman ). PINS TO PADDLES CHILD STUDY CLUB By MARILYN ARMITAGE AND ALICE MILLER Pins to Paddles Child Study Club is thirteen years old this year. The first meeting took place in October , 1962, and the charter was received in April, 1963, from M.C.S.A. The first were Judy Penzien, president; Rebecca Kennedy, first vice-president; Nancy Cook, second vice-president ; Marilyn Recker, recording secretary and Beverly Kulick, treasurer . Six charter members are still active and three hold associate memberships . Active members are Vicky Fournier , Betty Goniea, Alice Miller, Marilyn Recker, Juliette Redinger, and Carol Sherston. Associate members are Vivian Grove, Rebecca Kennedy and Judy Penzien. The first program was titled "Toilet Training." From that basic start the topics and speakers have been varied and included many aspects of child rearing and information valuable to our members . Clergymen , doctors, social workers, phychologists, and our own members have presented the informative programs . The club has contributed to the community by sponsoring a Girl Scout Troop, leading the March of Dimes for Howell, and contributed to needy families . Pins to Paddles has received two awards for program covers, and first place for content of the booklet form M.C.S.A. With this strong foundation, and dedication of the members, the club will have continuing success. The president for the 1975 year is Mrs . Frank Callahan . AMERICAN LEGION AUXILIARY DEVEREAUX UNIT 141 :By LOUISE SILVER The Auxiliary was organized March 20, 1931, with 27 chartered members. The first president was Rena Hubbell. Ten members still survive, two members Mable Phillips and Esther Clark are still members , 1975 membership was 134 members. The purpose of the organization is to help the veteran and his family, our special program is our Poppy Sales. Poppies are made by hand by hospitalized Veterans , the money is spent for child welfare and rehabilitation only. We also have a number of other committees, such as Civilian Defense, Community Service, Education and Scholarship, Foreign Relations, Girls State, Legislation and Americanism. The president for 1975-76w ill be Louise Silver. LIVINGSTON COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY By ROSCOE STUBER, M.D. The Livingston County Medical Society was granted a charter by the Michigan State Medical Society on September 20, 1902. I was unable to get a list of the charter members from the State Medical Society and the secretary of the society who signed his name on the charter was R. H. Baird but unfortunately the signature of the president of the society was illegible and no one could seem to tell me who the initial president was of the society . We have records of the Livingston County Medical Society dating back to 1934. We also have a copy of the charter which states that this charter is accorded in recognition that the society by its constitution and by-laws and by the high ethical standards and professional conduct of its members qualifies with similar constituted societies of other counties as a worthy component of the Michigan State Medical Society. Throughout the years the Livingston County Medical Society has been very active in the affairs of the State Medical Society and has had active representation in the House of Delegates . In our minutes we have records of Dr. Harry Huntington , Dr. Harold Hill, Dr. Edwin Woodworth, and most recently, Dr. Thomas Barton representing our county in the State House of Delegates . Many of our members have also served on other state committees and have made real contributions to the activities of the State Medical Society. Dr . Phillip Schmitt is the president of the Livingston County Medical Society for the 1975-76 year and has continued to maintain a series of monthly meetings where we have had professional speakers from Lansing, Detroit and Ann Arbor throughout the years and have had an excellent educational program . This is associated with each of the dinner meetings. Our county has for many years maintained a very high percentage of its members who attend every meeting of the county medical society and who have actively participated in the program and served as officers of the society. There have been two families who have had several generations of physicians serve the Livingston County area. When Dr . Harry Huntington retired in 1955 he marked the third generation of Dr. Huntingtons to serve the people of Howell. The first Dr. Huntington came to Howell in 1843f rom New York State having served a medical preceptorship with a physician in Farmington . The second Dr . Huntington went to medical school at the University of Michigan and later Dr. Harry Huntington, whose widow still resides in Howell, served the Howell community for over forty-three years. His grandfather was in practice for fifty-six years and his father for fifty-two years in this community. The Siglers have also had three generations of physicians in this area, Dr . Hollis Sigler who died in 1962, his father, Dr. Claude Sigler and his grandfather, Dr. Fred Sigler. Dr. Hollis Sigler 's maternal grandfather was also a doctor in this area. Innumerable stories have been told about the Dr. Siglers, Dr. Janette Brigham, the two Hendren brothers and Dr. Glenn in Fowlerville, Dr's Mellis and McGregor in Brighton and Dr. Ray Duffy in Pinckney . More recently an entire book could be written about the exploits and tales of Dr. Louis E. " Pat " May, the founder of the Melon Festival in 1959 which has become one of the most successful, fun-filled festivals in our area . Physicians throughout the years in Livingston County have maintained a keen interest in community and school activities and have actively engaged in many other clubs and services. Until approximately 1962 the Howell area was served entirely by general practitioners. Since that time with the advent of a full time radiologist , we have had a number of surgical and medical specialists come to our community. We now have several specialists in general surgery , obstetrics and gynecoloty, vascular and thoracic surgery and internal medicine and psychiatry represented among the members of our county medical society . The Livingston County Medical Society plans to continue with service to the members of the Howell community with an increasing scope of patient services in the future. THE WOMEN'S CLUB By MRS. CALVIN GATESMAN A history of the Howell Women's Club as prepared by Mrs . L. E . Howlett, states that the club was established in 1891 and was federated in 1895. To quote : the atmosphere in which the "Women's Club" was formed, is, a prosperous, well kept, aristocratic village. Its fenced in houses were spacious, bordering on the palatial and almost entirely resident owned. Its inhabitants were intelligent, substantial, conservative, church going people. Its social leaders were courteous , dignified, formal and charming. After serious consideration , the following constitution was signed by fifteen charter members: Mrs . S. M. Armstrong , Mrs . C. D. Austin, Mrs. Geo. Barnes , Mrs . H. W. Beach , Miss Ella Burt, Miss Mollie Burt, Mrs . F . G. Hickey, Mrs. W. C. Huntington, Mrs. F . E. Lansing , Mrs . F . G. Lee, Mrs. R. H. Person , Mrs . A. A. Platt , Mrs . E. S. Porter , Mrs. A. Van Patton , Mrs. W. P. Vanwinkle. Some of the by-laws of the constitution are: Membership in this club shall be terminated when a member shall be more than three months in arrears with yearly dues, or shall have failed three times within a year to perform the literary work assigned her , or shall have absented herself from four counsecutive meetings without sending excuse to the president. All members shall consider themselves honor bound, to attend every meeting of the club and to prepare themselves on the topic under discussion . The meetings of the Howell Women's Club had been held in the homes of members, until the membership increased to sixty, when they looked for rooms in which to meet. Those first meetings were over Swann's Store, when it was located on N. Michigan Avenue, in the vicinity of the Livingston County Press. This was leased by the year, signed legally from a Wilson family. Later they moved to rooms over Dr. Hill's office and between 1936-1938w ere given permission by the city council of that time , to have the rooms , downstairs in the Howell Carnegie Library, for as long as the club functioned. Swann's Store was located on what was known then as East Street , not Michigan Avenue. The fountain on the Carnegie Library lawn was donated by the Howell Women's Club. Programs in those early years were similar to those of the present: literary, historical and musical and at one time owned a piano. Marian Earle and Florence Burkhart often entertained with their beautiful voices. Gloves were always worn to meetings and formal dinner parties were held in homes with husbands and men folk. No whispering was allowed in meetings and the president was always addressed: "President in the chair ." There was a committee on " pronunciations" for each meeting, and tardiness was unpermissable . Each meeting was an occasion . One subject, "Life and Sex," caused lively discussion and they also discovered that " Uncle Tom's Cabin" first appeared as a serial in magazines of that day . As a bicentennial conclusion: "The Star Spangled Banner " was sung very frequently . 271 CORINTHIAN SHRINE NO. 52 By CATHERINE HARTMAN Corinthian Shrine No. 52 was instituted December 11, 1947 at Howell, Mich. under the auspices of Supreme Watchman of Shepherds Charles E. Merrill assisted by Bernice Merrill. The first Worthy High Priestess was Nellie Seaton and the first Watchman of Shepherds was Joseph Himmelspach . The White Shrine of Jerusalem is a fraternal organization . On February 23, 1949 a drill team was formed with Lottie McGill as president. The drill team under J . Himmelspach as captain , made many formations such as star , cross and crook emblems of the order . The team added much beauty to the ceremonials. The present Worthy High Priestess is Stella Lovas , Watchman of Shepherds Donald Wade. We meet twice a month, second and fourth Thursdays at the Howell Masonic Temple . We visit many other Shrines and we invite other Shrines to visit us and take part in our ceremonial. Many lasting friendships are formed through these meetings . We are twenty-eight years old and we have 28 living charter members. RAINBOW GIRLS By DEBBIE GROVE Howell of Livingston County Assembly No. 61 of the International Order of the Rainbow for Girls was founded in March of 1951. It is only one of the hundreds statewide and of thousands world-wide. The first Worthy Advisor was Betty Shelters and the first Mother Advisor was Isobell MacDonald. Our sponsoring body is the Order of Eastern Star , and the Worthy Matron and Worthy Patron who were responsible for founding the Order were Elizabeth Griffith , Worthy Matron , and Maurice Coles, Worthy Patron . Ours is a character building organization for young women between the ages of 12 and 18. It also teaches responsibility, because in each four month term , the Worthy Advisor must have a moneymaking project, a service project , and a fun project. Some of our service projects have been taking refreshments to the patients at Livingston Manor , taking tra y favors to the patients at Greenbriar and the State Hospital, and making "s oap" Bibles for the patients at Greenbriar . We have also planted flowers at the library . Some of our moneymaking projects range from car washes , bake sales , ice cream socials, and the list goes on and on. Fun projects are anything from bowling, picnics , and swimming , to roller skating, camping, and slumber parties. We have three terms of four months each, per year: the winter term , January -April ; the summer term, May-August ; fall term , September-December . The Worthy Advisor for the summer term of 1975 is Debbie Grove. The Mother Advisor for the year 1975 is Mrs . F . June Jackson . Each year a group of giris and some of the advisors travel to Grand Rapids to attend Grand Assembly . This is when all of Michigan's Rainbow Assemblys get together to exchange ideas and to observe the Grand Officers as they perform the Degrees of our Order . Grand Assembly is held the last weekend in May, and it gives the Worthy Advisor a chance to give and receive ideas for projects, and all the girls a chance to meet new people. In order to become Worthy Advisor a girl must first pass through the stations of Faith , Hope, Charity , and Worthy Associate Advisor. In order to do this she must write a Jetter to the advisory board stating that she would like to run for 272 office, she must then be elected by the assembly to take the office and she then proceeds through the three other stations. Being Worthy Advisor entitles her to appoint the officers to fill the bow stations and the various other stations. It is possible for each of the girls to earn a gold merit pin on which can be hung seven bars, the colors the Rainbow. The bars are earned by various activities such as church work, school work, community work, and outdoor activities and must be earned in order . They can also earn a pot of gold which follows the bars , and a gold wreath that surrounds the pot of gold. Rainbow is a very worthwhile organization . It combines responsibility , religion , and helps build good character. HOWELL COMMANDERY NO. 28 KNIGHTS TEMPLAR By CLIFF HELLER Organized April 7, 1870 at Howell, 14 charter members , all from Livingston County. The first commander was Sardis F . Hubbell, prominent attorney and first village president from 1863 to 1872, also first president of Livingston County Pioneer Society organized in 1871. The Knights Templar Order is a branch of Free Masonry predicated upon the Christian religion and the practice of Christian virtues . The members ·dress formally in uniform on public occasions . The order has a "National Educational Foundation " whose purpose is to lend money to college students to complete their college education. There is also an " Eye Foundation " for research, treatment and for I or hospitalization of diseases or injuries of the eye in an effort to prevent blindness available to anyone unable to pay . The present commander is Andrew B. Krogstad . Howell Commandery has had three Grand Commanders of the State of Michigan , Albert E . Smith, 1923, Stanley G. Wilson, 1955, William R. Parker, 1975. Its drill teams have won man y state and national honors since first competing in 1905. Field Days were held in Howell from 1906 to 1925 attended by other commanderys coming here on special trains . The drills were performed on what is now Page Field and were accompanied by numerous bands . Large crowds were attracted to the drills . For many years they held a Christmas party at the Michigan State Sanatorium for the children patients . The order is a strong and active part of Freemasonry in Livingston County and has had about 500 members since its inception here . MARION COMMUNITY CIRCLE By MRS. KENNETH BUCKNELL The Marion Community Circle started out originally as the Marion Helping Hand Circle when back in 1923 Mrs. Ed Nash of 1863 Pinckney Road invited the ladies of School District No. 3 to her home with the idea of organizing a neighborhood club. It was decided that this would be called the Marion Helping Hand Circle , whose purpose was to send flowers and cards to the sick and help those in need whenever possible . Members of this first group included : Mrs . Joseph Keddle, Mrs . Guy Borden, Mrs . Henry Hibner , Mrs . Arthur White, Mrs. Frank Sharp , Mrs . Herbert Lane, Mrs. Frank Wright , Mrs . Wes Witty, Miss Estelle Musson, Mrs. Guy Wright, Mrs. Lucy Sorg, Miss Carrie and Ethel Francis, and Mrs . Arthur Wright. As the circle flourished, the members gradually took on activities such as making quilts for the needy, having bake sales, serving and sewing for the Red Cross and for families in need. Monthly meetings were held with a planned program . Music, poetry, special topics of the day and all sorts of hand work were the order of the day. Sometimes potluck luncheons, dessert luncheons and refreshments at the close of the afternoon were served . During the period between 1930 and 1938 more names were added to the membership: Mrs. Max Musson, Mrs. Burla Keddle, now Burla Bucknell , Mrs. Webster Alstott, Mrs . Marjorie Musson, now deceased, Mrs . George Buell, Mrs. Leah Buell, Miss Anna Craft, Mrs . E. J. Carr, Mrs. Vera Craft, Mrs. Mame Hoisel, Mrs. Alfred Rossington, Mrs. Ernestine Spalding, and Mrs. Joe Young. Later in the 50's, Mrs . Frank Dorsey, Mrs. Betty Sorg, Mrs . Delores Dorsey, Mrs. Duane Meyer, Mrs. Lloyd Lounsberry, Mrs. Herbert Grainger , Mrs. Mary White, Mrs. Pat Alstott, Mrs. Richard Streng, Mrs. Richard Ballou, Mrs. Ed Sopcak, Mrs . Clayton Musson, Mrs . Olive Coddington, and Mrs. Harold Coddington joined the circle. Now it is in the 70's, many of the farms have been sold or subdivised and we have more new members, some the children and grandchildren of earlier members. The Wright's Corner Community Circle has joined with us and we have added the names of Mrs. Ross Keddle, Mrs. James Liddy, Mrs. Tony Bolek, Mrs. Phylis Watkins, Mrs. Howard Dankers, and Mrs . Don Klein to our roster. Today the circle still meets on the second Thursday of the month . The objectives remain the same, and much good work is still done. Present officers are Mrs. Burla Bucknell, President; Mrs. Webster Alstott, Vice President; Mrs. Ed Sopcak, Secretary and Treasurer . Miss Anna Craft our · flower committee chairman. HOWELL BOOK CLUB By MRS. CALVIN GATESMAN In 1932, Mrs . Bird Hight (Ina ), Mrs. C. Arthur Robitaille (Almeda Tubbs ) and Mrs. Calvin Gatesman (Lillie) met at the home of Mrs. A. V. Smith, (Beryl), to discuss forming a Book Club. These young women were especially interested in books and reading. A following meeting was held at the home of Mrs. Bird Hight. Each of the above ladies had invited a guest. At this meeting , the Howell Book Club was officially formed. Mrs. Calvin Gatesman was elected president. In time more members were invited to join. The membership was to be retained at twelve and it is today. The club meets in the homes of members. Eligibility for membership , is a book review yearly, or a guest reviewer provided . Meetings are held the third Tuesday of each month, twelve months of the year. HOWELL MUSIC CLUB By MRS. CALVIN GATESMAN Mrs. Annette Wiggins was the founder and very energetic promoter of the Howell Music Club. She was a very accomplished musician. The first meeting , not yet officially organized, met at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Nesmith , on Higgins Street. The following people attended this first meeting: Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Schott , Mrs. Wm. Caverly , Mr. and Mrs. Carl Kurkowsky, Mr. and Mrs. Casey Wiggins, Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Allen (Sarah Beattie), Mrs. Clarence Earl (Zoe), Mrs. Axel Hedberg , Mrs. Lillian Wilson. Also considered to be charter members , may be added the names of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Williams, Mrs . Maybelle Hildebrandt , Miss Elizabeth Griffith, Mr. Paul Weinmeister , Mr. and Mrs. D.S. Yoon (sister of Mrs . Grace Line). The date was February 8, 1952. A few of the above members are still in the club. New members have been added from time to time. The first president was Mrs. Wiggins. Other presidents have been: Mrs. Laura O'Leary, Mrs. Stanley Hoffman , Mrs . John Thede and Mrs . Calvin Gatesman, to mention a few. The intent of the club is to present excellent music, vocal and instrumental. Eligibility for membership , is performance musically . The endeavor of the club, also according to their constitution , is to help performers to improve themselves. Music of composers , Beethoven, Bach , Brahms, Grieg and many others , exemplify the true ideals of the Howell Music Club. Compositions by the many outstanding composers , both old and new, vocal and instrumental, are included in the monthly programs . Opera has also been included. The Howell Music Club is federated . It meets the second Friday night of the month , October through May, in the homes of members . LIVINGSTON COUNTY REPUBLICAN WOMEN By MRS. HAROLD DIBBLE Seventy-two women representing the various townships of Livingston County met at the Presbyterian Church in Howell, on February 20, 1952, for the purpose of organizing a Republican Women's Club. Mrs . Tom Leith of Brighton acted as chairman . A new Republican song was sung by four girls from Howell High School led by Mr. Keene Stollsteimer. Mrs. Mary Streit, vice-chairman of the State Central Committee explained the set-up of the State Republican Organization and stated the purpose for which these women had met. Women must become factors in politics was her theme . She listed the many ways women can educate themselves and help others understand the political issues of the day . Mrs. Katherine Gibson, president of The Republican Women's Clubs of Michigan spoke as did Congressman Wm. Blackney . A motion was made to form a club, a nominating committee was appointed and the following ticket was presented and elected: President , Mrs . Carl Kurkowsky ; Vice President, Mrs. Claude Burkhart; Secretary-Treasurer , Mrs. Leslie Merrit. In its early meetings the club expressed its purpose to synchronize its efforts with those of Republican Men for County work. Meetings were held throughout the county and efforts were made to meet and know candidates on local, state and national levels . In 1975 the club, under the presidency of Mrs . Harold Dibble of Fowlerville, conducted their tenth annual homes tour . This event has become a symbol of club effort and its representation to the public. FAMILY LIVING CHILD STUDY CLUB By MRS. DON BUSHREY The Family Living Child Study Club was started in 1955 under the name of Teen Age Child Study Club. Mrs . Clifford Marr was the first president. Many of the members were 273 former members of the Junior Child Study Club whose children were in grade school. When their children became teenagers they felt the need for a change and the new club was formed with 25 members. In 1961 most of their children were grown and the name was changed to Family Living Study Club. They have remained members of the Michigan Child Study Club Association and have always used their study material along with other special interests . The purpose of the club is to help our families to better understand our children and family situations and to work in our community for the best interest of all citizens. Their special project for many years was to sponsor a candlelight buffet dinner at the Citizens dining room after the annual high school Jay Hop. Since that was discontinued they have done charitable work at Howell State Hospital, Greenbriar Convalescent Home and Maxey Boys Training School. The 1975-1976p resident is Mrs. Don Carter. HOWELL REBEKAH LODGE NO. 345 By MRS. THELMA BUELL Howell Rebekah Lodge No. 345 was instituted November 23, 1899. At that time there were 26 members. From old records it is believed that Sunbeam Rebekah Lodge No. 122 instituted in 1889 joined with the Howell Rebekah Lodge in April of 1914. The Rebekah Lodge helps to maintain the 1.0.0.F. and Rebekah Home at Jackson, Mich. This is for Oddfellows and Rebekahs who are no longer able to take care of themselves . We also help maintain the visual eye bank and the camp for children at Big Bear Lake. At one time there were about 100 members but we are now down to 23 members. Our meetings are held in a private home and Dorothy Johnson is our Noble Grand. LIVINGSTON COUNTY GARDEN CLUB By MRS. ELLWOOD HENEKS The Livingston County Garden Club was started in 1932, president, Mr. Clarence Faunce . The purpose was to promote interest in flowers and gardening and to beautify Livingston County and City of Howell. President for 1975-197,6 Mrs. Ellwood Heneks (Mary), 1131 Willow Lane, Howell, 546-3256. The club has made favors for Hillcrest and Greenbriar and all hospitals in the county. It has sent teachers to Higgins Lake Conference to teach young people about gardening in our schools, given money for Howell Library and downtown sidewalk flowers. It has sent money to Michigan Nature Association to replace pine trees, Extinct pines fund, Audibon Society to save our Kirkland Warblers. BETA SIGMA PHI INTERNATIONAL IOTA OMEGA CHAPTER By MRS. EDWARD GARLAND It was started in the summer of 1967 by four women who had been members in other cities. These charter members were: Judy Cowan, Eppie Garland, Marge Watson, and Marilyn Wells. Two of these women are still members today : Eppie Garland and Marge Watson. The first officers were: Marilyn Wells, President ; Lois Hess, Vice President ; Marge Watson, Recording Secretary; Eppie Garland, Corresponding Secretary; Judy Cowan, Treasurer ; Sue Sulka, Extension Officer. 274 Purpose: Beta Sigma Phi is an organization for the social and cultural advancement of women. Through the years since its founding in 1931, Beta Sigma Phi has taken its place among outstanding women's organizations of° our time. Today there are nearly 200,000 members all over the world. Howell's local chapter has 30 current members. The president for 1975-1976is Nancy Hibner. Over the last eight years, Howell's Iota Omega Chapter of Beta Sigma Phi has donated many items to the pediatrics ward at McPherson Community Health Center. Among these items was: a Recusianne , bubble top crib , table , chairs , books, toys, play pen pads , large wagon for transporting children and a juvenile wheel chair . The members of Beta Sigma Phi feel that in order to lead a fuller , richer , and more useful life, they must know them - selves and be true to their own personal ideals and goals . Howell's Iota Omega Chapter offers its members this opportunity. V.F.W. POST NO. 3671, HOWELL By CAROLYN SMITH The Barnes, Lyons, Roberts V.F .W. Post No. 3671 was first organized on April 21, 1939. The charter was given to the 27 members who were commanded by Major I. Bravener. During its first year, Major I Bravener left for Lansing and the commandership was taken over by Howard Newberry who continued for another year. The purpose of the V.F.W. shall be fraternal, patriotic, historical , and educational; to preserve and strengthen comradeship among its members ; to assist worthy comrades ; to perpetuate the memory and history of our dead , and to assist widows and orphans , to maintain true allegiance to the government of the United States of America, and fidelity to its constitution and laws; to foster true patriotism; to maintain and defend the United States from all her enemies, whomsoever . Any male who served honorably as an officer or enlisted man is eligible for membership . He must have served during a foreign war or conflict that merit the issuance of a campaign badge by the United States Government and he must also be a United States citizen. Several activities of the post include helping veterans , widows, and their orphans in any way that they need it. Money making functions by the post help to support and foster all the work we do. The current 1975-1976c ommander is Allen V. Clark. LIVINGSTON COUNTY TOASTMASTER CLUB NO. 1538 By MASIS MARDIGAN Meeting at the Salvation Army Building, State Street, Howell, Michigan A group of men and women who meet regularly in congenial fellowship to provide members with opportunities to improve their abilities to speak, to conduct meetings and to develop leadership abilities. Our charter was granted in April, 1975. The charter presentation was made in June, 1975 by the area governor, Ray Trappen of Portland, Mich. The place of presentation was the Salvation Army Building on State Street , Howell. Many members and their guests attended the dinner and charter presentation. Masis M. Mardigian, the first president of the Howell club received the charter on behalf of the membership . The first elected officers of the club were: President , Masis Marshe enlisted Betty Cook's (Mrs. Lloyd) great help with her talent at the piano. , M_any ~enior citi~en · groups were being started under ,--- ...v>a.nOUS c_1tv reC't:eabnn rfPn<>rtm<>nh: h11t <><: u.o.t ru,r ,i;rontnr digian; Educational Vice President , Eric Davison; Administrative Vice President , Kenneth Quigley; Secretary , Marye Klostere ; Treasurer , Betty Nelson; Sgt. of Arms, Ted Duggan. The present club was founded by Harry Ginsburg and Ted Duggan. It was co-sponsored by Citizens Insurance Company and the First National Bank of Howell. The first meeting was in the fall of 1974 in the Salvation Army Building. The present club was formed after the fade out in 1969 of the previous Toastmasters Club in Howell. It bore the same number , 1538 as the present club and was founded in 1954 by Art Smith and Winston Reynolds and was sponsored by Citizens Insurance Company of Howell. Membership is open to men and women over 18 years of age . Throughout the years many people have enjoyed the leadership training received through Toastmasters . MICHIGAN MILK PRODUCERS ASSN. By CLAUDINE JACKSON The Michigan Milk Producers Association was organized in 1916. The first office was located on North Michigan Street in Howell. M. P . Hull, a Lansing banker , served as the first president. R. C. Reed , was the first secretary , and H. W. orton was the first treasurer ; both of these men were from Livingston County. Farmers organized to bargain for the price of their milk. Livingston County was considered the " Holstein Capitol" of the U.S. during this era , so there was considerable production of milk in the county . The organization was expanded to include all areas of Michigan and the offices were headquartered in Detroit. This was the market center for milk . In 1958a n office building was erected at 24270W est Seven Mile Road , Detroit. The first Milk Messenger was published by the Fowlerville Review in the early 1920's. Men from Livingston County who have served the organization on the State Board of Directors through the years are: Harry Calkins, C. D. Parsons, Andrew Jackson and Glenn Hanson . Presently the organization is under the leadership of Glenn Lake. HOWELL FARMERS CLUB By MRS. GEORGE HEEG My father , Wm. H. Peavy , Sr. read this article , (from his mother's memory , Mrs. Adelbert F. Peavy ) at the Howell Farmers Club banquet March 1918, held at the home of Mr. and Mrs . Tracy Crandall. This home was the old homestead of Ada Crandall's parents the Eugene E. Howe's where the club was organized . I called Mr. Merle Weaver who belongs to the club, he told me Mr. George Catrell, 304 N. Hesse St. is the president. Late in the winter of 1896 and 7, a few of our most progressive farmers of this township having read in the Michigan Farmer reports of various Farmers Clubs printed from time to time, conceived the idea that a Farmers Club for Howell Township both from an educational as well as a social standpoint would be a fine thing, got their heads together and sent out a call to meet at the home of Mr. and Mrs. E . E. Howe on March 10, 1897 for the purpose of organizing a Farmers Club. On that date 18 people responded, among them being Mr. and Mrs . A. F . Peavy , Mr. and Mrs. R. R. Smith, Mr. and Mrs . Salmon Hildebrant, Mr. and planned potlucks to celebrate birthdays and holidays ; had travel~gues by anyone we could catch home from a trip . We took trips to the Royal Oak Zoo, Kensington Park , went on ln. 't!-..t.n11rC'• h,;,rl C!T\o,,;,l,or eo n.n tb.o. hi .CL.tn..-..:r n.f Un. '--U.011 ,.,..;,.,;,... Mrs. W. C. Howe, Mr. and Mrs . Henry Andrews, Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Howe and Mr. and Mrs. E. E. Latson , after a short discussion on ways and means they came to order and proceeded to elect the following officers for the coming year, President , A. F. Peavy; Vice President , E. E. Latson ; Recording Secretary , Mrs . W. E. Howe; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. R. R. Smith ; Treasurer , Mr. Salmon Hildebrant ; Directors , R. R. Smith and W. C. Howe, committee on constitution and by-laws; R. R. Smith and E . E. Howe, Program Committee ; Mrs. E. E. Latson, Mrs . S. Hildebrant and Mrs. H. Andrews , the committees got together and did their work and at the invitation of president Peavy adjourned to meet at his home, April 7, 1897 which of course was the first regular meeting . To prove to you that they were an enthusiastic bunch of organizers the reports show that from 18 charter members our membership increased to 122 at the end of the first year. At the first annual meeting which was also held at the home of Mr. and Mrs . E . E. Howe there was 150 present including representatives from the Marion Club, the townships of Oceola, Brighton , Genoa and Cohoctah, also the northern part of the state was represented in the person of Dr . E . T. Abrams of Dollar Bay, this meeting being the largest in the histor y of the club up to that time and having a fine program with our present genial toastmaster as the star actor, with an excellent paper on the subject of " Cranks" and while claiming not to be a crank himself showed his ability to handle all kinds and species from that on the side of a grindstone to the worst of all, the one idea crank. Another important subject which received a considerable amount of attention was " Womans Suffrage " by Mrs . J. S. Brown. Of course all of you who know Mrs . Brown can readily guess that the paper fell in able hands , the discussion of this paper was so animated that President Peavy in his concluding remarks said he almost wished he had been born a woman . Before I pass from this the first annual meeting will say that there was no deaths in the membership up to this time , but in the following 20 years there has been from one to four each year making a total of 50 to the present date, of this number 20 were women, 24 men and six children . To get our minds off the sad part of this paper let me give the market prices quoted in the Livingston Democrat for March 9, 1898, the paper from which I took this report , wheat 91 cents , shelled corn 30 cents, oats 25 cents , beans , 70 cents , rye , 46, good fresh butter , 15 cents and eggs, 13 cents , lard , 7 cents , hogs on foot $3.00 to $3.60, dressed chickens , 7 to 8 cents , clover seed, $2.60 and 6 bars soap for 15 cents . Our first annual banquet was held at the pleasant home of Mr. and Mrs. D. M. Beckwith in west Howell on Dec. 29, 1898 at which time 125 people were served such as only the ladies of Howell Township know how to and are capable of doing. Mr. Beckwith as toastmaster kept things lively from start to finish. The toasts responded to on this occasion were of such high character and thought that it would be impossible for me to repeat any of them without feeling that I had neglected the balance . I think in our 21 years of existence there has been 231 meetings including the present. We include in our membership, farmers , stock buyers , exrepresentatives , ex-farmers, both tired and retired representatives, editors for free advertising , school marms to keep us cheerful, music teachers to take the place of the phonograph , people who are willing to talk and those who couldn't talk if their life depended on it, in fact no intelligent person was ever denied membership . The first death on which resolutions were written was that of Miss Eda Latson which occurred on Dec. 2, 1899a nd the last I think was that of W. C. Howe. If an inanimate body could have feeling or thought I think it 275 would be a source of satisfaction to this house to think that the Howell Farmers Club was born and came of age under its hospitable roof. Our club presidents in order of service are: Mr. A. M. Wells, 6; Mr. S. M. Yerkes , 5; D. M. Beckwith , 3; Mr. W. W. Lerittender , 2; A. F . Peavy , 2; Mrs. J . S. Brown, 1, Total 21. The president of the Howell Farmers ' Club for 1975 is Mr. George Catrell. THE HOWELL DELPHIANS By GRACE HORNER PARKER The Howell Delphian Chapter was organized in the assembly room of the public library on January 9th, 1919, with 15 charter members present. Mrs. Cline Beurmann was elected president, Miss Grace Horner , vice-president and Miss Phoebe Herbst, secretary-treasurer. After a few meetings, Mrs. Beurmann 's husband was discharged from the army, they returned to their home in Grand Rapids and Miss Horner acted as president for the balance of the year with Edna Louise Parker , vice-president. The material for the first seven years of our programs was furnished by the Delphian Society of Chicago, Ill. During these years we studied art , history, poetry and music. After nine years the Delphian Society no longer offered program outlines and assistance and it was voted to change the name of the organization to The Howell Delphians and to go forward with programs planned by the advisory board which consisted of three members elected to assist the regular officers , and through the years we have had a great diversity of program subjects . The Delphians were federated in 1922 and in 1930-31 the Delphian Singers, a chorus of twelve women, with Mrs. Caroline Benson as pianist and director , was organized. During the years these singers, as well as the drama and poetry groups, were often asked to entertain other organizations. At the time of their 25th anniversary, the Delphians had a membership of 78 and were divided into eight departments, namely - Art, Drama, Home, Literature, Music, Patriotism , Red Cross , and Social Welfare . Among financial operatio_ns we have furnished a room at the McPherson Memorial Hospital, contributed to Red Cross, Christmas Seals Cancer Drive, Salvation Army, Nurses Fund, Boys' Training School, and Girls' Town. We still participate in some of these projects and at Christmastime we give a gift, usually money to the State Hospital , Hillcrest. At this time, Sept. 1975, we have a membership of 43 and are divided into two departments - Department of Education and Department of International and Public Affairs . The officers are : President, Mrs. Don Williams ; Vice President, Mrs. Merle Meeden ; Secretary , Mrs. Ford Beckwith ; Treasurer , Mrs . Clyde Maas . THE LIVINGSTON COUNTY YOUTH THEATRE By MARGE MAHONEY The Livingston County Youth Theater is a most unique type of community theater , in that its entire membership is comprised of youngsters under the age of twenty (20) years. This is unlike the usual community theater which is an adult organization. It is also different from the usual children 's theater, in that they do not present children's plays , but work on adult type musicals , original revues, or complete productions . It is a non-profit group , without dues being required of the membership . The members are youngsters interested in performing and in learning all phases of theater 276 art. They work strictly as a unit , with everyone sharing in the work and fun. Everyone works on props , scenery , costumes , make-up, art work, publicity and promotional work and ticket sales . It is sponsored by the county, through th~ Howell Recreation Center, and is open to any young resident of Livingston County. . The Livingston County Youth Theater was founded m ear~y fall of 1972, by Mrs . Frederic (Marjorie ) Mahoney , who 1s still in charge of production and the workshop . Marge has been in theater all her life, as a professional performer , and has many yea rs of experience in theater groups . Among her associations in theater groups, she was a member of Academy Playhouse in Detroit, along with su~h gradua tes as Chad Everett (Medical Center-TV) ; Ross Gifford (Fiddler On Roof, Carousel-Broadway); Janie Sell (TV and Broadway ), and many other s. She also had her own booking agency in Detroit with her husband . The only adults associated with the group , have been: Mell Coleman (Band Director of Fowlerville Community Schools) who directed the band for the Livingston County Youth Theater 's production of "Under The Big Top." Mrs . Roberta Munn (formerly of Fowlerville, now residing in Saline, Michigan , who did all the piano scoring for " Under The Big Top." Mrs . William (Sandy ) Glenn of Howell, who was the original choreographer . . Mrs. James (Linda ) Monroe of Brighton, accompamst for many shows, who has just retired from the group. Mrs. Arthur (Velma ) Bator of Fowlerville, our present accompanist. Mrs. Sam (Lorraine ) Jones of Fowlerville, our present choreographer. . . There is no "s tar system," and each youngster 1s given the opportunity to expand their own creativity with the assistance of highly qualified adults . Marge Mahoney , who still heads up the group , feels that every youngster possesses talent in some field of theater art, and encourages them to use their abilities in a productive way. She feels that theater teaches, not only sharing, but discipline as well, which allows the youngsters to find an identity through . musical ~ro~uctions. Shows are offered to any commumty orgamzat10n, school, etc ., free of charge , as a service to the communi~y and gives the youngsters the experience needed to grow m their own endeavors. In the summer of 1975, we are working on a production entitled " Best of Broadway ." No production date has been set. The group membership changes, as some members graduate from high school and leave the area for college. New members however , are constantly coming in, and the membership of the summer of 1975 is approximatel y 25 members . One of our original members , Brad Roberts, who got his first taste of theater with the Livingston County Youth Theater worked very hard in his school drama department , as wen' as with the theater group , and upon his recent graduation from Howell High School, was awarde? the _Hi~h School Drama Award , and will enter Western Umversity m the fall of 1975, majoring in Theater Arts . We are very proud of Brad. Others went on to join the Michigan 5th Regiment Band and travel with that fine unit. So, the Livingston County Youth Theater serves a very useful, educational, social and creative outlet for the children of Livingston County. YOUNG AT HEARTSENIOR CITIZENS The Young at Heart group was Mildred Bennett's brainchild. (She begged , borrowed and stole for the group ). Knowing that singing together is an aid to growing together, she enlisted Betty Cook's (Mrs . Lloyd) great help with her talent at the piano. Many senior citizen groups were being started under various city recreation departments , but as yet our director had done nothing so Mildred suggested that he include it in his program, thereby enlarging his program and at the same time giving the Young at Heart the backing then needed. Mr. Alberts quit during the summer of '55, so Mr. E . Paul Bennett finished the summer program. (Mr. Bennett had not then left his teaching-coaching position for full time recreation ). Two special notices in the Livingston County News, announcements in the various churches, help of ministers and lay members, announcements in other organizations about town, and key persons about town were the early means used to alert and inform the folk in Howell of the "Young at Heart " group about to be formed . At that time, the name "Young at Heart " was being used temporarily to represent the older people who might be interested in organizing . The idea of the name came from the song "Young at Heart " and from the thoughts there-in. We didn't sing this song often because it was a bit difficult for them , but instead, used a pep song to open the meetings -" Happy Days Are Here Again, " and then ended with " God Bless America. " YOUNG AT HEART Fair y tales-can come true, it can happen to you, If you're young at heart ; For it's hard , you will find, to be narrow of mind, If you're young at heart. You can go to extremes with impossible schemes ; You can laugh when your dreams fall apart at the seams, And life gets more exciting with each passing day And love is either in your heart or on the way. The first meeting took place on July 28, 1955 at 2:30 in the center room of the recreation building (the old Catholic school, rented as a center ). Twenty-two persons came . The opportunity of belonging was presented and explained. Persons who cared to, enrolled and during an informally conducted meeting by Mildred Bennett , it was decided that the get-togethers be called parties, they should start with a pra yer and end with the song "God Bless America." Betty Cook played for group singing and directed a refreshment game. Sixteen of the original twenty-three members plus sixteen new members attended the second meeting August 8, 1955. Written ballots , voting on names for the group disclosed " Young at Heart " had won over Happy Folk and Happy Friends and that the song, " Happy Days" had won by a close margin over " Kick All The Grouchers Out." Someone even suggested "The Geritol Chorus." At the third meeting in the summer of '55, we had a picture taken of the group 80 years or over . There were twelve of them totaling 1,005 years and thereby making an average of 84 years ; so you see our group was not a young one, only about five in the sixties. It was decided that anyone who came to any of the first three meetings would be considered original members . They were: Roy Latson, John Redinger , Alice O'Donnell, Ollie Henderson , Jennie Hosley, Homer Peavy , Rhua Peavy , Louisa Irey, Ernest Ulrich (First Deceased ), Len Richards, David Murnigham, Betty Cook, Josie Van Horn, Florence Wilcox, Harry Fake, Mrs. Harry Fake, Mrs. F . A. Carse , A. L. Buckman , Will Richards , Laura Russell Lorenz, Mrs . Eunice Hoff, Mrs. Emma Smouse, Mrs . Edith Filkins , Mr. Martin George and Mrs . Martin George. Eunice Hoff, Fread Carse , Alice O'Donnell and Homer Peavy were on the first program planning committee. We planned potlucks to celebrate birthdays and holidays ; had travelogues by anyone we could catch home from a trip. We took trips to the Royal Oak Zoo, Kensington Park, went on color tours ; had speakers on the history of Howell, civic problems and had special parties . The best party we ever had was our first Halloween Party! John Redinger came in fancy pants and had bows on his hat , shirt, etc . Dave Murningham came as a 16-year-old- mask , wig, short skirt, even falsies . Emma Smouse and Myrtle Chapman, Fern Holt's mother , came in their fancy bonnets, jabots, full skirts , etc. of earlier days. Alice O'Donnell was two faced that day ; a false face on her face and also on the back of her head, plus a wig, of course. Mrs. Nelson, wife of our one time photographer came as Aunt Jemima and we also had two witches, Betty Cook and Jennie Hosley. These older people were hesitant about taking on responsibilities , so for some time, Mildred Bennett planned and purchased refreshments , planned all the programs , etc. Then Alice O'Donnell consented to be our first president in 1957. John Redinger had been our treasurer from the beginning and for years after-collecting the large fee of 25 cents a month . The largest financial backing we had was $20.00a year, squeezed out of Mr. Bennett 's meager budget. Some of the other early presidents were : 1958-59, Laura (Sharpe Russell) Lorenz ; 1959-60, Edith Filkins ; 1960-61, Jennis Hosley. One of the highlights of our first year was our trip to the Lansing Civic Center to engage in the First Annual Senior Citizens Get-Together ( October 27, 1955). It was a sack lunch with coffee furnished . Governor Williams was there and several of our group got his signature . We were pretty lucky that day! We received awards for having the oldest senior citizen- Emma Smouse (90 plus years ), the longest married couple- Rhua and Homer Peavy , and Betty Cook engaged in a quiz game. Her team won and she was awarded a game . We grew from 22 to 40 regular members the first year. Our average age was 74 years. Betty Cook was our pianist and a champion of the idea of the " Young at Heart. " Alice O'Donnell did much in assisting Mildred Bennett. Eunice Hoff was the first secretary and John Redinger, treasurer . We met in the old Catholic school from 1955 until we moved to the new recreation center-doing our own cleaning , etc . A davenport , table , bookcases , etc. were donated to help dress up the room at the old Catholic school. This made it a cozier place for the Euchre boys to play cards each day . Anyone was allowed to come in, sit, read , or just " chew the fat " anytime it was open. Sometime after E . Paul Bennett became full time recreation director , Mildred turned the "Young at Heart " group over to him and she became assistant to him . Up to then, he had helped Mildred when he could. He continued to back the group , helped provide programs for them . Naturally the membership has changed with the years. The group has continued meeting every two weeksthe dues are still 25 cents a meeting . Louisa Irey, the last living original member , still continues to be the pianist for the present meetings-sometimes relieved by Ella Hagman (Mrs. John )- until this past year when she became inactive because of illness. Ella Hagman was one of the best presidents of the latter years-under Paul Bennett's directorship. She was a good organizer and believed in giving everyone something to do and to keep them interested , so " old rockin ' chair wouldn't get them. " Her ideas in decorations and the planning of special occasions were outstanding . Polly Murningham must be mentioned . Way back in 1955 she began to drive some folks to and from the meetings. Also, 277 she always took charge of the card playing room, (arranged for tables, cards, etc . when the state get-togethers were done by districts) . We had two or three of them here . The present programs are similar to the original onestra velogues, speakers, color tours, birthday parties; they travel much more than we did in the early days because of additional funding . They, of course, meet at the Recreation Center every second and fourth Tuesday. The present president is Mrs. Ida Sanford (Mrs . A.F .) secretary , Bessie Hammel , and Joyce Drayton , treasurer . B.P .0.E., HOWELL LODGE NO. 2168 By M. E. HIGGINS B.P .O. Elks Lodge No. 2168 was chartered in Howell on April 24, 1960. Eugene S. Burroughs was the First Exalted Ruler and Milton E . Higgins the first secretary . The Elks Lodge is a benevolent and fraternal organization . The local lodge supports various civic and charitable activities and places particular emphasis on aid to handicapped children . Elbert N. Carlton, Jr. is the present Exalted Ruler and Milton Higgins is secretary. The lodge had 960 members and has increased its membership each year since 1965. It serves all of Livingston County. ELKETTES By DOROTHY EAGER On December 7, 1960 a group of 37 Elk's wives met in the upper chambers of the Howell Elks Lodge No. 2168 at 215 East Grand River to organize the "Elkettes ." Joyce Duncan presided over the first meeting and on January 4, 1961, Dorothy Blanchard was elected first president. Presidents the following years were : Jean Matthews , 1962; Donna Burroughs , 1963; Peg Lavery , 1963; Helen Martin , 1965-66; Molly Bennett , 1967-68; Elaine Grote, 1969-70; Alene Anderson , 1971-72; Connie Simons , 1973-74; Jennie Amburgey , 1974-75; Dorothy Eager, 1975-76. Many years of hard work followed and in October , 1966 we moved into our present building at 2830 East Grand River . Each year a member is chosen " Elkette of the Year " for outstanding work within the club. We provide funds for two scholarships each year and contribute large sums to our major project which is used for the Crippled Children 's Fund . HIGH TWELVE CLUB NO. 318 By KEITH SEALS High Twelve is an organization of Master Masons who meet together to further the principles of Masonry . High Twelve International is over 55 years old. There are over 21,000 members in approximately 300 clubs nationwide, including American military bases abroad . International headquarters is in the Grand Lodge Masonic Temple , St. Louis, Missouri . Any Master Mason with a current dues card is invited to join. The Howell High Twelve Club was organized by the Lansing club in 1959. Ralph A. Seelye was the first president. Membership varies between 25-45. At this time , there are 33 members . Gilbert R. Cook is the president for 1975-76. In Michigan there are 19 clubs with a membership nearing 1,000. 278 High Twelve International has two main projects : (1 ) the granting of scholarships at graduate level in the fields of Foreign Service and Government Administration . This project is supported solely through donations and bequests . A second (2) project is support for the Masonic youth: DeMolay , Rainbow Girls, and Job 's Daughters . The Howell High Twelve Club has had a number of projects over the years . When theCountyFarm was in existence , some of the members would go there once a month for visitation - at Christmas a party was given these people with appropriate gifts . For the past several summers , a local DeMolay was sponsored by the Howell Club for a leadership training camp . A number of plans were used to raise money for our projects. One of the most popular was a clown unit which was used for local parades, parties , etc. The Michigan Association of High Twelve Clubs was founded in 1935. Ralph Seelye is second vice president in the state line. Keith Seales is a past state president , having served in that capacity in 1971-72. At the present time , Seales is second vice president in the International line. An open invitation is extended to all Master Masons to visit the Howell Club whether one is a local Masonic Brother or a Sojourner . There is no initiation or ritual. The Howell High Twelve meets the second and fourth Saturdays for breakfast at the Holiday Inn . Time is 8:30. A number of meetings , plus some special programs , are set aside for the ladies to attend . ROTARY IN HOWELL By RADNEY TUCKER The Howell Rotary Club was chartered May 5, 1924, the parent club being Ann Arbor. Almost immediately the ideas and ideals of Rotary took root in the community and its work has been steady and of some consequence ever since. The first club project was a crippled children's clinic which continued annually until the work was undertaken on a statewide basis by the Michigan Crippled Children's Association . Members of this club acted as county chairmen of the Easter Seal Program for years . Youth programs were initiated very early ; Boy Scout and Explorer Troops were sponsored , boys were sent to Wolverine Boy's State , Junior Rotarians were chosen from the high school, Father-Son and Daughter meetings were annual affairs. Athletic recognition meetings were eventually superceded by recognition of the top students of the senior class and presentation of the annual Page and Gillette Scholarships . Playground equipment, loudspeakers and an electric scoreboard were either purchased outright or in cooperation with other groups for the playing fields of the city . The club has been a part of four different international districts , giving the members a fine opportunity to enjoy the fellowship of our Canadian neighbors. Many felt the district was never in better hands than when Joseph Brady was its Governor . International House at the University of Michigan provided us with many foreign students as speakers . We were participants in the "Youth For Understanding " program that brought European High School students to live and study with us. The club has financed some local exchange students in Europe . We are actively participating in Rotary International's graduate student exchange program . Community services have been a major part of the club's projects , some three-hundred men have been members , sparking , leading , guiding , and financing many of the needed improvements in the community. At the City Park , the beach , bathhouse , toilet room, picnic shelter , entrance landscaping , and water system are all Rotary projects. McPherson Community Health Center , airport , parking lots, Recreation Center , alleys , Community Chest and Huron Clinton Metropolitan Authority have all had the strong support of the Rotary Club. The Howell Rotary Club is the parent of both the Brighton and Fowlerville Rotary Clubs. It is proud of its children . We hope the Ann Arbor Club is proud of us. Weekly meetings of the club are well planned with high quality programs and speakers from virtually all segments of our world of work. The officers have been faithful and efficient. Many of the programs are traditional, dating from the very early years of the club; Christmas songs by the Madrigal Club are now sung by the Highlander Choral, meetings such as Inter-City , Rural-Urban , Mayor's Exchange , Bert Woodham's New Year Forecast , District Governor's Visit, Ladies Night, Picnic at the City Park, and others are interspersed among those discussing topics of international, national, and local interest. No matter how controversial the subject the speaker is always accorded an attentive audience. Bulletins have always been a major part of the program, edited by some ten members since the beginning. The latest newscast is given, and we sing (we have our own welcome song).-- Lunches are provided by Fern Schultz and her staff . Mrs. French is the only other person who has done so. The meetings are held in their second location and under much the same format as in the beginning . Looking backward over the fifty-two years it seems the strength of the club is acting as a sounding board for all local projects , successful conclusion for the general benefit of the community . Each Monday noon, during the Bicentennial year , as current pr~sident Radney Tucker brings the Howell Rotary Club to order, The Rotary Motto, Service Above Self' ' is reaffirmed. WELCOME SONG Words by William Christopherson There are clubs out west in California There are clubs down south in Tennessee There are others east of Massachusetts 'cross this land of freedom we agree. But we're glad you set your sights on Howell, 'cuz we sure enjoy your company. And we hope you'll visit us real often Welcome to Rotary! CANCER SOCIETY By MOLLY PARK The Crusade is held once a year in April. The goal for Livingston County Unit is established by the state . The goal for Livingston Chapter was $31,000 this year, the largest ever, and this goal has been reached. The American Cancer Society is ever grateful, and ever conscious of the REAL heroes behind the scenes. The Society recognizes the intrinsic value of every single volunteer, and every single contributor. They are the true unsung heroes of the ceaseless battle to control mankinds most dreaded disease. The disease that crosses all boundaries, all races , colors and creeds, the rich , the poor, and the inbetween . All volunteers , the tried and true old stand-bys, (some have been faithfully ringing doorbells for twenty years), and the new people of our county who are stepping forth to give of their time and effort are warmly received, and badly needed by the L.C.U. of the A.C.S. You are the dedicated, determined, and caring people who are bringing us ever closed to our goal, to eliminate cancer in our time . Without you, this goal can never be •reached ... with you, we cannot fail. The American Cancer Society is a voluntary organization dedicated to the control and eradication of cancer. National headquarters are in New York City, and there are incorporated chartered divisions in each state as well as in Puerto Rico, the District of Columbia and other metropolitan areas . The Society's long range objective is to eliminate cancer as a disease of mankind. The immediate goal of the Society is to save more lives, and to diminish suffering from cancer to the fullest extent possible. HOW IT BEGAN In the early 1900's some cancers were cured if detected early and treated promptly and properly . But, too few were diagnosed in time. In 1913,r ecognizing these facts, a group of doctors and laymen established the American Society For The Control of Cancer, $10,000w as raised in donations and a pamphlet "Facts About Cancer" was published for the public. After sporadic local public education activities , the Society concentrated in the early thirties on physicians . With five medical field representatives the Society worked with medical schools, particularly the American College of Surgeons , to improve the diagnosis and treatment of cancer . In 1937, with the aid of the Women's Field Army, the Society launched their first nation-wide public education program . Eight years later , businessmen , physicians and scientists agreed on a major expansion of the Society's leadership and programs. Under new by-laws, the Society became the American Cancer Society, Inc . This same year, 1945, the A.C.S. introduced the first large scale , nationwide campaign for funds. A year later , 1946, the Livingston County Unit of the A.C.S. was formed. Gladys Potts R.N. was appointed by the state unit as the commander of the A.C.S. for the county . The commander carried out much the same duties as the president does now. Gladys Potts is still a very active member in the Society, and has been a devoted volunteer for nearly 30 years. Through the combined efforts of Mrs . Potts, Charles Sutton and the Kings Daughters, 375 percent of the goal set by the state was raised in Livingston County. Mr. Sutton was, at the time of this crusade officially appointed to the office of president of the L.C.U. of the A.C.S., a position he held for many years. From 1946 to the present time the L.C.U. of the A.C.S. has continued to grow through the combined efforts of thousands of loyal, hard working volunteers. THE FIRST PIONEERS Our report would not be complete without the mention of some of our most outstanding workers . Starting with Gladys Potts, the first commander . She has also been chairman of Volunteer Activities, lay director to the state board for many years, awards committee at the state level, nominating committee for the State Board of Directors , and Service and Education Chairman . Dr . Charles 0 . Long, at present a Radiologist in Lansing , is a past president of our local unit. Also, he was Director at Large for the state , National Board of Directors of the A.C.S., and recipient of the Tiffany Award in 1971. Dr. L. E. (Pat ) May has participated actively to help achieve the goals set by the society. He has seved as medical director to the State Board and Medical Chairman of our local unit for many years. A behind the scenes mansuggesting and channeling ideas as well as financial con- 279 tributions, and was fundamental in organizing the Board of Health in 1956. Dr. Thomas Barton, Medical Chairman and Chairman of Professional Education. Dr. Robert Wadlund, past president of the L.C.U. Dr . Harold Hill, Medical Chairman . Dr . A. J . McGregor, Medical Director to the State Board . Dr. Roscoe V. Stuber, an outstanding worker at the county and state level of American Cancer Society. He is also a past president of the Livingston County Unit, and has served as chairman of Public Education on the State Board, State Service Chairman, Medical Director and Medical Chairman, member of Professional Information and Public Educaffon Committees. Dr . Stuber has represented the Division- at National and International Conferences on Cancer, and was largely responsible for helping to establish the C.P.H .A. Registry Service at McPherson Community Health Center . He has also served as the vice president of Michigan Division to the Cancer Coordinating Committee , and recipient . of the Tiffany Award in 1974. The Tiffany Award is given to the outstanding Man Of The Year, and is the highest award given by the National Cancer Society to the state, upon recommendation by the state. Harold Shippy served as president of the L.C.U. for many years. He also served as vice president , crusade chairman , and in various other state offices. Mr. Shippy was instrumental in organizing the A.C.S. office, located in Howell. At the time of his death in January, 1975, he was succeeded by the vice president , Mrs. Dean Park. Since the population of the county has greatly increased , the L.C. U. of the A.C.S. found it impossible to depend entirely on volunteer workers to carry out the many duties which is the planned work of the organization . Anticipating future needs, the unit opened an office in Howell, which is open on Monday, Wednesday and Friday from 9 to 4 o'clock. The following services are available to any resident of Livingston County, and arrangements can be made through the A.C.S. office in Howell. The cancer patient will be transported to and from the place of treatment free of charge, for as many treatments as are necessary . One dedicated man, Mr. Russell Potts has driven faithfully for 18 years, and in excess of 43,000 miles. Dressings are supplied free of charge to any cancer patient. Various sizes are available . Special dressings made to order , upon a request of the attending physician . Over a period of 22 years, 127,000 dressings have been given to patients in the county. At.the request of the patient 's physician , some drugs and medications are provided for the patient. The loan closet is composed of articles to facilitate the care and increase the comfort of the cancer patient in the home. There is no charge for the use of these items . Loans amounting to 19 pieces were made in 1974-75. Educational films , programs , literature and speakers are available to clubs, organizations, schools and employee groups upon request. Smoking clinics have also oeen held between 1973 and 1975, and were started by Mrs . Richard Spence. Pap tests and breast self examination are offered by the Livingston County Health Department and the American Cancer Society . This program was started in 1972 through the combined efforts of the Health Deparment and the A.C.S. Clinics were set up in Brighton , Hartland and Howell. To date 57 clinics have been held and 854 patients examined. The Breast Cancer Detection Center is located in Ann Arbor, and in 1974-75, the Livingston County Unit received 100 appointments for local area women. This service is free, and the examination takes approximately 11/2 hours . 280 The Reach to Recovery Program of the American Cancer Society is a rehabilitation program for women who have had breast surgery. It is designed to help them meet their physical, psychological and cosmetic needs . This volunteer is a woman who has had a mastectomy, carefully selected and trained , and one who has successfully adjusted to her own surgery . With the patient's physicians permission , the volunteer makes a hospital visit a few days after surgery. All information about the patient is kept in strict confidence , and there is never any charge for Reach to Recovery services . Mrs. Emma Shippy is the service chairman this year for the L.C.U. When cancer takes the life of someone close to us, the loss is painful. There is a deep need to strike back at this disease , to do something so that others may live. To honor the departed, many find solace in dedicating a Memorial Gift to the Cancer Society. This contribution provides a way to perpetuate the memory of a life that has been lost and offers a way to help prevent the further suffering of others . Memorial contributions help in many ways . They support cancer research, and make possible the service programs which provide direct and specific help for many of those now stricken by cancer . They help provide programs of research, education and service . The Society seeks in this threefold way to fulfill one of mankind 's greatest hopes-the ultimate triumph over cancer . Memorial gifts may be sent directly to the Livingston County Unit of the American Cancer Society in Howell. This year , $6730.00 was received at the county level, which is the largest amount the unit has ever received to date. The memorial fund was established in 1958 by Mrs. Harry Griffith . Individuals who have a special interest in cancer research frequently donate large sums of money to the cancer society. These contributions bring the moment of final victory over cancer ever closer. GIRL SCOUTS By DARBI STUBER Girl Scouting was founded in the United States by an energetic 50 year old widow, Juliette Gordon Low, on March 12, 1912, in Savannah , Georgia . Mrs. Low had spent some time in England , where she had met the founder of the Boy Scout movement, Sir Robert Badne-Powell . She became enthusiastic about the program , and immediately began Girl Scouting in Savannah upon her return to her home city. There is evidence that a " lone" Girl Scout troop was in existence in Howell in the early 1930's. This was led by Mrs. Clifford Crockett , wife of a Howell dentist. It is not known when this troop had its beginning . Dorothy Holkins and Ruth Anne Gatesman were among the girls from this troop. Girl Scouting came to Howell on a larger scale in the early months of 1940.A Livingston County Press clipping from that period states that the first investiture ceremony of the newly formed Howell Girl Scouts, troops 1, 2, and 3, was held in the Howell High School auditorium on Tuesday evening , April 2, 1940, at 7:30 p.m. Mrs. Robert Squire, president of the Child Study Club, the local sponsoring group, was in charge of the meeting. Sixty-seven young ladies were seated on the stage , and their Girl Scout hymns , repeated the Scout Promise , and ten of their number gave a candle lighting ceremony , repeating the ten Girl Scout Laws. Mrs . Loren Willis of Howell spoke to the group on the subject of Scouting . A Girl Scout flag was presented to Troop 3, who had the greatest number of parents and guests present. A crowd of 175 was present to witness this program , which was preceded by a concert by the girls ' band of the high school, directed by Keene Stollsteimer . Among the first troop leaders were the following women: Miss Helen Maurer , Mrs. Mary Lou Chanter , Miss Adeline Hyatt , Miss Helen Garner , Miss Van Zee, Miss Alice Hall, and Miss Gladys Oldenburg . Several of these women were teachers in the Howell school system and had been encouraged in the leadership of these troops by John S. Page, superintendent of the Howell public schools. A roster from this period lists a large number of these first scouts by troop. In troop 1 were: Valeita Catrell, Joan Chaplin , Elizabeth Cooley, Judith Dickerson, Mary Jane Fredenburg , Pats y Gentry , Patricia Hogan, Mary Lewis, Dorothy Martin , Carol Pearch , Cora Grace Rogers , Rosemary Russo, and Patty Ulrich . Troop 2 listed the following girls: Luella Atkins, Rose Bowhall, Ellen Brandt, Rita Brayton , Joan Davis , Doris Goniea, Joyce Horton, Josephine McIntyre , Barbard McQuillan, Evelyn Misslitz, Anna Louise Schaible , Ruth Schackenberg, Patricia Smith , Betty Wakefield, Muriel Burnham , Allene Masa, Donna Belle Pattin, and Evelyn Miller . Troop 3 had the following names listed : Mary Jo Baldwin, Phyllis Jean Camburn , Rebecca Clark , Elizabeth Ann Cooper, Patricia Cooper, Mabel Hammell, Phyllis Hugg, Doris Miller, Beverly Pestle , Helen Russell , Mary Ellen Schanckenberg , Verla May Van Blaricum , Carolyn Woodhams, Marlene Guernsey , Marilyn Krause, Mary Ellen Pasmore , Joyce Teller, Elizabeth McCook, and Dorothy Less. Several of these girls still live in the Howell area , or have family in local residence . In 1940, Girl Scouts were placed in three age levels of Scouting . Brownie Scouts were the youngest girls from ages 7 through 9. Intermediate Scouting began when a girl was 10 years old, and Senior Scouting was enjoyed by high school girls . Howell troops were first organized according to geographical location in the various wards of the city, and all thre e troops were for the Intermediate range . Brownie troops had their beginning in 1945, when two troops were organized . Mrs . Byron Rogers and Mrs . Allan Kramer lead a troop in the west ward of the city, and Mrs. Lyle Hacker and Mrs. Loren Willis lead another group in the east ward section . In 1944t here was also a Senior troop under the guidance of Mrs. Sydney Clark . As of this writing in 1975, Mrs . Clark, Mrs. Hacker, and Mrs. Rogers still reside in Howell. Mr. and Mrs . Loren Willis donated to the Scouts the use of a log cabin located near the rear of their property on Lake Street. Known as the Scout Cabin, it was the scene of many troop and adult meetings and special activities . This log cabin was formerly the property of Mrs. Ralph M. Tubbs, who built it and filled it with antiques of all kinds during her lifetime . The Scouts purchased a large weaving loom and placed it in this cabin , where they were instructed in the weaving craft by members of the local Weavers Guild, who donated their time and talent in teaching the girls . At the time , it was said that Howell was one of only two places in the United States where Girl Scouts owned a loom of this kind. Howell Girl Scouts helped the war effort in the 1940s by collecting old sheets and preparing bandages and dressings for the American Red Cross in the city building on North Michigan Avenue. They worked at long tables where they cut and filled bandages and wrapped them in brown paper. They also gathered yarn for lap robes . The most memorable war activity seems to be the grease collection. Grown-up Howell Scouts, interviewed over thirty years later , smile as they recall the grease collection made by the girls in their various wards on the second Tuesday of each month. A newspaper clipping reports that Mrs. D.O. Davis , chairman of the fatcollecting salvage program, announged that 3,708 pounds of waste fat had been collected by the Girl Scouts during the 1944 year . After collection , the grease was presented to adult volunteers , who strained the fat in preparation for salvage . Mrs. Sydney Clark laughingly recalls how she almost ruined her stove during many hours of this straining , as the fat would often spill and burn on the kitchen range . The girls earned two red ration points for each pound of fat. These red points were used to purchase rationed groceries for their cook-outs and camping trips. Camping began in the 1940s when several troops would travel together in the fall to spend a week-end in a large building owned by the Boy Scouts at Camp Newkirk near Chelsea . 75 to 80 girls , along with their leaders and mothers , would enjoy this camping adventure. They later graduated no longer periods of camping at Cedar Lake , an established camp situated on state land in the southern part of the state. Girls who wanted to experience longer established resident camping , journeyed to the Irish Hills where the Jackson Girl Scouts maintained a camp on Wamplers Lake known as " Camp-0-The-Hills. " As of this writing, Howell girls attend established , troop, and Day Camp, at Camp Linden , a 460 acre camp owned by the Huron Valley Girl Scout Council, and located in northern Livingston County on Hogan Road , just West of Argentine . Day Camping began for Howell Scouts in the summer of 1955. Known as " Camp of the Woods," the Day Camp was situated on the Bachman Farm on Fisher Road on a site previously used by the Archery Club. Howell District school buses transported the girls to this site , where up to ten units for over two-hundred girls brought activities in the out of doors from 9:00 a.m. until 3:00 p.m. From 1955 through 1961 this Day Camp was directed by Mrs . Paul Soderberg , who was affectionately known by the camp name of " Cricket. " Mrs. Soderberg donated 27 years of volunteer time to the Girl Scout program , serving in Wyandott , Michigan , and Burlington , Iowa, before she came to Howell. In addition to her Day Camp activities , " Cricket " was adult training chairman for the area for many years , training leaders from other communities as well as in Howell. These seven years of Day Camp saw an expansion of adult participation in Howell. Each of the ten units had three leaders . In addition , there was an assistant director, craft personnel , a camp nurse , and supervisors of the "Chipmunks ," a unit of the little children of staff volunteers . There was also a unit of older boys known as the ''Handymen ,'' sons of the staff , aged eight to eleven, who had the honor of pumping water into large milk cans and bringing them to the various units in red wagons . One leader recalls , "there was such a good feeling among the staff that the children couldn' t help but have a good time. " Day Camp was later moved to the Howell Park under the direction of Mrs . Kenneth Huff. The Howell Gun Club also let the Scouts use its property south of town for camping activities under the direction of Mrs. Ralph Anderson . During recent years , Howell Scouts have joined girls from six other Livingston County communities at a county-wide Day Camp in a special area of Camp Linden in northern Livingston County. Adults from all communities in the county volunteer to direct and work at this annual activity . Howell women who have directed this county-wide Day Camp are Mrs. Robert Matthews , Mrs. Keigh Main, Mrs. Donald Field and Mrs. Dale Burch . They are all still residents of the Howell community . From the very beginning of Day Camping , all personnel have been volunteers who never received salary for their efforts . It has been a completel y volunteer operation . Small fees charged the girls were used for crafts and food. The first Girl Scout cookie sale madeanappearance in 1943. A tradition was begun, that all profits made from cookie sales would be used for camping purposes . This continues to the present , where the troops use their share of the profits for camping activities and the Council profit is used to maintain 281 camp grounds and to establish "camperships" to aid girls in camp attendance. On January 1, 1958, the Howell Girl Scout Council joined with neighboring community councils in the area to create one large organization known as the Huron Valley Girl Scout Council with its headquarter office in Ypsilanti. On March 1, 1958, Mrs. Lawrence Dunham, Howell Council President, was among the council presidents who signed the official registration form to be sent to the national Girl Scout organization for the incorporation of the new Huron Valley Council. In May 1958, Mrs. Dunham was elected as the 2nd Vice-President of this newly formed council. She also served on the council board later as its Secretary . Mrs. Dunham was the Chairman of the site committee that located the land for Camp Linden prior to its purchase. Mr. Donald MacDonald of Howell also served on this committee . At the annual Council meeting in March of 1974, Mrs. Dunham participated in the burning of the Camp Linden mortgage . She was honored at that time by the Council by receiving the "Best Friend of Scouting" award. The Huron Valley Council includes troops in Washtenaw and Livingston counties , northern Monroe county and western Wayne county. In 1968 there was a structure change in the council, which divided it into seven area associations. All of Livingston County was designated as an Area . Mrs. Roscoe Stuber of Howell was the first Livingston County Area Association Chairman, a position she held for six years . The chairman is now Mrs. John Fisher of Hamburg. Since the formation of the Huron Valley Council, six Howell residents have been among those persons who were elected to represent Livingston County of the Council Board . Mr. Donald Misslitz served as Council Treasurer. Mrs. Lawrence Dunham , Mrs. Donald Rhodes, Mrs. Paul Soderberg , Mrs. Roscoe Stuber and Mrs . James Young served as board members. Mrs . Young is presently on the board. In 1962, the national Girl Scout organization celebrated its 50th anniversary . In Howell there was a pageant in recognition of this event. The girls also distributed golden yellow tulip bulbs to Howell residents in the fall of 1961, so that when the scouts observed their anniversary on March 12, 1962, the next spring, there would be a sea of golden blooms in Howell gardens . Mrs . Donald Murray, long an active volunteer in Howell scouting, supervised girls who planted these bulbs in the garden surrounding the fountain on the Carnegie Library lawn. For some years thereafter , Girl Scout troops took turns planting an annual bed in this garden site. In 1962, the national organization made a program change , creating four age levels, which continues to the present. Brownie Scouts are the youngest, going from the 1st through the 3rd grades. Junior 8couts are 4th, 5th and 6th graders, while Cadette Scouts range from the 7th through the 9th grades . Senior Scouts are 10th, 11th and 12th graders . As of this writing in 1975, thirty-five years after Girl Scouting came to Howell, we see the original three troops grown to twenty-eight troops of girls, with over one-hundred adult volunteers. Six-hundred and seven girls had been associated with the movement in the past year,-s time. The girls and adults still wear the same trefoil pin, reminding them of a three-fold promise of service to God, Country, and Mankind, and they strive to live by the ten parts of the Law. In the preamble to the Girl Scout constitution it is s.tated thats scouting "is dedicated to the purpose of inspiring girls w.ith the highest ideals of character , conduct, patriotism, and service that they may become happy and resourceful citizens ." Through thirty-five years of scouting in Howell, many lives have been affected by this resolution . 282 GOOD NEIGHBORHOOD CLUB By VOLA HUTSON The Good Neighborhood Club began in the Benedict School District in 1923.A t first it was a get-together for the women to spend an afternoon together . Some of the original members were Anna Milet, Frances Seim (both still active members ), Grace Neuman , Lily Neuman, Mrs. Milet, Mae Fishbeck , Grace Knapp and Mary Haller . At first each member would take some hand work of her own to do, and as they worked they visited. The hostess would serve a lunch of cookies or cake or pie and beverage . Later on they played a game called " Bunko." The dues were 5 cents for each meeting . Sometime after 1926 some members of the Barnard School District were invited to join, but the club was to be restricted to only Genoa Township residents . Evelyn Strebbing joined the group in 1926 and shortly after that Hattie Nixon, Gladys Latson , Hattie Lounsbery and Gladys Russell became members. Many joined the group and later moved away, but the club continued 011. This club has been continuously active for fifty-two years and therefore, the names of some of the deceased and those who have moved away should be listed here . Here is a long list of the wonderful people who have made the Good Neighborhood Club such a success : Mrs. O'Leary , Helen Gregor , Marie Anderson, Ina Beattie, Mabel Burtch, Louisa Irey, Agnes Rancour, Mrs . Melton, Ila Haack , Eva Chubb, Mildred Willis, Gladys Rider , Mayme Russell , Helen Dyce, Mae Coyle, Maude Haller , Flora Hutson, Rhea Kuhns, Frances Faucher, Marion Rickett , Ruth Wilmer , Gale Nixon, Mary Sharp , Hula Doenges, Andrea Grostic, Betty Brown, Judy Abend, Mrs . Thompson, Thora Phlor , Margaret Starkey , Mrs . Fredericks, Irene Pasmore , Mildred Knapp, Mrs. Griesover and Delia White. In 1937 the group made friendship quilts . Each member made a quilt block for the hostess and embroidered her own name on it, therefore when each person entertained she would receive enough personal blocks to have a quilt . Later in the history of the club the men were invited to an evening party , and that is where the card playing really began , 500 was the popular card game at that time , so they chose that game and the members still meet and play 500 about twice a month from fall until spring . In those days the hostess would supply an inexpensive gift for first prize and " boobie" for both men and women who had high and low scores . Later that idea was given up and now we play "just for fun." The meetings are now held on Saturday afternoons. The hostess supplies beverage and jello and everyone else takes sandwiches . One person takes a cake to be served with the jello. This club has spent many, many happy hours together and always have a wonderful time . The list of members at present include: Anna Milet, Frances Seim, Evelyn Strebbing, Hattie Lounsbery, Elvira Zimmerman , Bessie Hammell, Gladys Latson , Mary Hammell, Hazen Latson , Nellie Latson , Alice Latson, Doug Deyell , Gladys Deyell, Mabel Starkey, Joe Starkey , Hattie Morrison , Hattie Nixon, Clark Nixon, Vola Hutson and Larry Hutson. HOWELL BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL WOMEN'S CLUB By PAULINE LAVERY The Howell Business and Professional Women's Club was organized in 1964, May 9th with 44 members . Edna C. Milford was elected charter president. The purpose of the Business and Professional Women'~- Club is to elevate the standards for women in business and the professions, to promote the interests of business and professional women, and to bring about a spirit of cooperation among B.P.W. women through education along lines of industrial , scientific and vocational activities. The National Federation of Business and Professional Women's Club was organized in July, 1919. There is close to 200,000 members now in 50 states, District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands. The National Federation is a member country of the International Federation of Business and Professional Women's Club. Programs and projects are developed within three areas which are of interest to career women. Personal development , civic participation, and world affairs. Membership in the B.P.W. includes a cancer insurance which two Howell members have benefitted from. Some of our projects have been helping Howell girls with scholarships for further education. Also donating to a kidney machine, donating to a cancer fund, donating to Howell charities, donating to B.P.W. National Scholarship Funds, donating to Howell Carnegie Library for educational books. President for 1975 and 1976 is Margaret Alger, 719 Spring Street, Howell, Mich. INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS UNION LODGE NO. 100 By GLENN E. SMITH Prior to 1912 when the Union Lodge was organized , there were two lodges in existence. When they merged to the Union Lodge, Frank Hamburger, Grand Master and Fred Rogers, Grand Secretary instituted the Union Lodge on the 20th day of January , 1912. Charter members include: T. B. Knapp, H.D. Bush, J. W. Mynahan, H. Peterson, A.L. Day, W.L. Lyons, W.E. Musson, F. Wilson, L.W. Hovey, A. Brown, D.D. Neely, C. Weimeister. The object of this lodge is to visit the sick, relieve the distress , educate the orphans , bury the dead and place memorial flags on deceased members graves . Present Noble Grand is Allen V. Clark . WORLD WAR I BARRACKS AND AUXILIARY By CHRYSTAL HANDY World War I Barracks and Auxiliary No. 3534 Howell, Mich. was organized on April 22, 1971 by Guy and Nellie Poppy of Barracks and Auxiliary No. 49, Pontiac. Installing officers were Harold and Madelyn Sessions of Barracks and Auxiliary No. 235, Lansing . Howard Newberry was the first Commander and Mildred Perkins was the first presdient. This is a national organization for the purpose of binding together all members of World War I to assist and protect the needs of these Veterans and their families and to see that laws are enacted for their benefit and justice . Also to form a lasting friendship. Charters were issued and Howard Newberry made the frames for the Charters of both Barracks and Auxiliary. James and Esther McLaren donated the black drapes for the Charters. Also Mr. and Mrs. McLaren bought and donated the American flags for both groups . Mr. and Mrs . Clayton Price donated the Holy Bible for the Barracks, and Isabelle Dunsmore donated the Auxiliary Bible. Florence McLeod and Ella Cavan donated the Auxiliary Alter Cloth and Violet Bitner presented the Auxiliary an electric can opener for their kitchen. Ma'ly projects were used to earn money (Selling Apple Blossoms, bazaars , rummage sales , napkins and breakfast trays). This money is used for many welfare benefits (Donations have been made to several Veterans Hospitals, to McPherson Hospital, and to the Pageant of Drums ; for Christmas baskets to needy veterans, flags to mark the graves of W.W.I. Veterans, and recently a wheel chair and walkP.r were purchased for use of W.W.I. Veterans and fa1.1ilies. Members of the Barracks participated in the presentation of an American Flag and a Michigan Flag to the Circuit Court of Livingston County. We have had four 50th wedding anniversaries and have been honored and entertained by the Brighton Legion Post at their annual birthday dinner for the past three years. Clifford and Mildred Perkins were honored by being elected as 5th District Commander and President respectively for 1974a nd 1975.O ur organization has been host to the 5th District meeting in 1974 and 1975 at the Recreation Center in Howell. We have had 10 deaths in the Barracks and two in the Auxiliary, but in spite of the decrease in membership , we are forging ahead this year under the leadership of our new officers with Alden Merrill as Commander and Irene Price as Auxiliary President for the good of our country as members of World War I. Will Terhune displays a big grin and a big trophy presented to him and the city band after their performance at the State Fair. 283 __J 284 Pictures taken in 1895 of the secret initiation rites of the Maccabees. Initiation • lhmMr llH.:HtGAN PRESS ASSOCIATION MemMr \CDIT BUREAU OF CIRCULATIONS t Year, Volume 99, umber 5 lfuingston( ountpj rr55 A County Paper for the Home; Solely and Fearlcasly Devoted to Se"ice in the Community - Independent in Politic, Howe ll. Michigan , \Ved ncsday, August IS, 1945 • Oean New, • Oean Adverti,in1 . • Clean Purpose LOCAL NEjVS WHILE IT JS NEWS 16 Page,, Single Copy, > Cen t: owell Celebrates War Victory World War D By MRS. FLORENCE COOK The Japanese sneak attack on Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941 precipitated the entry of the U.S. into World War II. That day , which will live in infamy, began the all-out transition from the peace to the war basis . I remember that several residents of Hartland Twp. had been gathered in the Hartland Fire Hall the evening before, completing a fall project of mattress-making from government-supplied "surplus" cotton. How unaware we were of the imminence of the forboding announcement! A few days later the Axis powers declared war on the U.S. Of course America was unprepared for war-now a twofront war, but slowly at first , then with gathering momentum it geared itself for the task . Because time was short and it was desired to sacrifice no more lives than necessary we Greetings Having submitted yourself to a local board composed of your neighbors for the purpose of determining your availability for training and service in the land or naval forces of the United States, you are hereby notified that you have now been selected for training and service therein. This local board will furnish transportation to an induction station . You will ther.e be examined , and , if accepted . .. , you will then be inducted into the land or naval forces. If you are employed, you should advise your employer of this notice .. . Your employer can then be prepared to replace you if accepted, or to continue your employment if you are rejected . Willful failure to report promptly to this local board at the hour and on the day named .. . is a violation of the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940, as amended , and subjects the violator to fine and imprisonment . 286 spent recklessly to provide the supplies and machinery of war. The Draft Board of Livingston County consisted of three men at any one time. They served without pay, and credit is due each one. Among those who served , these names come to mind: Sam Platt, Bert Hoff, and Russell Woodruff-original three ; others, Guy Butler, Frank Durfee, and Bob Graham . The Selective Service was located in an office at 110½ N. Michigan , Howell, in quarters now occupied by Attorney Wilfred Erwin. It later moved to rooms ·above the former bank building on the south side of W. Grand River in the vicinity of the present D & C store. Lyle Pettibone was Chief Clerk, initially , succeeded by Miss Elizabeth Griffith. The Receptionist was Gladys (Jones ) Heeg. The responsibility of this Service was to prepare a list of 25, 50, or even 100 elligible draftees ready to answer the calls which came once or twice a month as manpower quotas were required of Livingston County. On those mornings when the drafted young men had to report for their physicals in Detroit , one to three large Greyhound buses would be lined up on N. Mich. across from City Hall at 5 o-clock in the morning. The Selective Service personnel had to meet the buses there, and check the lists as the men boarded the buses . It was a time of activity , excitement , and poignancy of feelings as partings took place . Another vital agency of WW II was the American Red Cross. Livingston County had the following efficient personnel : Chr.-Mrs. Olive Merithew, Home Service-Supt. John Page , Production-Mrs. Harry Huntington , Blood Program- Mrs . John Page and Helen Bauer . In order to insure supplies for our fighting men rationing was necessary . Chester Bowles was the National Head of this I + Joe Harris ' Diamond Dot on M-59 . This is the original building and all the people in that line have meat stamps in their hand, hoping to get a little rationed meat. department. The local OPA office was housed on W. Grand River in the area recently vacated by Goodnow's Store, and at one time the location of Young's Motor Sales. Tom Faussett was appointed to have charge of the office of rationing . Mrs. Florence Burkhart and others assisted in the office. The schools of the county served as distribution centers initially, the teachers issuing the ration books which contained stamps for gas , fuel oil, tires , sugar , flour, coffee, meat , butter , and footwear . These books were dealt out according to the number of people in the family household. Tokens, small red or blue disks, were also issued by OP A, and were valued at one point each towards the purchase of rationed articles . At times there were definite periods , e.g., Aug. 27 to Oct. 13, in which low-priced men's or women's shoes were sold ration-free . The shoes had to have been manufactured before Mar . 1, 1944 and retail for $3.50 a pr . or less. For these, application had to be filed with OPA district offices between Aug. 10 and Sept. 8. Scarce articles were sewing machines , vaccuum cleaners, domestic washing machines , electric irons and alarm clocks. Newsprint shortage was a war-time problem . Light-colored corn syrup or honey was suggested to replace 1 / 3 to ½ of sugar used in canning . Tires were rationed with farm tractor and implement tires given first consideration . Priorities were also given to war plant employees and others . Lumber was limited to emergenc y repair lumber applied for at the local War Production field office. Wool topcoats , overcoats , dresses and worsted suits were scarce due to wartime control of such fabrics. Howell car dealers urged that every existing car had to be kept in service and carefull y maintained as strict priority rationing was necessary to industry-wide manufacturing quotas . Speeds faster than 35 miles an hour on Michigan trunkline highways were not legal until after Aug. 21, 1945, the date the state's wartime speed limit was lifted officially. It was a later date before faster speeds became effective on county roads . There · was warning to have consideration of the worn tires and the mechanical defects of cars driven much beyond mileages for which they were intended. New cars were not available as automobile factories had been tooled for providing critical war equipment. Rationing and shortages of WW II are pointed up in this article "As the Civilian Sees Peace ," taken from the Detroit News at the close of the war : " No more gas coupons .. . no more snippy clerks ... no more fuel oil coupons .. . no more impudent clerks . . . no more WLB .. . no more under-the-counter cigarets ... no more tire rationing . .. no more tin can flattening . .. no more OPA . . . no more haughty clerks . .. no more black market nylons ... no more waiting in line for everything you buy ... no more shoe coupons ... no more arrogant parking lot attendants ... no more shortages of soap chips . . . no more apple butter substitute for butter ... no more sugar shortage ... no more WMC ... no more fish substitute for steaks ... no more fresh clerks ... no more WPB . . . no more housing shortage . . . no more egg shortage . . . no more cotton shortage ... no more girdle shortage .. . no more paper shortage, including grocery bags . . . no more scalping of railroad tickets ... no more candy shortage .. . no more golf ball shortage ... no more film shortage .. . no more sixmonth watch repair jobs ... no more shortage of taxicabs ... no more shortage of toilet soap." With the shut down of trade with the Far East , the natural rubber supply was cut back , and " synthetic " rubber was used for footwear, tires , etc. Fenced-in collection depots for used rubber were set up. One such was located in the Howell Co-op Mill area . It was soon heaped high-even rubber baby dolls were donated to the "cause. " Discard aluminum was placed in deposit centers also, and paper drives were carried on. A playground swing set was bought with money raised by the Rumsey School children during their paper drive . After years of skimping on sugar, one lady in our neigh- 287 The American Legion Veterans place a wreath on the Roll of Honor of Livingston County soldiers during the Memorial Day Parade , 1946. WORLD WAR II Trevor Jones Orvin L . Vyse 1941-1945 Earl J . Keyes Frederick J. Waterbury Paul A. Kirby Chas . Sherman Welcker William M . Austin Joe Lesiak Galen J . Westmoreland Earl Barrett Frank J . Kelly Lawrence A . Zizka Marvin R . Beals Merlyn J . Mccleer Frank C. Newland Earl J . Berquist Orual J . McDaniels Floyd I. Bleasdell Clare Francis Mc Keener KOREAN WAR Kenneth E . Bleasdell Donald E . Miller Homer E. Boeve Michael Mizine James Humphries Maurice G. Boutell Melbourne K . Morgan Gordon A. Sheeks Kenneth C. Brayton Robert E . L . Morlan Victor Atwell Fred W. Brockway William H . Noel Robert Derby Richard E. Buckley Ernest J. Palmer Charles Culver Jack C. Button Duane C. Parker George H . Wines Walter R. Carmack Otto M . Peckins Wade McCook Ronald G. Cheney Harold Dale Peterson Robert L . Howe Edgar S. Clinton Edward J . Pittinger Frank W . Shaffier E. Allen Collacott F. Robert Pless Edward Howell John A . Crofoot Wayne K . Plummer Donald C. Parker Max L. Crownhart Orvell Puckett Martin E . Cranston Joyce E . Curtis Harold J. Raymond Milton Harrison Belmont D . Davenport Lloyd C. Reader Richard Strong Charles 0 . Dean William F . Richmond James Newland Wesley B. Dildine Andrew B. Roberts Frederick H. Dillingham Kenneth B. Rohrabacher VIETNAM WAR John R. Dillon Edwin E . Rosser Chas . Disbrow ( Kunahl Edward T . Saroski Lee Francis Jones Robert C. Doherr Francis S. Scheffer Max Edward Nimphie, Jr . Lawrence 0. Eddy Wilson Scott William Franklin Diggs Frank Elliott, Jr . Gordon L. Sessions John E. Mcie Wayne Farrell Frederick N . Singer Robert Lee Walker, Jr . Charles E. Frush T . A. Smail John L. Hasford Francis Gaffney Frank Smith Maurice John Biehn Clare L. Gilmore Harold V. Smith , Jr . John Martin Donohue Theodore H . Hackenberg Eugene W . Soper James M. Loso Homer Harrington Lawrence R . Steinacker William Marvin Light Glen P. Haskins Victor E . Szymanski Brent Britten Nauss Charles Hoag Ernest L . Tester Dennis Paul Lindsey Ralph A. Holmes George E . Thomas Donald A . R . Demond Harry W. Isham John A . Vanwinkle 288 borhood with the help of friends , saved up enough sugar to make and frost four cakes , white , yellow, chocolate , and carmel. She invited the neighbors in for the evening, and what a treat it was to see and taste those delicious cakes after having gone without so long. Bananas was another article that were really appreciated when they came back on the market. Steel scrap drives were an important source of war material. Volunteers from Howell went around to the farms to pick up discarded steel. This was brought in to town and piled on the west side of the former Citizens Building, east of the Court House. Many employees and agents of Citizens were inducted into service or war related industry jobs . Many factories converted to war plants , and shops began to make war materials. Men and women from Livingston County drove to Ypsilanti to work in the Bomber Plant. Manufacturing plants received citations from time to time for continued excellence in war production . In 1944 the UAWCIO in a Grand Rapids Convention took action to reaffirm their no-strike pledge for the duration of hostilities . Commercial food lockers started up business. John Vogt had one in Fowlerville and in Howell on the corner of Sibley and McCarthy in an old church building . Joe Harris and Tom Bain also made butchering and locker service available, and helped to alleviate meat shortages . As three-fourths of the world faced starvation the work of the general farmer was more important than at any peacetime . The farmer was destined to help the world but who would help the farmer ? The hired man had not yet come marching home. In Livingston County W.N. Isbell acted as emergenc y farm labor assistant , bringing together Wartime Victory Farm Volunteers from the city, and farmers who needed such a boon. " No. 1 war plants of World War II" is what the Master of the Michigan State Grange called the farms , which broke all former food production records , dispite lack of equipment , and manpower shortages due to farm boy enlistments. The farmer s never struck , they never hoarded labor , and they never called it quits . Men along in years , girls and women did their part to see that there was good for their fighting men and their allies- armed forces first and the civilians had their rationed shares . Vacant lots and available areas were plowed for victory The Veterans organization presents a check to Paul Bennett ( left) to pay for the Little League field . gardens. VICTORY GARDEN COMMI'ITEES reported to the STATE VICTORY GARDEN HEADQUARTERS. Over 100 one-room schools, as well as city and village schools, were scattered over Livingston County during World War II days . Teacher shortages became acute here as elsewhere , and former teachers by the score , were pressed back into service and issued War Emergency Certificates . These were contingent on credits to be earned by the teachers taking "refresher course s" at the universities , and later extension courses and summer school work . As did the farmers , these dedicated people gave willingly of their time and talent to challenge the minds of the youth in these years of crisis . Teachers encouraged children to plant VICTORY GARDENS and issued certificates to those who carried their projects to completion . They sold Saving Stamps to pupils which accumulated to War Savings Bonds. JR . RED CROSS groups were organized , and various projects undertaken . In our school the girls pieced a 9-patch quilt to be sent to an army hospital. Country children gathered hundreds of bags of milk weed pods to be used in life jackets . Genuine heartfelt love of country stirred our school young folk as they sang American Songs for Victory , compiled by the Committee on Wartime Civic Music of the Michigan Council of Defense for use in schools, clubs and civic groups . Copies were distributed by the University of Michigan in 1943. The Hartland Area Schools Music Director , Mrs . Inez Musson inspired the children in singing " The Caisson Song," " The Marines Hymn," " The Army Air Corps," "Anchors Aweigh," "The White Cliffs of Dover " and " A Song of Peace " to the tune of Finlandia . These Emergency teachers and the other teachers of that period did their own janitor work, had charge of arranging for a hot dish lunch each day ( willingly supplied by the parents ), organized the sports , dispersed the library books, handled recess duty , and planned parties and programs . There were no negotiations or strikes . During the war years aviation in Howell steadil y outgre w its present airport of that time , and looked ahead to a new airport and an increase in flying with the air-minded war veterans returning as potential pilots. In the Postal Department there were regulations for overseas mail for members of the armed forces . The time for mailing Yuletide packages (marked Christmas Parce l) was 289 designated from September 15 to October 15, and were not to exceed five pounds in weight or fifteen inches in length. Not more than one Christmas parcel could be accepted in any one week when sent by or on behalf of the same person to or for the same addressee. Telephones were not readily available to fill civilian orders , as the factories were workihg practically full time on the communication needs of the fighters in the two theaters of war. Civilians were requested to leave long distance from 7:00-10:00 p.m. for the service men. Also to help the morale of our fighting men, civilians were urged to keep up a flow of letters. Brave wives and mothers formed Service' Wives Clubs, Blue Star Mothers and Gold Star Mothers groups . Some of these met regularly to encourage one another. Women knitted sweaters , made knitted blocks for blankets , and other woolen articles to keep the soldiers warm. At least seven WAR LOAN DRIVES were made in the U.S. to provide our men with the machinery and supplies of war. The national goal in the 3rd was 15 billion. When the 5th was launched the goal was 16 billion. Of this, Michigan's share was 526 million, 86 million over the 4th WAR LOAN. Volunteers called Gallants agreed to sell a minimum of $1000 E series Bonds. Kits for Gallants were distributed . Your author 290 canvassed her community during one of these drives , and found people most patriotic to the Cause. One purchaser met with misfortune a few years later , and the only means of identification on his body was the receip he had been given at the time of his WAR BOND purchase . Livingston County was the first county in the state to achieve its Seventh WAR LOAN DRIVE, and Fowlerville High School was first in the state to pass its WAR BOND quota in that Drive . Livingston County, as well as the rest of the state accumulated a backlog of needed road projects as a result of restrictions preventing replacements during the war period. The War Production Board postponed or rejected public works programs because necessary material was critical for war purposes . Young ladies joined the SPARS (Marines ), WAACS ) Army , WAFS (Air Force ), WAVES (Navy), or took Cadet Nurse Training at Sparrow Hospital , Lansing . Nurses were recruited from those who were classified as available by the procurement and assignment service of the War Manpower Commission. Doctors from this community were drafted into war service , and gave valiantly of their ability . The local churches , pastors and congregations were the heartbeat of the community as they backed up their boys with their prayers , letters and packages . It was a highlight to General McArthur arrives in town on his way to Washington D.C. and rides in a parade through town with Mayor Charles Sutton . "Old Soldiers Never Die." have one of our servicemen home on furlough because our minister would ask him to carry the flag to the center front as the people stood, and then lead them in the pledge of allegiance . How proud we were of each one! As the war wore on, and the tragic casualty lists reappeared in our weekly paper, Ben Thomas, County Agricultural Agent, stepped forward with a concrete plan to immortalize the memory of our heroic dead . It was he who drew up the plans for the impressive gleaming white wooden arch memorial which stood for a time on the Court House lawn. A few years later the County Board of Supervisors appointed Charles Sutton and Willis Lyons to arrange to replace this with a lasting engraved monument , the details for which were handled by Harold Chubb. Other memorial lists were located in cities of the county. Hartland 's was at the site of the Music Hall. OUTSTANDING DATES OF WW II 8 Sept. 1943-The Italians surrendered , and were told by the Commander-in-chief of the Allied Force: " ... all Italians who assist in the fight against the Germans will have the support of the United Nations ." 6 June 1944 (D-Day)-American, British and Canadian forces landed by daylight in massive strength on the Normandy coast of France , and sped inland from quickly established beachheads . Gen. D.D. Eisenhower told his ,,'" ., '. ., -~- sr Erecting the monument on the courthouse lawn to the Veterans of WWII . troops this grand assault must bring " nothing less than full victory ." Pres. Roosevelt went on the air at 10:00 p.m. with the hope that the nation would join him in the prayer he had written for victory for the Allied forces of liberation in their invasion of Hitler 's fortress Europe . Gov. Kelly said , " The hour has arrived to test our hearts .. Separated from our sons by thousands of miles of land and water, we can . . . give them comfort . . . by uniting in prayer s for their safety and success ... " He ordered air raid sirens sounded and church bells rung to call citizens to a moment of silence at 10:00 a.m. 8 May 1945 (VE-Day)-It was a quiet holiday , and a time of thankfullness rather than hilarit y. It marked the lifting of the " brownout ," a fuel saving wartime measure imposed several months before. Pres . Truman said in his radio proclamation ; (this date was also the president 's 61st birthday ) " The Allied armies , through sacrifice and devotion and with God's help, have won from Germany a final and unconditional surrender . The western world has been freed of the evil forces which for five years and longer have imprisoned the bodies and broken the lives of millions upon millions of freeborn men. They have violated their churches , destroyed their homes, corrupted their children, and murdered their loved ones . . . Much remains to be done. The victory won in the west must now be won in the east. " 14 Aug. 1945 (V-J Day)-Pres . Truman finished reading of - .• 291 Japan's capitulation, at his press conference . He dropped his voice and said very softly, "That 's all. " Mrs. Martha Truman , 93-year-old mother of the president, 30 minutes after he had announced the surrender and then called her afterwards said , " I'm glad Harry decided to end the war . He's no slow person . He gets where he's going in short order ." General of the Army Douglas A. MacArthur , who told the Filipinos " I will return " and did it, was appointed Supreme Allied Commander for the occupation of Japan . The war was over 3 years , 8 months, and 7 days since the attack on Pearl Harbor. 14 Aug. 1945-Howell 's Victory Celebration-Seconds after Pres . Truman 's official statement at 7:00 p.m. of the war 's end, Howell citizens put on an unparalleled noise-making demonstration . Sirens , horns, guns, bells, firecrackers , tin cans tied to car bumpers and anything else to produce noise was heard and the racket continued far into the night. 15 Aug. 1945- " Many people expressed amazement at the scope of the victory celebration , saying it was beyond anything they ever expected . It was big, it was adequate , and it was well organized ." It had been planned for monthscomplete to the last detail. Directors of the Howell Bd. of Commerce had asked Rev. Pailthorpe to be chairman . Because he had planned, delegated tasks, etc ., all went well, even though the Rev. was out of town on the big day . The parade was the longest, 10 blocks long, and the best ever seen up to that time . Assisting Mr. Stollsteimer and Mr. Charles Sutton at the parade were Frank Bush in charge of marching units , E .L. Millis in charge of floats , and Noel Burnham of other details . Marching groups included : Spanish-American War Veterans , Service men of WW II, Blue Star Mothers , Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, Cub Scouts, Veterans of Foreign Wars . Floats : Statue of Liverty Float-Citizens , Red Cross, Blue Star Mothers, Service Wives, Youth Center , Clowns & Uncle Sam-Howell Motors, Tractor & wagon with a goat representing Tojo-Iosco-Marion Farmers, Children of Allied Nations-Sanatorium, Waldenwoods Vocal Music Camp Singers on wagon, Baptist Church bus, Logan & Edna Papworth-scrap salvage truck , Ford Garage-decorated truck , Michigan Bell- service truck. 292 Mounted riders: T.J . Kizer farm, George Seaman place , Harris Diamond Dot Ranch , George Lucas farm , Tyler Brogan 's son. Clowns: On bicycles-Vern Cole, Bert Easton , and Arthur Schauer. Howell Electric Motors-Chas . Bonny, Kernie and Delores King, Betty and Billy Parks , Dick and Joan Switzer, Joan and Paul Miller , Walter Squire , Cleon Hartwell and daughter , Luther Spalding, Roy Latson , Jim Ricketts , Bernice Wiley, Earl Sharpe (as a lady ), and C.H. Zuck was there with his accordion . Five Civil Air Patrol planes flew overhead during the parade , piloted by Joe Grostic, Dean Park , Harry Bartche , Sherman Haller , and Lloyd Beurmann . After the parade a large crowd gathered on the Court House lawn for a program with Charles Sutton as chairman . Howell wartime Mayor Berthold Woodhams was called on, and spoke of this day as one of thanksgiving , gratitude , and dedication . Two numbers were heard from the 120-voice chorus of Waldenwoods Vocal Camp, directed by Dr . Kenneth Westerman . Rev . Fr . Day of St. Joseph 's Catholic Church gave an inspiring address, and closed with a tribute to the price of victory paid in the blood and courage of those who had fought to preserve what Americans know to be right. The closing program feature was the Lord 's Prayer . Evening services were held at the Walnut St. Methodist , the Lutheran, and the St. Joseph's Churches. In one of these services Dr . Noble and Rev . W.W . Clay were the speakers . At 9:00 p.m. a huge bonfire took place at the Howell City Park, followed by a generous display of fireworks, mostly ignited by Karl Welker. Closing feature of this memorable day was a free dance at St. Joseph Hall, music by the Finlan orchestra . The public spirit , patience, and fairness of the official, professional , and business people of Howell and surrounding communities , did much to make those trying war years bearable . They showed personal interest in their customers and patrons. The County Press was invaluable . May we all, as we reflect on WW II, mark well the statement quoted by Fr . Day in his address that final afternoon , "Do not forget that eternal vigilance is the price of freedom. " One of the floats in the V.J . day parade, 1946. The old St. Joseph Church and Rectory on Grand River . Churches ST. JOSEPH CATHOLIC CHURCH HISTORY By FATHER GILBERT 0. RAHRIG, MRS . GERALD JONES, MRS. JAMES E. COLBERT The beginnings of Catholicism in Howell reaches back to 1836, '37, or '38. The first priest to visit Howell for Mass seems to have been Father Patrick O'Kelly, who was stationed first at Northfield then Green Oak and finally Genoa. During the days of his ministry in Livingston County, Father O'Kelly visited among a number of Irish families then living in Howell where Mass was said in private homes . No attempt at church building was made, however , until 1878w hen Father James Daugherty of Brighton purchased in 294 Churches Coordinator Golda Ryan . Birthplace·Hermondale, Missouri . Birthdate.Nov . 2, 1934. Maiden name.Golda Marie Frazer. Denomination.catholic . She attended school at Holland, Missouri for eleven years and a 1953 graduate of Howell High School. Worked for Michigan Bell's manual office as Switchboard Operator, Eagers Restaurant and Reuland Electric Company . Married Robert Clarence Ryan, native of the Howell area in 1956. Present occupation, housewife, and mother of two children, Robert Joseph Ryan and Patti Shawn Ryan. Volunteer worker for school, church, Cancer Society, March of Dimes and Livingston County Respect for Life Committee. August 1878, the first church site at the corner of Fowler and East Grand River and began the construction of St. Joseph Church . Howell remained a mission of Brighton until Father James Gore was transferred to it from Williamston in 1888 to become the first resident pastor. Father James Gore was succeeded by Fathers John Ryan , George Clarson , Hugh McCarthy , James Thornton , Geroge McDace, John Crowe, Herman Fedewa , John Ralph Day , Leo Kalinowski , Joseph E. Wieber and the present pastor, Gilbert 0 . Rahrig . Among noteworthy achievements of the parish , in chronological order , is first , the construction of the first rectory under the administration of Father John Ryan. Father Ryan was here from 1889 to 1898. Under the direction of Father Hugh McCarthy the first church was enlarged to extend the sanctuary and sacristies . This reconstruction was completed between 1900 and 1905. Father James Tholnton who was pastor from 1905 to 1916 installed a new heating system in the church and rectory . It was during the pastorate of Father John Crowe that the church commemorated its Golden Jubilee . On Sunday, December 14, 1941, His Excellency , the Most Reverend Joseph H. Albers , Bishop of the Diocese of Lansing , came to Howell for the blessing of the first school and convent. Father Fedewa was pastor at that time . During the pastorate of Father Day, a new parish site was purchased and the present ten room school was built. Also during this time , the parish celebrated its Diamond Jubilee . In 1960 during the pastorate of Father Kalinowski , the present convent was built. On July 9, 1961, Father Wieber broke ground for the new church . It was completed and dedicated in May 1962. The administration building was completed and blessed in the Spring of 1963. In keeping with the directives of the Vatican Council and the new trend in church design and liturgy , the sanctuary was renewed in 1974. During the history of the parish , five priests were ordained and there were six vocations to the sisterhood. The organizations of the church are the following-Parish Council, Rosary Altar Society, Parish Board of Education, Ushers , St. Vincent de Paul , Fatima Rosary Group, Lectors and Commentators, Adult Choir, Folk Choir, Junior Folk Choir, and Parents ' Club. Land for the first cemetery was purchased in 1891 from Charles E . and Kate Itsell , located in Genoa Township. This was known as the Catholic Cemetery of Howell, Michigan. Land for Mt. Olivet Cemetery was purchased in January, 1914f rom R.E . and Mary R. Barron. This property is located within the city limits of the City of Howell on the shore of Howell Lake . THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS By LOVEEN COY and NANCY DUNN May, 1968, Howell began as a dependent Branch . James Philburn was called as the first President; Linda Philburn was first Primary President ; Phyllis Ward was the first Relief Society President; and, Bernard Wright , was first Sunday School President. The first meetings were held in the Masonic Temple , then located over the First National Bank. April, 1969, the branch moved to new facilities at 910 S. Michigan A venue , Howell. , July , 1970 Howell became an independent branch . Joseph Weaver was called as President. November, 1971 Richard J . McMacken was called as Branch President. November, 1974 groundbreaking for the new church building on West Grand River, just east of the new fire hall. There is documented proof that the church had missionaries working in the Livingston County area in the years around 1840. Baptisms took place then and many joined the church. However, no record can be found telling who the Presidency were, only the name of one elder is available and the names of several whom he baptized . The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , commonly referred to as the Mormons , was organized in 1830, under the guidance of divine revelation , by Joseph Smith . In 1840 the church first came to the Livingston County area . Meetings were held in a house which has come to be known as the "Mormon School House." In the year 1842 the 13 families in the area which formed the nucleus of that first Mormon church moved on to join other church members colonizing Nauvoo, Illinois . What happened to the church in this area we have little or no record of until 1968. Undoubtedly some members were here but since by directive from the church , families may hold the meetings of the various organizations in their home if need be, then records of such would be found in the church records in Salt Lake City. The church as a whole was re-established as Christ's church on the earth through his divine revelation and guidance. Its structure is the same as the church of Jesus Christ when he lived on the earth. Various organizations in the church help it accomplish its goal of returning the gospel of Jesus Christ to the earth and his church as he would have it. One of the most important of these organizations is the Relief Society, which is the oldest Women's organization in existence in the world . Other organizations , without which the church could not function, are the Elders Quorum , which is responsible for the welfare of all the families ; the Seventies, which is responsible for the missionary program ; the Sunday School; the Primary , which teaches the children ages 3-11 church history and doctrine; Seminary, which carries on the teachings of Primary for teenagers ; and , APYW, a social organization for teenagers. Some important programs in the church include the Welfare Program , through which the church takes care of its own who are in need . This program maintains its own sources of food and almost anything else needed, all provided by church members themselves . The Missionary Program, where young men , in pairs , usually in their twenties , volunteer to spend two years of their life proselyting. They are sent all over the world to spread the gospel. Many young women and married couples , as well as older people serve as missionaries , although the time is always voluntary and during their mission they adher to a rigid schedule set up by the church. Perhaps the most important program is Family Home Evening which in the church , is Monday, but can be any evening convenient to the family. This particular evening the family members set aside to spend together every week to do a variety of things , which always include prayer, but may be an evening spent bowling, going to a movie or just talking over some of the everyday events in their lives . The importance of this program cannot be stressed too strongly as the church believes the family unit is the most important thing on earth. It is the church 's way of bridging the generation gap and while families still have problems there is security for all knowing the members of the family are united. Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints will be familiar with all of these organizations and programs , however , even they , in future years, will be glad to know that in the Livingston County area , as everywhere in the world , the work of the church is progressing , and that at the time of the Bicentennial , Howell Branch was a totally functioning Branch . The Church began on January 22, 1966. Our first meetings were held in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Baber . Arrangements 295 were made to use the Recreation Center for our regular Sunday services. Pastor and Mrs. Crosby from Portage Lake came every Sunday and helped with music and taught Sunday School classes. Kenneth Pierpont drove from Grand Rapids every Thursday and had Bible Study and prayer meeting in the Baber home. In 1968,H arold Wolcott applied to the Galilean Mission and came to Howell to pastor, at which time we held both Sunday morning and Sunday evening services at the Recreation Center and prayer meeting in the Walcott home. He worked hard in developing a site to build the church on. In the fall of 1968 we started the Ladie's Missionary Fellowship. Pastor Walcott resigned in the summer of 1969 to go to another ministry in Pennsylvania . While we were waiting to pick a new pastor Mr. Frank Shultz, founder and director of the Galilean Baptist Mission, held prayer meeting on Wednesday eveing. Pastor Paton came in the fall of 1969t o fill in as pastor and to candidate . Pastor Paton came as full time pastor on March 15, 1970.H e helped to start building the church in July of 1970. We started holding services in the new building in December of 1970. On January 17, 1971w e held the Dedication of the Church with Dr. David Allen, from Calvary Baptist Church of Hazel Park , doing the speaking . In the fall of 1970, we purchased our first church bus. Besides our Sunday Services, are Sunday School 9:45 a.m. and Morning worship at 11 :00 a.m. along with Jr . Church also at 11:00 a.m. , Wednesday edvening prayer meeting at 7:30 p.m . with Choir practice after prayer. We have roller skating once a month, Ladie's Fellowship Meeting once a month , and a Home Bible Study twice a month, and a church calling program every Thursday. Lord willing this fall we will be breaking ground for a new addition to our building. We also hope to start a Jet Cadet and Whirlybirds program for our children. Our Sunday School teaches the Bible as the supreme standard by which all human conduct , creeds and opinions should be tried. Sunday School prepares one for the future here on earth and in eternity. Sunday School confronts the student with the demand of God that he receive Jesus Christ as his personal Saviour. Sunday School presents opportunities to share Christian experiences. Sunday School shows the student how he can be of service in the community and also in the world. Sunday School helps to build strong character . All of this is done by the study of the Word of God and the help of teachers to guide and help the student. Our Church has a message. "All have sinned and come short of the Glory of God," Rom. 3:23. "For the wages of sin is death , but the gift of God is eternal life" Rom. 6: 23. " For God proves His love toward us, in that while we were yet sinners , Christ died for us," Rom. 5:8. "But to as many as received Him, to them gave He power to become the Sons of God, even to them that believe in His Name," John 1:12. " Therefore, if any man be in Christ , he is a new creation; old things are passed away, and behold all things have become new," II Cor. 5:17. 1ST EPISCOPAL CHURCH The 1st Episcopal Church in Howell was organized at a meeting held December 12, 1857 in the Congregational Church. (This church is believed to have stood in the vicinity of Higgins and State SU The group took the name All Saints Church of Howell. Besides the 1st vicar, The Reverend Henry Branwell, Abel F. Butterfield, Joseph T. Titus, H.C. Briggs , George Greenway , George Hoyt, William A. Clark and M. Labouter were present at that initial meeting. 296 -~-- _J .~.,:~~ 1 -~ In 1867 for some unknown reason, a movement for reorganiz~tion began to develop. Accordingly, at the an_nual meeting on April 13, 1868A rticles of Agreement to establish a new church to be called St. John's Episcopal Church of Howell were accepted. These Articles were duly recorded with the county clerk the next day, April 14, 1868. In 1880 the cornerstone was laid for the first church building. It was located on the northwest corner of Walnut and Sibley Street on property given by George Greenway. The building was completed and dedicated in 1881. The total cost of land parcels and structure was $2,40?. To?ay. the building is owned by the First Church of Christ Scientist. During 1882-1883 the mission was served by Mr. A.W. Ryan. While here the Ryans lost a child,~ -Fay. As a ~esult, the congregation presented the baptism~! f~nt m . h~s memory . This was the first recorded memorial gift and 1t 1s still in use today. For many years Howell, Brighton and Hamburg were all served by the same vicar. From 1900-1917t her~ was no organized program here, just a very rare service by a visiting priest. . . In 1917 St. John 's was rekindled and a full time vicar was hired. Then in 1923-1924th e men of the mission built a rectory on Sibley Street, a parish hall on Walnut, and added a sanctuary to the church. In 1926 a new man, Donald Veal, was assigned here and that fall his ordination took place . This is the only time such a service has occurred at St. John's . The Reverend Veal was instrumental in getting St.John's to sponsor Boy Scout T~oop No. 1 in Howell. He also instituted the first Good Friday Service in Howell that was open to all denominations . In 1956 the congregation bought 4½ acres on Tompk!ns Street adjacent to McPherson Hospital as a future bmldmg site . In consideration of the steady progress being made , the annual meeting in January, 1959r esolved to become a parish . This was accomplished on November 23, 1959 after 102 years as a mission! The first vestry elected was as follows: Dr . Robert Wadlund, Senior Warden , Dr. E.A. Ross, Alfred Hall, Louis Martin Charles Badura, Richard Ballou, John Beatty , Hugh Green, 1John Hagman, John O'Lone, William Scofield, Stanley Wilson and Harry L. Williams , Honorary Member . The first rector was The Reverend Richard W. Ingalls. In 1961 the present rectory at 420 Caledonia was bought. 1964 saw the complete renovation of the church. This even included the building of a choir loft-balcony and installation of a free standing altar. However , by the start of the next decade it was obvious that there was no longer adequate room for the Sunday School. After much planning under the direction of John Johnides, Senior Warden, ground was broken on the Tompkins Street site . Because of fine volunteer efforts on the part of the congregation , construction costs were approximately $120,000. The first service was held in the new church on March 19th, 1972. Today the parish members 125 households and a total of 375 baptized members . The present rector is The Reverend David Sprunk. • I ~t ti 1it1. • --;11 -f I ~t -,. ri,..!U~ ~' ~"I ---·'·I·- = . - - __ , - -Y ~ r-·.,..::-. EMMANUEL EVANGELICAL UNITED BRETHERN About 1875, Rev. F. Schweitzer came to Howell as the first Evangelical minister to visit the city . The first services were held in private homes . Later the services were held in a hall over the fire station. The Howell congregation was duly organized July 28, 1881, as the Emmanuel Church of the Evangelical Association. In the beginning , all services were held in the German language and for the first year after the class organized , services were held only once in two weeks. For several years , Howell was part of a circuit, being served with other churches . The first trustees of the church were Henry Weimeister, Sr., George Hornung, and Carl Eke!. In the year of 1882, under the supervision of the trustees together with Rev. W.F. Zander , the preacher-in-charge, and Rev. J.M. Fuchs, presiding elder , the first church was built at a cost of $2,000. A parsonage and barn were also built at a cost of $700 and $100 respectively . The church structure was remodeled in 1906u nder the supervision of Rev. O.C. Penticoff , pastor , and Rev. F . Klump , presiding elder . A cement block structure was erected in the place of the frame structure originally built. The Howell mission in the earlier years was composed of the appointments Howell, Cohoctah, Conway, Byron, and Webberville . The preaching services from 1881 to 1893 were in the German language exclusively. Rev. C. Krueger first began to preach in the English language once every fourth Sunday for a period of 3 months. In 1893 it was decided to hold services regularly in English. In 1895, during the pastorate of Rev. S. Staebler, the German language was abandoned , and all services after that were conducted in English . The minutes of the society were first written and read in English in 1896. In the early 1940's, new chancel furniture was installed in the sanctuary and a few years later a new oak floor was laid. In 1961 a new parsonage was erected . In June of 1968 the Evangelical United Brethern Church merged with the Methodist Church to form the United Methodist Church, and here in Howell the two churches joined January 5, 1969. The E.U .B. Church was then sold to the Nazarene Church . A Woman's Missionary Society was organized with the help of Mrs. P .H. Pohly . There was also a Ladies Aid Society that helped, especially the needy people in town. The Young People 's Alliance, known as the U.P.A . met Sunday evenings before the regular church service, and the Junior Alliance children met Sunday afternoons. Of course, there were Sunday School Classes for all ages , generally meeting after the morning church service . TWO HOWELL CHURCHES UNITEAn important event in Howell church history occured on January 1st, 1969 when the Evangelical United Brethren and the Walnut Street United Methodists officially became one congregation. This followed a Denominational Merger and was accomplished locally with good will and understanding by both parishes . Pastors at the time were Rev . Mark Matter and Rev. Allan G. Gray . Rev. Gray continued to serve a total of twelve years in Howell. These two groups were formed many years ago. The Evangelical fore-runner of the EUB church served many German speaking settlers and the Methodist circuit riders came to every cross-road including Howell in the 1830 period . Both served their separate flocks long and well. The new congregation voted to be known as The First United Methodist Church in Howell and has built a fine new church structure on Bower Street on land once a part of the first Howell airport. Ground breaking was on Oct. 26, 1969, cornerstone ceremony June 22, 1969, and the first service held Dec. 14, 1969. On Feb . 8, 1970 a dedication service with Michigan Bishop Dwight E . Loder of the United Methodist Church as principal speaker . Both former church homes have been razed . The cement block EUB church stood at McCarthy and Crane streets being built in 1906. The red brick Methodist building stood at the corner of Sibley and Walnut from 1890 and it replaced a frame church built in 1855. At the time of merger one of the joint meetings was held during a heavy spring thunderstorm . Pails were placed about the meeting room to catch water and as the other church building was also in a sad state of repair the storm seemed to emphasize the need for change and a call for united action to face the future . In 1969 the congregation moved to their new church at 1230 Bower Street. The people of the church showed the pride of their heritage in many ways. The brick church sign in front of the church contains the cornerstones from the Walnut Street Methodist Church and the Emmanual Evangelical United Brethern Church. In the Memorial Chapel the pulpit, organ , pulpit chairs, and baptismal font came from the chancel of the former EUB Church ; while the panelling , altar , lectern , altar rail and carpeting came from the former Methodist Church . As the furnishings of the chapel have blended together with beautiful harmony , so have two congregations joined together in the worship of God. Together as one congregation we grow stronger in numbers and in faith . WALNUT STREET METHODIST CHURCH The Methodist Church here in Howell had its beginnings as a result of the efforts of a young man by the name of Alvin L. Crittenden. What follows is an address presented by Mr. Crittenden to the old County Pioneers Society many years later : " In the month of April, 1836, I learned there was to be Methodist preaching at Ore Creek , not Brighton . I left my home at Mr. Sage 's, half a mile west of the village of Howell, and walked to Ore Creek where I listened to Rev . Mr. Bibbins. He gave notice at the close of the service that Rev. 297 Elijah Crane, then traveling Plymouth circuit, would hold a two-day meeting there in four weeks. After service I walked back to my home. At the appointed time I walked again to what is now Brighton to attend the two-day meeting . There I formed the acquaintance of Rev. Elijah Crane and Rev. John Cosart, a local preacher of the Methodist Church. While attending the meeting at Brighton arrangements were made for Rev . Mr. Cosart to come to Howell and preach and form a Methodist class, and send a report to Rev . Elijah Crane who would represent our wants at the ensuing Methodist conference and, if possible, secure for us regular preaching . By some mistake the notice was given one week too soon. We assepibled but no preacher came . A prayer meeting was held and at its close it was thought by the Methodists present that although we were disappointed in not having a preacher with us, we would not be disappointed in regard to having a class formed . Accordingly we organized a business meeting for that purpose by electing Pardon Barnard chairman and A.L. Crittenden secretary. Those who had letters from the Methodist Episcopal church passed them in and they were read . A.L. Crittenden was elected class leader . Thus I had the honor to be the first official member of any religious organization ever formed in Howell. A regular class book could not be obtained so I did the next best thing that could be done under the circumstances. I took a sheet of paper and doubled it together and recorded the names of the members thereon . The next Sabbath Rev . John Cosart preached in Howell, which was the third sermon preached in Howell, the first by a Methodist minister . He acknowledged our proceedings to be right and sent on the report of our society as agreed upon. In the fall of 1836, Washington Jackson was sent to Livingston County as a missionary from the Ohio Conference of the Methodist. The names as they appear on the original class book when the class was formed are : Alvin L. Crittenden , Pardon Barnard, Eliza Ann Barnard, Peter Brewer , Dorcas Brewer, Sylvester Rounds, Polly Rounds, Asabel Rounds, Mary Sage and Nathaniel Johnson. Soon after and before the traveling preacher arrived, there were received by letter : Clarissa Johnson, Asabel Dibble, Abigal Dibble and Abigal Smith . No date appears upon the book except 1836, until Washington Johnson arrived upon the m ission, but I think the class was formed in June of that year . The first date upon the book is September 4, 1836." Livingston County was organized as a circuit and Milford was soon after added . The first quarterly meeting of the Livingston Mission was held in the home of Stephen Lee, on December 31, 1836. The records of this meeting show the following names: Rev. Wm. Hurr , presiding elder ; Rev. Washington Jackson , preacher in charge ; John Cosart, local elder. The third quarterly meeting of the circuit was the first held in Howell. It was held in the village schoolhouse, a one room building, as his list of appointments, with his assistant 298 pastor ; Howell, Pinckney , Unadilla, Love's , Wright's, Munsell's , Handy , Fleming , Oceola, Hamburg and Clayton's. From an address by Brother Warren here in 1888, allow me to make a liberal quotation: "My appointment to the old Livingston Circuit was in 1847. My colleague was Rev. M.W. Stambaugh. We began our preaching services in a little old schoolhouse a short distance from where this church now stands . After a few weeks our meeting s were transferred to the then new court-house where they were continued until the close of my pastorate at the close of my second year. "At the fall conference of 1848 I was reappointed to the Livingston Circuit with Rev . Noah Fassett as junior preacher . Having made Pinckney our home the greater part of the first year, my wife and I moved to Howell, occupying the then unfinished parsonage as occupied by Brother Wakelin when he was pastor here . It stood a couple of blocks south of this spot, in what was then an open common without enclosure and richly fringed with native underbrush . In this dwelling, with parlor and chambers unplastered , we passed a comparatively comfortable year. Being new hands at housekeeping we needed but little and had less , but the people were kind." Just twenty years after his first appointment to Livingston Circuit, Brother Warren was again appointed to Howell. His description of the changes during that period and the general prosperity is interesting but must be passed for want of time . The old church had been built and the pastor preached here every Sunday morning and evening . He also went to the Marion Center each Sunday afternoon . Rev. Fassett was his assistant pastor for this second pastorate . At the close of the pastorate of Rev . Warren and Rev. Fassett there were 256 members on the whole circuit and 39 probationers . Brother Warren received $176 for salary that year and Brother Fassett $88. Soon after moving into the Court-house, as a result of the efforts of Mrs. Ernaline Steels, the Sunday School was organized . Its existence however was not as prosperous as one might be desired until it was merged into the Union Sunday School upon its organization in 1853. Early in the fifties the society began to urge the necessity of building a church . This agitation culminated in April 1852. The deed is dated the fifth of that month . The property was described as lots 15 and 18 of the plot of the village of Howell. The church was completed and dedicated in March , 1855, at a cost of about $1,500. The name of the charge was changed in 1852, from Livingston Circuit to Howell. Unadilla was organized into a circuit at that time and Pinckney the following year. From 1849t o 1873t he Methodist church of Howell gradually gained in members and influence, enjoying times of special revival effort but for the most part , just a gradual substantial growth. During the 1870's an alcove to the rear of the church , for use of the choir and pulpit, and some other additions were made , at a total cost of $4,500. The rededication was conducted by Dr. Jocelyn , then president of Albion College. At that time it was discovered that the church had never been organized under the statute for such organizations . After considerable discussion the organization was perfected under the charter name of the Walnut Street Methodist Episcopal Church of Howell, Michigan. The papers are dated January 20, 1873 and so recorded at the county clerk 's office. During the 1880's the old parsonage was sold and a new one built adjoining the church, at a cost of nearly $17,000. During the 1920's an L was built around two sides of the church . The new pipe organ was purchased. Much of the more than $30,000 of cost was raised and paid and all were glad the great work was undertaken. In the late 1940's and early 50's, the church was especially active in repairing , redecorating, and improving the church property . The church ceiling was insulated , and Sunday School rooms on the south side were provided with storm windows and screens. The Bulletin Board was relettered to read "Walnut Street Methodist Church." Venetian Blinds were hung at the windows of the auditorium, a center aisle was placed in the church , Memorial Chimes were purchased for the church, and were played each Sunday morning before the church service. A Memorial Plaque, listing the names of Methodist boys in the service was hung in the auditorium. A new chancel for the church was authorized, and many church members gave heavily to this project in memory of loved ones. Lights were installed in memory of the faithful work done by Leilah Peirce as choir director , and Choir Room was partitioned to make room for a Pastor's Study . During this period the Junior Choir was organized under the direction of Mrs . Zoe Earl , Christmas Boxes were sent to all members of the armed forces connected with our church, a Boy Scout Troop was sponsored by the church, and a Director of Demobilization appointed to take care of our boys returning from the war. In 1970 the Walnut Street Methodist Church was razed . Even though it was a sad event the congregation had moved to their new church on Bower Street, taking with them the heritage of Walnut Street Methodist Church and were looking forward to a bright future . Groups with the First United Methodist Church : Chancel Choir, Junior Chorister's, Son Shine Choir. United Methodist Women: Dorcas Circle, Priscilla Circle, Ruth Circle, Mary-Martha Circle, Young Women's Circle, Matilda Pohly Circle . United Methodist Men : United Methodist Youth Fellowship, United Methodist Junior High Fellowship, Sunday School Classes for all ages , Philathea , Class 9, Boy Scout Troop No. 364. Couples Club: Hummer's (Camping Club). Contributors : Evelyn Thomas , Alma Young, Maurice Coles, Zoe Earl, Georganna Herrington. Typists: Marie Chubb, Karen Smith. Book Sources: Watson and Spafford , History of Michigan , Conference of the E.U.B . Church, 3, Vol. 1942, 1961, 1968. History of Livingston County, Michigan, 1880. FIRST CHURCH OF CHRIST. SCIENTIST During the early 1890's, a small group of people interested in Christian Science, met at their various homes to read and study the " Bible" and "Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures " by Mary Baker Eddy, the discoverer and Founder of Christian Science. Fiye members of this group-Mrs . Mary G. Walters, Mrs . Nellie G. Kellog, Mr. Owen W. Kellog, P . L. Merethew , and Mrs . Frances Curdy were appointed as a committee on August 7, 1895 to draft the articles of association . Of much help to the society in its early efforts , were Mrs. Annie Knott, then a practitioner and teacher of Christian Science in Detroit, and Miss Clark of Toledo. Both were students of Mrs . Eddy. Meetings and services were held in a hired hall over the corner drug store, until too many of the members had moved away. The remaining Christian Scientists continued to study in their own homes and attend services in other cities. The present organization was formed as a Christian Science Society on March 16, 1916 when new By-Laws were adopted. Members of this group included Mrs . Ruby E. Howe, Miss Elnora B. Howe, Mrs. Wealthy A. Browning, Miss Clare Weiand, Mrs. Mattie H. Hamilton , E . D. Parker and Mrs. Blanche Parker . Also Mrs . Daisy S. Line, Mrs. Thelma Hamilton Hutton, Mrs. Dorothy Hamilton Dodge, Mrs. Eva Weiand, Mrs. Mary Rice Lewis, Mrs . Carrie B. Pell, and Mrs. Robert R. Smith . The Society first met in private homes , then in rooms in the Addison Balch Building, then in the Schroeder Building and later rented space in the William Farnsworth block where the Society continued to meet until purchasing a lot and building at 646 W. Grand River on May 27, 1938. Incorporated on January 22, 1940, the Society became "First Church of Christ, Scientist " of Howell in 1947. Feeling the need for a more suitable structure, in 1972, the church purchased, for cash, the former St. John 's Episcopal Church at 114 South Walnut Street and the Parish Hall at 120. S. Walnut Street. The structure at 120 S. Walnut presently houses the Christian Science Reading Room which is open to the public daily , except Sunday from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. (with the entrance on Sibley Street ). The Sunday School is also located in this building with an entrance on Walnut Street. The public is invited to attend church services and to use the Reading Room where books and authorized literature about Christian Science may be read , borrowed or purchased . The church holds at least one Free Lecture on Christian Science each year. This church is a branch of The Mother Church, The First Church of Christ, Scientist in Boston, Massachusetts. This church was established by Mary Baker Eddy , who ordained the "Bible" and "Science and Health with Kay to the Scriptures " as the impersonal pastor of her church. Sunday Services , held at 10:30 a.m. are conducted by Jennifer Hill, serving as First Reader with Scott Ten Eyck serving as Second Reader . The Readers of this church are elected by the members from the membership and serve for a term of three years . Students of Christian Science study, daily, the weekly Bible Lesson Sermon from the Christian Science Quarterly which is read by the First and Second Readers on Sunday. Testimonial meetings are held each Wednesday evening at 8 p.m . 299 FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH Howell was just a struggling village when the initial meeting for the organization of the First Baptist Church was held April 13, 1838 in the village schoolhouse with ten persons present. This organizational meeting took place some two years after the first religious service conducted by a Baptist minister was held in the newly settled community. Rev. Thomas Baker became the first pastor of the church. All the charter members of the church brought letters from Baptist churches in the east, among whom were families by the name of Austin and Sage. Another prominent member of the early church was the grandfather of the former Judge Willis Lyons. In 1846i t was voted to build a house of worship. This 32 by 44 foot structure was completed in 1850. In the front of the building was a platform with steps at either end leading up to 300 the two doors entering into the aisles of the church which allowed for separate entrances by the men and women. Early history records reveal that a lawsuit arose between two members of the church , the one accusing the other of driving off his cow and hiding it. The accusor, because of manifesting an unyielding and self-justifying attitude, was withdrawn from the fellowship of the church. Other instances of early church discipline are also recorded . In 1874 a new church building at the cost of nearly $12,000 was dedicated . Many of the materials used were from a Congregational Church torn down just one block north of the Baptist Church . By 1955 another new building was begun as the 1874s tructure was being overcome by termites . This is the present brick building which stands on Church Street. The First Baptist Church has stood on this same corner at Church and State Streets since the original meeting house was completed in 1850. During the period of 1838 to 1930 the Baptist congregation knew the leadership of some twenty-eight different ministers. In the succeeding forty-five years, the pastoral leadership has been provided by only three ministers-The Rev . Ralph Karney (1930-1948 ), the Rev . Merle R. Meeden (1948-1966 ) and the present pastor , the Rev . Donald E. Williams who began his work in April 1967. In June 1968 the church called their first tull-time Director of Christian Education , Miss Sharon K. Stroops . Since 1956t he morning worship service has been broadcast live over the local Howell radio station . The ministry of the church reaches beyond this community into the state , nation , and world through its association for mission with the American Baptist Churches of Michigan and the American Baptist Churches , U.S.A. HOUSE OF PRAYER A dedication service for the House of Prayer , 2309 Eager Road , was held Sunday , December 3, 1970 at 4 p.m. The regular Sunday School service was held at 10 a .m. and the church service at 11 a .m. The House of Prayer is a non-denominational church . Its pastor if the Rev. Henry Stamper , Jr. of Howell. Rev . Stamper classified his church as a full gospel church, stressing freedom of worship . The Stampers had been holding services in the basement of their home since June , 1968. They began with two families and grew to over 60 people. These services began as Friday night prayer meetings. The new church is located one mile north of M-59 on Eager Road , between Brophy and Bigelow Roads . The new church building was begun Aug. 1. SAINT JOHN CATHOLIC CHURCH After nearly sevenscore years of history Saint John Catholic Mission became an independent parish October 14, 1974. The mission was founded February 23, 1843 when Father Patrick O'Kelley was appointed to serve the area . Prior to this, Mass was celebrated since 1838 in various homes by Father Morrissey of Ann Arbor once every three or four months . Father O'Kelley resided in Brighton and held services at private homes. He traveled on foot for many years to Oceola, Deerfield, and Bunker Hill. When the people decided to build a church , they could not decide on the location so a map was drawn showing where each family lived. Michael Bergin walked to Detroit and presented the map to the Bishop, who after much deliberation marked the spot where the church stands today. On Januar y 20, 1944 the Most Reverend Peter Paul LeFevre purchased the two acres for $50.00 from Michael McGuire . Since the first church is said to have been log, the building has gone through several changes . When the congregation grew to necessitate an addition , a frame structure was added to the log church . Later the log was removed and the west end of the present building was built of brick in 1868. In 1873 the frame portion of the church was moved across the road and used for services while William Pipp of Brighton completed the present building at the cost of $3,890.00. During the period of 1877-1886 there were 90 registered familie s at Saint John. The mission in Iosco had 14 families , White Oak had 20, and Fowlerville had 14 families, Brighton registry listed 70 families, while Howell listed 38 families . Today there are four hundred families at Saint John. It wasn 't until the period of 1912-1920t hat Mass was celebrated every Sunday at Saint John Church. On June 23, 1968, the Most Reverend Alexander Zaleski, Bishop of Lansing , celebrated a special Mass in commemoration of the centennial year of the west portion of the church building . A public reception was held for Father Allen J . Theis, the first resident pastor of Saint John Catholic Church on Saturda y, November 9, 1974, at the Hartland High School Commons located on M-59 just west of US-23. The Holy Mass was concelebrated by Father Theis and Father Roger Smith at 6:30 p.m . followed by a reception which included refreshments . HARDY UNITED METHODIST CHURCH The Hardy Methodist Church had its beginning when a class of eight members was formed , following a series of meetings held at the Browning School in May, 1840. This was the first Methodist Episcopal group in the community . Two other religious groups , one which held services at the Rumsey School and still another which held services in a small log building on the Ephraim Hardy farm, participated in the erection of this building . A need for a church building was uppermost in the minds of these people and the result was a meeting held in February , 1870. At this meeting it was agreed to organize and build a church . Ephraim and Rebecca Hard y gave the land on which the church was erected . Work began , and on the 10th of Jul y, 1870 it was dedicated and was free of debt. The church was placed on the Hartland Charge . Trustees of the church at this time was John G. Horton (chairman ), Ebenezer Kellogg, Joseph Briggs, and John Kirk . Elder John G. Horton preached the first sermon , his topic was from Jonah 1:6 " What Meanest Thou Oh Sleeper ." Through the years we celebrated the 60th, 75th, 80th and 100th anniversaries. I1 !anuary , 1931, electric lights were added to the sanctuar y: In 1946 the church was moved south from the original location because of the widening of the highway . The dedication of the fellowship room took place Januar y 2, 1949. One of the more important events of the Hard y Church took place June 15, 1955. At this time the people of Hard y voted to become a separate charge , thus requiring the building of a parsonage. This was made possible by a gift of land from Mabel Shuart. The building was completed and dedicated January 24, 1960. In 1965o ther additions were made such as narthex , garage and extensive remodeling of the sanctuar y also took place at this time . Due to the growth of the church we felt the need of an educational unit which was dedicated in 1973. Two yearl y events which add to the spiritual life of our church are the Easter Sunrise Service and the Live Nativity Scene at Christmas. Our present organizations are: United Methodist Church School, United Methodist Women, United Methodist Men, United Methodist Youth Fellowship . During the past two years our church has shown stead y growth under the guidance of our pastor , Rev . Benjamin Bohnsack. Mrs. J . B. Cook, Mrs. Boyden Kimberl y and Mrs . Burton Spalding Historical Committee of Hardy United Methodist Church GRACE LUTHERAN CHURCH Although the history of Lutheranism in Livingston County dates back to the establishment of St. George Evangelical Church ( now of Brighton ) in 1845, that of the Lutheran church in Howell is of comparatively recent date . Some German services were held in Howell by pastors of the St. George Church during the latter part of the 1800's, but organization was never affected due to transportation difficulties and the language question . In 1918-1919t he work was revived by Reverend R. J . Graetz of St. George Church, who did preliminary work toward establishing a Lutheran Church in Howell. The first service was held over the old Schnackenberg Funeral Home on August 17, 1919. Pastor Graetz was assisted by Rev . J . B. Sause and Rev . 0 . Heinzelman . A meeting was convened after the service and the first officers were elected . At a second meeting, the name of Grace Evangelical Lutheran Church was chosen for the newly formed congregation , and on March 7, 1920, a constitution was adopted, completing the organization of the church. The charter members were : Mr. and Mrs . Rudolph Bremer , Mr. and Mrs . Ralph Bremer , Mrs. Mina Cooper, Mr. and Mrs . Henry Gerkin , Sr., Mrs . Henry Herbst, Mr. and Mrs . John Grostick , Mr. and Mrs . H. J . Larson , Mr. and Mrs. Ferdinand Lawrenz , Mrs. Harry 301 Pettibone, Mr. and Mrs. Henry Veith, Arthur Veith, Vernon Veith, Mrs. Robert Wilkinson, Mr. and Mrs. Albert Wruck, Agnes Wruck, Carl Wruck, Mrs. John Redinger, Mrs. Howard Hunter and Mrs. Edward Maas. The original officers of the church were: Elders: Albert Wruck and Otto Wruck, Deacons: Ferdinand Lawrenz and Ralph Bremer, Trustees : Rudolph Bremer , Henry Veith and John Grostick , Treasurer , H. J . Larson, Secretary : Ralph Bremer. Grace Church was at first served alternately by the pastors of Brighton and Fowlerville, Pastors Graetz and Sause, from 1919 to 1921. Then Pastor H. W. Swinehart of Brighton in June , 1920 and Pastor C. G. Althoff of Fowlerville in February , 1921a ssumed duties as associate pastors of Grace Church. However, since this arrangement proved unsatisfactory, in September , 1921, Rev. Swinehart of St. George, Brighton , was called by vote of the congregation to serve as pastor. By this action, Grace Lutheran Church was merged with the St. George Church as one parish . Pastor Swinehart served the combined parish of Brighton and Howell until 1924. He was succeeded by Rev. Lawrence S. Price . From 1920 the Grace congregation had been renting the Episcopal Church for services. However it was felt that a permanent church home was a definite necessity and a real estate committee was appointed to obtain a suitable lot for the church building . At first a lot in the eastern part of the city was selected, but ultimately a lot on North Michigan , being near the center of the city, was purchased. On May 10, 1927, the ground was broken for the new church . Much of the work in building the structure was done by the members of the church , and on Sunday, July 31, 1927, the church was dedicated to the glory of God. In 1929, Pastor Price followed a call to Dayton, Ohio and was succeeded by Rev . E . F . Klingensmith. Pastor Klingensmith served until July 14, 1935 at which time Grace Lutheran Church became an independent congregation, severing its connections with St. George Evangelical Church of Brighton. Rev. Luther A. Sherer was installed on July 14, 1935, as the first full-time pastor of the church . Since 1939 the following pastors have served the church on North Michigan Avenue: Rev . Marcus C. Mueller, Rev. 0 . A. Bertram , Re . Be. E . Petrick , Rev . J . W. Althaus, Rev . Earl C. Willer and Rev. Robert L. Herbon. It was during the pastorate of Pastor Willer, that due to steady growth , it was decided to build a parish house. This was done by the men of the church and was dedicated in 1949. Another building program was carried out on the church on North Michigan Avenue in 1954, when the church and parish house were connected with an enclosure. By 1955 the congregation 's size made it necessary to consider another expansion program of some type. At a congregational meeting on June 12, 1956, the congregation decided to begin investigation of the possibility of building an entirely new church on a different location. In keeping with this plan the congregation purchased 4½ acres of property in the northwest section of Howell. Members of the church council at the planning stage in 1956 were: Pastor Robert L. Herbon, Donald Fournier, William Belz, Ralph Benson, William Brandt , Richard Frank, Harry Hasenbusch, Sidney Lyons, Angelo Paoli, Robert Smith and Wilbert White. On March 25, 1957, the church on North Michigan was sold to the Salvation Army and plans for the building of the new church were purchased . The contracting for erecting the new church was let to J . W. Dilloway of Brighton on March 3, 1958. Groundbreaking for the new church took place on March 23, 1958 and the cornerstone was laid in June , 1958. The congregation, during the time their new church was being built, worshipped in the all-purpose room of the Southwest School. 302 On January 11, 1959, the Pastor , Rev . Robert L. Herbon , had the joy of leading the congregation in a service of dedication of the new church . Pastor Herbon stayed with Grace and growth continued, but in 1961 he accepted a call to Truth Ev . Lutheran Church of Detroit. Following Pastor Herbon, Pastor P . Fred Houston accepted a call to Grace Church in April, 1962. Shortly after his arrival, building of a new parsonage was begun on property close to the church . Pastor Houston received a call from American Lutheran Church in Grundy Center , Iowa and is serving that congregation since January, 1969. Pastor Ronald J. Gross accepted the call from Grace Church and started his ministry in Howell on February 26, 1969. In January , 1973 the congregation voted to extend a call to Pastor Oscar H. Kraft , to serve as co-pastor . On March 11, 1973 Pastor Kraft was installed and served in this capacity until the resignation of Pastor Gross in November, 1973. Pastor Kraft accepted the full time pastorate of Grace congregation in January , 1974. In his first year at Grace , Pastor Kraft worked from April to September, most of the time at the newly introduced Leisure and Recreation program. This program has been continued in 1974 and 1975 during the summer months by Bob and Barb Brugler . Today the members of Grace Lutheran Church find Christian nurture and fellowship through weekly worship , Sunday morning education offerings for the entire family, confirmation activities , womens bible study , teen club, and a choir. The choir is under the direction of J. Gordon Small . James Wirick is the organist. Mission service to the community finds expression through the congregation's chaplaincy work at the County Jail , monthly fellowship experiences with people at Hillcrest, and periodic worship services at Greenbriar Convalescent Home . The congregation also hosts the Senior Citizen Center in what used to be its parsonage . The present council members are: Charles Cobb, Dick Albrecht , George Bessert , Edward Bouvier, Carol Chandler, Pat Hirvela, William Johnson, JoAnn Merians , Elsie Schelke, James Walser, Michael Weller, Lynn Zimmerman , Pastor Oscar Kraft. PRINCE OF PEACE LUTHERAN CHURCH Prince of Peace Evangelical Lutheran Church of Howell had its beginnings late in the fall of 1968 when several families in the Howell area saw a need for an Evangelical Lutheran Church which would recognize the Bible as the inspired and infallible Word of God. These families met with the Reverend Arthur Clement, pastor of the Memorial Lutheran Church in Williamston, to see what would be required to found such a Christian congregation. The result was that trial worship services were begun on December 15, 1968, to see if there was sufficient interest in the community actually to begin a new church. Soon it became evident that many desired to see this new congregation become a living and permanent voice for Jesus Christ in Livingston County. The beautiful name " Prince of Peace" was selected, reflecting the spirit of Christmas , the time at which the first services were held, and also reflecting the sure confidence that it is only from Jesus Christ that a person receives peace in this life and in eternity. The name reminds the congregation that true Christian love and peace is to reign among all the members of this Christian family . As more and more people began attending these Sunday services in the gymnasium of Howell's Northwest School, it was decided to petition the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod that this new congregation be admitted to that body, the largest confessing, conservative Lutheran Synod in the United States. And in May of 1969, the Wisconsin Synod did name Prince of Peace as the mission of that body in Howell. In June, a beautiful church site with many tall trees , rolling land, and a flowing stream was purchased. During the first months of this young church 's life, various neighboring pastors and theological students conducted the Sunday services, depending on who was available . Hence, the congregation members truly rejoined before the Lord when the Reverend Richard E. Warnke was installed as the first permanent pastor on July 13, 1969. November 23, 1969, marked the formal birth day of Prince of Peace Lutheran Church as thirty-four adults signed the charter. Most of those charter members are still active in the congregation as our nation celebrates its Bicentennial. Within months after the church 's founding, a Building Committee was organized and careful planning for a permanent house of worship was begun. The congregation desired a building which would be large enough to service a growing congregation; attractive , with clean , contemporary lines but not so " ultra-modern " as to be distracting from worship; of rich materials fitting for God's house ; and yet economical enough to be within the financial capabilities of the young congregation. While planning for the new chapel continued, a school millage increase failed to meet with voter approval, closing the Howell schools to all on weekends. So, services could not continue in the Northwest School. But when the young congregation lost the worship facilities which had served adequately for well over a year, the Lord provided a superb replacement with the excellent facilities of the Howell Recreation Center. Eventually , a chapel design meeting the demanding criteria of the congregation was developed. Ground was broken for the new chapel on April 9, 1972, at the church site at 2515 West Grand River, just west of the city of Howell. The congregation served as its own contractor during construction thereby reducing the cost of the chapel about $25,000f rom what it would have cost if built by conventional means . Many willing hands volunteering many hours of work also helped to keep the cost low. By Thanksgiving Day of 1972, construction had progressed to the point that services could be held in the new building. And on January 14, 1973, hundreds of members and friends of the still-young congregation gathered to dedicate the new chapel to the glory and service of the Triune God. Today, Prince of Peace Evangelical Lutheran Church of Howell continues its mission of proclaiming the Word of God and administering the Sacraments in their truth and parity , of using Word and Sacrament to bring young and old to the knowledge of their salvation through faith in Jesus Christ, and of using Word and Sacrament to sustain and strengthen the faith of those who have already come to know Jesus as their personal Savior from sin. The congregation looks forward to continuing this mission under God as our nation enters the third century of its great history and as Livingston County continues to be the growing, friendly, beautiful , natural park of southeastern Michigan . WRIGHTS CORNERS CHURCH OF GOD Wright Corner's Church of God Worship Services have been held for well over 100 years by various groups in the former Harger Country School, 3940 Pinckney Road at Coon Lake Road . The present congregation started in the school by Rev . and Mrs. Charles Dietrick , but still saw the congregation outgrow the school building . A church building was erected by the congregation on a site north of the school that was donated by John Holloway, and moved into in 1942. Rev . Dietrick became the pastor of the Cadillac Church of God in 1944, and passed away while still there in 1950. Mrs. is now married to Rev. Ora Halley and they reside in Cadillac. The church was pastored by a young couple, Rev . and Mrs. Doyle Helbling until 1946. Rev . Alan Hancock was pastor from 1946 through 1971. During this time the parsonage was built and a new sanctuary and fellowship hall was added to the church building . Then Rev . Richard Latham was called as pastor from 1971 through 1974. Rev. Timothy Andreanopoulos is the present pastor. The church is proud of its growth at a time when many rural churches are closing their doors. The building of this house of worship has been with the aim to take care of the present and future needs of the people of this community , and even those who would stop on their way, by providing facilities adequate to meet the spiritual, educational, social, and recreational phases of life in such a way that the " more abundant life," that Jesus spoke of, is a reality. We seek not to glorify material facilities, nor idealize creed or ceremony. The church is more than these: it is the company of redeemed ones, washed in the blood of the lamb . THE SALVATION ARMY The Salvation Army came to Howell, Michigan in November of 1892, with Captain Read being in charge. Howell was dropped from the disposition of forces in February of 1902, and re-opened on January 18, 1920, by Envoy and Mrs. Frank Gardner. Many officers have been stationed there, with the turn-over very large. These officers included such persons as: Captain Lloyd Robb; Lieutenant John Grindle ; Captain Rudi Wit- 303 trock; Lieutenant Edward Deratany; and Captain William Roberts, among others. In 1951, when Captain Russell Pedersen was the commanding officer, it became an outpost of Ann Arbor, Michigan. For the next eleven years there were no officers stationed there, and it was run mostly by the active and interested soldiers. In May of 1962, Supply and Mrs. Fred Ruston became the commanding officers . Following them in June of 1963, were Supply and Mrs. Harold Shelby, to be replaced in September of the same year, by Supply and Mrs. Howard Guetschow . In the fall of 1965, at the time they entered the Salvation Army School for officers training , they were replaced by Lieutenant Jesse F . Knight. The Salvation Army has made many moves since opening in Howell. They have been located on East Grand River, East Clinton, North Michigan and now own a building at 221 North Michigan. In 1968,H owell was changed from an outpost of Ann Arbor, to a self-sustaining corps by Captain Jesse F . Knight. The Salvation Army operates with an advisory board which is comprised of local business and professional men and women and participates in the Howell, Brighton and Hamburg United Funds of Livingston County. Since 1968, there have been many programs available to the public as well as to the members of the Salvation which are: Ladies Home League, Girl Guards, Sunbeams, Scouts, Church Services Morning and Evening on Sundays, Camping, Welfare for Those Deserving of Help on Emergency Basis , Leadership Training Program for Young People, Christmas, Marriages and Funerals, After School Program for Youth, Counseling and Aid to Unwed Mothers . TYNDALL MEMORIAL CHURCH OF THE NAZARENE On July 4, 1930, a tent meeting was held in the four hundred block of North Michigan Avenue, Howell, Michigan . Rev. C. E . Ling moved from Highland to Howell, organizing the Church of the Nazarene. The basement church was built during Rev. Ling's ministry with twenty charter members joining . In 1933, Rev. Ling moved to another pastorate. Rev. Warren W. Clay came to Howell and served as pastor for thirteen years, constructing the sanctuary over the basement in 1942. The church was named Tyndall Memorial Church of the Nazarene after a prominent layman, Myron L. Tyndall. The present church sanctuary was built adjacent to the previous structure and dedicated in October, 1968. In 1973 an Educational Unit was added to the sanctuary. There have been six pastors serving the Tyndall Memorial Church of the Nazarene from Rev . W.W. Clay to the present pastor , Rev . Ronald Ketchum . Rev . Ketchum came to Howell in March, 1975. 304 Forty-five years from its beginning , the church has grown today to a membership of 321, with six of its charter members still living. Within the church is a growing church school department, a strong preaching ministry, an effective music program, well organized teen and children's groups , an outreach into the homes of the elderly, and a concerned missionary program . The Tyndall Memorial Church of the Nazarene has a wellrounded program for all ages. It teaches the full gospel of the Bible. It practices its motto--"God loves you and so do we." HOWELL COMMUNITY CHURCH Howell Community Church of Howell, Michigan , 198 Cornell Street , Howell, Michigan, 546-6619o r 546-7032, Non- Denominational. A member in the body whose head is the Lord Jesus Christ. Our first prayer meeting was in January , 1973. Attending were : Michael and Elizabeth Garvey , Herman and Leona Maupin, Charles and Mary Lou Mcconnaughey , Masis and Doreen Mardigian . Our first church meeting was on May 29, 1973 at 198 Cornell Street , Howell the present meeting place. Our first pastor was Rev . Michael Farrand. The Elders of the church are Herman Maupin , Michael Garvey, Masis Mardigian. The Deacons of the church are LeRoy Rogers , Charles McConnaughey, Don Swinney. Services: Sunday 10:00 a.m ., Bible Study; 11:00 a.m. Praise and Worship. Sunday , 7:00 p.m., Praise ; Wednesday , 7:30 p.m . Prayer. "Jesus is Lord. " CITY OF HOWELL CHRISTMAS DECORATIONS This story is about how our Christmas decorations that hang from the light poles in the uptown business district , Santa's igloo on the Courthouse lawn and Santa's sleigh all came into being. About 1965, somehow the idea came about to have a white elephant auction, sponsored by the Chamber of Commerce . The idea took a hold and by Chamber members picking up white elephants, most of the summer, and white elephants in October we had our white elephant auction. auction. These auctions took place from about 1965 to 1973 and at almost each one a clear profit of about $600 was raised. After each auction a trip was made to Bronners in Frankenmuth , Mich. by Chamber director Fred Catrell Chamber members Charlie Itsell and Robert Withey and City Manager Roy Trim , where the Christmas decorations were looked at, and selected and these decorations certainly dolled Howell up for the Christmas season . The first Presbyterian Church, after it was moved to Grand River. FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF HOWELL The very lovely Presbyterian Church, located on West Grand River Avenue, opposite the Howell Carnegie Library is the delightful result of two, very humble early smalle; churches. The first very modest one-no land mark remaining-was located on the south side of the Michigan Avenue Middle School, some place approximately between Washington and Sibley Streets . It was later, due to so much mud, moved to the west side of South Michigan Avenue, probably in the vicinity of the parish house of the Episcopal Church, or to the southeast corner of the old public square . I believe this to be the present location of Shippy's or Sutton's Store . Much of this was told me by Mrs . Bernard Glenn (Nellie) recently deceased , a life long resident of Livingston County and noted historian of Livingston County. The second church was located at the corner of Sibley and McCarthy Streets, and later used as a frozen food locker when it was sold and demolished, including the corner stone'. The demolishing of the corner stone, to me, is a real calamity . However, copies of the deeds and other papers are contained in the archives of the present church. The present church was built and completed in the year 1855 and is the third church. In the early 1830's every four weeks, an early, religious leader, Elder Post of Plymouth, would travel to what was then known as Livingston Center, to hold services. There were Indian trails widened for team travel and there were about a dozen homes built from Thompson Lake to West Grand. River Avenue. As there were no meeting places, the worshippers traveled to the large Thompson Home, on the bank of the " pond" as it was called . . It was at this time, decided , as the number of worshippers increased, to have a church . Often during the week between se~vices, it was rented out, to help defray expen~es. Deep faith and determination, formally organized the church . It is further recorded, that the Gay Store, located at the south side of Sibley Street, a little to the west of Center Street , across from the present Presbyterian parking lot, was the first store. It lay diagonally to the southwest corner of the old public square-Shippy's and Sutton 's. Mrs . Calvin Gatesman (Lillie) "Researcher " MEMORIES OF THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF HOWELL, MICHIGAN By NELLIE LANSING GLENN (orig inally written September 1970) Our family came to Howell in July, 1885; I was three years old. Mr. G. F . Waters was the pastor who had been installed in October, 1882. My only remembrance of him is when at a first stage appearance I was to speak a piece, the subject, " Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star, How I Wonder What You Are." At that point my memory failed me and as I paused-to my great surprise the kindly Mr. Waters prompted me and completed the verse. This occasion was probably a Children's Day. I remember an addition had been built out over the front pews and someone lifted me up from the floor so that I was above the audience . About that same time , the church musical leaders produced a cantata in the Howell Opera House in which with a number of other little girls I wore a pink tarltan dress bespangled with gold paper stars in one scene . In another scene with little Bertie Parsons, I was a buttercup in a yellow dress . I was supposed to stand quietly beside him while he spoke a piece-what the subject was I do not remember . But I felt _itn ecessary to add my bit-" Needles and pin, needles and pms-when a man marries his troubles begin.'' Needless to say I have no recollection of being asked to appear in any church affair for a good many years after that initial performance . My first remembrance of the old church one built in 1855 was of the sanctuary, a long high room, with a gallery at th; rear, reached by narrow stairs from the vestibule. The pulpit was in the center of a raised platform, reached from the left side by three steps . In 1885-6 the church had been enlarged from its original size by the addition at the rear of a choir bay, and excavation and furnishing of the basement. The choir occupied a raised place back of the pulpit with a railing separating it and the pump organ from the preacher . The new addition to the Presbyterian Church . 305 The Fashions of the 1900' s 306 307 The first photograph was taken in the village of Howell in 1858. Taken from the top of the old "Union" school looking north toward the main four corners . 310 ••1 - •• County Government By JOSEPH H. ELLIS, Livingston County Clerk ORGANIZATION OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY The Territory now Livingston County was a part of Shiawassee and Washtenaw Counties until March 21, 1833, when Governor George B. Porter approved an Act of Legislature to provide for the laying out of Livingston County. The county receives its name in honor of Edward Livingston , Secretary of State under President Jackson . The actual organization of the county was effected under an Act of Legislature approved March 24th, 1836, and the County Government Coordinator Joseph H. Ellis, Livingston County Clerk, 1962 to present; Past President, Michigan Association of County Clerks; former member of Livingston County Board of Supervisors ; Brighton Township Supervisor ; Brighton Township Trustee; Brighton District 8 School Director; Past Chairman, Board of Control Education Division of State Association of County Officials; Past President, Brighton Lions Club; Charter Member of VFW Post 4357, Brighton ; listed in Who's Who in Midwest America; member of S.A .R. (Sons of American Revolution); member of St. George Lutheran Church, Brighton; Chairman of the Executive Committee, Livingston County Republican Party . county was composed of the townships of Green Oak (which included Brighton Township ), Hamburg (which included Genoa ), Putnam (which included Marion ), Unadilla (which included Iosco), Howell (which included the present Oceola , Deerfield , Cohoctah , Conway, Handy and Tyrone townships ). Under the provisions of the Act organizing Livingston County , a special election for county officers was held on the first Monday in May, 1836, resulting in the election of the first county officials as follows : Sheriff , Justus J . Bennett ; County Clerk, F.J .B. Crane ; Register of Deeds, Ely Barnard ; Treasurer , Amos Adams ; Judge of Probate, Kingsley S. Bingham (who later became governor ); County Surveyor , Amos Adams ; Coronors , John W. Peavey and John Drake ; Associate Judges , Elisha W. Brockway and Elnathon Noble. The total number of votes cast at this election was 108. ORGANIZATION AND FIRST PROCEEDINGS OF THE LIVINGSTON COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS The first meeting of the Board of Supervisors was held at the home of Amos Adams in Howell, on the 4th day of October , 1836. Supervisors present were Kingsley S. Bingham of Green Oak Township , Christopher L. Culver of Hamburg Township , John Hudson of Putnam Township , Philester Jessup of Howell Township , and Eli Lee of Hartland Township. Eli Lee was chosen moderator and Ely Barnard , clerk. The following day Elnathan Noble of Unadilla Township arrived and took his seat and the Board proceeded to do the county business. The session continued until October 6th when the Board adjourned "sine die. " The first business at this session was the creation of a $3 bounty on wolves , which were 311 The first courthouse built in 1847 and used until just before the present courthouse was finished. Most of the bricks from this building were used in the new one . rampant in this area at the time , and the apportionment of taxes to the several townships. The first Probate Judge of Livingston County was the Hon. Kingsley S. Bingham. No business was done in the Probate Office during his incumbency. The first Probate Court in the county was held by his successor, the Hon. James W. Stansbury of Pinckney Village, on the 25th day of December , 1838, and the first business was the appointment of a guardian for the minor heirs of Henry Zulauf, deceased. The first Circuit Court held in and for Livingston County was held at the school house in the Village of Howell on the 8th day of November , 1837. Present were the Hon. William A. Fletcher, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, the Hon. Elisha W. Brockway and the Hon. Elnathan Noble, Associate Judges . Judge Fletcher was at one time Attorney General for the territory . He was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court after the admission of the State into the Union. The foregoing is intended only as a brief outline of the earliest beginnings and organization of Livingston County. LIVINGSTON COUNTY COURTHOUSE AND SQUARE The Livingston County Courthouse , a dominant feature of the city of Howell, reposes sedately among trees on a well-trimmed lawn. The Courthouse Square is only one block from the main intersection of town and is situated on the north side of Grand River Avenue, the main east-west street bisecting the city . The Square is the central location for many community functions , including parades, band concerts , and rallies . Dominating the southwest corner of the front lawn is the War Memorial honoring the military dead of 312 Livingston County. Impressive ceremonies are held here to observe national holidays . COURTHOUSE LAND March 21, 1833 was the date of the official laying out of Livingston County. The actual organization of the county was effected under the act of legislature approved March 24, 1836. The first County Offices of clerk , register of deeds and treasurer were located in the Eagle Hotel of Amos Adams, and in the private homes of Kingsley Bingham and Flavius J .B. Crane. In 1836, a commissioner appointed by the governor located the county site on the old public square of Crane and Brooks plat. Mr. Crane laid out and donated the land to be known as the Public Square. On the northwest corner of the square , Mr. Crane erected a small building in the summer of 1837-2 rooms intended for his private use . However , the public offices of the county were soon transferred there ; the building being first rented and then purchased by the county. With the Act of 1841, the limits of the county-site were extended to embrace the western half of Section 36. Land incorporated in this extension included the present court - house site . In the spring of 1845, vote was taken at each town meeting to build a courthouse and jail. The Board of Supervisors elected a building committee who advertised for the receival of plans and specifications . In June , 1846, at a special meeting , the Board arranged for the building of the first courthouse . Contract was let to Enos B. Taylor who completed the building in the fall of 1847. Total cost including extras was $5,928. When it came to building the courthouse , the location became an important issue. Peter Cowdry and Edward Thompson who platted additions to the village of Howell were sure if they could get the building located on their land , it would prove beneficial to their addition . With effort, they succeeded-the county site was changed from the old Public Square at Grand River and Walnut Streets to its present location . The front part of the square being donated by Mr. Cowdry in 1842 and the north half by Mr. Thompson in 1843. Both donors of the land gave conveyance with the condition that if the land ceased to be used for county buildings , it was to revert to them or their heirs. The land donated includes the streets surrounding the present square , (State , Court, Church and Grand River ). Legal I description of the land : NW¼ of Section 36 and SW¼of Section 36. The Crane building was purchased by the county and moved during 1845f rom the northwest corner of "old Public Square " to the Courthouse Square . The building was placed about midway between the present front of the courthouse and the west side of the square . Immediately after the courthouse was finished , the Board of Supervisors passed a resolution to allow all religious denominations to hold services there . The proposition was accepted by all but the Presbyterians who already had their own church building . The jail and sheriff 's residence occupied the ground floor of this courthouse . The county and jury rooms were on the The old county jail built in 1888 and razed in 1947. second floor. In 1849, a contract was let to George W. and Frederick J . Lee to build an office building west of the courthouse on the site occupied by Crane 's wooden office building. This new building was stucco and completed that same year at a cost of $545.20. The building served its purpose until 1873w hen it was demolished and a better one took its place as offices for the County Clerk and Register of Deeds. In 1853a building of stucco was erected for the use of the Judge of Probate and County Treasurer , east of the present courthouse . When $500 was approved for the purpose of grading and fencing the square , the block containing the three buildings was surrounded by a picket fence . COURTHOUSE In the winter of 1889, a building commission was convened in Howell for the condemnation of another building which had become dangerous . When they completed their work, they also examined the courthouse. The front walls were found to be materially springing and cracks were noticeable in the side and rear walls . They formally condemned the building for any further meetings . On February 26th the Board of Supervisors was summoned in extra session and a resolution was carried that the courthouse was "unsafe for further use for county purposes. " A proposition was submitted (January session , 1889) to build a new courthouse at the cost of $30,000. A new sheriff 's residence and jail had recently been built . 313 With the jail out of the courthouse , sentiment for a new one was rapid in forming. The supervisors submitted the question to the voters - 1470 voted yes , 1059 voted no-a majorit y of over 400 for the new building . After the old building was condemned , the Opera House was rented for the Circuit Court use at a cost of $15.00p er day when used, until the new courthouse was ready . When the square was cleared to make room for the new courthouse , much of the material in the three buildings went into the walls of the present courthouse . CORNERSTONE LA YING Saturda y, August 10th, 1889, with Calvin Wilcox as marshall of the parade , the procession formed at the courthouse at 2 p.m. It was headed by Civil War veterans plus the Howell Cornet Band and the Ayres Martial Band. It proceeded west to the 800 block of Grand River and the residence of William McPherson , Jr. , from there it escorted General Russell A. Alger, Robert E. Frazer and Josiah Turner to the speakers stand at the courthouse square. An estimated 8,000 persons were present for the ceremonies. The band opened the program. Howell Village President W.P. Vanwinkle introduced Rev . Jesse Kilpatrick of the Methodist Church who offered a prayer. Mr. Vanwinkle complimented the people on the erection of the courthouse . Attorney Luke S. Montague , former school principal , paid glowing tribute to Judge Josiah W. Turner whom he said " laid the foundation of the practice of law in the county" and that it was eminently proper that the venerable judge Jay the cornerstone for this magnificent temple of justice . The list of papers deposited in the cornerstone included histories of every organization , church and history in the county . (The Looking toward Grand River from the spire of the old Baptist Church . Taken in 1876, shows part of the old courthouse and old 314 full list appeared in the Aug. 15th, 1889, issue of the Livingston County Republican news pa per ). Before laying the cornerstone , Judge Turner gave some reminiscences of the early history of the county . He stated that of the lawyers who had practiced with him in 1857, none of them sur vived. Then , with appropriate ceremony , the Judge laid the cornerstone completing his pronouncement with these words , "May God of nature bless this people with <o.:ntinued prosperity , guide and direct the completion of this building and Jong may the structure be preserved from decay , an emblem of the thrift of the county of Livingston ." General Alger, in the principal address , said, " It is a matter of prudence that you protect your records with care and security-you but protect your rights and those of your children to the later generations ." Businessmen celebrated the opening of the new courthouse on April 17, 1890, at the National Hotel. There was a program of speeches , toasts and music followed by a banquet . The menu for that banquet lists Baltimore oysters , chicken and lobster salads , turkey , ham , chicken , Buffalo tongue , lady fingers , cream kisses , and fruit cake. COURTHOUSE TOWER When the first courthouse was built in 1847, a belfry was erected , by resolution of the Board , with the condition that the people of Howell raise a suitable sum to purchase a bell . When the old courthouse was torn down, the bell was saved by the Fishbeck Brothers and others . It was then properly mounted and placed inside the bar railing of the circuit courtroom . In 1890, a special meeting of Common Council of Howell was called to consider the question of buying a town clock to Presbyterian Church on the left. Center background is the old Central school. be placed in the new courthouse tower . 118 taxpayers presented a petition to purchase a town clock and bell for the courthouse, the cost not to exceed one thousand dollars. George C. Patterson, as agent for E . Howard Watch and Clock Co., presented a proposition from his company to place the clock and bell in the courthouse tower and sell them to the village for $991. On February 9th, 1890, the clock arrived and was installed . The dial is said to be about eight feet in diameter . The minute hand is three feet long. The hour hand is two feet long. The letters on the dial are about nine inches high and the minute marks are three inches long. The clock has four faces-one for each side of the tower. Perched atop the steeple is a weathervane with a spread-winged eagle landing on a ball . The invoice for the weathervane from C.G. Jewett , Howell, dated March 15th, 1890, lists one copper weathervane , eagle , letters , balls and arrows complete , gilded with pure gold, cost $50. The bell weighs 1200 pounds and was cast by the McShane Bell Foundry of Baltimore, Ohio in 1889. Suggestions were made that the bell be used for a fire alarm, by varying its method of striking. The bell was so used for some time , but reverted to its original purpose -s triking each hour . On a still night, it can be heard by most residents within the city limits . Since 1890, the City of Howell has maintained , painted , repaired and paid for the winding of the clock. Each Friday , the clock was greased and wound until 1944 when the mechanical weights were replaced by electrical works. Maintenance is now confined to an annual summer visit by the Ohio firm . In 1974, the cost of cleaning , servicing, oiling the clock , synchronizing the hands and adjusting the bell hammers was $85. An estimate made during the 1960's indicates that in Michigan 's 83 counties , there are only 15 or 20 courthouses built prior to 1900 still standing . Although the business of the county has multiplied to such a degree that additional space is needed for various offices, the main courtroom and record-keeping offices are still located in the courthouse built in 1889. Within the past 12 months , plans have been formalized for preserving this structuremodernizing it enough to conform to fire and building regulations , keeping the public and employees comfortable with air conditioning and improved heating system-yet still preserve its historic and architectural charm . SUNDRY PROCEEDINGS OF THE LIVINGSTON COUNTY BOARD OF SUPERVISORS Following are several incidents from the official records of Livingston County: SPARROW BOUNTY Proceedings of the Livingston County Board of Supervisors, Friday , January 13, 1899, Mr. Arthur W. Cimmer , Supervisor of Hartland Township, offered the following resolution which was accepted and adopted: "Whereas- it appears from the County Treasurer's report that the amount paid by this County for sparrow bounty is rapidly increasing and promises to soon assume alarming proportions , And Whereas-it is the opinion of this Board that many birds are presented to the township clerks in such a condition as to make it impossible to tell whether they are sparrows or other birds , Therefore , be it resolved-that the township clerks of the several townships are hereby requested not to issue certificates for sparrow bounty unless such sparrows are presented in a condition to be easily recognized as such and the person making application for bounty shall certify that the sparrows were killed in the township where application is made. " McKINLEY DEATH Proceedings of the Livingston County Board of Supervisors, Monday, October 14, 1901: Mr. William H.S. Wood of Howell introduced the following preamble and resolutions which were unanimously adopted and the Clerk was instructed to follow instructions as indicated in the last resolution . "Whereas-William McKinley, President of the United States was last month cruelly shot by an assassin while extending his hand in love and confidence to the people at the Pan-American Exposition at Buffalo, from the effects of which he died a week later . Whereas-William McKinley was a fond son, a kind husband , a gentle man , a good citizen often chosen to positions of trust by the people in County, Congress , State and Nation, and was twice chosen to fill the highest office in the gift of a free people, and in all positions he filled public trust with earnestness , sincerity and ability as he saw his duty , always true to it and the people. Whereas-William McKinley, as chief executive , represented the people as the head of its chosen form of government, and the attack upon him resulted from no personal hatred of the man , nor grievance or any character personal or otherwise , but was a deliberate assault upon all and any form of government by a follower of those misguided people who despise all laws ; Therefore , be it resolved-that in common with all civilized mankind , we deplore the loss of William McKinley as a man, a friend of the people, and a citizen of this country . We mourn with his stricken wife and family the death of a tender and loved companion and we express hereby the great loss to the nation and mankind of a character so noble, and an executive just in the zenith of his work for the welfare and glory of the Country as expressed in his speech recommending reciprocity and recognition of mutual worldwide obligations in the future made the day before he was assassinated . Resolved- that we detest anarchy and all advocates of personal force in destroying law and order , that here the ballot is the true vehicle of reform , and obedience to law is what makes us free . That we recommend that all anarchists be placed on some tropical island under international surveillance to end their own destiny and that all violations of law be deplored as tending to bring all law and love of law into disrespect and tending to suggest and encourage those not well balanced to accept as right, false and dangerous doctrines in violation of all law and order . Resolved-that these resolutions be spread upon our minutes , and a certified copy thereof sent to Mrs . McKinley as a token of esteem , respect and sympathy , and to our Congressman ." GIFTS Further proceedings of the Livingston County Board of Supervisors , Monday, October 14, 1901: Mr. William H.S. Wood of Howell offered the following Resolution viz : "Whereas: The Board of Supervisors is the Legislative body of the County and , Whereas : Diverse persons have courteously remembered the Board in times past with sundry gifts of boxes of cigars , packages of candy , baskets of fruit , etc ., 315 Therefore , be it resolved, that while appreciating the disinterested motives and good intentions of the givers, it is deemed incompatible to the best public service to accept such gifts in the future . On motion the resolution was laid upon the table until afternoon . Upon reconvening at 1:30 o'clock, Mr. Wood moved his resolution relative to gifts to Board of Supervisors be taken from the table for consideration. Mr. Wood moved its adoption . No one seconded the motion and the resolution died for lack of support. " STATUES FOR EX-GOVERNORS Mr. Wood presented the following resolution: "Whereas: We desire to show in lasting memorial our affection to the two great men who coming from adjoining townships in the southern tier of this county were long faithful counselors in township, county and state , and to initiate proper steps towards memorial statues to be placed in the Courthouse Grounds at Howell, facing Grand River St., one of Hon. Kingsley S. Bingham , first Republican Governor , and one of Hon. Edwin B. Winans, last Democratic Governor of Michigan. Resolved , that Hon. William McPherson of Howell, Hon. William Ball of Hamburg, Hon. Jacob Kanouse of Cohoctah, Hon. B.T.O. Clark of Brighton , Hon. Eugene Hicks of Brighton , Hon. George L. Fisher of Fowlerville , Horace Norton of Marion , Hon. J .B. Tazziman of Oceola,H.F. Malbly of Green Oak, Hon. James Edgar of Green Oak, George Barnes of Howell, Hon. George W. Teeple of Pinckney, Frank Ives of Unadilla , G.A. Kirtland of Iosco, Benjamin Batcheler of Oceola, C.D. Parsons of Conway, Charles Johnson of Deerfield , Daniel Jayne of Tyrone, H.B. Thompson of Hartland, H.E . Beurman of Genoa and Kress Toronley of Hartland be appointed a committee to meet , prepare and appeal for contributions , appoint additional honorary members of said committee from each township , and raise funds towards securing this worthy object and a successful effort in the near future for a statue of Hon. Kingsley S. Bingham , and Resolved, that Hon. Charles Fishbeck of Howell, Hon. Luther S. Kanouse of Cohoctah , Hon. Soloman L. Bignall and Hon. Frank Rounsville of Fowlerville , Hon. Freeman W. Allison of Putnam Douglas Glaspie of Deerfield, Hon. George Winans of Hamburg, William Powers of Brighton , Hon. Albird M. Davis of Genoa, Dr. H.F. Sigler of Pinckney, Edward Farmer of Unadilla, C.S. Bishop of Green Oak, George Horn of Conway, Isaac Stowe of Iosco, Dr . Cunningham of Hartland , Eugene Salsberg of Tyrone, Eugene Bush of Conway, A.T. Frisbee of Cohoctah, J.N . Smartz of Hamburg, Hon. William P . VanWinkle of Howell, John Ryan of Howell, Richard Behrens of Genoa, O.P. Marble of Oceola, B.H. Marbig of Hartland, William Bamber of Oceola, William Robb of Deerfield , William McKane of Cohoctah, John Cousell of Marion , Lyman Beach of Marion , be appointed a similar committee with similar duties and powers to secure contributions for the statue of Hon. E.B . Winans, and that the said committees be requested to accept this labor of love, have authority to fill vacancies , enlarge their number and work as best they may for the objects aforesaid and without expense to Livingston County. Hon. Sidney A. Smith of Green Oak moved the following amendments: Resolved: that the said statues when ordered should be of as nearly uniform or similar size , height , base and material as possible. Resolved : that the several members of the present Board of Suprvisors be added to the above committees . 316 Resolved: that the committees can work jointly or separately as seems best and that the funds collected be evenly divided for the purpose so as to get similar statues . Mr . Woods' resolution as amended by Mr . Smith was adopted. (Comment by County Clerk Joseph H . Ellis-1975: Since no statues were ever erected , we can assume that sufficient monies were never collected ). LIVINGSTON COUNTY-1975 Livingston County is the fastest growing county in the state of Michigan . Population of County in 1890-21,000; Census of 1970-58,967; estimated 1975-75,000. It is situated in southeast Michigan, and is the hub of a wheel with the two major expressways crossing the county east and west and north and south-I-96 and U.S. 23. Detroit being located 30 miles to the east on I-96, Pontiac 25 miles to the northeast , Ann Arbor 15 miles south on U.S. 23, Flint to the north 30 miles , and Lansing 30 miles to the west on I-96, making Livingston County an ideal rural suburban community. Recreation includes several state parks-Kensington Metropolitan Park , numerous golf courses , ski lodges and fishing on several hundred lakes . Howell, with a population of 5,225, is the seat of county government. There are two incorporated cities in the county- Howell and Brighton ; two villages - Fowlerville and Pinckney , and sixteen townships. There are approximately seven well-organized volunteer fire departments in the various areas of the county , all participating in a mutual aid pact to assist one another when need arises. The County government operates a county-wide Building Inspection Department , enforcing the standards of good construction. It is one of the few counties in the state with such a department . The County government also operates a county-wide Emergency Ambulance Service 24 hours a day , with service to St. Joseph Hospital and University Hospital in Ann Arbor , McPherson Community Hospital in Howell, and Sparrow Hospital in Lansing. The County government has also created a DPW, operating a county-wide solid waste disposal and is looking into the feasability of sewer and water facilities in certain areas of the county . Also operated by the county is a county-wide Health Department , having various programs in the area of hearing and vision clinics , and immunization programs for communicable diseases. Also in operation is a Mental Health Clinic with a staff of seven or eight professionals on the staff , specializing in community mental health programs , drug abuse , etc . The county is serviced by one of the finest State Police posts in Michigan located in the Brighton area. It has a staff of approximately 45 troopers , detectives , etc . Our County Sheriff Department, an extremely efficient organization , has a staff of approximately 50 deputies , detectives , etc. , and a new jail completed in 1972. BIBLIOGRAPHY HISTORY OF LIVINGSTON COUNTY-By Franklin Ellis , 1880 JOSEPH H. ELLIS- Livingston County Clerk (1975) Official Proceedings of Livingston County Board of Supervisors , VOL No. 3. The new jail and Sheriffs home, built 1955. LIVINGSTON COUNTY ROAD COMMISSION HISTORY By EARL DICKERSON The Livingston County Road Commission was established in 1919 by appointment of three Road Commissioners by the County Board of Supervisors . The first three Commissioners appointed were R.B. McPherson, John Bradley, and T.K. Parshall. The first meeting of the Board of County Road Commissioners was on April 29, 1919. The only item of business at that meeting was to give permission to the State Highway Department to build Grand River through Howell Township with concrete surface instead of gravel. The first employee of the Road Commission was Will J. Slavin who was hired on July 1, 1919 as County Road Engineer . The Engineer was authorized later that month to purchase four graders , twelve Mccollum floats and a screening plant in which to start maintaining the roads that were established as county roads on August 4, 1919. The newly established County Road system consisted of 49.33 miles of single reward roads that were already built and another 88.25 miles of roads to be built for a total of 137.58 miles. Of course there were also Township roads and Trunk Line Roads. The first year's revenue to the Road Commission was $12,832.19. The county road system showed a steady growth from the organization in 1919 until 1931 at which time the state legislature gave the County Road Commission all of the township roads . That turned over 737 miles of township road to the Road Commission over a five year period. Twenty percent of the roads became county roads over the years 1932 through 1936. With the addition of 737 miles the road system more than doubled its size. As Livingston County grew so did the Road Commission. As platting occurred road mileage was added to the system. Until the 1940's most of the county roads were used as farm to market roads. When the mud got deep in the spring it didn't disrupt the community like it does today . Farm families had enough staple goods in the house to get by a couple weeks. Today a major of the county residents have to commute to work on the county roads . If roads are impassable it creates a hardship on the residents . And so has been the growth of Livingston County and the County Road system. Today 1975 the Road Commission has 1,182 miles of roads in its system. It has a fleet of equipment valued in excess of $1,000,000.00. Its expenditures for road maintenance and construction exceeds $2,000,000.00a year. The Road Commission has attempted to meet the requirements of the growing community by providing a road system adequate to serve the community within the financial means available. HISTORY OF GENOA TOWNSHIP By SHERMAN HALLER, GENOA TOWNSHIP SUPERVISOR Genoa Township is located at the geographical center of Livingston County. The original Grand River Road crosses Genoa diagonally from southeast to northwest crossing through some of its best improved parts. The old Ann Arbor road now the Chilson Road runs south into Hamburg Township and then to Ann Arbor City. There are two railroads crossing Genoa, the old Pere Marquette now the C&O and the old Ann Arbor railroad cross each other at a place called Ann Pere . Where once stood a railway station and hotel. Before getting too far in this short synopsis of this township many of these happenings I can remember as a boy having been born in Genoa and so far most of my life I have lived here. Genoa history dates back in the early 1800's. Many of the founders or early settlers still leave the memory of their achievements and many descendants are still residents of Genoa Township. If I leave the impression that I am proud of being a resident of Genoa that is what I mean to do. The first entries of record were made by Almon Maltby and John White in May and June respectively in the year 1833 but was two years later that a settlement was made. In the fall of 317 1834 Ely Barnard visited Genoa and entered considerable quantities of land for himself and his brother . Just as a coincidence I was born and raised with my parents and my sister and brother on the farm formerly owned by the Barnard brothers also went to school in the old Barnard School which was located at Beck and Chilson Road, however , that was several years later. I am very proud of the fact that I can remember much of the history of Genoa which was handed down to me by my parents, also many of the neighbors, many who are still living in Genoa . Many names today are very well remembered and still very much a part of Genoa some of those are the Sharp family , Latson family , Lounsberry , Herbst , Musch, Itsell , Weinmeister , Nixon, Seim and many others . Much of the information I have is from the Falk family who are relatives on my mothers side of the family. They resided and owned much of Chemung Lake on the north side and I might add Charles Falk lived in my home in his later years . He was 90 years of age and passed away in 1964. He told me about the Indians camped on the north side of Lake Chemung when the Falk family moved to this area about 1850. He told me about the depot on the now C&O which was located at the corner of Dorr and Crooked Lake Road just across the corner from the new Genoa Town Hall. He told me about the old toll road (Plank Road ) which is now Grand River . Many other family names that still are very near and dear to me. The Weinmeister family who settled at Chemung Lake (old Long Lake who developed one of the first large subdivisions namely Glen Echo sat at Chemung Lake ). Then there were many names from the Chilson area where once was the largest sand and gravel plant in the county . Most of this land now belongs to the Zeeb family. Also the names of the Truhn family , the Case family , the Beurmann family and the King family and Brogan family. I don't consider myself an old man but I can remember at least four or five log houses in this area. There are two large brick houses on Challis Road, built by bricks where the material was taken from soil on this property and on our old farm there was a paint marsh from which paint was made. Genoa is a very unique township, we have many of the finest lakes of this area , Lake Chemung , Big and Little Crooked Lakes , Round Lake, Baetke Lake , Lime Lake, Earl Lake. Also we are located on one of the divide lines . The outlet from Crooked Lakes and other waters south of Crooked Lake Road flow into the Huron River Basin and north of Crooked Lake Road the water flows north into Saginaw Bay . One of the first religious meetings was the Baptists where the first religion meeting was held in the fall and winter of 1835-36. In 1958 St. Georges German Evangelical Lutheran Congregation was organized by Rev . Mr. Smith of Ann Arbor . In 1861 three acres of land was purchased in section 14 for a church and burying ground site . Dr . Buck (LLD), father -in-law of John Weinmeister of Howell went to Europe to raise sufficient funds to build a church. The sum of $300 was given by Hamburg , Germany and the church was built on old Crooked Lake Road , now Herbst Road . The oldest burial ground in Genoa is located in section 13, another in section 14, and the Chilson Cemetery where there are markers dating back to 1836. The township of Genoa is one of the fastest growing townships and I think one of the most beautiful. Genoa Township is well represented in four school districts Howell Brighton , Hartland and Pinckney . ' ' I have seen Genoa grow from one of the finest rural areas to one of only about seven farms remaining but still retains a rural atmosphere. Genoa is a very attractive place to live, good school 318 districts, golf courses , one of the finest ski mountains , good lakes for fishing and boating . I am very proud of Genoa . HOWELL TOWNSHIP HISTORY By GLENN BERRY In 1835 Mr. Rial Lake acquired 900 acres of land from the United States. This property is located in Howell and Marion Townships. Ferdinand Munson married Mr . Lake 's daughter who inherited 240 acres of land from her father. This land was later sold to the Berry family . Mr . Glenn Berry, Howell Township Supervisor , now lives on and operates this farm. This piece of property has only changed hands three times . In 1844t he taxes on the 240a cres were $2.35.A log cabin built in 1803 on the Berry property has been moved and is now on display at History Town on Grand River Avenue across from Lake Chemung. The Cherokee Indians used the Red Cedar River , three miles of this river are located in Howell Township , to transport and barter their goods. For many years local residents regularly found arrow heads and pieces of indian utensils while working the fields . An occasional arrowhead is still turned up. Grand River A venue was once a plank road and the pony ex~ress s~op~ed at Fleming , located in Howell Township. This locat10n 1s now known as Six Corners. The shape of Howell Township is the most perfect square in the State of Michigan - T3N, R4E . Most townships are fractional. At one time there were thirteen school districts in Howell Township . Each district contained a country school which went through the eighth grade . Howell Township children now attend the Howell Community Schools. The Lake head oil pipeline starts at Superior , Wisconsin and ends at Sarnia , Ontario. Over six miles of this pipeline runs through Howell Township . There ?re also several gas wells in the Township and they are now mainly used for underground storage . The Livingston County Airport is located in Howell Township. Since its inception , the airport has continuously improved and expanded their facilities to serve the growing needs of the community . Howell Township has been largely an agricultural and residential area . Farming was originally done with horses and gradually changed to steam power . Now the plowing , thrashing grain , filling silos, and other assorted farm work is done by gasoline and diesel powered tractors and accessories . People from the cities are moving into this area to enjoy the country atmosphere. Interstate Highway 1-96g oes across Howell Township and gives easy access to Detroit and outlying metropolitan areas . Howell Township population has increased from 900 in 1950 to over 3,000 in 1975. The Township's land valuation was 1.7 million dollars in 1953 and in 1975 it has increased to 26.5 million dollars. Howell Township is in the process of establishing a sewerage program for an industrial corridor to be located in the Township. This will attract additional industry and provide a substantial tax base for Howell Township as well as create many jobs . Howell Township is a friendly and progressive area and is doing an excellent job in meeting the needs of the Township residents . MARION TOWNSHIP By DOROTHY HOLDEN Marion Township was formed from part of Putnam Township by an act of the State Legislature that was approved on March 11, 1837 and was named for General Francis Marion . He was 'The Swamp Fox of the Carolinas' during the Revolutionary War. Marion has the highest point in the county (now Hillcrest Center) and its streams flow to Lake Michigan on the west , Saginaw Bay on the north and Lake Erie on the south . The first Township meeting was held at the home of Hiram Wing on April 3, 1837. About twenty voters were present and sixteen were elected to offices. Mr. Wing was elected Township Clerk and Justice of Peace at that meeting . Dr. Thomas Hoskins was the first Supervisor . Our first ballot box has been given to the Historical Society here in Howell and is a little larger than a shoe box. The whole number of names reported on the first assessment roll May 1, 1837 as resident taxpayers was thirty-four and the total population was 202. The total assessed valuation was $65,868.00an d taxes levied were $213.66I. n 1974, the valuation was $16,900,340.00 and taxes levied were $645,030.86N. ow for 1975,t he valuation is $21,500,000.00. The present population is over 2600 and there are over 1300 registered voters . The first town hall was built in 1856a t a cost of about $500. It was moved across the road in 1951 when the present hall was built . Marion has changed from a farming community to a Making the cut for the Jewitt Street bridge on the C&O . 'bedroom' community for Detroit, Lansing and Howell. Many duties have been taken over by Livingston County and Howell City. We no longer have Justices of the Peace , School inspectors , School Commissioners , Drain Commissioners or Overseers for the Highways. We now have a seven member Planning Commission and a five member Township Board. W. Burr Clark served as supervisor for thirty-eight years . He passed away while in office in May 1972. Lloyd Haber! is now supervisor and Dorothy Pohl is treasurer. Bruce Love and Harold L. Smith are trustees and have previously held other offices-board of review , zoning board , zoning administrator and D.P.W. representative . I have served as clerk for over 19 years . We are outgrowing our present hall and have purchased twelve acres to the south of the hall for future development. We may build a larger hall or an addition to the existing one. OCEOLA TOWNSHIP By MILTON CONINE, Oceola Township Supervisor. 0945 to Present). Oceola Township, near the center of Livingston County, was an agricultural township until about 1930 when it began to become more urbanized. The first land entries were made by William Redding in 1832 in Section 13. 319 First settlers were H.H. Graves and Henry Neff in 1834. In 1835T homas K. Parshall and J. Brown came and built a log house. As the years came the Walkers , Brownings, Rumseys , Eagers , VanKeurens , Parkers , Riddles, Tafts , Botsfords , Hardys , Batchlers , Russell Blood and others settled here . The Botsford house is still standing and owned by that family . The first cemetery was the Riddle selected by Eligah Riddle in about 1841. This is the largest cemetery in the township containing three acres , others are VanKeuren , Kellogg, St. Johns. The first school was built in 1837o n land owned by Andrew Riddle, later known as Rumsey District No. 1. The first school houses were built of logs and the number increased to nine until the 1940sw hen they began to annex to Howell and Hartland school districts. The first churches were the Parker , Hardy , and St. Johns Catholic. The Parker was built in 1873a nd continued until 1934w hen it was sold and torn down. The Hardy was built in 1871a nd is still being used for church services . The Catholic Church in the eastern part of the township was one of the first. Oceola Centre , near the Hardy Church had a Post Office for many years in the 1860s, from 1840 to 1880, among the early postmasters were Hiram Goodrich first , Edward Browning and Ephraim Hardy . Mr. Hardy also assisted in laying out the roads in the township. In 1838 the township was organized with Jacob Snell as Supervisor and Joseph Rumsey as Clerk. Some of the supervisors were William Rumsey , Samuel Tubbs, Ben Durfee , James Botsford , William Hazard and Vincent Parshall. J .A. Vancamp was the first Blacksmith. In 1900, Bert Conine established a shop in the north part of the township and was a smithy until the automobile came along and did away with the horse and buggy . The first sawmill was probably built by William C. Rumsey in 1837. The hardwood lumber was sawed by this mill in 1847 for the frame dwelling that he lived in for many years . There were always one or more sawmills in operation until 1970 when the last mill quit operations and moved out of the area Hardware store in W. Cohoctah later called Sprungtown. 320 due to a shortage of water power . All of the lumber is now shipped in. From 1920 to the fifties, Thurber Cornell and Jesse Cook operated saw mills and bought timber from many farmers. Around 1900t here were three churches , nine public schools and was mostly farming consisting of growing wheat , oats , corn and hay , fruits and vegetables grown for home use . Many nice farm dwellings, barns and outbuildings , some of which are in existence today are well kept and show evidence of a prosperous community. In 1925, three subdivisions were dedicated namely Howell-Lake-Oak Grove , Oakwoods and Oakcrest Subdivisions . Gradually more subdivisions were made and at present have about 400 residences. In 1975 there are 12 subdivisions and many private roads and farms being split up in 10 acre parcels or less for residential houses with families commuting daily to work in nearby cities. There are 12 lakes, some being developed and several year-round houses being built. There are many small rivers and streams supplying plenty of fresh water for the township . The Township Hall, located in the center of the township , has been improved with a kitchen , sanitary facilities and an office, and is used for man y meetings and groups as a community hall. 'A Zoning Ordinance adopted in 1961 has been in operation with a zoning board until 1972w hen it was revised and a new one adopted with a Planning Commission that meets one or more times a month. The township roads were maintained by the township until about 1930 and financed by a road tax with the work being done by the local residents . After the Livingston County Road Commission took all roads over except private roads and nO\; are built and maintained by the county . From 1900u p to the present the following people were some of our township officers : Supervisors : John Botsford , Wm. Bamber , John Botsford , Jr ., Thurber Cornell, Ben Hacker , Jake Eager , Clyde Hetchler and Milton Conine. Clerk : Robert Eager , Boyden Kimberly , Ralph Bambridge , Orlando Daniels and Mike Wines. Treasurer : Margaret Daniels , Georgia Browning , Joe Dunn, Milton Conine, Margaret Daniels , Arlene Holmes , Irene Daniels and Evelyn Cornell. Hospitals By BERTHOLD WOODHAMS When I first came to Howell way back in 1916H owell had no hospital of any kind. Mothers were accustomed to having their babies in their own homes and emergency cases of accident or illnesses had to be sent to the nearest hospital out of town. Once in a while accident victims would have to be taken to the Livingston County Jail as the only available place. The Kings' Daughters, a very active women's organization in those days , thought Howell ought to have a hospital and undertook as one of their projects to bring a hospital to our city. E . G. McPherson, one of the four McPherson brothers, pioneers of Howell, when he died willed to his widow, Rosa McPherson, the ancestral home on North Michigan Avenue in Howell and when she died it went to her heirs . They evidently agreed with the Kings' Daughters that they would deed the house and property over to the City of Howell to be used for hospital usage with two provisions: the hospital was to be named the E. G. and Rosa McPherson Memorial Hospital and if the property ever ceased to be used for hospital purposes, it would revert back to the McPherson interests. Then the Kings' Daughters were instrumental in promoting a bonding issue of $30,000, I think it was, to remodel the house into a hospital. This bonding issue was passed by the voters. M. J . McPherson, another one of the McPherson brothers agreed, too, to contribute $15,000 to a hospital to purchase the necessary hospital equipment. Bert W. Hoff was mayor of Howell when the bond issue passed and on October 12, 1927 he appointed a "City Hospital Commission" and their assignment was to convert the E . G. McPherson home into a hospital and to see that it was properly furnished with the equipment for hospital use. The commission appointed by the Major and approved by the City Council was: William McPherson, III; Herbert H. Gillette; BertS. Pate ; WilliamE. Robb ; and Berthold Woodhams who was designated as chairman of the commission. The commission hired an architect from Ann Arbor by the name of Fry who was experienced in designing hospitals and Mr. Fry drew the plans to convert the home into a hospital. The commission then proceeded to get construction bids to carry out Mr. Fry 's plans the lower bidder was quite a well known Howell contractor, Mr. Arthur Joy . The commission 322 Hospitals Coordinator Robert Akin , came to Howell in 1927 from St. Charles, Illinois. In 1938 he established an insurance agency known as Robert J . Akin Insurance . Elected to the Howell City Council and served from 1953 to 1957. Chairman of the McPherson Memorial Hospital, City owned, chair - man of Study Group and recommended new hospital. Mayor Pro-Tern 1957, President of Howell Rotary Club 1949. Member of Howell Chamber of Commerce , served on its Board of Directors . Member of Knights of Columbus . Chairman for Health Center Board 1955- 1959. President, Chemung Hills Country Club 1966. Member of St. Joseph Church . Married M . Ernestine Hughes 1934. One son, Edward H. Akin, who is now President and Owner of Akin-Akin, Inc. Insurance Agency . found out rather quickly that M . J.'s contribution of $15,000 would not be adequate even in those days to purchase all the hospital equipment-the operating and delivery rooms and their tables ; the X-ray; the equipment for the physiotherap y room ; the hospital beds and dressers; and the kitchen stove, pots and pans and dishes. Various organizations and individuals were contacted by members of the commission and they either furnished a room or bought some of the necessary hospital equipment. I remember Herb Gillette as being particularly active in getting this done. Bruce McPherson told me that he wanted to make a contribution to the hospital. When we came to buying the x-ray we found we had only about $1,500 in the budget and the type of x-ray that we wanted came to about $6,000. I remember taking x-ray salesmen over to talk with Bruce and Bruce wrote out a check for the difference we had in the budget and the cost of the x-ray. From the outset it seemed that the new hospital was doomed to disaster. Art Joy had just about completed the remodeling job converting the house into a hospital when in the middle of the night a fire broke out and gutted the entire new structure. Fortunately the commission had purchased fire insurance that covered the loss but a lot of the remodeling work had to be redone. As we found out later we apparently hired the wrong person to be our first superintendent , a Mrs . Bakke. Mrs . Bakke evidently had trouble getting along with the new hospital personnel even though she had employed most of them herself. Upon Mrs . Bakke's recommendation , the commission had leased the Edward Beach home which was right across the street from the hospital for the nurses' home. Mrs . Bakke contended she needed a home for her nurses rather than have her nurses scattered all over Howell in their own places of residence. These new nurses had just moved into this nurse's home with their personal possessions when a fire destroyed pretty much the home together with the nurses' clothing and other individual property . The new x-ray machine, in the architect's plans, was placed in the basement of the remodeled building. But there it misfunctioned due to the moisture in the basement. In order to correct the condition, William McPherson at his own expense had tile put all around the outside of the basement walls and this seemed to cure the trouble . At the dedicatory ceremonies we had Mr. Marshall who had been instrumental in bringing a similar type hospital to St. Johns, Michigan , Dr . Foo also from St. Johns who was originally a Howell product , a protege of the late Judge Willis Lyons, Superintendent Bakke, and others. While we were holding the dedication on the front steps of the new hospital some woman, admitted prematurely by the superintendent in the new delivery room, delivered the first baby born in this new hospital. The McPherson Memorial Hospital thus came into being about the summer of 1928. MEDICAL-OSTEOPATH PHYSICIANS At its beginning the hospital had difficulty attracting patients to this new hospital. As we mentioned, mothers had been used to having their babies at their homes and the doctors themselves seemed a little reluctant or slow to use the facilities provided by this new hospital. Unfortunately, too, it seemed to the commission there seemed to be a sort of animosity existing between the M.D. and D.O. professions. We only had one D.O. physician in Howell at the time the new hospital was trying to get under way-a Dr . Lamb, but the M.D.'s informed the commission in no uncertain terms that they would boycott the hospital entirely and take their patients elsewhere if we allowed Dr. Lamb to bring his patients to the hospital or even to have an x-ray picture taken for him unless previously approved by an M.D. The commission was left with no choice as we wanted the hospital used by the M.D.'s. SUBSIDIZING The City of Howell had to subsidize the expenses of the hospital for several years after it came into being. In an effort to induce maternity cases into the hospital it offered a package deal to expectant mothers by agreeing for $50 to give them and their babies hospital care for ten days . In those days there was no such thing as Blue Cross, Blue Shield, and very few people carried any form of hospitalization insurance . Automobile accident victims, sometimes with broken bones and usually all bloody, when they left they were financially unable to pay the hospital bills. Because of their influence into bringing this first hospital in Howell into being the City Council and the Mayor asked the King's Daughters for their recommendation as to replacements of commission members when they retired and recall that for a while Mrs. Henry Wines and Mrs . W. P . VanWinkle as being on one of our first commissions. The chairman of the commission was a council member always and that is how I happened to be chairman of the first commission but the chairman changed whenever the chairman ceased to be on the city council. William McPherson , III seemed to be a sort of permanent members of the commission at least until the city of Howell relinquished ownership and control of it until ii. became the McPherson Health Center . Thus we record some of the problems the first commission had in bringing into existence the first hospital in Howell. 1953-1959 By ROBERT J . AKIN I was first elected to the Howell City Council and took office on April 7, 1953. The McPherson Memorial Hospital was a city owned hospital and one member of the council was always its chairman . Those on the Board of Trustees were appointed by the Mayor. 0 . C. Young was Mayor at the time and I was appointed to serve on this board. Other members were Dr. Gerald McCloskey, Mrs . Raymond Salmon, Mrs. Fred Rogers and William McPherson III. The original structure was the old McPherson residence. This was a three story dwelling which was renovated so that ther e were 18 beds . This hospital was to be for the City of Howell. By using every nook and cranny , the structure was increased until it accommodated 33 beds . It to the point where it was necessary to have a waiting period and many times actual emergency cases had to be transferred to Ann Arbor and other outlying hospitals . Also, it became necessar y to discharge patients before they were ready to go home in order to put another patient in the bed. As stated above , this hospital was only to take care of residents of the City of Howell. This was no longer the case . Our patient s came from all over the county. The increase in the number of automobiles on the road and the accident rate created an enormous increase in the use of the hospital. Many times people who were involved in accidents had to lay on stretchers and wait to get into the emergency room as it would accommodate only about one person. Hallways had to be used for patient rooms . A bond issue was placed on the ballot for a new hospital and this was defeated primarily because it was to be used only by medical doctors . We had a number of capable osteopathic physicians and they were seeing approximately 35 percent of the people. INSPECTION In March of 1954, the State Fire Marshall inspected the hospital and submitted a lot of recommendations . Two of the compliances ordered necessitated major construction . One was to remove the then present stairwells and install inside steel and concrete fire escape staicrase . The other was to install an automatic sprinkler system . We had a certified architect inspect the building and submit plans, recommendations and estimated costs to meet the Fire Marshall 's requests . Estimated costs were about $60,000, and if we were to meet the requirements it would have reduced the number of beds , taken away hall space that we could not lose and create a still more acute space problem. STUDY COMMISSION The Board of Trustees rejected the architect's plans . A Joint Conference Study Committee was appointed . This committee was composed of three members of the hospital medical staff and three members of the Board of Trustees . The hospital administrator was also a member of the committee. The members were Dr . H. C. Hill, Howell; Dr . L. E. May, Howell; and Dr . Niles Clark , Brighton ; representing the medical staff . William McPherson III , Mrs. Fred Rogers and Robert J . Akin were chosen from the Board of Trustees , and James Sullivan, the Hospital Administrator . We began weekly meetings in June , 1954. I was chairman of the group . After about four months of weekly meetings, the study group recommended : 1. Create a new ownership for our hospital. Our choice was " Hospital Authority " and offer as large an area as possible for the hospital. 2. Solicit funds for its construction with the aid of Professional Fund Raisers . 3. Utilize as much of our present equipment and supplies as possible. 4. Relocate the hospital within the city limits to a convenient and spacious site where city services were available ; such as sewers , water , fire and police protection . 5. Provide for future expansion in so far as our finances would permit. 6. Take advantage of the Hill-Burton Funds. NON-PROFIT CORPORATION This Study Committee now had gone as far as it could. A resolution was passed inviting Orland Young, who was Mayor of the City of Howell, and each member of the Study Group was to invite three people, to a joint meeting . At this meeting the findings of the Study Group were presented along with our recommendations. Those invited were : Mrs. Andrew Jackson , Robert H. McPherson , James Murphy , Don Deering , Herb Sneed, Bruce Watts , Mrs . Frances Barron , Russell Engelhardt , Lorraine Liverance, Robert Smith , Lynn Zimmerman , Oralnd C. Young, Robert J . Akin, Mrs . Fred Rogers, William McPherson III , James H. Sullivan , Dr . 323 L. E. May, Dr. Niles A. Clark and Dr . H. C. Hill. A non-profit corporation was formed for the purpose of raising of funds for the construction of a new hospital facility . Mr. Charles Sutton was elected president ; Robert J. Akin, first vice president ; Ross Robb, second vice president ; Percy Allmand, third vice president ; June Zimmerman, secretary ; and Edward McPherson, treasurer . The corporate name was to be McPherson Community Health Center. Otper members of the board were: Mrs. J. C. Allen, Mrs. Frances Barron , Joseph V. Brady , Albert W. Cole, Robert F. Craig , D. G. Deering, Stanley Dinkel, Mrs. Andrew Jackson, Sherman E. Jubb , George Kirkland , T. J. Kizer, Sr. , Lorraine Liverance, William McPherson III , James Murphy, Carl Raddatz , Mrs. Fred Rogers , Herb Sneed, Ronald Stuible and Orland C. Young. FUND RAISING It was decided to use professional fund raisers and the American City Bureau was the firm selected. Clark Ackley of Lansing was selected as the architect . Mr. Charles Sutton appointed myself as general chairman of the Hospital Development Committee . This was the name used for the fund raising . Edward A. Fritch and John B. MacDonald were named associate chairmen. The American City Bureau came in in November , 1954. The total amount of money to be raised was $525,000.H ill-Burton Funds were to provide 48 percent of the total cost. With this amount, a 60 bed hospital could be built . A ten acre site on Byron Road was selected and purchased from the McPherson Estate for $10,000. A campaign plan and program were then set up. In order to raise this kind of money it took a lot of planning and preparation before launching into the actual fund raising effort. This started in November, 1954, and the victory dinner was held April 2, 1955. To solicit 30,000 people, divisions were set up to contact prospects with a potential "X" number of dollars . These divisions were as follows: Founders Division "A''-Gifts from business firms and landowners who could be considered in sums of $10,000 and up. Joseph V. Brady , Howell, was the chairman of this division. Albert W. Cole of Brighton was associate chairman and this group raised over $251,000.00. Founders Division "B"-Gifts from $5,000 to $10,000. Chairman Clifton W. Heller , Howell and A. Colton Park, Brighton , associate chairman . Amount raised , about $30,000.00. Founders Division "C"-Gifts from $1,000 to $5,000. Chairman , Herbert F . Schott , associate chairman , W. Woodruff, both from Howell. Amount raised , over $67,000. Founders Division " D"-Gifts from $300 to $1,000. Chairman R. H. Engelhardt , associate chairman, W. H. Erwin, both from Howell. Amount raised, over $68,000. Medical Staff-Chairman , Dr . J . J . Hendrin, M.D., Fowlerville . Associate chairman, Dr . B. N. Shertzer, DO.O., Howell. Amount raised $67,000 plus. Business and Professional Division-Chairman , Glen Slayton, Howell. Amount raised , $29,000 plus. Women's Division-Chairman , Mrs . Frances Barron , Howell, associate chairman , Mrs. Jess Allen, Howell; Associate Chairman , Mrs. Gerald McCloskey, Howell; Associate Chairman , Mrs . Bruce Watts , Brighton. Amount raised, over $25,000. Clubs and Organizations-Chairman , James A. Robb, Howell. Amount raised over $13,000. Hospital Division-Chairman , James H. Sullivan, amount raised over $6,000. 324 Employee Division-Robert F . Craig, chairman , Howell; associate chairman , F . A. Miller. Amount raised over $85,000. Rural Division- Chariman , Carl Kirkowski , Howell. Amount raised over $57,000. Government and Education-Chairman , John S. Page, Howell, amount raised, $18,000 plus. Church Relations-Chairman, Rev . Walter A. Geske, Howell. Audits and Reports-Chairman , Edward G. McPherson , Howell. Speakers Bureau-Chairman , Charles N. Hill, Howell. Those chairmen and their associates then filled out their committees with enough help to contact and solicit all people falling into these groups. There were over 500 people involved in the solicitation of the funds. The area covered was pretty much the whole county . The campaign came to an end April 2, 1955, with a total pledges of $698,736.90. With belated gifts, the total ran over $789,000. The complete success of this drive was with the dedicated leadership of all chairmen and their helpers . Also, the fact that the hospital would have a joint staff of medical doctors and osteopathic physicians . McPherson Community Health Center was the first voluntary non-profit hospital in the State of Michigan to have a joint staff. Much credit should be given to these joint efforts as through the years other hospitals have been opened to both groups. I must also give much credit to the counseling we had from John H. Crowe, Jr ., and his associate , Jess S. Mullin of the American City Bureau . The next phase now that the money was available ws the actual building of the hospital. With excess of money pledged , the board of trustees came up with plans for a 75 bed hospital. The Hill-Burton Funds were increased to $526,000. Ground breaking for the new hospital was July 15, 1956. James M. Hare , Secretary of State of Michigan , represented the Governor 's Office and Don Hayworth , U.S. Represen - tative was the principal speaker . The hospital was built and dedicated and open house was held January 4, 1958. FIRST BOARD OF TRUSTEES When the by-laws of the McPherson Community Health Center were accepted, it called for a 15 member board . The first Board of Trustees were elected in September of 1955. The 15 members were : Ross J. Robb, Fowlerville ; P . R. Allmand , Hartland ; George Kirkland , Gregory ; Edward G. McPherson , Howell; Mrs . June Zimmerman, Fowlerville ; T. J . Kizer, Sr., Howell; James F . Murphy , Howell; Mrs . Fred Rogers , Howell; H.H. Barnes , Milford; Mrs . J.D . Allen, Howell; John W. Layton , Howell; Clifford VanHorn , Pinckne y; Oscar Beck , Pinckney ; and myself. From this group I was elected chairman; Ross J . Robb, vice-chairman ; Edward G. McPherson , treasurer and Mrs . June Zimmerman , secretary. The hospital opened and operated at near maximum from the beginning . It was not more than two years after its opening that plans had to be made for expanding its size until today it has 136 beds. By JUNE ZIMMERMAN TRUSTEE FROM 1955-1973 BOARD CHAIRMAN FROM 1959-1973 This phase of hospital history is anything but that. In truth it is a recollection based on sketchy documentation , faulty memory , and warm friendships that limit objectivity . Hopefully, it will be read as such, thus judging the omissions and personalizations more gently. The years from 1959 to 1973 are the time in history . The story is of visionary men and women working with love and pride to provide care for their sick and injured . Professionals , (doctors, nurses, technicians, administrators , etc .) were major contributors to the hospitals progress and growth . They made the institution function and grow with their personal careers. Equally important however, were those who served on the health center 's " gratitude roll," rather than payroll. They gave of themselves for community betterment. It is essentially their story that should be preserved in this rambling report. GEOGRAPHIC REPRESENTATION From birth the corporate body consciously worked at preserving geographic representativeness on its governing board. Strong convictions urged that all steps be taken to preserve the founding concept that this was to be "countywide" institution . Even though physically tied to the area, it was not to become a " Howell" hospital. Surrounding areas had helped buy brick and mortar , and would now chart the hospital's future . For many years, visiting mayors to Fowlerville, Brighton and Pinckney were invited to visit the "local" hospital. Imagine their puzzlement when they were driven out-of-town to see McPherson Health Center . Mayor Cliff Heller of Howell, always a good friend of the hospital , can undoubtedly recall some of the heated correspondence that resulted from an inadvertent reference to the health center as "Howell's hospital. " The following leadership and talent came to the governing board from these villages and cities during these 14 years : The doctor comes in his sleigh to deliver the new baby. Brighton-Thomas Anderson , DVM, H.H. Barnes , E.W. Bottum , Robert Buechner , Fred Burt , Robert Leland , W.W. Madden. Edward Parrish , John Slater. Howell-Robert Akin, Nanette Allen, Glenn Berry , Donald Brinks , J. Henry Cornell, Louis Eaton , D.D.S., Walter Geske, Robert Itsell, D.O., William Jones , Charles Keesler, Thomas J. Kizer, Robert MacDonald, Edward McPherson , William McPherson , III , Donald Monroe, Mervill Moore, James Murphy, Richard Orne!, D.O., Kathleen Rogers , William Scofield. Hartland-Percy Allmand, Don Epley , Norlan Cartwright. Pinckney-Oscar Beck, Clifford VanHorn . Hell- Mel Reinhardt. Fowlerville-Charles Brigham, Grant DeForest, Irwin Glover, Charles W. Hills, Thomas Higby, M.D., George Kirkland , Clayton Klein, Cecil Lepard , Ross Robb, June Zimmerman . These forty-five people served various lengths of office, some a few years, a few, several years. Their common tie was dedication to hospital activity. During this time only one meeting was ever adjourned for the lack of quorum . The average board attendance was twelve out of fifteen ; with committee attendance as good. Building committee minutes in 1967r eport nineteen meetings during the year, with perfect attendance at seventeen. ADMINISTRATOR COMMENTS Excerpts from a hospital administrator 's letter best sums it up . .. " I recognize the extraordinary contribution trustees have made toward better health care in this county. The devotion, intelligence and guidance . . .freely contributed has, in my experience , been unequalled. Many of the far - 325 sighted programs of the health center would never have materialized without this top flight board ... " SPECIAL TIES ACQUIRED Through experience there evolved specialist on committee assignments. Ed McPherson, Nan Allen, and George Kirkland were key contributors to financial decisions. John Slater , Cecil Lepard , " Pat" Murphy, Oscar Beck, Irwin Glover, and Bill Madden spent long hours on complicated buildng agendas . Charles Keesler, Bob MacDonald, Bob Buechner , and Cukc Brigham gave the personnel committee leadership . Tom Kizer was the pivot around whom physician recruitment activities evolved. Tom Anderson and J. Henry Cornell were the cornerstones of the professional committee. RED CROSS THERE Almost with the opening of the front doors, the Red Cross volunteers joined the hospital family . In 1959, Josephine Grostick spearheaded the organization ably assisted by Mrs. Harold {Peg ) Hill, Mrs. Wm. McPherson, IV (Mimi), and Mrs. Boyd Shertzer (Millie). As of this date, four of the first class are still active members in the Grey Ladies corps . They are all from Howell, Altai Willard, Lillie Gatesman , Doris Meyer, and Ruth Bennett. To qualify the ladies all attended several classes for instruction. At a specila ceremony in the spring, each new group was capped by a Red Cross dignitary from Lansing . Proud husbands and beaming children as well as active volunteers witnessed their graduation. Length of service was recognized with the presentation of service pins, bars, or chevrons. Some of those so recognized were: from Brighton: Angeline Bretz , Elsie M. Schulz, Madeline Smith, and Louise Schulz. From Fenton came Florence Bailey. From Howell: Mazie Reed, Mabel Starkey, Margaret Trumbull, Helon Hacker, Dorothy Shelton, Thelma Weller, and Edith Miner. From Fowlerville: Dora Glover, Ruth Kuehn, Janice Zimmerman and Paula Malcolm . SERVICE BRINGS SUNSHINE The volunteers served the health center in many ways. They greeted visitors helping them locate friends and offices. They brought sunshine with the delivery of mail and flowers. Some were so effective they became identified with their service. Judy Dunn and Linda Musson were tagged as "juice ladies .'' Many looked for their greeting to announce the arrival of the evening refreshment cart. Ina Height was synonomous with the reading cart, another volunteer service. HOSPITAL AUXILIARY EARLY WORKER The same year that saw the formation of the Red Cross service , witnessed the organization of the hospital auxiliary . These women also had hospital service as their prime objective , but they chose different avenues of expression. Several fund raising projects were developed . The money was used to purchase equipment for improved patient care . Card parties, theater parties, and fashion shows supplemented the main money raiser . .. the hospital gift shop. GIFT SHOP PERSONNEL The gift shop served not only the visitor who wanted to buy a special gift, but also the patient who had a need for an extra something. Some of the many who worked to make this shop 326 a success were Evelyn Maas, Opal Beurmann, Alice Mercer, Mary Jane Grubbs, Edith Morlock, Lois Campbell, Ferne Fenton , Lynn Haas, Ruth Slater, Isabell Parker, and Esther Sullivan . Repair and mending sessions were guided by seamstresses Marion Johnston, Elizabeth Stoddard, and Katherine Sorg. Flexibility had to be their talent for they never knew where their sewing machines would be housed . Expanding services at the health center were always laying claim to the sewing room, and relocation was frequent. HONOR LONG-TIME MEMBERS Waldenwoods was the scene of a recognition luncheon in 1969. Seventeen women with ten continuous years of auxiliary membership were honored . Mrs . Harold Armstrong and Mrs. Claude Brian of Hartland ; Mrs. C. C. Fen - ton, Mrs. J. J . Hendren, Miss Hulda Euper, and Miss Elizabeth Schneider of Fowlerville; Mrs . Alfred Friedman of Brighton ; Mrs. Max L. Johnston of Linden; and Mrs. K. Miller Beurmann, Mrs. Henry Disse , Mrs. Mae Harris, Miss Alice Gannon, Mrs . Arthur Jones , Mrs . Gerald Jones, Mrs. E.A. Fritch , Mrs . H. Roggenkamp, and Mrs. A.E. Holforth of Howell. ADDED EXTRA TOUCH Each Christmas the auxiliary "decked the halls " with joy and color to dispel the gloom of holiday illness. Each May found women like Doris Jones, Thelma Garland , Irma Schaner , Nan Allen, Helen Chapman and Mildred Bradman helping the hospital celebrate National Hospital Week. They assembled silver services and centerpieces to brighten the tea table and solicited scores of cookies to tempt open-house guests . Potlucks and picnics were not only opportunities for socializing, but avenues for telling the hospital story to the community. Women who served as chairman were : Mrs. Claude Brian, Mrs. Bruce Campbell (Lois) , Mrs. Lynn Haas , Esther Mccreedy, Dorothy Wier, Ellie Sanford , Francis Weeks, Carol Norton, and Margaret Jones. Elizabeth Holdorth and Veronica Walker were secretary for many years, while Blanche Roggenkamp was the treasurer. Evelyn Armstrong was an active membership chairperson . The full value of the love and service that many, many women gave to the hospital will never be fully told. These are only examples of the multitude of volunteers who have contributed in countless ways to the care of our sick, and the comfort of their families. In 1970 the hospital auxiliary was restructured into a volunteer-guild. While the format has changed, the spirit and the heart remained the same . HEALTH CENTER GROWTH CHART The growth of a hospi ta! is not achieved in a wholly rational sphere at a calculated rate ... nor is it devoid of human strengths and frailities. Conflicts of philosophy and priority are not unknown. There are issues of controversy and debate , as well as moments of keen insight and accomplishment. A hospital is people. To grasp the vitality of this dynamic institution , there follows capsulized glances into her past action and thought processes. 1959-1961 - Expansion of original pharmacy to meet larger demands -Start of group life insurance program for all employees -Established committee to study feasibility of a pilot service of intensive care . Chairman T. Kizer, trustees Rogers, McPherson , IV, Zimmerman , and doctors Barton and Rice recommended same and it was begun. -Continuing care pilot program begun -Increased employee salary. Starting pay for R.N., $15 a day -Board and Medical staff meet to jointly discuss care of aged in community . Explore possible services from hospital -Drs . Hoffman , Polack , Shertzer , McGregor, and Sigler evaluate pilot ICU (Intensive Care Unit) and study desirability of a permanent unit. Administrator urges such a unit. Work and findings of pilot alter antipathetic attitudes of staff , and full cooperation assured . From an article by T. Kizer : " . . . by April, 1960 the Intensive Care Unit was in successful operation. The benefits of this project were almost instant pluses for patients, doctors , and the hospital. Private nursing with its costly inefficiency was almost wiped out. In 1959, 470 private duty nurse shifts cost patients $8500. In 1960, there were only 60 private duty shifts costing $1,000.. .n ow there are none." - Purchase a dry heat food system to asure delivery of warm meals -Only 6.4 percent of original building pledges still unpaid - Building Committee begins developing plans for housing newly developed hospital services (continuing care, ICU, rehabilitative, and maintenance shop). Dr . Hill, Woodworth, Chelsky, Hoffman and Shertzer served as advisory to committee. - Joint Committee , chaired by Thomas Barton, M.D. visits hospital in Chicago to evaluate a progressive patient care (PPC ) program . Building program developed by committee and administrator Sullivan supported by medical staff . PPC begins to take form - Room rates increased to $19.00 for a semi-private , $25.00 for ICU 1962 - Employee handbook with a written grievance procedure adopted -A s recommended by Administrator Sullivan, Home Care and Occupational therapy service begun. -Initial inspection of hospital for accreditation by Joint Commission on Accreditation. After controversial changes in medical staff committee structure made , the hospital is given three year accreditation. This citation assures the public that the standards of quality patient care are met. - Fir st trial run of hospital disaster plan shows up a few deficiencies .. . today (1973) spectators need reassurance it is only a practice and not a real disaster - Office of assistant administrator established and filled by Gordan Bradman , formerly business manager of the hospital - Citizens for Better Health Care brings allegations of poor care to members of the medical staff . Meeting of the staff and the Board of Trustees explores areas of individual responsibility and authority . " Citizen" representatives invited to a special meeting of the board for exchange of information concerning employe grievances . Problem resolved ! -New addi tion estimated at $325,000 calls for 66 more beds and rooms for a school of practical nursing . Bids come in " unnecessarily high" . .. this phrase becomes all too familiar to members of the building committee . They began asking how estim ates were estimated when they appeared to be so unrealistic . 1963-1964 - Average daily patient census is 83 - Practical Nursing School is accredited by Board of Nursing enrolls 25 students . - Health Center has 185 employees, 24 medical staff members . - Quotations from the 1963 annual meeting John Slater , Building Chairman: " This was a year of planning for expansion of both building and service ... according to patient needs rather than by depart - ment. . . Our ICU program has served over 1090 patients since its beginning. Frequent meetings have been held with a committee of the Medical staff chaired by Wenda! Jacobs, D.O., department heads, and outside consultants ... completion of this program should take care of our major needs for the foreseeable future . We will have 141 beds, and will be the first in the United States with all phases of complete Progressive Patient Care ." Stanley Hoffman, M.D. Chief-of-Staff: " ... one of the most significant steps which this hospital has taken is to initiate a program of progressive care . It has been a large task , and has consumed many hours of consultation , correspondence , and soul searching. The prime responsibility has lain upon the Board of Trustees and the administration with the staff participating in the planning . " ... Our duo-staff is one of the few in the country ... operating as a single staff . We have made it work for five years now, with a minimum of stress and strain .. . we have seen some potentially trouble spots , but we are still together and expect to remain so . . . a tribute to the men and woman we have in our midst. . . and the understanding and tolerance they have ." -Reorganization of rate structure begun, aimed at relating charges to costs of service . ICU rates jump from $25 per day to $40, even though actual costs are over $50. Finance committee feels higher charges would discourage use of this service . -Medical library opened in the hospital -Joint conference committee recommends removal of cigarette machines from the hospital. . . " their presence is inconsistent with our dedication to good health. " Minutes show some felt this action to be poor public relations . - Home Care seeks local subsidy from area community chests to continue service to patients unable to pay charges -Board upset by county philosophy to control budgetary expenses by refusing to pay for services rendered patients who are county responsibility. Some view the transfer of social service financing to the state level as a cure to this problem . . . (it later proved to be the source of even more serious problems ?) - University of Michigan and W. K. Kellogg Foundation publish a study of Progressive Patient Care at McPherson. 1965-1968 -Financial policies written , debated, and adopted . They covered areas like purchasing , borrowing , insurance , memorials, budgeting and investments . - 16½ acres contiguous to the hospital site were purchased for $30,000 - Laboratory and ex-ray facilities remodeled and expanded at a cost of $68,000 - Physician recruitment task force formed . Tom Kizer, Ed Woodworth, M.D. and Jim Sullivan develop a slide presentation telling the McPherson story. -Increased patient load both at physicians ' offices and emergency room raises questions about physician-coverage of the emergency room on a rotating schedule. - Administrative changes : James Sullivan resigns to head a Regional Medical Program in Wisconsin. Gordon Bradman serves as interim administrator . (He later left to become administrator at Redford Community Hospital). Robert A. 327 DeVries appointed the second administrator of the health center . - Development of a pilot coronary care unit under guidance of Robert Polack , M.D. - Experimentation with renal dialysis service as a satellite of Sparrow Hospital. A kidney machine is installed in second floor north . Resulting data led to the decision to discontinue the service for lack of patient load, and specialized medical supervision to justify high operating costs. - Mrs. Lois Merwin appointed director of the School of Practical Nursing - Mental Health Department facilities to be provided in self-car e wing. (Later they were expanded to a section of the Manor). " BIRTH OF THE MANOR" At a special meeting of the board and the staff suggestions for meeting the medical needs of the aged were formulated . Hospital proposals were measured with county proposals, robustly debated , and analyzed . A special joint committee was appointed to meet with the county Board of Supervisors to explore plans for an extended care facility . Much controvers y arose over county participation in capital expenditures , and the need for a written agreement between provider and purchaser of the service . After careful research and study, and with the urging of federal , stage , and Universit y of Michigan consultants , the decision of the board was to construct what was to be called Livingston Manor . Prior to his resignation , administrator Sullivan predicted demise of the project with a signed commitment from county social services . Federal officials however , saw " no need for any agreement with the county ... new regulations covering Medicare and Medicaid will enable the patient to choose his own place of treatment. Certification will now be by state offices rather than county ... payments will come from the same agency .. . your program is good and sound, and Hill Burton funds are available for your use in construction. " Interestingl y the lack of success of this service was due to lack of governmental follow-through on a previous commitment , but at the federal and state level rather than at the county. - The unit name resulted from an emplo,ee contest. - The suggested name was to convey the feeling of county representatives . Ralph Otwell, Jr ., director of building services , and an active advisor in the planning of the unit, submitted the winning name . ~ Howell Planning Board refuses to grant buildng permit for new unit. The architect had failed to obtain zoning approval. After momentary panic the problem is resolved and building proceeds . - Panic again with the discovery of an 11 inch discrepancy between existing building and specification of new facilit y. Architect and land surveyor squirmish while the hospital seeks legal advise . Problem resolved to everyone's relief . - Decision made for first major indebtedness , and funds borrowed against present assets and projected income . $737,000 borrowed at the time bids were accepted . - Federal minimum wage and hour law applied to the health industry. Administrator DeVries corrected past delinquencies with back payments and a new wage scale . Hospital costs rose reflecting new overtime policies as well as minimum wage rates . - 230 employees compared to 17 at McPherson Memorial Hospital. -Staff membership extended to oral surgeons and dentists. - Fir st personnel director (Donald Fletcher ) heads new department. 328 - Life membership in corporation developed . First goes to James A. Robb long time hospital friend . This was closely followed by the sale of membership to Claudine and Andrew Jackson also staunch hospital allies. 1969-1973 - Combine resources into a single unit for Coronoary and Intensive Care. This aimed at reducing costs and increasing effectiveness of nursing . - ICU rates raised to $70 per day , and semi-private rooms $37. Still service costs are not always reflected . - Union organizers seek acceptancy by hospital employees . Denied. - New state law makes funeral home based ambulance service impractical. Hospital helps the county explore alternative services . Hospital developed programs to offer attendants the necessary training and continued education for licensure . - Physician offices become available in the north wing of the self care unit. This move was hoped to attract new physicians into the area . - Niles A. Clarke, M.D., named as medical director of Livingston Manor . - Corporate by-laws changed to make the chief-of-staff a voting member of the board , and to allow the election of one other medical staff member to trusteeship . Apprehension was expressed over physician dominance as well as the precedent of special interest representation on the board . - Howell Ministerial Association arranges Sunday services for residents of the Manor . Merle Meeden of the First Baptist Church headed this project. - Health Center conducts study sessions for graduate students from University of Michigan 's Bureau of Hospital Administration, as well as externships for medical students from that university as well as Michigan State University . - Moon landing celebrated with rocket-fuel punch , green cheese and moon cake served in the cafeteria. (Another successful Evelyn Warne / Irma Schaner project! ) -Helen Laird Salmon, R.N. honored by the School of Practical Nursing for 38 years of service to the health center and its predecessor . - Changes in governmental eligility requirements and payment for service caused physician reluctance to admit patients to the extended care unit. .. " pressures of the law complicate good patient care " stated one staff member . Manor census dropped from 41 to 32 patients . - Eight inspections of the hospital in the first 10 weeks of 1970. Most visits last from ½ day to 2 days . - Annual " Health-In " sponsored by Practical Nursing School. Booths highlighting careers and preventive medicine were constructed and manned by students, and. visited by over 2,000 junior and senior high students . Lois Merwin with members of her staff Marily Cheney, R.N., Doris Oakley, R.N., Lois Bond, R.N., and Loisann Hopkins L.P .N., provided capabl e and enthusiastic leadership to this and other health fair themes . One on good nutrition and health habits were aimed at elementary students . Fairs were located in different areas of the county . The booths were imaginative and carried the message to appreciative large crowds of visitors . - Payday advanced twenty-four hours so more employees can ballot on a second question of unionization . Employee s again deny the organization . - One of 6 national health fellowships offered to Rober t DeVries. During his study at the University of Michigan , administrative services will be provided by an assistant director of University Hospital in Ann Arbor . - Coverag e of the emergency room changed from rotationduty by all staff members to contractural coverage by a group. This began as weekend coverage only, but soon evolved into full coverage . Chief-of-staff Thomas Higby, M.D., stressed the need for promptly seeing the patient , and carefully monitoring the quality of services rendered . - Employee Recognition Awards for outstanding service were presented to Mrs . Sarah Chaddock, a nurses aid, and Gil Hodges of building services . - Occupational therapy discontinued for lack of patient referral and coverage. by hospitalization insurance programs . - Federal and state unemployment compensation programs expanded to include hospital employees . - Utilization Review Committee created by medical staff to evaluate need for, and quality of medical care given -Robert A. DeVries accepts post as program director at W. K. Kellogg Foundation . Administrator appointment committee formed to review applicants ' credentials, and conduct personal interviews . Robert MacDonald, Edward McPherson , Thomas Higby, M.D., and June Zimmerman served . Later Robert Itsell , D.O. was also appointed. - Visitors -to hospital come from New Foundland, England , Chile, Scotland, and the Pan American Health Organization as well as state and national organizations . - Governmental Phase II puts lid on hospital charges and wages, but not on hospital costs . - Coronary monitoring equipment replaced with updated modules . - Parking lots expanded and blacktopped . -Richard Lane of Battle Creek Sanitarium appointed as the third administrator of McPherson Health Center . -A hospital sponsored luncheon honored over a hundred volunteers. -Corporate membership for 1972 was 278 members , and exploded to 634 members in 1973. -Defeat of three incumbent trustees seeking re-election by an unusually heavy proxy campaign headed by R. F . Hauer , M.D. ALL IS NOT WORK The Hospital Christmas party was the social event all anticipated . Usually this was at the Howell Armory. Party goers increased in number with expanding Armory facilities . One annual report showed 450 guests attended. Fond memories are of the doctors ' band , which included nondoctor musicians too, and the hospital chorus. Musical talents from Mary Titterton, Barbara Kirkland , Lance Stoker , D.O., Ed Woodworth, and Tom Higby, M.D.'s as well as Roscoe Stuber , M.D. and the Hoffmans, Mary and Stan gave us many pleasant songs to remember. Committees of hospital employees spent their "own time" developing spectacular decorations . Christmas trees dwarfed the band stand ... and the dinners were surpassed only by the pleasant company . The close of each banquet was the singing of carols by candlelight. These were also the occasion for recognition of years of service by physicians and employees. The awarding of 20 year pins to Hulda Morgan , R.N . and Harold Hill, M.D. were golden moments in hospital history. There was a singleness of purpose and a unity of spirit found in the hospital family during this party . "SPECIAL CELEBRATION" Two other social events that included the larger hospital community were the open house celebrations. One honored the beginning of Progressive Patient Care services; the other the opening of Livingston Manor . The first had to avoid interferring with hospital care in progress . Elaborate travel routes were developed with signs , arrows , ropes and saw horses. Host and hostess assignments were awarded to Grey Ladies , Auxiliary , Medical staff members and their wives , employeees and trustees . . . all had a task at a place for a time. Three thousand came to this one even to see the new facility , and the demonstration of new equipment. This was an indication of the strong community identification with THEIR hospital. "NURSING SPECIAL EVENTS" Two ceremonies which are really a part of the School of Practical Nursing became an integral part of the hospital tradition . The first was the simple but impressive , early morning capping of the students . Frequently this was held at the small chapel in downtown Howell. A continental breakfast followed at the Health Center . The quietness of the hour coupled with the dedication of the service touched all who came . The second joyous occasion was the school commencement services from the local high school. Mrs . Merwin and her staff proudly shared the moment with school alumnae , enrolling students , and invited guests. Graduates carrying long-stemmed roses , filed between rows of school graduates . Smiles , tears , and flashing camera lights climaxed the presentation of diplomas . . . after which graduates and the usual four hundred or more guests enjoyed a social hour . PEOPLE ARE AND WERE Some names have already been recorded in this resume, and a few more must follow. This incomplete recognition underscores the fact that a hospital's life and vitality are the people who serve either on the payroll , or the gratitude roll, like Robert Reed of Howell. There were people who managed to be on both. They were employees who during our association reached far beyond their required tasks . If only all could be recalled . .. many were department directors such as Evelyn Warne, dietitian ; Michael Weller, laboratories ; Ralph Otwell, Jr ., building services; Doris Oakley , home care ; Helen Haffey, medical records ; Paul Baldwin , Jr ., pharmacy and administration ; Winnie Work, Norah Riding , and Janet Malonson directors of nursing ; Karol Granowski, M.D. radiologist , and Irma Schaner who directed hospital news releases and gave many , many hours as recording secretary to the board and aided volunteers in the implementation of their projects. Inadequate as this recollection may be, it would have suffered more had not help come from fellow trustee Tom Kizer , as well as Blanche Roggenkamp , Josephine Grostick , and Paul Baldwin, Jr. Their contributions are appreciated. The kitchen in the old hospital. 329 The operating room in the old hospital. 197 5 Health Center By PAUL BALDWIN, JR. ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR, MCPHERSON HEALTH CENTER The most recent period of hospital history represents one of the most dynamic periods of time since the opening of the McPherson Community Health Center . In earlier years the dynamics of the institition were generated by the Board of Trustees, the Medical Staff, and the hospital staff . More recent changes have been generated by government. Since the enactment of federal legislation which established the Medicare and Medicaid programs , the federal government has played an increasingly important role in the health care field. There are many health care benefits provided to American citizens which are paid for by government funds. By controlling the disbursements of these funds to hospitals , such as ours, the means and methods of providing this care are subject to many federal requirements . During the past three years , additional federal legislation has established more programs which bring about even tighter controls on hospitals. Well-intentioned legislators proclaim these regulations as being necessary to assure the qualit y of patient care which is paid for by the federal government. While this may be true in part , it is also very obvious that all of the new regulations reflect very strong implications of financial control. Existing controls now relate to quality of patient care, education of health care specialists , and facilities and services . All of these represent groundwork provided for in the long-range planning of the Department of Health , Education and Welfare and serve as a base for the establishment of a national health insurance program . Whether this will be good or bad remains for the next period of history to determine . However, everyone concedes that a National Health Insurance Program is inevitable . We find that the influence of government on the private practive of medicine and the probision of hospital service s has alread y dictated many changes . All of the effects of these control s have not been bad . If they truly provide for better patient care at more reasonable costs , they are not difficult to refut e. If they fail to accomplish these prime purposes , the health care industry as a whole may become another inefficient tool of federal bureaucracy . Much of the governmental intrusion has been brought about because of the spiralling costs of health care . These dramatically increased costs have been brought about by the gener al period of inflation and compounded by the public demand for more and better health care services . How have these governmental and social pressures affected our hospital ? 330 1) Because of the many changes in federal government requirements related to the payment for long-term care , we have found it necessary to discontinue this service in our Livingston Manor facility . This building must now be adapted to uses other than long-term patient care for which it was designed. 2) The many pressures brought to bear on physicians have resulted in relatively fewer hospital admissions and greater use of outpatient services. 3) The average census in our hospital in 1964 was 83 patients. During the first six months of 1975, our average daily census was identical to that of more than ten years ago. This is quite surprising , since the number of physicians on the Medical Staff has doubled during the past ten years and the population of Livingston County has increased by over 50 percent. 4) This change in census is partially explained by the reduction in the average length of stay from approximately eight days to less than six days! 5) This reduced length of stay may be explained in several ways . New and improved techniques and treatments do bring about more rapid recovery , much more ambulatory care is provided which eliminates or reduces the need for hospitalization, and admissions are much more selective . 6) Our hospitaJ, like many others , has experienced a fantastic growth in demand for services in many hospital departments . During the past five years alone, we have seen the number of emergency room visits increase from 7,731 to 14,002. In addition, the following figures demonstrate this dramatic growth: 1970 1974 X-Ray Procedures 13,390 21,847 Laboratory Procedures 46,334 80,759 Physical Therapy Treatments 16,234 35,981 Cardiopulmonary Procedures 8,461 22,528 A very significant part of this growth has been in outpatient activity . It should be noted that our Cardiopulmonary Department which provides respiratory therapy did not exist ten years ago, while today this department provides a substantial amount of service to our patients and is recognized as an integral part of the hospital by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals . 7) Room Rates - 1975, Ward, $72.00 per day ; Semi-Private, $77.00; ICU, $156.00. 8) As we move into our bicentennial year, several observations and facts are of interest. The shortage of physicians in the State of Michigan has resulted in the establishment of a new program at Michigan State University which includes both a medical school and a school of osteopathic medicine. Our hospital is involved in a number of important educational programs with both of these new schools. The advent of government required health planning has brought about a need for us to justif y the services and facilities made available to the people of Livingston County. Such planning reflects a variety of pressures to establish absolutely the services which will be made available in the way of emergency medical care and costly services which require highly specialized equipment and personnel to provide them . It becomes essential to avoid duplicating services in the interest of cost containment. It is interesting to note that the progressive patient care concept , which was fostered in our hospital , has undergone considerable change over the years but still does exist in a very viable form . This ma y relate to the fact that our costs of providing health care services to the Livingston County community are generally much lower than in most other parts of the state . During the past three years, further steps have been taken to provide acceptable benefits to the hospital employees whose numbers have increased to approximately 300. Many of these employees are highly trained technicians who work with new, sophisticated equipment which is necessary to p~oyide the kind of health care expected by the people of L1vmgston County. We feel strongly that excellent services are b~ing provided and will be provided in the years to come. We will react appropriately to the social and governmental d~mands so that we can assure the citizens of a continuing viable, effective organization. As was so graphically pointed out in the preceding pages, the need for community input through membership in the hospital corporation and especially participation by conscientious citizens serving on our Board of Trustees is perhaps more important now than ever before. _Today we have a number of new trustees working together with much the same vigor as those who pioneered the "new hospital corporation. During the past three years Dr. James Baad, Mr. James E. Campbell, Mr. Denis Cannaert, Mr. Charles Cobb, Mrs. Mary Griffith, Mr. James Lamb, Mrs. Dona Scott Parker, Dr. Charles Renton, Mrs. Ann Utter, Mr . Roy Westran, and Mrs. Betty Yost have been newly elected to serve on the Board of Trustees . They represent an excellent cross-section of Livingston County and are serving along with our current Chief of Staff, Dr. L. E. (Pat) May. Recent additions to the Senior Active Staff include: W. B. Anderson, D.O.; P.E . Schmitt, M.D.; W.D. Earl, D.O.; W. R. Kellams, D.O.; and A. E. E. Browne, D.O. Their efforts are aided by several "new department directors including: Thomas Glass, Cardiopulmonary; Betty Heitman, Medical Records; Gerald Marks, Physical Therapy; Henry Orth, Radiology; William McCormick, Personnel· and Edward Wiggin, Pharmacy. ' These people, working with those of longer service, are creating future hospital history. Michigan State Sanatorium J:SyH ELEN KENNEDY AND RUTH C. ITSELL The Michigan State Board of Health started asking the Legislature in 1890 to establish a Sanatorium in Michigan to care for tuberculosis patients . By the turn of the century the Michigan State Medical Society had appointed a committee to ask the Legislature for an appropriat10n tor a ::;anatorium. After five years of work the 17th bill before the Senate on June 7, 1905 was one calling for establishment of a state supported TB Hospital. It passed and $20,000.00 was appropriated for the purchase of a site, construction of a Sanatorium and operating expenses for the 1905-6f iscal year. Gov. Fred M. Warner signed the bill, making Michigan one of the first states to adopt legislature for a state supported sanatorium. More than twenty sites were inspected before accepting the offer of 192 acres in 1906. Residents of the small town of Howell had donated money to buy the tract of rolling land about 3 miles southwest of Howell. The land was 1100 feet above sea level forming the highest point of the natural watershed of the lower peninsular . The first buildings were a sixteen bed cottage for patients and a structure to house employees. The Sanatorium was opened in 1907 and admitted the first two patients on September 7, 1907. Dr. Robert L. Kennedy was the first Superintendent. During the first year another sixteen-bed cottage, an eight-bed cottage and an eight-bed infirmary were built. Usually only patients in early states of TB were admitted and permitted to stay six months . If a patient required more hospitalization he had to build a shack-tent at his own expense . Little was done for patients at this time except to isolate them, give them nourishing food, plenty of fresh air, rest and exercise. Medical advantages were secondary to the educational value of Sanatorium care. Patients were expected to return home to become practical missionaries in the cure and prevention of the disease. In July , 1909 Dr. Eugene Pierce of Lake Placid , N.Y. was appointed medical superintendent. During his sixteen years as director the sanatorium was enlarged to a 238-bed instit ution . In 1916 a children's cottage was completed . For many years cottages were considered adequate , but more advanced cases were being admitted and larger buildings were needed. In 1927 the legislature appropriated $500,000f or construction of a central hospital unit and new equipment. A large part of the old sanatorium was torn down as the new structure was built. The new building which is the west wing of the present sanatorium was designed for bed patients . In 1930 the east wing was added and all patients were now in one large building. At this time the nurses home and the laundry were built. The expansion started under the Dr. W.B. Huntley of Ionia and was completed after Dr. G.L. Lesie became superintendent in 1930. When Dr. George Leslie resigned from the sanatorium staff in 1942, Dr. Edward W. Laboe was appointed superintendent. In 1949D r. William S. Fidler took over the position. Dr. Edward W. Gentles was appointed superintendent in 1952 and in 1954 Dr. Fidler returned as superintendent. During this time with the introduction of new drugs, sanatorium treatment became more effective. The TB death rate had dropped 70 percent. There were shorter periods of treatment and fewer relapses . Out-patient services were becoming more important as patients continued their drug therapy at home after leaving the sanatorium. Dr . Marion J . Skronski became Superintendent in 1955 after Dr . Fidler resigned and was there until 1970. From a 16-bed shack sanatorium relying on open air treatment, the Michigan State Sanatorium grew to a 500-bed hospital in less than a half century . Michigan State Sanatorium became well-known as one of the most modern and up-to-date Sanatoriums in the country . No history of the 'OLD' Michigan State San would be complete without a few memories of personal experiences. Some of these are contained in the following postscripts written by several of the former staff members , ex-patients and employees. Helen Swanson Kennedy says this is the way it was in 1927 going to the TB San as a patient. Quite an unusual experience. To be admitted you had to be an ambulant patient , able to walk to and from your meals in the main dining-room , about a city block away. On arrival you were admitted in the main building and taken to the admitting cottage or shack that accommodated then people. You were introduced to the patients , given a book of instructions, your bed number and from there on you were on your own, with some help from other patients . We all slept out of doors on screeded in porches and it was very cold when the weather got down to zero or below. We had crock jugs that we filled with hot water or steamed, and these we put in our beds about one hour before we went to bed. When getting up in the morning we went into a large lobby. Each patient had a locker where she kept her personal belongings, and here she dressed. After a few days we were given x-rays and doctor 's 331 examinations, and some advice on what we should do or not do. We had to do everything for ourselves, making beds and keeping the lobby clean. Each patient had a household chore . We were left alone in the cottage most of the time, and didn't fine it too hard entertaining ourselves . The doctor and nurse would make their routine rounds each morning. A nurse would come twice a day to take our temperature and to hear our complaints. We had to dress three times a day to go to our meals. The first bell of the day would ring at 6:30 a.m . By the way, the bell was on a pole outside the dining room. The cook would come out and ring it by hand . Some times we heard it, and some times we didn't, but usually somebody did hear it and would wake the others . If someone thought it was too cold to get up, we would bring her a slice of cold toast and some fruit. In a half hour 's time we had to be in the dining room to eat. There was always someone late who would have to eat the cold left overs. This was the routine three times a day. There were several cottages and as patients were discharged from other cottages, patients from the admitting cottage would go to that vacancy. Here we were allowed more privileges and our news home was getting more acceptable . It was very hard on some patients as most of us had never been away from home. We didn't have many visitors as most of our homes were one hundred miles or more away . A lot of parents didn't have automobiles at that time . It was in the depression years . As the months went by we had social hours, card parties , movies, church and many Holiday activites . By the time you had been there a year you were well acquainted and feeling better . However, one was always waiting for the day when the doctor would say that your TB is arrested, you can take care of yourself and you can go home. And after three years the day finally came for me to go home. When there was a job opening at the San and an ex-patient was qualified , he was given the first opportunity to fill it. Many jobs were filled that way. This also gave the ex-patient hospital supervision is it was needed. Many of us held and enjoyed our jobs for years. In 1971, I retired after working for the San for 36 years, so maybe having TB wasn't the worst thing that could have happened to me. Thanks to the State of Michigan for helping me in many ways . Glenn Smith As one of the cooks, I started work at the Michigan State San in 1935. There were three licensed men cooks, I started work at the Michigan State San in 1935. There were three licensed men cooks plus 3 or 4 helpers who cooked all the food. All the food was in the raw stage. The patient load varied between 350 to 500, and all employees ate three meals a day. On Holidays special meals were prepared . All kitchen employees helped to prepare from 25 to 40 turkeys , dressing, potatoes and all the trimmings. All meats were good cuts, beef and pork roasts , steaks, pork chops and veal steaks. Vegatables were kept and prepared in a separate room . I can well remember Harry Lamb and Dad Leavenworth argueing by the hour while they worked preparing the vegetables . Pauline Bailey was the Dietitian and she ruled the kitchen . Ten minutes after she finished reprimanding us we were the best employees she ever had . Miss Bailey never held a grudge . She did all the supervising and made out all the work schedules for the kitchen and did all the food odering . I remember Dr. Laboe stopping by the kitchen to give the cooks a little argument and when we were having steak , to be sure his was rare . He liked to stop in at the kitchen to give us a hard time, all in fun, of course . 332 Movies were held once a week in the patient 's dining room . The kitchen employees took turns arranging tables and chairs. There was no over-time pay for this . All kitchen employees worked split shifts. Kenny Tesch was one of the cooks I worked with. He decided in 1974t o retire and Glenn Smith , well I'll just have to grin and bear it until January 1976. William Guy I came to work at the Michigan State San on June 16, 1941 as a baker. And it takes some baking to make 90 pies for one meal , or maybe 65 dozen cookies or 10 sheet cakes . During my years at the San I must have baked hundreds of thousands of pies, cookies, cakes, dinner and sweet rolls , cupcakes and sheet cakes . When I first came there were 440 patients and 250 employees . However, I liked baking and even weathered the " white glove" inspection of the superintendent, Dr. George Leslie. Then Pearl Harbor came and the cooks, Glenn and Elmer Smith , John and Junior Beeman and Kenny Texch and Art Krych left for service. They were replaced by Bill Masters , Frank Utter, Fred Myers , Red Beeman and several others from the Boy's School in Lansing. Then the rationing started and I had to bake with lard and bacon drippings, using honey and syrup for sweetners, but we all got through it okay. The cooks got home safely and everything was all right for several years. The next upset was remodeling the kitchen which took two years to complete , but we all managed to live through that too. The break-through on T.B. came with discovery of new drugs and the number of patients slowly dwindled . Finally the San was taken over by the Department of Public Health as the home for the mentally retarded , and was known as the Howell State Hospital, more recently renamed Hillcrest Center, when taken over by the Dept. of Mental Health . On February 28, 1973 William Guy decided to say "Amen" to baking, hang up his apron and retire . I like being a retired baker . Maxine Quinn When I came to the San to work in 1940 Fred Howlett was Steward . I worked half days for Nettie E. Miller, Cashier , helping her and registering the new TB patients . The other half day I worked for Dora Spencer in the Accounting Office. When Dora Spencer left, I took her place. In 1943 when Henry Robb became Steward I became his secretary and transferred to the Business Office. I enjoyed working in the Business Office which consisted mostly of purchasing items not furnished by the Sanatorium farm . These were typed on a Requisition and submitted to the State Purchasing Department in Lansing. The Buyer there would put these items out on bids and usually purchased them at the most reasonable price. A large farm was operated to provide beef, pork, chickens , eggs, fruit and vegetables for the hospital. All farm work, until later years, was done with horses. A registered Holstein herd provided all the milk supply . The herd name was " Michsan " and then two other names were added , so that most female employees had a namesake . Up until the time the new heating plant was built, the old plant was located near the lake at the foot of the hill and coal was hauled from Howell railroads with a team of horses . Four trips a day were made , making a full days work by the time it was loaded and unloaded . After the new wings of the hospital were constructed , all medical services were moved to that area , leaving space for offices and employee housing. Most rooms were about 8 feet by 10 feet. Fourteen employees lived in one wing. Only one bathtub was available, but with different shifts being worked, there were no problems . In the 40's and gas being rationed we supplied our own entertainment and never Jacked for something to do. How times have changed since the 30's. John Quinn, who later became my husband , was working in the kitchen as a dish washer (by hand ) ; the dietitian found a piece of egg on a plate and fired him. When leaving the kitchen he met the Medical Superintendent who asked what he was doing off the job. John explained that he had just been fired, but would like to go down on the farm and drive a team . The Superintendent said, "Well, go down and go to work." How different from today's procedures. John, who began working at the San in 1928 had a variety of jobs, from kitchen , farm, orderly to truck driver . In later years he also drove the bus, transporting employees and patients from the San to Howell for shopping. He also shopped for those patients who were unable to be up and permitted to go shopping. John retired in 1962 after 32 years continuous service. Seems as if there was less stress in years past-time could always be found for a practival joke. Henry Robb was the Business Manager and it was April 1st (April Fools Day) . A fake call was placed to him saying the call was from State Purchasing in Lansing in regards to rationing points on food. He was asked that an inventory be made of the food in the storeroom and convert it to ration points ; also how many points had been used in past two years and give number of points needed for next three years . This would have been almost an impossible task and he was made to believe it had to be completed in two days . He " stewed" for a while and threatened to resign and so forth. Dr . Laboe, Medical Superintendent , was told of the prank and he joined in the fun. For years thereafter , we were leary of April 1st and what " prank " we might have played on us. In the 40's there was not much turn-over in employment. All the Civil Service transactions were also handled in our office, along with interviews and so forth . Upon Mr. Robb's retirement, Clint Whalen who had been head of the Accounting Office, was promoted to Business Executive and I worked with him. Clint retired in July 1975 and I retired in August 1975.W hen I came to work at the San I was Maxine Phippeny and when I left I was Maxine Quinn. These are the recollections of Thomas A. Barton, M.D. who came to the Howell State Sanitorium in July of 1948. After having graduated from the University of Michigan Medical School in June of 1945 and completing internship at St. Lawrence Hospital in Lansing , my orders to active duty with the United States Navy at San Diego were cancelled by the discovery of active pulmonary tuberculosis . After taking the cure at the Ingham County Sanitarium, I went to work at the Pontiac State Sanitarium in 1947 and transferred to the Howell State Sanitarium in July of 1948. My four years at the Howell State Sanitorium, as I look back on them now, were a period in time of significant radical changes in the management of pulmonary tuberculosis as , a) the cottage-pavilion type of management by bedrest , adequate diet , and collapse therapy, was soon to be replaced by the management of patients with antituberculosis drugs and resection of the diseased portions of the lungs, and, b) thus setting the stage for the closing down of acute hospital beds in the management of pulmonary tuberculosis . On the coming to the Howell State Sanitorium after having been hired by a very dynamic hospital administrator, (and I have never seen a more dynamic one) Doctor Edward Laboe, I made the acquaintance of the staff which consisted of Doctor Edward Finch , deceased 1949, Doctor Walter Whitehouse who is now Chairman of the Department of Roentgenology and Radiology at the University of Michigan, Doctor Fred Fidler, chest specialist , deceased 9-5-75, and Doctor Mildred B. Nicholas, employee of the State Health Department. The 400 bed hospital received patients from all over the state but primarily from the area north of Detroit to just below Gaylord and Kalamazoo . There were other state facilities for the care of tuberculosis patients in those areas . There was usually a waiting list for admissions and the discharge of patients was at a very slow rate. Surgical consultations were had weekly with the Depart - ment of Thoracic Surgery of the University of Michigan at the Howell State Sanitarium . Here the great doctors , John Alexander and Cameron Haight , of world renowned reputation, consulted with the Howell State Sanitorium staff regarded the management of their patients . The patient , if acceptable for collapse form of therapy , would be tran - sferred to University Hospital, the surgery performed , and when well enough, he was transferred back to continue his care at the Howell State Sanitorium . I was assigned the third floor male ward and the children 's ward on the first floor as my responsibility of caring for patients . During the course of three years I was able to effect a complete turnover in the number of patients. One should appreciate that this was an increased rapid rate as compared with the recent past. It undoubtedly was helped by the war being over and materials and medical supplies being more abundant was well as the advent of that marvelous drug , Streptomycin , discovered by Selsman Wakesman of Rutgers University in New Jersey. It was this anti-tuberculosis drub and the breakthrough of pioneering surgery in which the aforementioned leaders were able to remove diseased portions of the lung in a safe manner and have the patients become free of their pulmonary tuberculosis , that accelerated our cur e rat e during the course of my stay at the Howell State Sanitarium . Doctor Fidler had charge of the women's ward , Doctor Whitehouse had charge of the second floow men's ward , and Doctor Finch conducted the out-patient examinations when the discharged patients would return at monthly or three month intervals for check up examinations . Doctor Nicholas ran one of the women's wards . Additions to our staff during my stay were Doctor Robert Polack with whom I later practiced for seventeen years in the general practice of medicine in Howell and who is now operating a Primary Care Department at the Burns Clinic in Petoskey , and Doctor Walter Meier of Monroe, Michigan, who came and stayed for several years and left in around 1953 to go into private practice in Monroe, where he remains today. Doctor Edward Laboe retired around 1945 and is still very active although retired in his home town of Monroe, Michigan. Doctor icholas is still functioning with the State Health Depart - ment. Doctor Robert Elliott, a psychiatrist , was with us for a year at the Howell facility and is now practicing his specialty in Detroit. At one time , with the aforementioned men , we did have one of the most active and vigorous staffs pursuing the annihilation of tuberculosis as was present in the midwest. The aggre ssive management mentioned above combined with the advent of new drugs, made the cure more rapid and certain and ultimately laid the ground work for the phasing out of the acute beds in many of the tuberculosis institutions in the state . The disease as had been predicted , was diminishing rapidl y. Patients now are treated for three or four months or less in an acute bed hospital with combinations of antimicrobial drugs and surger y, if necessary , and then permitted to continue care on an outpatient basis . This has 333 certainly been a wonderful advent and permits the patient to return to his own home and family and job. With the war over, the farm and dairy herds under the management of Basil White, were sold and disbursed and the gardening with production of fruits and vegetables for the Sanitorium , were discontinued . No longer would these provide avenues for patients to resume active productive labor in as much as it was not felt to be prudently wise from a financial stand point. Many of the pavilions which had been used earlier for cottage type of care of patients, were demolished as renovations of the large 400 bed hospital were made. Miss Annie Rekowski, it seemed to many of us, must have been the head of the Nursing Department when the institution first opened, but she certainly had lost none of her vigor in managing that area during my stay at the hospital. Clint Whalen replaced Henry Robb on his retirement as the head steward who actually had more to do with the day to day operation of the institution than did the administrator who was more devoted to overall policy decisions in the medical aspect of operating the facility. Kenny Tesch and Glenn Smith were the head chefs and only recently has Glenn retired . Emery Velm, with the assistance of Art Krych, operated the X-Ray Department. Miss Nettie Miller, everyone connected with the institution in the past would remember as being in charge of payroll. Pauline Bailey was in charge of the rather extensive medical as well as patient library. Les White was in charge of the grounds and I always remember the Queen Anne's cherry trees at the end of the parking lot which nobody seemed to pay any attention to until I started picking them one year when the cherries were especially delicious. Foster Phillips was in charge of the commissary and I also remember an excellent butcher by the name of Charles Markoff who would cut the Jamb chops to any size you wished . I gradually became acquainted with the men on the grounds in as much as our children, Tom Jr ., Michael and David, rode around in the trucks with them, especially the wonderful John Quinn whom they all remember. Ralph Hawkins was the carpenter and he always had time to do something for the boys as they went down over the hills to his department. John Sherwood, the electrician extraordinary, happens to be a patient of mine and whom I remember when we first came to the institution in that our apartment on the hill needed some electrical work done and when he came over to do it, we spent the better part of an hour getting acquainted. All in all, I would be remiss if I did not recall Erwin Duchane who retired , I believe , and has worked in Bob's Pharmacy in Howell over the twenty-three years that I have been in private practice in Howell. I also recall Pearl Galloway who was in charge of housekeeping. I am sure now as I look back , that there are probably many people whom I have left out in my recollections at this time, but whom I would know if I should happen to see them or hear their names. It was certainly not done intentionally. I can only say that it is with fond memories that I look back on the leisurely medical life that my wife Inez and I had as we spent four of our first years of marriage at the Michigan State Sanitorium in Howell. Many firm friends are still present in the Howell area and it is only through our contacts at the Howell Sanitorium that we had an opportunity to make these friendships. The institution no longer is used for the treatment of pulmonary tubercolosis because of the aforementioned manner in which the disease has been controlled. It has been converted to the care of the mentally disabled and is called Hillcrest Center and is now under the able management of Doctor Frank Detterbeck. 334 THE MICHIGAN STATE SANATORIUM As I Remember It By EDWARD W. LABOE, M.D. My first visit to the City of Howell and the Michigan State Sanatorium occurred when I was a medical student in 1928. I came for the day as an assistant to the surgeon from the University of Michigan Thoracic Surgery Division who was operating at the sanatorium that day . I next visited in June 1934 when I applied for a position on the medical staff . I reported for duty on June 17 and for the next twenty years, except for two short leaves, I played a minor role in the great drama, which saw tuberculosis controlled, and in which the Michigan State Sanatorium played a great roll. A drama, the successful ending of which, sounded the death knell for the sanatorium. The story of the care and treatment of the tuberculosis patient can be divided into three periods, approximate dates being before 1920, 1920 to 1945 and after 1945. The principal type of treatment during each period carried through all subsequent periods but the first gradually diminished as it merged with the next. It should, however, be again noted that the above dates are approximate and apply to treatment in general usage at the time. For example, pneumothorax in the treatment of tuberculosis was instituted in 1882 but not widely used until the 1920's. The first era of treatment, characterized as the rest , diet and fresh air period, is known locally as the "shack period." I know nothing personally about treatment limited to these measures only, but it met with some success. Some employees at the " san, " who were my contemporaries , had been treated and their disease arrested by these means. During that second period collapse therapy was dominant. The principle involved here was the collapsing and putting to rest an affected lung by artificial pneumothorax, effected by introducing air between the lung and chest wall, or by thoracoplasty in which a permanent collapse was induced by surgical removal of ribs. Several other minor procedures or modifications of the above were also used . These measures , together with rest and diet began to show better results as seen by a decrease in the number of admissions and shorter periods of hospitalization . The year 1945m arks the beginning of the use of drugs in the treatment program . Actually it was 1947 before the use of drugs began at the Michigan State Sanatorium. The first drug used was streptomycin ( strept ). It 's specific effect in inhibiting tuberculosis was first demonstrated in 1944 and 1945. Next, para-amino salicylic acid (P .A.S.) was introduced in 1946. In 1952 a gread advance was made with the introduction of another drug , isonicotinic acid hydrazide (isoniazid or inah). Results obtained with these drugs, rarely seen with other methods of treatment became the rule . At the same time , because of the protection afforded by these drugs , excisional surgery, with the actual removal of the affected parts became a standard procedure. By the mid 1950's use of the above drugs was the principal method of treatment. It was soon found that infectious patients became non-infectious after a very short period on the drugs and that treatment could be carried on at home. Thus ended the need for long term care in a sanatorium. Some other drugs were also used but it was the closing of the Michigan State Sanatorium . When I first began work at M.S.S. there was a waiting list for admission of approximately 200 patients . To be placed on the waiting list it was necessary to present a chest x-ray with the application. If , after a study of the film, it was adjudged that the patient could benefit by treatment his name was placed on the waiting list. If he was considered hopeless, it was not. By 1940 that waiting list was zero and space was available for all cases. But we still maintained well over 400 hospital beds. After the drug treatment period reached its apex in the early 50's, the decrease in the number of patients accelerated and the " san" closed in 1957. My stay at the sanatorium can best be divided into two parts, the one as a staff physician, the other as medical director. The first began at the time collapse therapy was nearing its peak, and the second terminated in 1953 close to the end of the existence of the sanatorium that I had known. At the time it was difficult to foretell the year but it was clear that a new era in the care and treatment of tuberculosis was at hand. I have always been gregarious and always enjoyed working with people, and I liked medical practice in the sanatorium setting. Working on the wards of a hospital for long term care, where one sees the same patients day after day for weeks, months, or ever years might be expected to become boring. I never found it so. On looking back, I can say that these were as happy as any years of my life. Staff physicians rotated weekend duty every five to six weeks from 12 noon Saturday to 8 a.m. Monday. During this time all calls were answered and complete rounds were made on Sunday mornings. I particularly liked there periodic visits with all patients . I started early about 5 a.m. and tried to finish in time for church services held in the patient's dining room at 7 a.m. Patients always seemed happier and more cheerful on these days. Maybe it was because it was Sunday and friends and relatives were expected to visit or maybe just the change in the daily routine was welcome. For the most part , the majority of patients led reasonably happy lives in spite of the long hospital stays. They were ever ready for a joke or a prank as illustrated by the following: I had the happy faculty of retaining a mental image of the changes seen on an x-ray film after having reviewed it several times and could frequently glance at a film and name the patient. One Sunday morning a girl from my home town of Monroe, Michigan asked me if I knew or recognized her. I answered that I did not but that if I could see her chest I might be able to name her . Without any hesitancy whatever, she flipped up her pajama coat and asked, "Now what is my name?" Amidst the uproar and laughter in that 10 bed ward, I was desperately trying to explain that I meant her chest x-ray, not her chest, while at the same time getting a preview of what a topless bar maid of the 60's and 70's was to look like. World War II was well under way when I was appointed medical director. Stress, anxiety, frustration and almost hopelessnes s were now frequently experienced. Employees were taken into the armed forces. New employees were almost non-existant. Supplies were difficult to get and often delayed. Gas rationing was directly responsible for one of the first big problems encountered. We were affiliated with the Thoracic Surgery Department of the University of Michigan Hospital, where all our major surgery was done. Due to gas rationing, relatives of patients were no longer able to get to Ann Arbor to donate blood of which 2 to 3 units were necessary for each major case. The University Hospital advised us that they would no longer accept our patients unless we established an account at their blood bank and had sufficient credit on hand before the transfer was made . This required 10 to 12 pints each week. With the help of many friends, expecially Jim Robb of Howell and Jim Daugherty of Brighton, we kept that blood quota at a point where no patient was ever turned away. Out chief source of new male employees was through Gus Harrison, now administrator of the state lottery . At the time Gus was with the State Prison System and one of his duties was to locate jobs for paroled convicts . He could send us quantity but not quality and the turnover was excessive. This coupled with unreliable help compounded our problems. For example, one Monday morning , Miss Rekowski, our superintendent of nurses, came to my office weeping. She stated that on ward 2 West, a unit caring for 70 patients, only one employee had reported for work. What could she do? I told her not to tell me her troubles as I had plenty of my own. She came in weeping; she left weeping. I don't think I helped her . In the fall of 1946, I had my first opportunity to observe the results obtained by the use of streptomycin. Much of the early use of this drug was confined to Veterans Administration Hospitals where studies to try to determine optimal dose and length of treatment were being done. The cases I reviewed were from one of these facilities. The improvement that occurred in a short period of time was almost unbelievable, almost miraculous . By 1947 mass production had reduced the price of the drug to three dollars a gram and it was available for general use . We decided to use the drug first on patients undergoing major surgery and the dose and length of treatment was to be three grams daily for thirty days at a cost of $300.00. But there was no money in our drug account for this additional expense, and would not be until the new fiscal year beginning July 1. For a month or two only those patients who could pay for the drug themselves were treated. This was totally unsatisfactory. Under the regulations of the State Budget Department, it was possible to transfer funds from one account to another if assurance could be given that the first account would not run short. A search was begun for some means of making such a transfer . The Sanatorium operated a farm with a large swine and dairy herd . Fat hogs and cows culled from the dair y herd were marketed through the usual commercial channels and the money received went to the general fund of the state, not for our use. Why not use our own meat and thus free funds from the food budget for the purchase of streptomycin? The plan was put in operation. Slaughtering facilities were built and our meat refrigerators filled to capacity. I still have a mental picture of those huge old dairy cows stretching from the ceiling to the floor without much evidence of fat on their carcasses. Henry Robb, our business manager, and I now approached the Budget Department for a transfer of funds from the food to the drub account. Our first contact was with the assistant who had enough meat on hand to permit a tranfer of some money to the drub account without endangering the food budget. Our plan fell on deaf ears. An appointment was then obtained with the Budget Director personally . Although he was quite skeptical, he reluctantly agreed to the transfer. As we left, the assistant remarked , "If you wish to feed your patients streptomycin, it is all right with me but don't let your food requests go one cent over the allotment." Thus, sufficient funds were obtained to treat all patients for whom streptomycin was recommended for the remainder of the fiscal year. And that is why hamburger and beef stew were served so often during the months of May and June 1947. Soon after the war was over former employees began returning. Supplies were again obtainable and new employees were available as needed. All aspects of life were now more enjoyable . This atmosphere continued throughout the remainder of my stay at the Sanatorium. As I look back on these years, I derive much satisfaction from having witnessed first hand the control of this tragic disease which had taken many lives. 335 The milk plant was one of the greatest industries in H~ell History . It h ired many people and sh i pped condensed milk all oyer Mi h. It was a tragedy when it burned in 1906. Photo shows the clean up crew several days later . Tragedy Struc In , November 1907 a train went through Howell headed south . Another train lef1 Ann Arbor about the same time . It was late at night and it was a one track line . About 3 : 20 a .m . they met at Lakeland between Howell and Ann Arbor. This picture shows the result . I I f ' In 1951 a train derailed passing through Howelt -orr the G&O track. This picture looking north to Maple and Walnut Streets shows many of the 47 cars which were demolished . I This was thought of as heavy equipment at the turn of the century. Reassembling box cars ofter a train wreck. Aftermath of the great fire of 1892. Looking north across Grand River between Michigan and State Street . All but a row of buildings on State St. were demolished. ..-.-.. ,-----•iw•1..•.•.· ·····---- -·ll!Q!-"-. ·- - · - ,. • The Fire Deparbnent tt:I The Fire Deparbnent By PAUL B. STRENG The preservation of life and the protection of property from the ravages of fire has been the responsibility of a very select group of men. Less than 200 in number, during their century of service this chapter is dedicated to the men whom have served Howell as volunteer firemen. The Howell Fire Department was born of necessity . A 346 Fire Deparbnent Coordinator Paul B. Streng was born in Howell , January 8, 1949. He attended Howell Public Schools , Ferris State College and Michigan State University where he is currently the Media Coor . dinator in the Department of Psychiatry . Paul is also an instructor for the Mich - igan Fire Fighters Training Council and the University of Michigan Fire and Disas. ter Training Center . He serves as training officer and arson investigator for the Howell Fire Depart. ment . He also serves on the Legislative Committee of the Michigan State Firemens Association . heritage shared by most fire departments in this country . Although the Village of Howell was fortunate in its first 20 years to experience only three or four fires . Two of these fires consumed Chandler & Kneeland's Saw-Mill and Smith & Filkin 's Foundry both in the early 1850's. The first fire that inflicted severe loss to the community occurred September 28, 1857. This fire destroyed the first building erected in 1835o n the original plat of the village , The Eagel Hotel. Before the fire was contained nearly the entire line of buildings on the south side of Grand River between Michigan Avenue (then East Street ) and Walnut Street were consumed . The following account appeared in the next issue of The Democrat : "A destructive fire broke out in this village at about seven o'clock on Monday evening . It commenced in the 'livery barn, ' near Huntley 's (Eagle ) Hotel, which was soon wrapped in flames. The wind was blowing strongly from the northwest. Mr. Huntley 's barn caught next, then his hotel, then Balcom 's saloon, then Treadwell 's saloon, and then the " Old Stage-House. ' All of these buildings were consumed by the flames in about one hour and a half, in spite of the efforts of the citizens . The progress of the fire could not have been arrested here, had they not pulled down the four small buildings that stood on the east part of the same block. Owing to the high winds there was great danger of a large portion of the village being swept away . The burning cinders set fire to buildings nearly half a mile distant, which was happily extinguished. Nearly all of the business men on the south side of Grand River Street , as far down as Vanderhoof 's Hotel, removed their propert y into the street , which afforded a fine opportunity for thieving , and this the thieves employed . " No one can account for the origin of the fire. The heaviest loss occurs to Mr. Huntley, who has lost his all. His loss is estimated at $5000. Balcom 's saloon was worth about $300, Judge Kneeland 's building about$800. Judge Whipple's about $800, and the four small buildings pulled down were worth about $1000. The barn, where the fire originated, was owned by Mr. Green, of Detroit; loss about $200. There was no insurance on any of the buildings . Most of the personal property was saved; much of it in a damaged state from the rashness of men. " Three years passed before conflagration again attacked Howell. The west side of East Street (Michigan Avenue) south of Grand River was the site of a fire on February 22, 1860. A number of buildings including the Phoenix Foundry and machine shop were destroyed . The Republican of February 28, 1860 gave the following account : "Our village on Wednesday morning last again felt the ravages of the most destructive conflagration we have ever before experienced. The loss of property will not only be deeply felt by the owners and occupants of the various buildings destroyed, but will very much affect the business prospects of the village, and the interests of the farmers and others in this vicinity, who have relied for nearly every useful implement of labor upon the shops, of which nothing now remains but a heap of ashes. The fire originated in the foundry and machine-shop of A. W. Smith & Co., which was totally destroyed. From thence it crossed the intervening space of about sixty feet to the carriage-shop of William R. Melvin, which, together with the blacksmith-shop attached, were almost instantly in flames. These latter were connected with the shed and barn occupied by the Stage Company, and also the barn occupied by William E. Huntley & Don, all of which were owned by E. E. Hazard . The barns being old and filled with hay were soon on fire, and at this time it appeared as though nothing short of a miracle could save the store on the corner owned by W. B. Smith, and occupied by Jewett & Crossman; but by the almost superhuman exertions of a portion of the crowd, which by this time had assembled, a part of the rear of the building was removed, and water kept constantly pouring upon it from buckets , so that, although but a few feet from the barn last burned, this building was finally saved, and the ravages of the fire stayed . So far as we have been able to ascertain, the following are the estimates of the various losses: A. W. Smith & Co., loss in building, machinery , stock , tools, etc ., $7200; insured for $4000. William R. Melvin, loss in building, stock, and tools, about $3500,n o insurance ; E. E. Hazard, two barns and shed, about $1000; W. B. Smith , damage of building about $200, no insurance ; Jewett& Crossman, loss in removal of goods, about $400, insured ; J. I. Van Dusen, stock, etc., in the machineshop, about $125. The cause of the fire is not known, though it is generally supposed to have been the work of an incendiary, from the fact that when first discovered it was some distance from the stove, the only place where there had been any fire during the day ; also, we understand, the south door of the building was found to be unfastened, though securely locked by Mr. Van Dusen , who closed the shop for the night about eight o'clock. The severest loss is sustained by Mr. Melvin and Mr. Hazard , and particularly the former , who had, by energy and perseverance , made himself proprietor of a carriage and wagon-shop second to none in the state. " With characteristic energy, however, Mr. Melvin commenced a new building while the embers of the old were still burning , and two days had not elapsed ere the 'anvil chorus ' was ringing in his new shop." Thus far no organized fire brigade served the community. The only means available for arresting the progress of a fire was to pull down the threatened buildings, spread wet blankets and carpets on roofs, and throw water from buckets. On March 6, 1860 a meeting of citizens was held to take measures to procure some form of fire apparatus for the village although of valiant beginnings the effort was not carried through . The Articles of Incorporation for the village empowered the Common Council to compel the owners of buildings to procure and maintain fire buckets and ladders. The Articles went on to give the Common Council responsibility to " establish and organize all such fire-companies and hose and hook-and-ladder companies, and to provide them with such engines and other instruments as shall be necessary to extinguish fires and preserve the property of the inhabitants of said village from conflagrations, and to appoint , from among the inhabitants of said village , such number ot men, willing to accept, as may be deemed proper and necessary to be employed as firemen ." January 18, 1868 saw the first Fire Prevention Act in the Village : The Council passed an Ordinance prohibiting the construction of wooden buildings within the village business district. FIRST FIRE APPARATUS The question of obtaining a piece of fire apparatus for the village continued to be "held under advisement" for about 10 years. There was much discussion surrounding the topic including the argument that without an adequate water supply an engine would be of little or no use . Finally on January 24, 1870t he Common Council "Resolved, That Mr. J. L. Stone be authorized to procure for the village of Howell, and deliver the same on or before one month from this date, a fire-engine, called in the printed catalogue 'The Fire King,' and the Common Council will then pay for said engine ; provided that on a fair trial it shall prove to be as good as recommended-that is to say, the said engine shall throw water one hundred and fifty feet at an angle of forty-five degrees, after being forced through fifty feet of hose, and that the machine shall be a first-class machine in workmanship and material. " The trial of this fire engine proved it to be not as good as recommended. Thus " The Fire King" was rejected by the council. The History of Livingston County of 1880 gives the impression that sentiment of the day was one of optimism over the rejection of The Fire King when they said : " ... and there is little doubt that this result was a most fortunate one for the village of Howell, for it included the adoption of a different and (for this place at least) a more efficient fire-apparatus ." On January 3rd, 1874 the council resolved "That the Champion Fire Extinguisher now here on trial be purchased for the sum of $2000.00; $1000.00t o be paid in six months from date, and $1000.00in eighteen months from date; and that the president and recorder issue their orders accordingly." The Champion Fire Extinguisher was strictly a chemical engine with no provisions for pumping water. This is the reason it was felt to be more practical for the needs of the village at the time. CHAMPION FIRE CO. NO. 1 After procuring a piece of fire apparatus it was necessary for the council to fulfill its charge and form a fire company . They did so on January 14th, 1874w hen the Common Council: " Resolved, That the following-named persons be constituted a fire-company , to wit: John Neary, John McCloud, William F. Griffith, Patrick Hammill, Thomas Clark , Leonard Fishbeck, George Harrington, Perley Skilbeck, 347 Frank Ackerman , Frank Archer, Charles G. Jewett, Mark Rubert , Homer Beach , Theodore Huntley , E. A. Young, Thomas McEwen, Henry Wilber, Peter Clark , Burt F. Parsons , Edward Waldron, H. F. Browning , Edward Greenaway, F. G. Hickey , H. G. Sellman , William Beattie, George L. Clark , G. S. Burgess, R.H . Brown, Cassius Austin, Thomas G. Switzer. " The next day these men met and organized as "Champion Fire Company No. 1 of Howell." And so 17 years after the Eagle Hotel fire awakened the community to the need for an organized force to protect against the dangers of fire, that protection was a reality. The following is a list of the first officers of " Champion Fire Company No. l " : John Neary , Foreman ; Thomas Clark , First Assistant Foreman ; Edward Waldron , Second Assistant Foreman ; R. H. Brown, Pipeman ; John McCloud, Second Pipeman ; E. A. Young, Superintendent of Chemicals ; Henry Wilber, Assistant Superintendent of Chemicals ; William F. Griffith , Secretary ; Patrick Hammill , Treasurer . ORIGINAL FIRE STATION Once the fire company was organized it became necessary to procure a place to store the apparatus and chemicals also to provide a place for the firemen to meet. ' May 24, 1875 saw the Common Council pass a resolution to purchase from William McPherson & Sons a lot on the west side of East Street (Michigan Avenue ) north of Grand River. The property was 25 feet wide facing East Street and 50 feet deep . The purchase price was $875.00 payable in three equal payments . Mr. H. Halbert , a councilman, was appointed building committee and was instructed to: " to do all acts and things relative to said building of an engine-house that in his judgment shall be expedient, and that he complete the same as soon as practicable , in such manner and style as shall be appropriate." The original fire station The contract for the engine house was awarded to Franklin Kelly on July 6, 1875. The work was completed in the fall and settled on October 29, 1875 as follows : Amount of contract ... . ... . .. . .... . .. .... . .... . ... .. $2857.17 Cistern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.00 Other extras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.35 Total cost $2917.52 This price included ev·erything but the fire bell that was used to call the firemen to the alarms. It was purchased soon afterward . 348 Soon after the engine house was completed the Common Council hired a night watchman to guard against undetected fire . Howell was again fortunate for a period of 12 years as no major fires were reported . On Saturday evening, March 12, 1887, Andrew Whitaker and Burr Montague had closed their respective businesses and were on their way home . As they approached the Monroe Block at the corner of Grand River and State Streets they discovered a fire . The history of Howell of 1911 explained it this way: In an instant the entire Monroe Block was in flames and the fire spread very rapidly to adjoining buildings . E . P . Gregory who was then village president , telephoned to Ann Arbor and Lansing for help, and both of those cities responded promptly with steamers. Before they arrived , however , the Greenaway block which stood at the west end of the square where the fire started , fell inward with a crash , thus making it possible to confine the fire to one square which could not have been done if it had fallen outward. The burned district covered the entir e square of business blocks, except four small two-stor y buildings in the north-east corner. The loss was a very large one and divided among over thirty people and firms . Up until this time there are no indications that anyone lost their life in a fire . That record was maintained until October 2nd, 1892. The fire broke out in the basement of Isaac Bush 's Grocer y on Grand River between State Street and North Michigan. The Republican gives the account: Wednesday at one o'clock large volumes of smoke were seen issuing from the basement of the co-operative store on the north side of Grand River street. The store had been in charg e of Frank Holden, but the goods have just been sold to Isaac W. Bush. The fire engine responded promptly to the alarm and was soon doing valiant work in subduing the smothered flames . Hundreds of willing men were soon carrying water and throwing it under and on the floor as best they could. The volume of smoke was so great that the fire could not be exactly located . In the mean time the goods from H. C. Briggs ' jewelry store on the east side , and F. K. Johnson 's drug store were moved out and carried to the courthouse square . In Ed McDaniel's saloon on the west side , things were put in shape to be moved at a moment's notice . The goods in Hickey & Goodnow's were rolled up ready to be moved . The smoke was so dense that nothing could be done in the Herald printing office over the store . The origin of the fire is shrouded in mystery , as the first seen of it was in the basement. The basement was filled with boxes , egg-crates and loose lumber . At 2: 30 the flames gained the mastery of the heroic work of the fire department , and broke out in front of the store and soon after at the rear . It was evident that nothing could save the store . The work of moving goods from the rest of the block now commenced in good earnest. The Democrat printing office is located at the rear of the burning store on Winans ' avenue . Everything movable was taken out and the cases of type were carried to the basement of the courthouse . Hickey & Goodnow's double store was emptied as soon as possible . The goods were also moved from Monroe Bros . on the corner of the block. As soon as the fire broke out it was seen that the whole block of six of the best stores in the city were in imminent danger . The fire department at Lansing was telephoned and promptl y responded with the best engine at close hand. At 3 o'clock word was received that the engine was on the way. In the meantime every effort was being made to subdue the increasing flames . The engine did noble work and hundreds were carrying water in pails . The streets were filled with The champion fire extinguisher during the fire of 1892. anxious people and moving goods. Drays, wagons, wheelbarrows , everything that could be used was pressed into service . At three o'clock the fire broke from the Reynolds ' building into McDaniels ' saloon, and in an incredible short time the adjoining stores of Hickey & Goodnow were in flames. The goods were not yet all removed and everybody was busy at the work ; suddenly the upper floor gave way , and Mrs. Hickey , Emma and Carrie Weibrecht were caught in the crash ; men near by rushed in and rescued them from the burning debris. How seriously they were hurt cannot be learned in the excitement. Mrs . Hickey was rescued with difficulty and was considerably injured. Mr. Hickey, it was thought at first, was caught in trying to rescue her. He was afterwards seen with his sleeves torn off and his hands bleeding . Emma Weibrecht was hurt on the head, and hair, badly scorched . Carrie, the bookkeeper , escaped with a bruised hand and it is thought without serious harm . Those caught in the fire were on the first floor when the second floor fell in. The first floor gave way and let them into the basement surrounded with bricks , beams and burning timbers. In addition to those mentioned above were Chas. Goodnow, one of the proprietors ; Al Cook, Ora Beach and John Culver. Mr. Goodnow now thinks he did not go to the bottom of the basement. Light soon began to appear as the smoke and falling debris began to break away . He noticed Mrs. Hickey , who was caught fast in the timbers, reaching out her hands and calling for help . In some way he escaped somewhat hurt about the head , with hands and face covered with blood. Other s rescued Mrs . Hickey . Al Cook escaped , but was taken home seriously hurt ; Ora Beach jumped from the wreck without injury ; Frank Bailey and James Martin were also on the second floor, but just beyond the sinking part. John Culver was seriously hurt. The first report that Frank Hickey had escaped from the fire s is now at four o'clock , much in doubt as no one has been a ble to find him . The crowd was almost panic stricken as the report spread that Mr. Hickey was under the ruins ; diligent search was made , but without avail. At 4:15 the walls of the Greenaway building occupied by Monroe Bros. on the west side of the block fell into the street toward 0 . J . Parkers . It was then thought that the danger was probably over. At 4: 30 the Lansing engine arrived and did good work in controlling the fire. The danger was practically over when they arrived . The Fowlerville fire department sent chemicals and help. The total loss on goods and buildings will probably reach $50,000. It is the same block that was destroyed five years ago. F.G . Hickey and E .D. Wines, two prominent businessmen lost their lives in the fire as they tried to rescue stock from their business establishments . Stores and business places of the city were closed for their funeral services as " the entire population of the community paid tribute. " The needs for more extensive fire protection was accentuated by this fire. This need was somewhat satisfied with the erection of the water works system in 1894, as fire hydrants now served a major portion of the village . Although the exact date cannot currently be ascertained it was about this time that a hose reel on wheels was purchased and " made a complete revolution in the department's equipment. " The chemical engine was kept for use in the districts without water mains . Along with a more modern approach to fighting fire came the reorganizaion of the fire department itself . The champion fire company No. 1 was dissolved and a new organization "The Howell Fire Company of the Village of Howell , Michigan " was formed July 1st, 1895. This group was comprised of 11 men of which W.R. Knapp was chief. This company was a close knit group , in that to become a member one would be required to,pay an initiation fee and be recommended by a current member . 349 After these preliminaries the company as a whole would vote on a candidate for membership. This practice continued until about 1965. The company established the first Wednesday of each month at 7: 30 p.m . as their meeting time . The duties of members were well spelled out in their constitution and by-laws as Article XII of that document illustrates. ARTICLE XII DUTIES OF MEMBERS AT FIRES SEC. 1. It shall be the duty of each member on every alarm of fire to repair immediately to the engine house and assist in conveying the hose to the fire unless on his way he be credibly informed of its removal , in which case he shall proceed to the fire . No order shall be given by any member of the company except by the Captain, who shall receive his order from the Chief or Assistant , in which case the first one at the engine house shall take charge of the company until the arrival of the Captain or one of his assistants . SEC. 2. No member of the company shall deliver any of the property of the company to any person other than one belonging to the company , unless ordered by the Chief. SEC. 3. No member shall forcibly take the pipes from either of the pipemen , nor shall any member deliver the pipes to any person other than one belonging to the company. No member shall cause any altercation or disturbance , or use any profane or indecent language while on duty or at meetings. SEC. 4. It shall be the duty of each member to remain with the hose at a fire , to preserve silence and order as much as possible ; paying strict attention to the orders of the presiding officer , and to remain with the hose cart until it is returned to the place where it is kept , and until the company is dismissed , unless ordered away , or leave of absence is obtained from the officer in command. Any violation of this rule shall be reported by the commanding officer to the company , and upon the conviction of the person so charged , he shall pay the sum of one dollar . A majority of the votes given shall be necessary to convict. Immediately after a fire , it shall be the duty of the company to put their hose cart in readiness to be taken out at any moment. The fire bell. 350 The company was alerted to an alarm of fire by a large bronze bell which hung in the bell tower above the engine house. It is unclear at this time as to who was responsible for sounding the alarm , especially during the day. Compensation for the company was as follows; the Chief received $25 per year and the other 10 members split $150. The growth of the fire department coupled to the growth of other village departments lead to the following account appearing in the History of Howell of 1911. " It is worthy of note that this building was only what was considered necessary for use of the fire department at that time, with the addition of a Council Room. Since then the department 's facilities have doubled and more ; the street commissioner 's tools and supplies are stored in the building ; the electrical shop has driven the fire department out of its hall for meeting purposes ; and several other things have found headquarters there. The result of this crowding has developed a feeling on the part of the department that it is not properly appreciated and its condition is one dangerously near disorganization. As no ground can be purchased for an addition to the present building, there is a growing sentiment for the sale of the present building and the erection of a new one adequate for present needs ." The Village did in fact in 1910 (after the History of Howell of 1911w ent to press ) purchase the current City Hall building on the southeast corner of North Michigan and Clinton Streets . The Fire Department occupied the northwest corner with a single door facing North Michigan. The Fire Department in 1910. Major fires continued to assault the community with their tragic results . During Thursday night in the last week in April, 1913, the Michigan Condensed Milk Factory (Bruce Products ) was destroyed by fire . Clarence Hornung , the son of Mr. and Mrs . George Hornung , lost his life in the fire. Howell was a community suffering growing pains with regards to providing services expected and sometimes demanded by its residents . To meet the challenge , Howell was incorporated as a city in 1915. The Fire Department reorganized for a third time in 1915. It then became known as the City of Howell Fire Department. With this reorganization came more modernization , specifically a fire alarm box system . The system , purchased from the Gamewell Fire Alarm Telegraph Company of New York, consisted of fire alarm boxes mounted on various street corners throughout the city . The boxes were connected to a gong and a paper tape punch recorder located in the steam powered water plant just across the railroad tracks on South Michigan Avenue. Another gong and paper tape punch recorder were located in the engine house. The system worked as follows: A citizen would go to an alarm box and pull the hook. This would transmit the box number through overhead wires to the two previously specified locations. There was a man on duty 24 hours a day in the steam water plant to keep the boilers running . He would refer to a chart listing all the box numbers to ascertaining the location , and then would blow the original "fire whistle. " The fire whistle , known as the "monkey bird" varied in pitch and could be easily distinguished because of its tremendous volume and distinct character. After about one minute of continuous blowing the boiler operator would blow a short blast or blasts to indicate in which ward of the city the fire was located . He would then speed up the pumps whereby increasing the pressure on the water mains to aid the fire department in producing adequate fire streams. It is important to remember that at this time the department's equipment was still horse drawn . Getting the fire apparatus to the fire was accomplished in this manner. There were several draymen in the city who had teams to haul their delivery wagons. When an alarm was sounded they would race to the engine house. The first to arrive would unhook his wagon and hook up to the hose cart , hopefully find out where he was to respond , and then speeding to the fire . The Howell Fire Department acquired its first piece of motorized fire apparatus February 3rd, 1919. A one-ton Model T Ford chassis with a roadster body, less a top, was purchased for $1,650.00. The fire apparatus body was purchased from the Prospect Manufacturing Company. The unit was equipped with a chemical tank and one hose reel above the hose bed. An extension ladder and a roof ladder were provided as were two "Underwriters" plat pipes . The unit had no water pump. A special wooden ramp had to be built to permit the unit to be driven out of the engine house across the sidewalk and onto the street. The early 1920's brought with them another improvement regarding alerting the firemen to the alarm of fire. The Howell Electric Motors in about 1921 built two electric fire sirens for the city. One was mounted on a specially constructed tower on the northwest corner of Wetmore and North Michigan with the controls located in the City Hall building. A second siren was mounted on the west cross member of the water tower on South Michigan with the controls located in the water plant. These sirens were electrically connected to the fire alarm box system and would immediately operate when an alarm box was pulled. This advance helped to alert the firemen a few seconds faster in a business where every second counts . Fires were continually a problem in the surrounding area as well as in the city as this clipping from the Livingston Republican Press of November 5, 1924 points out: Long continued dry weather has made conditions right for fires to run all through the country districts . Opening of the hunting season--<!areless smokers dropping stubs and similar causes are blamed for the damage . Nobody just knows much about it but the oldest inhabitants cannot remember running fires as bad in Livingston County as they have been for the past few days. AT THURBER CORNELL'S While working in his field, Saturday afternoon , Thurber Cornell's attention was called to a Ford car driving in. When he looked up his house was seen to be on fire. A telephone alarm quickly reached the Bennett farm where men were threshing , and the whole force at once responded. The fire was under such headway that little could have been done had it not been for plenty of water , in an attic cistern as well as from the ground. Even at that the men were just about to abandon their work when more help arrived and the fight was won. Much of the roof is gone and there is considerable damage all through the house , amounting to several hundred dollars . Insured in the Livingston Mutual Insurance Company . The City of Howell fire department's activities were apparently rather routine during the twenties . The exception being the purchase of a 1925 Reo chassis equipped with a Obenchain-Boyer apparatus at a cost of about $3,500.00. The unit was the first pumper owned by the city of Howell. Although it was equipped with a geer pump it carried no water and depended upon either a static source of a pond or river , or a fire hydrant for its supply. ~- The first mot orized fire a pparatus 351 The Clinton Street fire station Our city continued to grow and the Fire Department again began to feel the pinch .City Hall required more office space to operate efficiently and the Fire Department was acquiring additional equipment. A decision was reached to move the Fire Department around the corner within the same building. The Department now had two bays in which to store apparatus facing East Clinton. In March of 1931, the City Council authorized the purchase of another Reo Obenchain-Boyer pumper for $5,750.00. The records indicate that the Oberchain-Boyer Company approached the city in this case and offered the apparatus at a considerable savings . The delivery of this apparatus opened a new realm to the City of Howell Fire Department. The 1925 vehicle being retained , a system was set up whereby persons living outside the city could contract each year to obtain fire protection . Hence the 1925 Reo became Howell's first "rural fire truck." It was only nine months after the 1931 Reo was delivered that it got a real workout. At about 6:30 Sunday , November 28, 1931, a fire was discovered in Barron's Store, located on the northwest corner of Michigan and Sibley Streets . The Livingston Republican Press carried the following account in part. About 6:30 o'clock Sunday evening a fire broke out in the R.E . Barron farm implement emporium in the southwest corner or back end of the building. The large building being of wood, the flames spread rapidly and the whole structure was soon in conflagration. The fire department acted quickly and with both engines soon five streams of water were deluging the spreading flames . The building was large and as soon as the flames were subdued in one part fire would break out in another , or in several places at the same time . It was nearly two hours before the water could be turned off. In the mean time the building, or rather two buildings in one, was almost completely gutted. LOSS ESTIMATED AT $25,000 TO $45,000 Daylight could be seen in almost any place in the roof. It is doubtful if the building is worth rebuilding and may well be considered a complete loss. Besides the building the losses include farm hardware , harness, oils and paints , farm tools, farm seed, alfalfa and clover seed and some farm implements . The total loss is variously estimated at from $25,000 to $45,000. The loss has not yet been adjusted by the insurance company. PRAISE FIREMEN Too much cannot be said in praise of the very effective work done by the Howell fire laddies in putting out the fire and in keeping the flames from spreading. It is estimated 352 that a thousand gallons of water were thrown on the flames every minute for an hour and a half and still the supply of water was not wanting . More water was spilled on the Barron fire than on any fire in Howell for many years . AN EARLY LANDMARK DESTROYED The burned building was an old landmark in the history and development of Howell and was one of the last of such early structures now remaining in the city. Messrs. Barron and Armstrong bought the place about the year 1907, (estimated) and after some six or seven years Mr. Barron became sole owner and has continued a large farm implement business since that time . ' J I ' I --,. ... II II l The R.E. Barron Building after the fire Another large fire completely destroyed the Recreation Building on south side of East Grand River between Court Street and Barnard Street in February, 1935. It is worthy of note that although the building was in the middle of the block the buildings to each side were relatively undamaged . A fire that certainly brought the Fire Department to true test was the Livingston County Infirmary fire in October of 1937. Fire , having no conscience , struck the Purdy and Woodruff Lumber Company Christmas Day in 1938. Despite the total devastation the company rebuilt and continued to serve the community for many years. Purdy & Woodruff fire The activities of a fire department include operations other than fires. While working on the steeple of the Walnut Street Methodist Church (the southeast corner of Walnut and Sibley Thureson Saw Mill fire, 1943 Streets) a young steeple jack fell from the steeple to the roof breaking both legs. Then Fire Chief Earl Sharpe was called upon to respond with ladder and rescue the injured workman which he did with some difficulty . 1941 brought a new piece of fire apparatus to the Howell Fire Department. The city purchased a Ford chassis for $775.00a nd equipped it with an American Fire Apparatus chassis for $2,440.00. This unit replaced the 1925 Reo. It was outfitted with two booster reels, a 400-gallon water tank , a 500-gallon per minute front mount pump, a complement of pumper ladders , and thirty feet of hard suction hose. Again the new apparatus did not have to wait long for an acid test. In March of 1942 the Bruce Products Company on the corner of Factory and West Streets was destroyed by fire. A valiant effort by the Howell Fire Department could not overcome the headway the fire had on their arrival or the materials stored within the manufacturing plant. The war was gripping the country and the Howell Fire Department felt it along with everyone else . During the scrap drive of 1943-44th e bell that was stationed on the original engine house was sacrificed. The bell was auctioned off for $17.00 that went to buy war bonds and then laid to rest in the pile to be melted down and re-used in the war effort. It left Howell bearing the inscription Howell Fire Department engraved in its circumference . October, 1943s aw another major business destroyed by the ravages of fire . The Thureson 's Saw Mill, located on the NE corner of Catrell Drive and East Grand River was completely destroyed . They were to rebuild west of their initial location only to burn sometime later . The forties saw other changes come to the operations of the Howell Fire Department. The fire alarm box system began to be a problem from two standpoints . First it was an old system and the overhead wires were in poor condition. Second, the young people couldn't resist the temptation of occasionally pulling a false alarm. The systems problems coupled with the fact that many families had telephones lead to discussion of removal of the system . After a particularly "active" Halloween the Howell Fire Department , 1965 353 order was given to remove the system. It was removed and reportedly sold to the city of Owosso. At this time the Bell Telephone Company took over exclusively the task of taking fire calls . The operators would take down the information and activate the two sirens, then relay the information about the alarm to the fire station via telephone. The late forties brought with them many new ideas, one of them being a new concept in rural fire protection-the rural tanker. The men of the Howell Fire Department, realizing the value of a piece of equipment capable of carrying a large amount of water, decided to equip themselves with such an apparatus . In 1949t hey acquired a 1942F ord chassis that had been utilized by the city as a garbage truck. Equipping it with a tank and a pump the men, each adding in his own area of expertise, built a first rate piece of fire apparatus that served the Howell area until about 1962. The tank had a capacity of 900 gallons and it was equipped with a 500 gallon per minute front mount pump. 1953 brought a new Ford F800 chassis with a Barton-American 500 gallon per minute midship centrifigal pump. This vehicle was equipped with a three stage pump capable of creating up to 800 pounds pressure on the booster lines. It carries 500 gallons of water . It now serves as a backup pumper . The fifties saw an emphasis on the part of the city council to bolster the Department of Public Works. It was also a time to begin planning for the future and it would be 1962 before the city would acquire another piece of fire apparatus. A precipitating factor toward buying a new vehicle was the Howell Tire Company fire . On August 10, 1959a fire in a garage behind the Howell Tire Company spread to the building housing the tire facility. The building was located on the east side of Michigan Avenue between Sibley and Washington Streets. The fire started about 9 p.m ., and it took fire fighters from Howell, Brighton, Fowlerville , Pinckney and a pumper from the Michigan State Sanatorium to contain the blaze. Businesses destroyed besides the tire company were the Howell Self-Service Laundry and Curtis' Barber Shop. Damages amount to over $100,000.00. The 1960's brought with them continuing growth and change. November of 1960 saw the delivery of the ninth piece of fire apparatus for the city. It was a new 1,250 gallon tanker / pumper with fire apparatus by Fire Trucks 354 Incorporated on an International chassis . The delivery price was $12,335.75.T his unit replaced the 900 gallon built by the firemen in 1949. A devastating fire struck the Master Cast Company , April 15, 1964. Surrounding fire departments assisted the Howell Department in quenching the $200,000.00 plus blaze. The conversion to dial telephone service caused a change in the method of taking a fire call and also sounding the fire sirens . In August 1964w hen the new Howell telephone exchange was cut over there were no longer telephone operations in Howell. Negotiations between the city and the sheriff resulted in the fire calls going into the Sheriff's Department. The deputy on the desk would take the fire information , activate the sirens and relay the location to the fire department via a private phone line. Another piece of fire apparatus was purchased for the city in July , 1965. A F.M.C. Corporation, John Bean High Pressure Firefighter was delivered on a Ford F600 chassis . The unit was to replace the 1941 Ford / American fire apparatus pumper . This unit served a dual purpose, it was a fast, first out attack truck and was capable of driving and pumping simultaneously for grass and brush fires. The purchase price was $13,915.27. December 12th, 1968 the alarm of fire was again sounded for Thureson Lumber Company on East Grand River just west of Catrell Drive . This fire was fought with the aid of surrounding fire departments for most of the night. The fire resulted in the eventual closing of the facility. The addition of new equipment and manpower coupled with the need to expand the police department resulted in a fourth move for the fire department. On May 21, 1969 the Howell Fire Department moved into a building leased from Douglas Swann, a local businessman . The building, located on the southwest corner of Clinton Street and North Michigan Avenue had originally been a service station. Until this time, when a major fire struck any community in Livingston County, the fire departments would generally help each other out. There was no organized approach and too often confusion arose over what equipment would respond , billing for services , and how help should be summoned. A meeting was called at the Brighton Fire Department in 1969 resulting in the formation of The Livingston County Firefighters Mutual Aid Association . This added Howell Tire Company fire, August, 1959 much needed order to the major fire incident and all citizens in the county benefitted as a result of the rather impressive apparatus pool available to draw from during a "working fire, " there are currently 10 fire departments in the county, all members of The Mutual Aid Association. A new means of alerting the fire fighters for an alarm was added in 1970. Special radio receivers with "Tone Encoded Squelch, " an electronic system of selective paging, were provided for each fire fighters home. These receivers are activated by the sheriff's department. August of 1973 brought with it another piece of fire apparatus . Built on a Ford 900 cab over chassis the Howe fire apparatus was the first 1000 gallon per minute pumper in Livingston County. The Master Cast Company suffered a second large loss nearly 10 years to the day after their first blaze. The damages in March, 1974 were to an addition amounting to a loss of over $150,000.00. Apparatus space and the need for adequate office and training facilities motivated the city council to action in 1975. Property was secured on West Grand River Avenue across The new Howell City Fire Hall, 1975, presently under construction . HOWE.LL Fll<E. DEPARTMENT from the McPherson farm and a 12 acre plot designated for a new fire station. Bids for a new fire station were taken and an award was made to the Jarvis Construction Company of Brighton . The award was made almost exactly 100 years after that of the original engine house. The building should be completed about January 1st, 1976. The cost of the facility is nearly 10 times that of the engine house or about $280,000.00. The Howell Fire Department is currently authorized a strength of 30 call-paid men. Firefighters receive $5.00 for each alarm they answer and $3.00 per training meeting . Meetings are held every Wednesday night. The department services 155 square miles including the city of Howell, all of Marion Township, and portions of Genoa, Cohoctah, Deerfield, Oceola, and Howell Townships. The firefighters of Howell have served the needs of the community well. The men have sacrificed much in many ways and are too often criticized for actions misunderstood by the citizenry. These men and men like them will continue to train, repair, scrub, invent, inspect and respond to alarms, with all the valiance that the Champion Fire Company Number 1 did in 1874. 355 Currency Paper money and other currency shown here were loaned for photographing by Al Latson and Chester Clark, Howell men , both long time members and exhibitors of the Livingston County Coin Club . Latson is presently vice-president of the county club . Th e buffalo catches th e eye on th is $10 bill , ser ies of 1901, but Lewis and Clark also are pictured . 356 Currency Coordinator Chester Clark , native of rural Howell , is an en joy er and researcher of local history , Americana, and numismatics . Presently he is president of the Living - ston County Historical Society , editor of the Michigan Tokens & Medals Society , board member of the Michigan State Numismatic Society, VP of the Great Lakes Wooden Nickel Society. Many Union soldiers brought back confederate paper money . The series of 1935 A issued a one dollar bill with a red "S" for special paper , and one with a red "R" for regular paper , to test the wear . Early banknotes were issued by many local Mich igan banks . This one, hand dated and numbered , but never signed ana never used, was found in a coin shop in Australia by Chester Clark, 1943. B.tYi'f~f\1;P:-a!·l·E"Tf1 rl "f fYlj Dl' lil!j;r'I !/r; T·BN ntt, -- ;;/;;;II/I/I/. /; f'/ '~r//// ' ; /f Wash ington faced left on our dollar bill of the 1917 series. Today he faces right . Th e matching two dollar bill of the 1917 series shows the activity in Washington , D .C. ' w ~;~g.JE'~~~tJU ,IJ~/}). ,~(1 - · THEF IRST .~.: ::,., 0001946A NATIONBAAL NKO F HOW HJ MICHIOAH WILL PAY TO THE B EARER ON OEM.A.NO l<'l\'I•: UOf,l ,.\HS 0001946A 357 Out of the hundreds of schemes advanced during these difficult years to solve the business problems , came the "Trading Dollar ." Also known as trade scrip, stamp scrip , stamp money and prosperity scrip, this new form of scrip came into being in Michigan with its introduction in Howell, Michigan in February of 1933. The trade dollar was conceived by the Howell Chamber of Commerce as a self-liquidating scrip. (Probably copied from the stamp certificates first issued in Hawarden , Iowa, in 1932). The theory of this issue interested the whole country . It was copied far and wide in its original form or with vario us minor changes. By the use of the trade dollar , the Howell Chamber of Commerce envisioned the development of $285,000w orth of business , in their town of 3,600 inhabitants , within six months and came close to succeeding. The idea was based on using a money which had to be spent , a money which lost its value if not spent. Issuing the trade dollars in Howell started February 22, 1933, and within 4 days 2800 notes of an issue of 5000 were in circulation . By March 4, all were in circulation. Here is how it worked . Trade dollars, a printed scrip, were first given free, by the Chamber of Commerce to 120 merchants and professional men who participated in the plan. Then for ever $5 paid in cash to any of these firms in either purchases or on past due accounts , the purchaser or payee was given one trade dollar. The trade dollar now became local currency acceptable by the dentists , doctors, lawyers and firms adhering to the plan, provided the owner attached thereto one of the 2-cent trade stamps issued by the Chamber of Commerce . For public convenience , merchants purchased the stamps from the Chamber of Commerce and sold them to their customers . Through the stamps a cash reserve was built up to redeem the scrip in cash . The trade dollar with the stamp attached and dated was then good for 3 days. If the owner did not spend it within 3 days , he had to put on an additional stamp for each 3 day period that he held it, to keep it valid. It cost money to hold it so it usually was spent within the 3 day limit. When the trade dollar had been spent 52 times it collected $1.04 in stamps . The Chamber of Commerce would then redeem it for $1.00 in cash from the stamp revenue, the 4 cents paying for the cost of printing and handling . Merchants and others agreed to accept the dollars in trade for 6 months and used them themselves , in personal purchases , the paying of coal bills, etc. During the first 4 days the trade dollars were in circulation in Howell, accounts 2 and 3 years old were collected by merchants. Automobile dealers reported they had closed deals for a score of cars , the trade dollar for each $5 spent being the incentive . The issue stimulated buisness by more than 100 percent in Howell in the face of the bank holiday. Trade dollars turned over faster than once every 3 days. To prevent the currency from piling up on the merchants , a clearing house was established for the trade money, which arranged to sell it to factories, school boards, city treasurers, etc. , at a 5 percent discount. Payrolls in Howell included a percentage of trade dollars approximating $1500 a month . This system was copied by the Chambers of Commerce of a 358 GOOD FOR .50c IN Provided: 1. The holde r b Ul f9 and afnxes a l e trade 11tamp her eo n v. Ith each tra111aclion, th!·n ~: . P~~ 11 ~n1al~l~n 1 :: H ov. ell Trade Mone J . GOOD FOR $1.00 IN Provl',led: 1. Th e h oMe r buya 11.nd atnxn a :?c tnule ,uam11 hereon v.\th eao.:h Lra1111actlo n . !l. No 11urc hase shall be for lell!I th an 60,.,. No change gi ven except 50c IIO\\CII Trade :\loney. GOO D FOR ~1.00 I~ l 'n,,IUed: 1 Tia h .. 1,1,·r hu),. awl :ltrlxe11 ;~};;,:~!:."i',','; 1. .~ 1a111p ht'r~,u 111th \',u•h soc TRADE (i,t ON ACCOUNT 3. nus 1:-#Ess 'M EN NOT RE· QUIRED TO TA K E OVER TEN TRADE OO L ~RS on any one trn n !l3.ctlon. Merchan t ma y at hla OlJlio n flcefPl · more. 4. ri:1-";F.P ffiADE DOLLARS MO\' I NG. Additional le lll&mJ)ll mWJt be auached If held beyond lime limit on n w erse aide. TRADE OK ON ACCOUNT 3. 8t;SINESS MEN NOT RE- ~~rg~Jo8 u~:SEo~ '"~:TY: ! traneactlon. Merchant may a t hla OJ>llon acct!tH more. ~. KEEP T l, DE DOLL A llS )10\'l:,.'O . 4 Uonal :!c 11tam)>a mu111 be a tta f d IC hel d beyon d, 1lme limit on , erlMI al dt. TRADE OR ON ACCOU NT :J IH ·:-;1:,.;t-;s:,; \IJ:X :,.;l)T JO.;. ~:.~W'.i-!;'1 :;.]~:~~~~:1 /'-~ ,ti}' t1"au,01..i1 .. 11 !'ih ·r, ha111 Illa )' nl hu• , 1'11•m a,-, . .,1,t tm-r.-. I i,;:t,;t-:1• THAIII· : 1101.J,, \ US .\H1\t:,.; 1; ,\,tt!lll1,11.11l :!•· l'tnmJ) ... 111u~1 1,c at lR.-11,.,1 II htl,t 1,,e,·nwt IIU1t limit ••II It,,. , -~ l'i•lt' • {t::t:,~ ' ~m~Ram1.•~~!~n~~1~~1 number of Michigan cities with varying degrees of success . It worked most successfully in the towns of 5000 population or less, the success diminishing in towns with greater populations . The little city of Albion tried it without the holding time penalty , with a municipal issue of $300 in 50 cents and one dollar denominations. Despite opposition by some of the businessmen who opposed the 2 percent discount for handling it, this scrip issued in March of 1933 was all redeemed from the stamp revenue by May of 1933, although it was intended to leave the issue in circulation for 6 months. Author of Howell scrip story is James J . Curto, Grosse Pointe, Mich . 1949. Old Masonic Penny, RAM No. 30, Livingston Chapter, issued to George Nichols. Also Howell Lodge No. 38 F&AM centennial token issued to Burr Clark in 1950. Bert S. Pate cigar store token. Was this used about 1920? Civil War tokens, like Indian Head cents , were issued of necessity to make change . Howell had none, but 3 stores in Brighton issued these . In about 1910 five cents went far towards a lunch . This Howell bi-metal was issued by White & Pate, located where the Old Howell House now is. Remember Joe Harris ' The Howell Centennial was in 1963. eoo o ,..o~ CNE" CUP 0 1' c o, , Fl "T FAMILY Jic:; i AURANT. Anything that's "good for" something else is really money , even if only for a limited time. These are recent locals . gooo .,..,~ C N '- cur> OF co• FEE ;..T THE OLD MOWELLH OUSE t:000 FOR ON E cu"' OF cc,Ft· E.S A1' O'LEARY1S -6A.KEi\Y _ t.1000 ""l't CNE CUP OF COFf EE _..T .AMBERL OUNGE COMPL.fMi.N T S lstNATlONAL BANKIn HOWEI..I. ;Ji~ £ 7 4 ?.;wa:i:d~.J~ ,l/4: 7,, . . . ·' .• ·. V . /; _ /') j . . I '"'- ' · ., . ' : \' I J · . 4 ,,J, IL, 4 t 7 ·f? Lo u;{.o -~ ,, / 7 4 'J.. .·: If' ·..:.. . 1 , ?. O . - . , . . • ... ,' ··:. ); ' ....:. ~~ ·;·a,,~~lo/tv r~ "t ' • '' I T]J1!Jt (o· ; ·. .... ......· -· :. Vi • •, . • •• :1. i ·.. . · · 19, ,, .. !/ / .· :.4 Q. ~; \ l~.,;-=(-t-=_J-~_ -/O-O_ , . /:J ___( __ .· v. ·... I/ _' . "., s-69 -~o~ :·. • ..:t. r r / · iJ:r·- ·-- __ G · "71 · l/&11,J ,) V 43 i~ . . ~:.-· foO/SJ- 37 t2.C . , k ~-~---~-~z;~}1 1,,.:~~; ,~-~7£-:;i(?,': ; 7'lt # II /? - f -/A,- l 7/ Y P // · , . .· .·,. -· ·. ·:· ··. -.. ,-. ' · -"' c/ This is an excerpt from a New England boy's "Copy Book ." It rJ/T" (, belonged to Nathan Lane , born 1768 and was used 200 years ago . If ;. ·, ,:::!,, s/ I 1 ·· /. ') J (I shows the money which was in circulation in the colonies at the time of v) · ., / the Revolutionary War . The farthing, penny , shilling and pound were ·., :~.:- '.:' " "-" ''.) :j'IE nglish money, but the Spanish "pistole" was also legal tender (equal 2 0 IJ to a French Louis d'or), as was the "moidore," a Portugese gold coin --~.::_------- j;l and also the German or Austrian coin called the "dolar" or thaler. A <:J.J, .. !/j · school boy in the Revolutionary War period had to learn in school how :( · 1 ·to change these coins into English ones of equal value . Mrs . Albert / ;2. 1 ., Rohrabacher in Howell has the original copy book under glass . -----------; Nathan Lane was her ancestor, and the book has remained in the ::Z,6 ,../ ) i family since 1775. '-'•· .. , .. , ,. . ~· , ' .. ·t '• . • . • , ... . . ., . ..·. ...' " • ' I • •. \. ..: ·. ·. -' 359 And the Distances Grew Less The Ann-Pere crossing was one of the unique meeting places of two differ e nt ra ilroads in the country . In early years a scene of much controversy and spectacular train wrecks. Tlie levers w1o:1r,c::,.,..,.=, ~~ . The first airplane based in Howell, 1929. Howell. 362 363 Sunday afternoon auto clubs travelled in groups in 1914 to help each other out of ditches and repair tires. 1m•1i , The first train on the road through Howell, now the C&O . 368 Head on collision on the highway in 1933. Transportation By BOB WILHELM Ten thousand years ago, the last of the glaciers left Michigan. Not one, but three separate glacial paths: west from the Rocky Mountains, straight south from Hudson Bay , and from Labrador on the east, centered on the lower peninsula . There have been estimates that these final glaciers may have had a thickness of up to two miles . In their paths the Great Lakes were carved , high morraines were created with the deposits of earth and stone, rivers were carved, level plains and gently rolling morraines were left by Transportation Coordinator Bob Wilhelm grew up in Traverse City ,where the "bug" for history developed early . He attended Michigan State majoring in history and has taught in Howell for several years, concentrating on Michigan history . Other interests: travel , photography , Great Lakes history, and "Ferroequinology" (translated in to simple terms , "a train nut") . the rapidly retreating masses of ice which covered the "mitten" of Michigan . Over the centuries the climate warmed, vegetation returned and in their path s animal life returned. Ancient civilizations developed and disappeared four thousand years ago. As the nomadic Indian tribes moved into southern lower Michigan, primitive trails developed . The main east-west trail in Livingston County followed along the present day Grand River A venue . There were numerous north-south trails , the main route ran from the southeastern corner of the county to Hamburg, through the Howell area on the east shore of Thompson (Howell) Lake and ending at Shiawasseetown (Owosso). This was the area of the Saginaw Chippewas and the Potawatamis . In the summer the two tribes planted their crops: corn , pumpkins , squash, peas, beans . Directly to the southeast , the south Ottawas lived. There were few hostilities between the tribes as the idea of land ownership was vague and the boundaries of the hunting grounds were undefined . Each tribe managed its own affairs . The land, the lakes and tiie streams belonged to all who needed them . In the 1880's, white settlers found apple trees near Cohoctah, that apparently had been planted and maintained by the Indians while spending the summers in this region. 369 An unusual picture of the inside of a blacksmith shop. Pictures were almost always taken outside the buildings, and it took a more enterprising photographer to attempt a time exposure inside. The Shiawassee and other streams provided ample amounts of fish for the tribes. There was trade between the tribes by barter. The trade was usually in what might be described as "luxury" goods: tobacco, shells, flint, and occasionally copper. As winter approaches , the tribes moved to their sheltered winter territorial grounds in the dense woods. The Chippewas moved north into the valleys of the Shiawassee, Flint, Tittabawassee, and Saginaw Rivers where they could hunt and trap. In the spring the tribes would move into the "sugar woods," make camp , and make sugar . With this completed, the tribes would move back south and set up summer camp. This was the life of the Indian before the arrival of the white man. Life changed for the midwestern Indians during the nineteenth century. French explorers were looking for a route across the vast continent looking for the elusive Orient. Explorers were looking for gold, but became trappers and brought even greater wealth to the French monarchs. Missionaries came to save the "savage souls." The missionaries, in describing the Indians as savage did not mean brutal, but they were uncultured and uncivilized. Despite great differences, the Indians led by Chief Tecumseh and Chief Pontiac fought with the French against the British. The French settlers generally got along with the Indians. Many French and Indians inter-married . The British gained control of Michigan after the French and Indian War. When the British gained control of the fur trade, they had the attitude of Superiority by being aloof and 370 This is a typical shop, windows on one side, whitewashed wall on the other to reflect the light back. The old anvil fastened to a block is in the foreground. condescending toward the Indians. There was one revolt against the British rule, but this resulted in failure. The British realized the value of the Indians to their economy and tended to halt the westward white migration across the Alleghenys into the Northwest Territory . The Indians generally supported the British in both the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. They feared that the encroaching white man would force them out of their territorial grounds. The fear was soon to come true . When the Americans raised their flag over Detroit, they continued for a time , a practice begun by the British. Once a year each Indian, from the youngest baby to the most elderly , was paid a yearly annuity of fifty cents . The Indians would have to walk the trails to a central point, usually Saginaw, where they would stand in line to receive payment. This British custom was continued to "prevent demoralization " of the Indians . In 1819, Territorial Governor Lewis Cass persuaded the Indians to give up some of their lands to the government for white settlement. The Indians were given one thousand dollars in silver. As the land was taken for white settlement, two reservations were established : 10,000 acres near "Big Rock" (Chesaning ) and 3,000 acres at Kech-a-wan-dang-oning (Knaggs Bridge near Bancroft) . After the Treaty of 1837, most of the Indians in the southeastern part of the state were forced to leave the reservations and they walked the traditional trails for the last time to exile along the Osago River in Kansas . "O, my father, thou has taught me from my infancy to love this land of my birth; thou hast even taught me to say, 'It is the gift of the Great Spirit.' 0, my father , our happiest days are gone into lasting oblivion and never again shell we enjoy our forest home. The eagle 's eye could not discover where once was the wigwam and thy council fires . "Ah, could we but once more return to our forest glade and tread as formerly upon the soil with proud and happy heart! On the hills with bended bow, while nature's flowers bloomed all around and the habitation of nature 's child, our brothers once abounded , free as the mountain air , and their glad shouts resounded from vale to vale as they chased over the hills, the red deer and followed the otter 's track. 0 , return , return! Ah, never again shall this time return! It is gone, and gone forever like a spirit passed . The red man will never live here any more. The bow and quiver with which I hunted is useless to me now, for the game is destroyed . When the white man took my inheritance, he thought to make me a slave. I am an Indian and that can never be. Ah, never, never! I would sooner plunge the dagger into my beating heart and follow in the footsteps of my forefathers than be a slave to the ungodly white man ." An Indian's Lament Chief Blackbird European immigration increased greatly after 1800. The westward movement in the early years was slow and hazardous as the immigrants seeking a new life had to take the land route west. In 1825t he Erie Canal opened. Even though this new water route was slow, it was better than the primitive roads . The settler could now take a boat up the Hudson River to Albany and take a horse or mule drawn barge in a westerly direction to Buffalo. Most of the people would take a sailing scooner across Lake Erie to Toledo or Detroit , but a new, revolutionary method of transportation was introduced : the steam boat. The Walk-In-The-Water was the first of these new boats on the Great Lakes . Even though the boat was steam powered, The gasoline car familiarly called the "Potato Bug" by the residents, takes on passengers at Cohoctah. when it entered a harbor, a cannon was shot from the deck to announce its arrival. The steam whistle had not yet been invented . Even though the Walk-In-The-Water floundered on the rocks and was destroyed, the pattern of faster and more dependable transportation encouraged people to move westward in droves . At Detroit , a frontier village that in the early 1800's was trying to recover from a disastrous fire that leveled the town, people came . The old Indian trails moved westward to the north and the west. When the immigrants started moving into the interior along the Grand River Trail, they found only the most primitive trails. Any convenient opening became the trail. The routes were only marked by an occasional tree which had been notched or bent. Even when the pathways were dry , they made travel difficult, but after a rainfall the trails were impassable. The roads were full of roots, stumps , mud hills, sinkholes and sand. When they came to a river or stream, the earliest traveler would have to chop trees and build a make shift bridge . These bridges would usually be washed away after a rainfall . In 1836 the brothers Henry and Garet Lake after leaving Livingston Centre on the Grand River Trail found that the "rude and frail wood" bridge across the Shiawassee River had been washed away by a flood. The river was too swollen to cross . They built a wood ferry to move their wagons and goods across the river . The horse teams swam across the swollen stream. The paths widened into trails as traffic increased . People came . A few came on foot, other single travelers came on horseback . An ox team and wagon brought many homesteaders . Old buckboards and farm wagons were drawn by horses, usually teams of four. Concord coaches with four to six horses were considered to be the ultimate transportation . The driver 's seat was outside where two or three passengers could also sit. Baggage was 371 The Flanders was a very early motorcycle, driven by a small gasoline engine, the power transmitted to the back wheel by a leather belt. A shaft tightened the belt. The tighter the belt, the faster it went. placed on top. About nine passengers were crowded in three rows of seats . Horses were changed every twelve to fifteen miles. Despite the isolation of this area, holdups were extremely rare. The biggest problems of the earliest coaches were runawa y horses and coaches turning over . When the coach started to sway in one direction , the passengers would lean the other way hoping to prevent the tipping and disaster . People of all backgrounds and descriptions moved inland from Detroit : European immigrants , homesteaders , land speculators , town builders , circuit riders, lawyers , doctors and adventurers . The earliest overnight facilities , usually about a day 's travel apart , were usually settler 's homes . "A shilling for man and beast, " was the usual fee. A shilling was worth twenty-five cents. As the trails developed and people came in increasing numbers , taverns were built. The taverns were normally clean , beds were " corded ." The mattresses were filled with feathers or cornhusks. Food served at the taverns were abundant. Pork , venison , sometimes bear and fowl was the main course . In lake areas and near the rivers , fish was on the menu. Potatoes , hoe cakes , johnny cake (at this time there were few grist mills in Michigan ), maple sugar and syrup , wild honey, nuts and berries completed the menu . Baking was normally done on outside ovens and cooking was done on the open hearth . With ever increasing migration, on July 4, 1832, the United Sta_!:eCs ongress passed a law which directed the president to " lay out a road Detroit to 'Sciawassee' to the Grand River ." The cost of this layout was not to exceed $2,500. 372 During 1833 and 1834 actual construction began , extending ten miles west of Detroit. A further congressional grant of $25,000w as given in 1835t o provide a one hundred foot wide clearing and build bridges across the Rush , Huron, Shiawassee , and Cedar Rivers . When Michigan entered the Union in 1837, territorial grants were ended , but the state was given a grant of 5,000 acres to complete the Grand River and Saginaw Roads. By 1840 very little work had been completed west of Brighton . From Brighton to Howell trees were cut down along the right of way. Low and marshy areas were filled with the trunks of the cut down trees . In the fall of 1833J ohn D. Pinckney selected eighty acres of land between Grand River and Thompson Lake . He returned home to New York for the winter and in the spring returned to clear the land and build the family homestead . He left his wife and two daughters in Salem (Washtenaw County) with Mrs . Pinckney 's father and continued on with his brother and another helped . He also brought four yoke of oxen, a team of horses (the first in the area ) and some cattle . The land he selected was good for grazing. The homestead that faced Mrs . Pinckney and daughters was a one room log cabin with a dirt floor. There were no windows and doors, blankets covered the openings . The crates used to bring the family possessions were used for tables . The beds were made from tamaracks . At night a fire was built in front of the cabin to scare away the wolves. David Austin, along with James Sage and his son George, left Chattaraugus County, New York in the spring of 1832. They arrived in Detroit from Buffalo and walked to the interior along the Grand River Trail. He returned to New York and in 1834 with his wife and sons, David and Jonathon returned to built log houses. These log houses served as home, church and store for the earliest settlers. The Indians often visited Jonathon Austin and his wife, Sarah. They liked to watch Sarah bake, spin, and do her household duties. They frequently "borrowed" nopinee (wheat flour ) and bacon. Jonathon was an excellent gardener. He would make the Indians happy by giving them melons. One day Sarah was making clothes for her first child. The child, Laura Losinda Austin, was the first white girl born in the arPa. Sarah heard a "grunt " and turned to see a brave and squaw watching. The squaw grabbed the "strange" clothes in fascination. Being a farmer, Jonathon had to take his grain to Detroit for milling . He made the long, slow trip to Detroit in a homemade , long sleigh drawn by a team of oxen. Bears were constantly a problem. One stole a pig belonging to Sarah and carried it to his den in a nearby hill. Deer was plentiful and was regularly part of the family food supply . The main entertainment for the early settlers was husking bees , barndances , quilting parties and "singing school." Moses Thompson arrived in 1835 and built the first grist and lumber mill . A year later Flavius J . B. Crane and Edward Brooks purchased the land to the west of the Pinckney homestead. The land was surveyed and plotted. This became the original village site, bordered on the north by Higgins Street and the south by Livingston Street. The village plot layout was filed in the office of the Register of Oakland County. In 1835 Livingston County had not been formally established . The eastern part of the county was The first traffic signal in Howell on the main four corners. considered part of Oakland County and the northern section, Shiawassee County. In the center of Livingston Centre, a city block bordered by Grand River, Walnut, Sibley and "Centre" was set aside in hope that the village would be selected as the county seat. After a few years the site reverted back to the original owners because it was not used for the intended purpose. The village was renamed in honor of Thomas Howell of Canandiagua, New York, a friend of Mr. Crane . The first frame building to be erected in Howell was the Eagle Hotel, a twenty by forty structure. Opened in late 1835, this " house in the woods" was on the southeast corner of Grand River and Walnut (site of the opera house). The hotel was built by Crane and Brooks to relieve the necessity of Mr. Pinckney 's family providing food and lodging for the ever increasing number of land speculators and homesteaders coming into the area . Ambs Adams became the first landlord . In addition to providing lodging and being a " house of entertainment " the building was used for public meetings , elections, religious services and the first post office. On January 15, 1836, Flavius J. B. Crane was appointed as the first postmaster. Weekly mail service was begun between Howell and Kensington. The first mail messenger was Lewis Thompson, brother of Moses, who was described as an "old bachelor , a strange , silent, unfashionable old man ." Later in the year bi-weekly mail service was begun between Howell and Grand Rapids. James Sage was the first rider . On his first trip, at night, he became lost because the trail narrowed to a bridle path . Howell became the county seat in 1836. Since the residents could not agree on a site for the county courthouse , three 373 commissioners were appointed by the governor to select the courthouse site. The first court was held in the school house. Voters had turned down a proposal to build the court building. Prisoners were taken to the jail in Ann Arbor. William McPherson emigrated from Scotland in 1836. Arriving in Howell on September 17, he opened the first blacksmith shop in a structure built by his father-in-law , Andrew Riddle. Grand River Trail through the Howell area was still primitive through 1840. In 1841 the legislature appropriated $5,000 for improvements to the trail. The appropriation was supervised by the Board of Internal Improvement. The money came from the uncompleted and abandoned Northern Road project. The old Stage House opened on the south side of the one hundred block of west Grand River by Allen Weston in 1840. He had operated the original Detroit-Howell Stage since 1838, making one round trip weekly. Poor eyesight ended Weston's association with the stage. He traded it to Benjamin J . Spring in exchange for his unfinished house. Spring expanded his " Red Bird" stage to three round trips per week. It was a clumbsy, open-stage wagon. J. W. Turner described the stage as " a vehicle of a bright and tawdry red color, compactly built , for it had to serve not only as a stage on dry land, but also to perform the office of a yawl, through what was known as "the rapids " in the vicinity of Detroit. " Spring and his "Red Bird" were often the victim of public laughter and practical jokes. This was especially true when he was running late into town one night and drove the horses into a hole that had been dug to erect a flag pole in honor of the 1844 Democratic party candidates Polk and Dallas. In 1842w ith the improvements of the Howell-Lansing Road , stage service began to Lansing. Both the Eagle Hotel and the Stage Hotel were destroyed in the " Great Fire of 1857." Andrew L. Hill opened the first wagon shop in 1842 on Sibley Street. He advertised "every kind of wagon or other use-best of quality procured in any shop east of Lake Erie. " Two years later he advertised ox yokes, buggies and cabinet making. He still compared his quality comparable to those in the east. As the center of the Grand River Trail, other wagon shops were opened by Benjamin Scofield and William Soule. Blacksmiths W. R. Melvin and James Lawler built wagons in 1846. There were other small wagon manufacturers . Samuel Sliter came to Howell in 1839. In 1849 opened Sliter 's Tavern , three quarters of a mile east of the townsite. This was a log structure with a frame addition. Being away from the "Centre ," the big complaint was poor courderoy roads . He provided a free carriage between the tavern and the courthouse . Sliter was constantly in court , either as a plaintiff or defendant, because of his " sharpness" in trade. He was involved in more suits in the early days in Howell than all the rest of the men combined . He won most of the cases in which he was involved. In the 1840's the number of taverns increased greatly: eleven saloons in two blocks. People encouraged friends who were traveling through to stay overnight and have a good time . Oldtimers would say that you can't fall down in the main street without falling in the door way of a bar . In 1845E dward F. Gay reacted against the new way of life on the streets of Howell. He built the first brick building in the village: The Temperance Hotel. It was located on the south side of Grand River Avenue across from the courthouse square . Why did he go against the trend and open a Tem- 374 perance Hotel? " Perhaps at no time has our town suffered more on account of intemperance than at this period . Whiskey ran riot through our streets . It was about the time of the settlement of the city of Owosso and as many of the early settlers of that town were former residents of Ann Arbor , their transit to and from these places was through Howell, and they came into contact with our hotels kept by Spring , Gates, and others . These passing travelers, many of whom were my former acquaintances , made bitter complaints to me of our hotels, saying they were obliged to resort to the streets for safet y or quiet on account of the noisy riot within, and quite frequently would resort to my house, half a mile away , to spend the night in order to avoid the hotels of Howell. To these old acquaintances I was indebted for the first suggestion to build a Temperance Hotel in Howell. . .I liked to have a sober and intelligent community . To help promote the object alone induced me to build and then keep , the Temperance Hotel." Attorney C. C. Ellsworth 's recollection of Gay and his Temperance Hotel : He was " a brave and noble man. One who, standing almost alone in the new western life here , raised his standard of reform and nailed his flag to the mast. 'Libert y and Temperance .' " A legislative act of March 12, 1844 established the charter of the Detroit and Grand River Plank Road Company . Livingston County representatives to the company were C. P . Bush and Ely Barnard. A three day stock :,ale was arranged at various points along the proposed route from Detroit to Lansing. Fifty thousand dollars of stock at $50 a share was to be issued . The length of the stock issue was to be twenty years . The plank road was to be well fastened down for use in all season s. The road was to have eleven miles completed within five years and the entire route was to be completed within ten years , or the charter would be forfeited . In 1846 the law was amended to permit construction of a substantial plank, macadam or charcoal road not less than sixteen feet in width . Despite the amendment which could ease construction , the company was faced with too many obstacles and never organized under the charter . Governor Epaphriditus Ransom took office in 1847. He was a strong believer in plank roads , there were fifty charters issued for the construction of toll plank roads . The Detroit and Howell Plank Road Company was incorporated April 3, 1848. The company issued $125,000 in stock with the right to increase capital if needed . When the route to Howell was completed , the company could continue on to the village of Michigan (Lansing ). To successfully complete the Howell-Lansing route , the company was granted 10,000 acres (4,000 in Livingston County), levied local highway taxes, and issue $60,000 in stock. The Detroit-Howell-Lansing Plank Road was completed in 1852. The three inch planks which were laid across wood stringers in the Howell-Lansing route came from the steam mill of Chandler and Kneeland in Howell. Even though the constant problem of warping and rotting sometimes made travel uncomfortable , it was a great improvement over the r• .ts and mud·1oles in the previous roadway. Toll gates were constructed about five miles apart. The Livingston County gates were No. 8 east of Brighton at Briggs Lake ; No. 9 in Brighton where Grand River crosse s Ore Creek ; and No. 10 near the Chevrolet garage in Howell. Number 10 was later moved east, near the present day Ann Arbor Railroad viaduct. On the Howell to Lansing route , the first toll gate was east One of Howell's first trucks with hard rubber tires, chain drive and a horn that went OOOGA when you pushed the lever on top. of town near the XLO plant. The Austin family kept this toll gate and regularly provided replacement planks . The gatekeeper usuall y lived at the gate . When the toll was paid, the long, log pole, suspended from an upright at the edges of the road, was raised. To enter or leave Howell, one had to pay. There was no toll within the village limits . The common charge was one cent a mile and three quarters of a cent for each additional passenger. Any person attempting to " speed " through the toll gate was subject to a $25 fine. One additional plank road was proposed to construct a route from Howell to Byron. In 1850 the company proposed to " layout, establish , construct a plank road-buildings and unite the road with any existing company ." The company expected to raise $30,000. No part of the road was ever built. In 1856 the Detroit and Lansing Stage line had two stages leaving daily from Detroit to Howell, Lansing , Lyons and Ionia by the plank road . Morning and evening service was provided at 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. Travel time from Detroit to Lansing was twelve hours . In 1860 the cost of riding the stage from Detroit to Howell ranged from $2.00 to $2.50, depending on what company you rode. POST CIVIL WAR PERIOD On December 30, 1868, three years after the surrender of ~ e's forces at Appomattox , the Livingston Republican reported that the Amnesty Proclamation was issued by President Andrew Jackson, pardoning all rebels who have not heretofore been pardoned. The Republican in an editorial comment stated, "Those who have not already been par - doned such as Jeff Davis and Co. might as well be pardoned perhaps , though it would be pleasing to know they were punished.' ' Howell was a center for the various stage routes : " Detroit and Howell stage leaves daily from the Howell House at 7 a.m. for Detroit. " " The Dexter and Howell stage leaves for Dexter from the Bush House in Howell at 8 a .m. going by way of Pinckney." "Fenton and Howell Stage: Daily ." "Lansing and Howell Stages: Monday , Wednesday, Friday. " "Linden and Howell: Thursday by way of Oak Grove and Deer Creek." The Republican covered a meeting held in the courthouse to "consider the expediency of forming a town temperance union to protest the 13 rumrunners in the town of Howell." Among those who attended the meeting were Prosecuting Attorney Dennis Shields , local ministers , and E . F . Gay , owner of the Temperance Hotel. This meeting was the beginning of the temperance movement which in later years made Howell "dry " under local option. With increased traffic on the Grand River Trail and the arrival of the railroad in the early 1870's Howell had the reputation of a rough and fun town. When a person was traveling through from Detroit to Lansing, he would stay in Howell overnight for a good time . A favorite " fun" activity for a group of boys was to fill 375 __J hand operated fly sprayers with water and red pepper. As drunks walked out of the bar, they would get a face full of spray. Two men were sharing a bottle at one of the local taverns . They were seated near an open window, when suddenly, a young arm reached in and the bottle disappeared. When they were last seen, the boys were running down the road. Although to the casual passerby, the bars had the publicity, there were many other businesses along Grand River: Mills and Hickey advertised a pile of domestic dress goods and nice line of caps and hats and crockery at their store on the Republican Block (where the Livingston County Press is now located. Wing and Fitch were featuring whitefish by the barrel and half barrel, also spermstrone, sterrip and tallow candles for sale. William McPherson and Sons were advertising clothing made from their own factory cloths at reasonable rates, and good prints for eleven cents per yard as well as drugs, books, etc. H. C. Briggs Jeweler had Yankee notions, gold and silver watches and clocks. In this advertisement Briggs announced that the store would be "closed on New Years Day so that clerks could call on friends." Jewett and Crossman the "Banner Store" advertised a "superb line of French merenos, alpacas and all wool delainsat from one to ten shillings. They were also featuring 100 " setts" of furs. William Goodrich and Company opened a new livery service and they had a fine new hearse for hire. During the 1870's the Grand River Plank Road Company was finding it increasingly difficult to maintain the roads. The Constitution of 1850d enied the state the right to engage in internal improvements. The states could not build roads. The opening of the Detroit, Lansing, and Northern Railroad (C&O) which paralleled the "highway" made stage transportation less attractive and goods could be shipped cheaper by rail than by wagon. The decline in revenues caused inadequate maintenance and the roads were characterized by disrepair. During the thirty years of operation, the maintenance was high. The Detroit-Howell stretch averaged $12,000 a year to maintain . From Howell to Lansing, the company averaged $4,000. As the planks rotted, they were replaced by gravel. During this thirty year period the entire planking was replaced by graded road. People living along the right of way complained that the toll gates were an "unjust burden to those living along the right of way ." The president of the Lansing and Howell Plank Road Company, the Honorable C. C. Trowbridge replied to the " malcontents" : "All persons living between the gates have hitherto made a law for themselves and traveled between the gates without paying toll; but this does not satisfy the malcontents , who have obtained some legislation which they think sufficient to accomplish their purpose, which would be the practical destruction to the proprietors of these roads." To the discontented farmers and towns along the road: "They had their chance to buy capital stock, but they didn't ... businessmen took it and built the roads." With declining revenues and decreased profits, Trowbridge stated , "Proprietors feel they are entitled to whatever the law allows; and they ask their fellow citizens to put themselves in their place, and not to condemn them as thieves for endeavoring to maintain their rights." Trowbridge argued for the continuation of the plank roads, " It is obvious to all those who have served as road masters, 376 that if left to the towns to keep the roads in repair, the people would never submit to the necessary taxation." Despite the efforts of Trowbridge and others, the day of the plank road company was rapidly coming to an end. THE POST TOLL ROAD ERA With the end of the Grand River Toll Road in the 1880's, the maintenance of the roads came under township control. The Constitution of 1850 prevented the states and counties from granting funds for internal improvements. Individual townships would appoint a road (or path) master whose job would be to oversee the maintenance of the roadway bordering each farmer's land. On each taxroll, the assessor would determine the amount of road tax, often only a few cents. The roadmaster would then arrange for the farmer to maintain the road himself , to pay his tax . If the landowner did not want to do the maintaining himself, he would pay for the work to be completed. To determine the rate , a man's individual labor was usually worth one dollar a day. The rate for a man with a team of horses was usually three dollars a day. With road maintenance often done in a hap-hazard fashion , a heavy storm could turn the roads into a muddy quagmire. When wagons tried to move along the roads, they would sink up to their hubs in mud . Wagons loaded with milk being transported to the condensed milk factory were particularly vulnerable with their heavy weight. The Michigan Condensed Milk Factory opened in Howell, April 5, 1894. Before the opening of the Howell factory, milk had to be shipped to Lansing for processing. The value of the farmland was increasing, due partly to the building of the milk factory and the development of the Holstein cattle industry. Over the next few years, the physical facilities of the plant was expanded in a piecemeal fashion. As the milk industry grew, it became increasingly important to the community . Disaster struck Friday, May 2, 1913. The factory was destroyed by fire and two workers , Clarence Hornung and Harry Adams were killed. The company stopped receiving milk for only one day. Two or three teamsters not hearing about the fire arrived with their deliveries at the smouldering ruins. The company purchased the milk to keep good public relations. The company made arrangements to ship all goods to Lansing . Each afternoon three refrigerator cars were shipped by the Pere Marquette on a special train. To continue operations and make plans for a new plant, the adjacent old cheese factory was converted into temporary offices, workshop and storeroom. Plans were announced to build a new $110,000f acotry up to date in "all appointments and latest machinery. " With the building remains still smouldering, the future of a new milk factory was threatened. Some of the customers were signing up with other companies . The Detroit based Big Tower Milk Company was in Howell the day of the fire, signing up new customers. To save the local factory from outside competition, the Howell Commercial Club and other business organizations traveled routes informing the farmers that the company was still accepting milk. Other farmers petitioned the company urging the rebuilding and pledging their continued support. The factory was rebuilt. Today the building was occupied by Bruce Products on West Street. In 1894 the village installed electric lights along Grand River A venue. Prior to 1894 the streets were lighted with post-oil lamps. Each night the lamplighter drove his cart underneath each light and lighted the lantern with a taper . With improved road and railroad transportation some businesses expanded their operations . Hornung and Garland operated a tailor shop on the south side of the one hundred block of West Grand River . Salesmen would leave Howell traveling by train , taking orders from nearby towns, and return to Howell with their orders. Women working on rows of sewing machines filled the orders. As business increased, the company expanded into the first floor of the old opera house. When the order was completed , the clothes were shipped by rail. At one time around the beginning of the twentieth century, the company had the most employees in Howell. Howell's first balloon ascension was scheduled for the courthouse lawn . As the balloon slowly rose and disappeared , the band played " Nearer My God To Thee." The 300 block of West Grand River was being cleared for the construction of the Carnegie Library around 1902. Among the structures removed were four old houses in an orchard and a blacksmith shop. Another Howell landmark was scheduled for demolition , the Howell Foundar y Company . Facing Grand River Avenue, this business dated back to 1849. The best known product produced was the Howell Handcar , used by railroads throughout the United States , and many were sold to foreign railroads . The unfinished library building was a target for local youths on Halloween . The dome had not been installed and the flat area provided an idea. During the night, the Purdy Baker y Wagon was disassembled and rebuilt on the roof. A . E . Parker, in the car , started his garage and small machine shop on Grand River Avenue a couple of blocks west of the main four in 1915. The machine shop gradually took over and in 1945 he had a sizeable shop west of town . With the coming of automation, A .E . was THE HORSELESS CARRIAGE AND HOWELL Traffic was increasing on the gravel Grand River Avenue through the village . Horsedrawn and " horseless carriages " were creating man y problems , including dust and mud . The road between Howell and Brighton could provide many perils . Around Lake Chemung cars would become stuck in the sand . A team of horses belonging to a nearby farmer would be used to pull the " horseless carriage " from the sand , so the journey could continue. Another problem of the early automobiles was flat tires. Many of the tires required ninety pounds of pressure . Many " choice words " were spoken while pumping a tire . The earliest gas stations were often nothing more than a barrel with a hose hanging out of it. Livery barns usuall y sold gasoline . Occasionally , gasoline could be purchased at a drug store . In 1911 the village council voted to pave Grand River from Byron Road to Barnard Street. The paving , using bricks , did not take place until 1915w hen a special $15,000b ond issue was passed . The laying of the bricks began December 15. Some of the labor was performed by Jackson prison convicts . The first step in paving was plowing and grading . A layer of concrete was poured on the surface, the bricks were then layed . They wer e then steamrollered . To complete the process , a layer of sand was swept : into the cracks . In 1917 the City of Howell voted $39,000 to expand the paving of Grand River from the Genoa Township line to Howell Township on the west. Several of the brick roads still exist. Beneath the blacktop , man y of the original bricks are still in place. The North gone, but his sons took over and with many additions to the building they began making huge automated machinery for the automobile companies . 377 The gasoline car at the Howell stati on on its inaugural run . Michigan A venue bricks in front of the city hall were covered in September , 1975. Over the years some sand beneath the bricks and cement base has washed away . This was often caused by broken water mains . If a brick street in Howell is to be preserved, Walnut Street leading to the historical museum is the best possibility. The first truck on the streets of Howell was a 1915 chain drive Reo. The truck , the second built by Ransom E . Olds in Lansing , had solid rubber tires and acetyline lights . The children were thrilled with free rides. The village of Howell was incorporated into a city in 1915. With the change in status, several street names were changed . These changes caused debates in the community for many years. Michigan Avenue was originally Division Street south of Grand River . North of Grand River the avenue was East Street. Prior to 1895t he stretch of East Street was Mill Street, named in honor of Moses Thompson's original mill. Main Street from Grand River to the Ann Arbor tracks was renamed State Street. Knox Street was changed to Elm . In 1919 the section running along the lake was changed to Roosevelt. Washington Street was originally Hubbell. Over the years many streets were vacated . Others such as West Clinton changed their original route . McPherson Street was part of Clinton Street. The first blacktop surfaced roads in the county were Oak Grove Road and Pinckney Road. They were paved in 1930. Howell was emerging from the depression in 1939 and Pearl Harbor was still two years away. The May 17 Livingston County Press reported on life along Grand River Avenue. The paper, successor to the Livingston Courier 0843-1857) and the Livingston Democrat 0857-1928), pledged " clean news, clean advertising , clean purposes ; a county paper for the home ; solely and fearlessly devoted to service in the community-independent in politics." 378 Eastern Michigan Motorbuses purchased eight new modern design buses for service between Detroit , Lansing and Grand Rapids . The new buses are safer , more graceful in appearance , provide better visibility for passenger and driver. Each bus has a 37 passenger capacity. The seats are soft rubber , upholstered in mohair. The old buses will be kept for charter service. It is the company 's policy to replace all buses every two years. The Howell High class of 1939 will graduate 93. Bell Telephone Company opened a new central plant. The feature of the open house was a replica of Alexander Graham Bell's first telephone . The opening of the Hotel Livingston dining room was announced by the proprietor, Thomas A. Blevins . The menu: noon plate lunch, 25 cents; regular dinner , 35 cents; steaks and chops, 50 cents ; special sizzling steak , 75 cents. The cost of the full course Sunday dinner of fish, steak, or chicken is $1.00. Advanced tickets for the Grand Opening scheduled for May 25 are $1.00. Soule Motor Sales advertised trucks: ½ ton Dodge pickup , $590; ½ ton Dodge panel , $680; 1 ½ ton Dodge stake , $825. Charles P . Adams and Sons advertised men's slacks from $1.95 to $6.50. Sally Ude Shops are having a summer dress sale. The prices range from 50 cents to $5.00. Hagni's Market's food prices for the week: Cubed steak , 32 cents a pound; pure pork sausage , 15 cents a pound; bacon, 10½ cents a pound ; Florida oranges , 35 cents a dozen; Quaker coffee vacuumed pack , 28 cents a pound. A free handkerchief was given with each pound purchase . POST WORLD WAR II AND THE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY After World War II traffic on U.S. 16 (Grand River Avenue) increased greatly . The July 9, 1958 Livingston County Press announced a proposal to chart relocation of U.S. 16 through Livingston County. The highway would require a 300 foot right of way along the 20-1 mile route. There will be two 24 foot wide pavement stretches , built at an estimated cost of twelve million dollars , 90 percent of which will be federal matching funds . Four years later, December 12, 1962, the first of five ribbon cutting ceremonies was held in Howell. The ceremony was presided over by State Highway Commissioner Jo hn Mackie and Howell mayor Clifton Heller . The final ribbon cutting was held at the U.S. 27 intersection in Lansing. In addition to the opening of the fifty mile stretch, this was the thousandth mile of expressway opened in Michigan . The ceremony was cut short due to a two degree below zero temperature . The first engine to run on the Ann A r bo r line. Phot o t ak en in Pe nn . where it was built. John Mackie commented , this opening " marks the fulfillment of a long cherished dream of a divided four lane highway across one of the most heavily traveled routes in our state ." The opening is " significant in Michigan history ," stated Governor John B. Swainson. "In the number of lives saved and the dollar value of local economic progress, our freeways have been of great benefit to Michigan and our people ." There was a fear among local merchants , especially owners of gas stations and restaurants , that the Interstate would hurt their businesses . This fear did not develop. One immediate benefit to Howell was the lessening of heav y traffic. Through truck traffic was no longer a problem . Being a hub between Detroit , Lansing , Flint , and Ann Arbor, the Howell area has benefitted by the construction of the expressway . The Pere Marquette Railroad Sometim e in the spring or earl y summer of 1837, nobody is quite sure of the actual date , the first steam locomotive , the " Adrian ," ran on the primitive , newly laid track between Toledo, Ohio, and Adrian , Michigan . This was the beginning of the vast network of tracks that would criss-cross the state during the last sixty years of the 1800's. Charter s for the building of new railroads were approved throughout southern Michigan . The Detroit and Shiawassee Railroad Corporation was to build a single or double track from Detroit , Farmington , Kensington, " to the county seat in the county of Livingston ," north to Byron and terminated in "Shiawas see Village " (Owosso). The new railroad was to have " the power to transport , take , and carr y persons and property upon the same by the power and force of steam and animals , or, of any mechanical or other power, or combination of them ." Construction was to begin in 1838 and acompleted within six years with the sale of stock authorized at $500,000. With no track laid , the charter was amended to repeal the Byron and Shiawasseetown route . The new route was to run from the " county seat of Livingston to Biddle City, Ingham County," (Biddle City is now within the city limits of Lansing). The major promoters of this route were associated with the " wild-cat " bank of Kensington and construction never began ; the company was not organized under the charter . Those from the Howell area, headed by Ely Barnard , became involved and showed their good faith throughout the short history of the company . It was not until 1864 that another attempt would be made to build a railroad that would run east-west through Livingston County. On June 17, an organizational meeting was held at New Hudson, and the Detroit and Howell Railroad was incorporated September 21. Theodatus T. Lyon was elected presid ent and William McPherson of Howell was treasurer of the new line. Beginning in November the compan y started selling $400,000 in stock at Howell and other points . By September , 1865, $250,000 in subscriptions and pledge s had been raised. A year later President Lyon announced , " On the portion of our line between Plymouth and Howell, the sum of $300,000 has now been secured , which sum was designated in our Article s of Association as the amount necessar y to warrant the commencement of the world of construction ." Pr eliminary surveys were made and construction began in 379 1867. Work progressed during 1868 and $240,000 had been spent. Money was running low, and construction stopped. The Detroit and Howell Railroad Company never achieved its goal, but its many accomplishments would lead to the successful completion of a Detroit-Howell-Lansing line in 1871. The company gained funds they started construction, and what after proved to be the most difficult, securing the necessary right of way. While the Detroit and Howell route was running low on funds, Theodatus Lyons and others organized the Howell and Lansing Railroad, June 27, 1868. The newly organized company immediately began to raise money for the construction of the railroad . The stock subscription would pay a maximum interest of two percent. The company could solicit aid from townships, cities and villages in addition to individuals . The Constitution of 1850 did not permit counties and the state to become involved in internal projects . The frenzied race to build railroads by the use of public stock sales came to a halt when Salem Township (Washtenaw County) refused to deliver bonds to the Detroit and Howell Railroad . The railroad went to court in order to get possession of the bonds. By a three to one vote the State Supreme Court ruled that "townships had no right to bond itself to aid a railroad even though authorized by the legislature. " No longer able to depend on local communities for financial aid, the railroads had to seek alternate ways of financing . In 1870 after the consolidation of the Detroit and Howell, and the Howell and Lansing, the franchise was transferred to James F . Joy and his associates in Detroit. What interested the new group was that Howell was more interested in service than making money. The transfer of $250,000i n stock was actually a gift on the condition that " the road be speedily completed and opened for travel and traffic. " The money to complete the route was raised and construction on the Detroit-Howell route began in early 1871. By May 16, the route was to Plymouth . Brighton celebrated July 4 with the completion of the line. A second crew starting at Lansing began construction of the route east from Lansing. On August 3, the route from Detroit to Lansing was completed with the final rails being laid in Fowlerville. The directors scheduled the examination of the completed route for August 22. The excursion started at Detroit and ended at Kaywood station (five miles west of Greenville). With the consolidation of the Lansing and Ionia Railroad, the route took a new name, "Detroit, Lansing, and Lake Michigan Railroad. " The addition of the Lake Michigan name was an over optimistic hope, since the line ended many miles short of the shoreline. Covering the excursion the Detroit Tribune stated that "small delegations joined the train at Plymouth and Brighton , but these points have been out of the woods for some time, manifested less interest than other points between Brighton and Lansing. At Howell, the people were especially jubilant , turning out en masse , and some enterprising Howellian impressed an anvil into the service, and fired a salute . It is certainly a day of jubilee for Howell, to which she has been looking forward with patience for many years. The people of Lansing are scarcely less appreciative of the road, shortening the distance, as it does, over thirty miles between Detroit and Lansing." The August 23rd issue of the Detroit Post reported on the activities of the previous day: "At Howell the train was received with something of an ovation . A six pound cannon had been brought into service and fired a salute as the train 380 moved up to the depot, where were assembled an immense concourse of people who testified their gratification at the arrival of the party by cheers and waving of handkerchiefs. Ladies distributed bouquets. The people are enthusiastic over the advent of the iron horse to their town, and through the assemblage it clearly indicated the joy which they feel over the completion of the railroad for which they have worked and waited for so many long years. Their enthusiasm is pardonable . The town has a population of over 2,000, is one of the handsomest in the state, and next to Lansing , probably the most important on the line. " In addition to the depot, the railroad erected a turntable, an enginhouse in the area behind the depot. To accommodate overnight passengers, a hotel was built near the depot. The receipts for the first week of operation were small, but encouraging. Freight revenues totaled $8,204.87 and for passengers the railroad took in $3,242.33f or a grand total of $11,447.20. With the completion of the route, land values increased . Land north of the railroad increased $10 an acre in value and land within five miles of the route increased $5 an acre on the south. Even though there was tremendous optimism , the Ann Arbor Courier two weeks after the opening stated, "The men benefitting the least are the merchants in the little towns along the line, and they are the men who pay the most for the road. We do not consider the road to benefit the merchantile interest of Howell and their merchants will say the same thing one year from this date." The immediate losers were the stage lines . The railroad 's arrival made rail travel more convenient and comfortable . The Howell and Lansing stage lines were the first to close, followed by other stage companies paralleling the railroad . Declining revenues also would cause the Plank Road Company to cease operations within a few years. With the lack of fencing along the route, there would be the problem of livestock on the track . Fortunately, the violence and arson which developed on the Michigan Central Line twenty miles to the south did not occur on the D.L.&L.M. An occasional animal might be hit by the locomotive, the biggest problem seemed to be horses scared by the sounds of the iron horse. With the railroad , there was the possibility of returning to yoke of oxen, which no farmer wanted. Another problem was the sparks shot from the locomotive would set fire and burn the fields. During the next thirty five years the railroad continued to expand, mainly through mergers. With the growth of the road , the name was changed on several occasions: Detroit , Lansing and Northern 0876); Detroit, Grand Rapids and Western (1896); and The Pere Marquette Railroad Company (1899). More than one hundred railroads were included in the mergers . With consolidation , the financial problems increased. The depressions in the 1870's and 1890's caused bankruptcies. With the completion of the rape and destruction of the woods in northern Michigan, the railroad's branch lines become unprofitable . The deficits increased . Each reorganization increased the debts. The stock was "watered" and dividends were still paid . The officials ignored the future of the road for immediate personal gain. The accounts of the corporation were manipulated to misrepresent the actual financial facts. During this period of mismanagement , the maintainance of the roadbed and equipment declined . Around 1900, the route of the Pere Marquette through Howell was relocated. West of Walnut Street, a route through the hill was cut. The original route ran to the south around the The old turntable in front of the engine house on the Pere Marquette (C&O). hill to avoid a sharp grade . The relocation straightened the main line. Much of the bore was dug by men and shovels with horse drawn wagons carting away the dirt. In 1907 the mileage of the Indiana and Michigan divisions were merged and the railroad reached its zenith. To its critics the Pere Marquette became known as the Poor Marquette and often a most fitting sarcasm, PM meant the Poor Management Railroad. In 1916 the railroad once again declared bankruptcy, 1916 was a bad year for American railroads, 69 went bankrupt. Affiliation with the Chesapeake and Ohio began in the 1920's. The immediate benefit was the linking of the midwestern industrial belt with the coal regions. This asset can be seen today with the unit coal trains of 100 cars which regularly run through Howell. The C & 0 began to improve the physical condition of the Pere Marquette. Passenger service improved during the 20's. New "race horse" locomotives with six, seventy-seven inch drivers sped passengers east to Detroit and west to Lansing, Grand Rapids , and "The Windy City." During the depths of the depression, 1932, most of the wooden coaches on the Detroit-Chicago route were replaced by all steel equipment. In addition to parlor and dining cars , the railroad introduced the "Imperial Salon." At no additional cost, the passenger could be comfortable in armchairs. There were separate ventilators, reading lamps, and removable tables for each chair. Pullman coaches were not usually available at the Howell stop. Traveling salesmen in the 30's most often would take a room at Hotel Livingston on East Grand River . With America emerging from the depression and storm clouds of war gathering on the horizon, the Pere Marquette Railroad needed new locomotives . Beginning in 1937 the railroad ordered fifteen 2-8-4 "Berkshire" locomotives . During the war the Lima Locomotive Company delivered two more orders until thirty-nine of these 50 mile per hour giants were on the line to ship goods of war between Detroit and Chicago. Each of these locomotives could haul 3500 tons on short-fast runs. Often these engines would stop in Howell for minor servicing . Many steam locomotive experts consider the " Berkshires" to be among the finest, most efficient steam locomotives ever to be built. (One of the two existing " Berkshires"-No. 1225-owned by the Michigan State University Railroad Club is presently being rebuilt and soon will be taking railfans on steam excursions). An ominous sign for the future of the steamer made its appearance in 1939. The Pere Marquette purchased their first diesel, a 600 horsepower switcher, from the Electro- Motive Division of General Motors. The heavy and constant use of the steam locomotives during the war resulted in a fleet of locomotives that needed major overhaul or replacement. The end of the Pere Marquette Railroad came on June 6, 1947.E ven though the PM shared common management with 381 the Chesapeake and Ohio since 1929, the official merger did not take place until after the war . The 1,950 mile Pere Marquette Railroad on this date became the Pere Marquette District of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad. (Through further mergers , the railroad in 1975 is officially known as the Chessie System ). In order to encourage passenger travel between Detroit and Grand Rapids the railroad purchased two 2,000 horsepower diesels and modern coaches . On August 10, 1946, the luxury train the "Pere Marquette" began operation . Many innovations were placed into the coaches . Electropneumatically controlled doors, temperature controls and filtered air systems, these features which later were placed in luxury trains such as the Santa Fe's Super Chief and Southern Pacific 's Sunset Limited , were first used on the Detroit-Chicago run stopping in Howell. Other features of the " Pere Marquettes" were one class fares (The early trains charged an extra fare for seats in the parlor cars ). No tipping was allowed. After eating in the diner , a free after dinner cigarette was offered with the waitress lighting it. The one hundred and fifty mile route could be run in 160 minutes . During the first seven and a half months of operation , the number of passengers increased 86 percent. The revenues increased 80 percent. The operation of the diesel locomotives increased the speed of dieselization . During the first year and a half of operation, the locomotives suffered no mechanical failures. These two diesels replaced six steamers. In the past it was necessary to use two engines each way between Detroit and Grand Rapids. Two additional locomotives were always on " stand by" or shut down for maintenance and inspection . As was the nationwide trend, dieslization was rapidly replacing the steam engine during the late 40's and early 50's. In late 1951, the last steam locomotive on the Pere Marquette banked its fires . Some of the locomotives were shipped to other divisions , but most of the engines were sold to the " Boneyards " for scrap . Even the "Berkshires" were brought to a premature end. Several of these locomotives were not scrapped until 1961, ten years after shutdown . They were stored at New Buffalo. They could not be scrapped until they were paid for. The promising future of the Pere Marquettes did not last. During the 1950's and 60's patronage and revenues declined . The number of coaches behind a single diesel was cut. After mail contracts were cancelled in the middle 60's, the trains often consisted of one engine and one coach . Just as the completion of Detroit, Lansing and Lake Michigan brought an end to the stage coaches in the 1870's, the completion of Interstate 96 in 1962 hastened the end of the passenger train . In an advertisement, the C & 0 explained the reason for dropping two trains in 1964: "The completion of the new $150 million expressway has attracted growing numbers of motorists who prefer the convenience of driving their cars non-stop at high speed to riding trains even as good as the Pere Marquettes." The losses increased during the 1960's: 1963: $52,000 per year ; 1967: $70,000 per year ; 1970: $400 per day . In 1971, shortly before the end of passenger service-the average number of riders was 10 to 12. Many rode on passes. Often the trains ran with no passengers . A growing complaint of the paying customers was that the freight trains had the right of way. The passenger train was moved on to a siding and had to wait. May 1, 1971 was the end of the Chicago-Detroit run. This was the end of passenger service to Howell. The next day Amtrak came into being, operating on a much scaled down route. Today the Chessie System is a freight hauler . Switching is done at the Ann Pere crossing , interchanging with the Ann Arbor. Local customers include International Paper, Diversified Packaging division of Pepsi-Cola which produces three and a half million cans a week, and Cleveland Metals . Few trains stop at the old depot today, most of the trains run straight through to Detroit or Lansing . This is a great difference from the days when Howell was an important stop during " the steam era" of railroading . The Ann Arbor Railroad " I got out of a job in politics, came back to Toledo, and having no business to get back into and very little money, I decided to build a railroad. " So spoke James Ashley, Sr. in 1877a nd thus began the wild saga of the Ann Arbor Railroad. Ashley and his sons, James , Jr . and Harry, plotted and schemed to build a railroad from Toledo, Ohio northwest through Ann Arbor, Howell, Owosso, and terminating somewhere along the east shore of Lake Michigan . Not sure where they would end, the purchase of the Frankfort and Southeastern Railroad brought the western terminal to South Frankfort (Elberta ). In 1892a long standing dream came true with the establishment of the world's first open seas car ferry service across Lake Michigan to Wisconsin. With Ashley aboard on the first trip, the wooden hull "Ann Arbor No. 1" became lost in the fog and ran aground off Kewanee , Wisconsin. Two days later, a wrecking tug pulled the ferry off the sandbar and into port. To build their railroad , the Ashleys seldom worried whether their schemes were legal , quite often they were questionable or illegal. The railroad was regularly being sued , but local lawyers hired by the railroad and sympathetic juries usually ruled in favor of the company. James Ashley, Sr. returned to Toledo after serving terms as Territorial Governor of Montana and congressman . Six 382 feet tall and very heavy , his head was crowned with a "shock of white hair ." Like his sons, Ashley would let nothing stand in his way. He had one rule : " No Sunday Work." Finding an employee working on Sunday , he scolded the man , "The Sabbath is the Lord's day . On it you shall do no manner of work. That goes for everyone on my railroad. " James M. Ashley, Jr. , known as "J.M.A. Jr .," was in charge of gaining the right of way, with or without permission of the land owners. When conducting business , he stuttered badly, but his use of a booming voice and a shaking fist aided him in getting his way. Henry (Harry ) W. Ashley was a dressy, well polished individual. A competent, but forgetful man, he would give oral orders and promptly forget what he said. He would then place the blame on " the poor devil" who carried them out. The work crew soon learned to get everything in writing. The origin of the Ann Arbor Railroad dates back to 1845. Citizens of Ann Arbor were unhappy about the excessive rates being charged by the Michigan Central Railroad . They wanted a route beginning in Toledo. It was no more than an idea until after the Civil War. In 1869t he city of Ann Arbor raised $100,000a nd the township $10,000 to build the Toledo and Ann Arbor Railroad . DETRLOAITN SI&NN GO RTHREARINL -ROAD {N EFFECT J.\.N. 27th 1880. GOING EAS,.£. I * i "' I 8TAXTO~ BR,\~ CH. . rNo OiNol' ': I •A,l\l. !P. M, i ---------- .-- 1-- :--- j-- 8~tiagu tRoua piu_:_; _______________________-__-__- _-_i: -__-___- _--_J, 98 ::f2i95\j 1:2!::5:m5 .· --_--_-__ Jonin, . ____________________j ____ __ ,)0:55 ! :.1-:tQI _____ --- ~--- ---·----- - ---- ---- -*· - ---- - - ---- -- - - I • I * I t )f,\1 LINE. No -l No 8:NoH ,NotG A.;\1, A.M. , l'.l\1. . l',l'tl. --- ---- -- -- -- 1-- GHroewenarvdil le Ci.t..Y. _--_-_-·__·_-_--_-_·-_-_··_ ____ t_i:_-1_5_1 0it::2085 43:;2-t5;; ,: _________ !.onia, _______________L_e ave 7:40 11:tO 5::!o: _____ Grand Lctlgc . .. - -· - ----·--- i 8 :3ol~~~ I G:1J ____ (Liraak11ed ORdaepssida s_--_-_-·___·-_-_--_-_-_-_-__, t7i::55.:;5j----- l 4::IIO G:10 1 . ____ • 5:38 7:0ti : r ;inrt LP.d/.W-____. .. ___. . __ 8 :30 - - - - -1I i: !.'5 7 :-10 r.,i11si11g_ _____________L e,w e !l:00 12 :50 7:05 8:10 F ,,wJervilJe ________________ !J:51 1 :-11 7:56 ----- .Hl-o[lw)WellE LJLu uc_t_io_n_ ---_--_-_-·_·_--_-_- ____11 00::0173 ll ::f5i68 88::1152 _9_:_0_8_ In October 1869, the company secured pledges from Howell and Cohoctah Township to extend the line into Livingston County. Ninety-three Howell citizens pledged $20,000. These pledges ranged from $25 to $2000, but only five percent were ever collected. Cohoctah Township agreed to raise $16,200b y a vote of 166 to 19. This bond issued was recalled and cancelled. At this point the directors of the railroad wanted to change the route to South Lyon where favorable interchanges could be made. The Panic of 1873 drove the Toledo and Ann Arbor Railroad into bankruptcy and the plans to build the railroad north from Ann Arbor were abandoned. In 1873 the population of Livingston County was 21,500. The "Panic " drove many people from the farms into the cities in order to get better paying jobs. The population numbers were not equaled until 1941. In 1877, the Ashleys gained control of the bankrupt line. The 1880's was a time of building for the Ashley interests . There were many problems to be conquered. There were no " sizable " towns along the right of way and subscriptions were scarce. The right of way was secured, usu.ally at no cost to the owners . If the land owner wanted payment, he was given free passes which could be used once the construction was completed . Often the land " purchases" were in a zigzag manner which resulted in miles of crooked track . If persuasion failed, they built the track over the land and would worry about the legality later . There was a section of flooded land , the water was backed up by a no longer used dam . The owner refused to sell. One night the dam was blown up, no legal action was taken and the railroad continued . Private construction companies built much of the route . The railroad paid less money than the agreement. The cases went to court and settlements were usually in favor of the railroad . Commenting in later years about the construction of the railroad , uJ .M.A.JR. " said he should write a book entitled Hrigllton _______________ Snnth Lyon ___________ _ Plynh>11th ______________ Detroit ________________ -. -. 10:27 2:13 8:31 ··-- -.-.-.- 1to1: -:0H7 22::5350 9~ ::4107 ---- -·-- ---. I:! :00 3:45 H:55 10:4 0 GOING "\VEST. . - * I • t • MAJ:\' J.INF.:. ~o :; No 7 Noll No13 ··--·· - _______ ,\.l\I.( .. l\I 1',M, l'.l\1, Detroit .. __________________ 7:0,5jl0 :00 l l::.!5 4:4fi Plymouth .. . . __. . .. ____. . __ 7 :;;3 10 :5i . __ __ 5 :37 So~1thLyon _________________ 8:15 111:;;o j··--· li:01 Brighton ___________________ 8:31 111:47 ·---- 6 :18 Howell Junction .. _________ 8 :-l~ 11:59:--- ·- 6:30 HOWELL _________________ 8:4 ~ 1P2,l:\014. 1 2:,-,7 6 ::!5 Fowlerville. ________________ U:03 12:211----- 6:51 Lansing __- ________________!_l: 55 1:15 3:GO 7:4,5 C:rrnnd Led1.>;e. _____________ 10:30 _____ \ i:1S l:l:30 Lake (ld essa _______________l l:10 -·- · · t:50 !l:10 P.i\'I. I 1;ra1ul R:-i.picl~ ___ ·-----· __ 12:10 _____ 5:r,o ~0:10 A.l\l. J Cran<l Letlge_. _____________ 10:25 2:03 ----- 8:27 loni,L- __________. ._ _________. _1 1 :15 3:00 ··-·· :J::.?O P.)L ({rcenville _________________ 12:10 4:02 •••• 10:20 Ho\\'ard City . . _____________t i:sr, 4 :45 ----- ----- " Row to Build 600 miles of railroad without a damned cent. " In 1885 the citizens of Howell by a vote of 427 to 6 granted the railroad $20,000i n bonds payable in 10 years at 6 percent interest . It was the hope that with this grant the railroad's repair shops would be located here. However, Owosso with a population of 2,500 (Howell's population was 2,176) received the shops . Owosso granted the railroad $25,000 with an additional " bonus." In 1888, the economic effect of the railroad shop in Owosso was causing great bitterness in Howell. The railroad 's payroll in Owosso was $8,000 a month. A railroad worker could make up to $1.50 a day (good wages for the time ) and $400 a year . There were 184 new homes constructed, mainly for rail workers . The houses were built for $130. If the house had plastered walls, ihe cost was an additional $50. In Howell, only four new homes and one store (Shippy's) was built during this period . The loss of the car shops increased the seeds of dischord which retarded community growth for many years . E. D. Stair, editor of the Livingston County Republican was a real pusher for community expansion stated in an editorial " What is wrong with Howell? Not quite enough enterprise to suit us.'' He proposed the village should incorporate as a city. He also proposed the construction of a water works, canning factory, additional factories , electric lights, normal school, and the construction of a new courthouse . Stair later sold the Republican to become the editor of the Detroit News. In the village elections of 1886, the village president was elected by a vote of 288 to 285. The council was so badly split that it took eleven ballots to elect a president pro tern and nine ballots to elect a treasurer . One of the seven elected councilmen resigned . His resignation was not accepted so he refused to attend meetings . Issue after issue continued to divide the community for 383 many years. Despite all the issues , the community seemed to have confidence in the leadership. In 1890, some taxpayers refused to pay taxes for the year 1885. Despite the fact that the city hired two attorneys, one whose fee was $370 and the second was paid a $1000 bond bearing 7 percent interest, the Supreme Court held the village liable for the bonds. The village couldn't pay the bonds. They requested the state legislature to allow the village to float another issue. The request was granted in 1895. As the Toledo, Ann Arbor and Northern track construction approached Howell in 1885, a serious problem was encountered. The Detroit, Lansing, and Northern Railroad refused right of way across their tracks on the eastern outskirts of Howell. AA&N tracks were located on both sides . During the night of Saturday, January 4, crews came north and overnight they dug under the D, L & N tracks and installed a prefabricated wooden bridge holding up the D, L&N tracks and the tracks were united . Armed guards were posted to protect the north-south route . On Sunday evening, officials of the two railroads met in Howell. An "agreement" between the parties was reached and the Ann Arbor guards were removed . On Monday a crew of DL&N roughnecks arrived and filled in the bridge. This fill in and dig out continued for many days. There were many brawls between the two crews . The citizens of Howell were extremely angry over the turn of events . The local argument was bitter towards the Ann Arbor management. They should have anticipated the problems, since there were six other similar crossing problems on the DL&N. A meeting was called for at the courthouse where community leaders met with railroad officials of both companies. Howell wanted service from both companies and were able to work out a compromise. The Ann Arbor right of way was moved several rods east and a ground level crossing was agreed upon. The crossing was maintained by a switchtower. Thirteen cast iron switches were installed to change tracks. The crossing was initially called Howell Junction, but in 1906 the interchange was renamed Ann Pere , named in honor of the two operating companies . The switch tower has been abandoned and today the interchange is manually operated by the train crews . The railroad entered Howell from the southeast , through the center of town, then veered north parallel to Byron Road. The company fared numerous problems within the village, not the least of which as numerous sinkholes, before the route left the town on the northwest. As the route passed Grand River at the site of the old lv:I gate, it would cut the old fairgrounds in half . The livestoc'.· area would be separated from the grandstands, so the railroad paid for the removal to a new site on the northeast corner of the present M-59 and Byron Road . During the 1890's the fairground was foreclosed when payments cc .Jn't be made . The cemetery at Barnard Street was in the path of the tracks. Stones and monuments were removed from the area and stored for future placement when all the bodies were removed to the present cemetery site. Relatives were responsible for the removal, with some compensation from the railroad. In removing bodies, people were careless to dig up their own relatives and carelessly threw dirt aside. Several bodies couldn't be found and the track ran over the top of them . Because of a steep grade that would be necessary, a two block " tunnel " bore would have to be dug from Barnard Street to just east of the depot site . Special crews had to be brought into the village to dig the tunnel. These workers were housed in run down buildings on North Michigan (site of the Livingston County Press building ). Once the bore had been 384 dug, plank boards were placed several feet above the tracks , thus creating a " tunnel." For several years the plank boards, North Street, were used as a thoroughfare. The "tunnel " was used to curb the unpleasant smoke odor in one of the best residential neighborhoods . Hopefully the tunnel would cause horses not to be frightened, however horses were frightened by the sounds under the street. Age and unsafe conditions caused the plank road to be closed. The " tunnel" was torn down and replaced in 1902 by the three bridges which cross the Ann Arbor today . With the railroad going through a residential neighborhood, many small children going to the new East Ward School would have to cross the tracks. Crossing gates were built at the crossing. Despite problems , most citizens at the time believed that the Toledo, Ann Arbor and Northern Railroad coming to Howell was a successful venture . Among those expressing this view was State Railroad Commissioner, William McPherson , Jr . The railroad built a $3000b rick depot. Because the railroad " thought highly of Howell," they used brick instead of wood, which was the customary material of the day . Other facilities built by the railroad included an enginehouse , watertower, a stockyard located at the southwest corner of Page Field, a loading platform for milk cans and a large covered structure for coal. Coal cars would be pushed up on to the structure in a locomotive, and the coal would be dumped from the bottom of the car . On one of these operations , the engineer had a little too much to drink and pushed several cars off the end of the platform . An early benefit for Howell, in 1887d uring "the great fire," the Ann Arbor railroad brought fire fighting equipment from the city of Ann Arbor to help extinguish the blaze . A topic of discussion among many of the old timers and a mystery today: Did an Ann Arbor locomotive leave the tracks in the depot area and disappear into a sink hole? Many earlier residents remember hearing about this, but nobody remembers actually seeing the locomotive disappearing into the mud . A block from the depot on the northwest corner of Walnut and Clinton, a boarding house was opened . Travelers would stay overnight in Howell since the railroad provided no sleeper car service. Operated by Mrs . Marr, the establishment was well-known for its excellent food. Although the Ann Arbor was basically a freight hauler , passenger business was important. In 1888 they inaugurated a new passenger service with new equipment. New steam locomotives were purchased for $7,000 each (the cost of a new diesel locomotive today is about $350,000). New passenger cars were purchased for $3000 (the average cost for a new Amtrak coach today is $350,000 to $400,000). Excursions were organized by the railroad . In 1887 the newspapers had criticized the railroad for not providing enough facilities to take passengers to the annual farmer 's picnic at Whitmore Lake . Four-hundred-eleven passengers rode the rails from Howell and other stations enroute . An additional 61 passengers boarded at Cohoctah . The train arrived an hour late . The total attendance at Whitmore Lake was 15,000. Commenting on the future of excursions President H. W. Ashley commented , " looks like we got a winner." Excursion rates for five to 200 people were one to two cents a mile. A round trip to the National D.A.R. Encampment in Columbus, Ohio was $4.00. For $11.25, including admission , the traveler could go to the Cincinnati, Ohio Exposition . In 1890 the railroad carried 281,000 passengers and nine million passenger miles . On the surface the future looked bright, in 1890, but there were storm clouds on the horizon. When Henry Riggs was appointed chief engineer, he took a tour of the right of way and was abhored at the conditions of the track. He called it a "Jerkwater" railroad. The rail was of lightweight 56 pound steel mounted on hemlock ties. There was no ballast except over a few sinkholes. When ballasting was used, it was cinders from the steam locomotives, not rock as was customary. The wooden bridges were described as piles of wood. The 1,073 freight cars were mainly old and shabby. The immediate problem was to straighten the track built when the zig-zag right of way was obtained. The national depression of 1893 drove the railroad into bankruptcy . During this period many farmers were forced to leave and move into cities. The retail price of wheat dropped to 45 cents a bushel from an 1880 high of one dollar. The retail price of corn dropped to 30 cents a bushel, eggs 14 cents a dozen, and butter 14 cents a pound. The decline of the northern Michigan lumber industry cut deeply into the company's reserves . The Ashley's lost control in 1895a nd the new owner was the Delaware and Lackawanna Railroad . The name of the railroad was changed from Toledo, Ann Arbor and Northern to the Ann Arbor Railroad. In 1901,t he village of Howell granted a franchise to build an electric railroad . Even though the franchise was voided two years later , the Ann Arbor was one of the few railroads to realistically meet the competition of the inter -urbans . In 1911 the railroad purchased a McKeen car, a selfcontained train for passengers, mail and baggage. The "car " was powered with a gasoline engine. Howell was the homebase . It would stop each night in Howell. Passengers continuing their journey the next day would usually stay at Mrs. Marr 's boarding house. Every other day the train would make a round trip to Toledo. The car would make a normal trip to northern Michigan the other day . The Ann Arbor 's passenger service reached its peak in 1920 with 600,000 passengers . In 1951 when the railroad ended The old coal chutes at the Ann Arbor station . The cars wer~ emptied into bins and the coal was later distributed by horse and wagon . service , the average number of passengers was twenty to thirty per month. The last passenger train to ride the Ann Arbor rails was in the late 1960's when an excursion train originating on the Grand Trunk Western in East Lansing took fans to the Michigan State-Michigan football game in Ann Arbor . The Ann Arbor Railroad , under control of the Wabash Railroad , dieselized with the purchase of fourteen Alco (American Locomotive Co.) FA 2 road locomotives. Each locomotive generated 1600h orsepower . The cost of the FA 2's was around $160,000 each . None of the steam locomotives was preserved . In 1963, the Wabash Railroad, when it was merged in the Norfolk and Western , was sold to the Detroit , Toledo and Ironton Railroad . The new owners immediately started a program of upgrading the equipment. The 14 Alcos were replaced by ten GP 35 locomotives, purchased from Electro-Motive Division of General Motors. The Alcos are not entirely gone. The trucks of the GP 35's are some that were on the earlier Alco engines. The railroad proposed to close at least two of the three bridges over the "tunnel" during the 1960's. New "Hi-Cube" box cars would not fit under the bridges. Community pressure mounted over the possibility at bridge closings, so the railroad lowered the roadbed. The fourth Ann Arbor bridge in Howell, crossing Grand River on the eastern edge of the town was opened in 1938. The city of Howell and the Ann Arbor Railroad had another confrontation in the 1960's. The Ann Arbor had a policy of allowing no more road crossing due to the high cost of accident settlements when its trains ran into cars (or viceversa ). The city wanted to put a crossing at Catrell Street to lead to the industrial area . The railroad opposed the move. A compromise was reached , the city built the road , but blinker lights and a crossing gate were built. The financial condition of the railroad deteriorated during the late 1960's and early seventies . Most of the losses occurred from the operations of the ferry service across Lake Michigan. TheD .T. & I. ended its subsidies in the early 1970's and the Ann Arbor Railroad was once again in bankruptcy. 385 Ed Beach and his Santa Fe express wagon. He picked up from both train stat ions and distributed around town . THE ANN ARBOR RAILROAD IN 1975 AND THE FUTURE The railroad operates a fleet of fifteen diesel locomotives : the ten GP 35's and five Alco switchers . The first Ann Arbor diesel, number " 1," a Whitcomb switcher was sold several years ago. Today it operates on a museum railroad in Ohio. On February 26, 1975, the United States Railway Association, better known as CONRAIL, made known its preliminary plan for the future of the Ann Arbor. CONRAIL's function is to restructure seven bankrupt eastern railroads into a slimmed down, hopefully profitable rail system. The best known of these bankrupt lines is the Penn Central , which operates unit coal trains on the Ann Arbor today . The locomotives , coal cars , and caboose are either owned or leased by the Penn Central, but the crews are employees of the Ann Arbor . CONRAIL'S preliminary plan was to abandon all of the Ann Arbor from Dundee to Frankfort , including the ferry system . The abandonment of the railroad would be disastrous to the Howell area. The railroad averages more than three hundred unloadings in Livingston County each year . During 1973, the Dundee- Owosso route through Howell handled 198,555 carloads of freight. The largest local user of the Ann Arbor is the Chevron Asphalt Manufacturing Plant which supplies road surfacing materials to private and public contractors throughout Michigan. In 1974, 10,000 tons of asphalt were shipped from Finney , Ohio in 11,000 and 23,000 gallon tank cars . The shipping season lasts from late April through October . If rail service should be terminated, the cost of deliveries by truck 386 would be so prohibitive making continuing operations impossible. Bruce Products, manufacturers of specialized industrial compounds , stated that the discontinuation of rail service would be disruptive to their business . Four hundred and five tons which are presently being shipped by rail could be handled by trucks , but 855 tons of rail shipments could not be handled by trucks . Abandonment would mean the loss of sales and a reduction of jobs . The continuation of rail service would result in a steady increase in employment. In 1974 VCF Packaging Film handled twenty two carloads . The rail shipments result in considerable energy savings : 700 B.T.U.'s per ton mile by rail , compared to 2,400 B.T.U.'s per son mile if shipped by truck . Lott's Elevator in Cohoctah, with a 100,000b ushel storage elevator in Oak Grove, ships seventy five to one hundred carloads of grain yearly. Approximately one million bushels are handled , one half to three quarters are shipped to outside buyers, the rest is used locally. Each railcar represents three to four semi-loads by truck . It would be almost impossible to find the number of trucks necessary at harvest time. With trucks , the cost of energy would increase the per bushel cost ten to twenty cents. Abandonment would result in an estimated loss of 273 jobs with an estimated income loss of ten million dollars . The loss of jobs would be one and a half percent of community employment. Roads and highways in the county are in very poor repair and would be further deteriorated. The summary of the Report of the Livingston County, Michigan Rail Service Research Committee states , " Most industries would be able to accommodate transporattion by motor freight at increased costs, however, three major industries (Bruce , Chevron Asphalt and VCF) would be seriously impaired by the loss of rail service. The impact on community income and more importantly, employment, would be seriously impaired due to discontinuation of this rail service. Further expansion of existing industry would be restricted, if not limited." What is the future of the Ann Arbor Railroad? The main line, or portions of the line may be taken over by a prosperous railroad such as the Grand Trunk Western, Chesapeake and Ohio, or Norfolk and Western. If the main line should be abandoned (at this time this is unlikely), the track in Howell could be switched at Ann Pere off the Chessie System. The most likely solution to the future of the Ann Arbor is for the state of Michigan to acquire the entire 290 mile main line. If the state will guarantee 30 percent of the operating losses, CONRAIL will pay the remaining 70 percent. If the line is to be maintained, massive amounts of money will be needed to upgrade the track. The condition of some of the tracks limit the train speeds to ten miles per hour through Howell. The railroad has scheduled abandonment of its Lake Michigan ferry service December 31, 1975. A recent subsidy by the states of Michigan and Wisconsin will keep the ferry service in operation for at least two years, but probably much longer. At the present time, only one boat is in operating condition, the Viking (ex-Ann Arbor No. 7) and operates between Frankfort and Kewanee, Wisconsin where it interchanges with the Green Bay and Western Railroad (note the number of GBW yellow box cars that go through Howell on nearly every train) . The Arthur K. Atkinson (ex-Ann Arbor No. 6) has been out of service for two years . The railroad lacks the money to make expensive repairs, now estimated to be three million dollars. The third of the recently operated ferries, the City of Green Bay (ex-Wabash) was sold for scrap in 1974 and was towed to Spain for dismantling. At least one other Ann Arbor car ferry still exists . "No. 3," built in 1898, was sold by the railroad in 1965 and was converted in a barge, the Manistee. "No. 5" having survived a capsizing in Manitowac and sinking in the Frankfort harbor waited in an Italian scrapyard at the end of 1974. To many people the boat was best known as the City of Cheboygan taking automobiles and passengers across the Straits of Mackinac before the opening of the Mackinac Bridge in 1957. For many years afterward, the ship was used for potato storage, an inglorious end for a "grand old lady." The orange "Geeps" may disappear or be incorporated in the color scheme of some other railroad . As the future is being decided, the Ann Arbor continues to carry loads of automobiles and automobile parts, grains, paper products , coal, and other cargos. BIBLIOGRAPHY History of Livingston County, Michigan 1880 H0\11/el,l Livingston County, Michigan 1863-1963 Michigan: Geographic Backgrounds In the Development of the Common\11/ealth, Bert Hudgins Michigan : A History of the Wolverine State , Willis F. Dunbar Michigan In Four Centuries, F . Clever Bald Waiting For the Morning Train, Bruce Catton Early History of 0 11o\/sso, Adele Ball Grand River Road , Sadie G . Woodard Mich igan Place Nam es, Walter Romig All Aboard , Willis F. Dunbar The Pere Marquette Railroad Company, Paul Wesley Ivey Railroads of Today, S. Kip Farington Jr. C and O Po\11/er, Alvin Staufer More Classic Trains , Arthur Dl'IJin The Ann Arbor Railroad : 50 Years Ago , Henry Riggs Austin -Rich Geneology Toll Gates Era to Live Again at Dedication of Memorial Detroit Free Press A Trip Do\11/na n Old Plank Road , Ernest Force Old H0\11/ell Ne\11/spaper Recalls Days of Stage Coach and Rebel Amnesty, State Journal , November 5, 1949 Living ston County Press , May 17, 1939 A Stroll Do\11/nM emory Lane , Livingston County Press , March 10, 1963 State Historical Marker, Ho\11/ell Depot A Great Calamity , Livingston County Press, May 16, 1963 The Inside Track, March , Apr i l, 1975, Vol. 5-2 The Inside Track, September, October , 1975 Vol. 5-4 Pere Marquette Timetable , Sept. 11, 1932 C and O Trying to Drop Passenger Trains In State, State Journal, 1947 Tra ins, June 1947, Page 6 Trains, July 1947, Page 6 End of the Line for No. 19, State Journal, April 5, 1970 Railroad Cra\11/lst o a Slow Death, Detroit Free Press , March 21, 1971 Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Advertisement, State Journal, Nov . 6, 1964 The Million Miles Before Overhaul Diesel , J . David lngals , Trains , June 1975, Page 22 The Diesel That Didn't Quite Do It, J . David lngals , Trains July 1975, Page 22 End of Passenger Service, Livingston County Press, 1951 Livingston County Press, July 9, 1958 The State Journal , December 13, 1962 New Amtrak Cars On Display, New York Times, July 20, 1975 Report of the Livingston County , Michigan, Rail Service Research Committee Ho\11/ell Chamber of Commerce Files: Ann Arbor Railroad The late Ethel Chapel Duane Zemper Clifton Heller Robert and Ann Barney Ann Combs Jeff Shaffer Mark Co\11/les Fred Catrel I PERE MARQUETTE RAILWAY COMPANY 1934 c4290 PASS Mr. F. B. Rich.---- Agent and YardJ'Tl8.ster. BEiWEEN ALL STATIONS UNTIL DECEMBER 31, 1934 UNLESS OTHERWISE ORDERED AND SUBJECT TO CONDITIONS ON BACK Valldzh countersigned by G. W. Eckerle, . W~Ka S. H. Lalnl,,Jr, or F. D. Groll CO~ nE~~IG .• D ~ -. •/. r'JY, (,A._,,A\.- / . / ,'./I' !.. j:_ _.- ._ / VICE PRESIDENT . ./ / SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR 1898 There were 57 Livingston County men in service . Five divisions were activated and there were county men in all of them . The first four divisions were in Cuba and included seventeen Livingston County men . 31st DIVISION-Sam A. Smith , Louis B. Rolison, William H. Stephens; Cienfugas , Cuba 34th DIVISION-Willis Lyons ; Aquadores , Cuba 35th DIVISION-Edmund Shields, Maynard Boven, Fred W. Knapp, John Alger. Thomas E . Calvert. Herb H. Cook, Walter L. Doolittle, Herbert Hall,. Herbert Sweet, Charles A. Schuch, Archie M. Silsbee, Beecher A. Storey, Fred Pearson; Augusta , Georgia. 387 The Howell Airport By DON HALL After World War I, an era of the Airplane was started and all over the country the Airplane was a new adventure. Many of the pilots had flown during the War and had acquired surplus aircraft from the government and started barnstorming the country giving rides and putting on shows for those who would gather in pastures and fields. The airports were rather few and far between. The Howell area was one of the many communities visited by these itinerant pilots and their "Jennies," as they were called. These visits stirred some of the populace into thinking about the sport and business of flying. In the spring of 1928, a local man by the name of Ralph J. Hall purchased a WACO 10 Airplane from the factory in Troy, Ohio and brought it to the Howell area. As there was no Airport in the Howell area , the airplane was flown from a field located on Byron Road which was part of the Coleman property near the railroad tracks north of M-59. This field was used for a time and then the plane was moved to the Seth Ruppert property where the Northwest Elementary School is now located . Flying lessons were given to a number of the local people from the field by two instructors, the first being Frank Dorbrandt, who later went to Alaska to fly for an Airline there. The second was Gerald Black, who later operated a field in the outskirts of Detroit. Of the group who started, Mr. Hall went on to become a Flight Instructor. Lyle Schnackenberg later purchased another WACO and Ray Holt worked on the aircraft keeping them in operation and in the 30's built a large maintenance hangar . This field was, in the beginning , maintained and operated by the individualswho used it, until the 30's when the City of Howell became involved and it was operated as a City Airport. As the economy changed , so also did the airport and for a period in the 1930's was to suffer its ups and downs. Mr . Winfield Line, who owned the Line's 5-10 Stores, puchased a plane in the Mid-30's and based it at the airport and the activities started being renewed around 1938 when Harvey Hughes of Lansing started giving flying lessons at the Howell Airport. In 1943, activities were beginning to increase and Joe Grostic and Dean Parks of Howell started a Flight School. This rejuvenation was right at the end of World War II and the Airport began to flourish. After World War II , the Airport saw much activity as the Veterans began returning and became interested in learning to fly under the G.I. School program . Also, the City Council began to think in terms of acquiring a new location for the Airport as many new homes were being constructed near the Airport and no room was available for expansion. The City of Howell purchased acreage west of Howell in the Howell Township and with the benefit of local and state funds , had the area improved with two runways constructed. Mr. Robert Miller constructed some of the hangars at the field and those who had aircraft at the Old Howell City Airport moved to the new location . During the period of the acquiring of property and construction of the new Airport , flying again took a dip as the GI program was coming to an end and the Flight Schools closed down their operations and the only instruction was given to those who wished to fly by individuals who had an Instructor 's rating, namely Joe Grostic, Dean Parks and Harry Bartshe . In 1957, a pilot by the name of Lawrence 388 Clara Sharpe-the first woman from Howell to ride in an airplane . An old bi -plane at the Howell airport . Miller took over the operation of the Airport and proceeded to buy and sell Airplanes, later constructing a maintenance hangar on the propety . Many improvements were asked for by persons using the field and the City Council being divided as to the need were not inclined to spend any money toward improving the Airport. A group of interested persons formed a committee to see if it would be possible for an arrangement to be worked out with the City Council and the County Supervisors. The City, in the month of June 1963, decided to turn the Airport property over to the County for a sum of $1.00, which was graciously accepted . In August of 1964, the County entered into a Grant agreement with the Federal Airport Authority to obtain Federal Aid for the development of the Livingston County Airport and accepted the low bid from Howell Construction Company for paving the Airport runway and aprons . A private group raised the needed money to construct the Administration Building. In May of 1966, Spencer Hardy was appointed as Airport Manager and the Airport was licensed for limited use. The Airport has continued to be improved through the years and now is an asset to the Community. At the present time, there are 35 planes based at the Airport ranging from training type Aircraft to Corporate twin-engine Aircraft. There have been approximately 33,000 flights in and out of the Airport per year . The Airport facilities consist of a 3,000 foot long by 75 foot wide runway with a bituminous surface , partial paralleled taxiways serving the runway and a bituminous surfaced parking ramp in front of the Administration Building which is 200 ft. by 300 ft . The runway is lighted for night flying and has indentifier lights (REIL) on the east end of the runway. For housing Aircraft at the present time there are 20 "T " type hangars and one 80 ft. by 80 ft. Maintenance hangar, along with 41 Aircraft tiedown positions. The Administration Building, which was constructed in 1965, is used for Office space for the Airport Manager and for pilots and visitors to the Airport. We have come a long way from the pasture-type field to the present day Airport that now serves the community . LIVINGSTON REPUBLICAN VOL . l.Xlll No. 36 HOWELL . LJVJNG~TON CO UNTY , MICHIGAN , NOVEMBER 6, 1918 A G·REAT REPUBLICAN VICTORY Newberry Doubtless Elected, But By Reduced Majority MICHIGANR=E=P=U BLICADN~ ~I So~me~wh==e=r=e i=tnh =e ==. US==A. ===. ==ID=L '.OOKLS IKEE NDO f WAR n WHROEL~E~ c:sMmcEA·CNl fASNW Pf f :ELE CTED BY OVE l<WREU II NG IN COUNlY MAJORITIES, FROll 60,000 TO 100,000 Goaded hy Presidr-nt Wi1£on's inllinuation s that :·epuOli.cans were not 100 per cent loyltl to the war and that tae electio n of 1·epublican" 10 congresli wou ld be pleaiing to the German Emp ire, the republican.;; of '.\l.it'hignn put REPUBLICANRSRE YV ERYTHINIGNL IVINGSTON OD war J>i!int Tu,.~•lay an•l w<'nt to !t.1:-i TAT F. TI O\ET SOO 'IA JOR17Y~ The whole state ticket is elected by COlXTY TI CKET •. \LL RI:PU Bma joriti es ,~nging an~··d.1ere from LICA~ 60 ,000 to 100,000 majoritiet<. I -- Trum an H. H. ~ewberr:; iit p:-obab- ?•·e•i<lt nt Wil..on·.~ , .. :~·~1t.h e m ·d- }y elttted l'. S. Sen:ito r by 12,000 to I throwing_ campai~ oi ,omr of the 16,000 majority, The republican state d<.mo..:rat1c candidate~ and the ('Oneomm iuee claim 2S.,000 the democra- tinue<l :n,-inu ation!' by the d(';nocr..it:e tic state committee claim For d is county committee that ?tpl1blic-<1n.-1 elected by aboul 3,000. The return s were not lo,:al to t he war .:.nd could are not yet compl~te enough to be not be trust"'e<l to have a ,•oic~ in tl>• 1ure either wa v. A 1eport just re- go'"ernment of the LnitEd !:-tatn di ceived from t.he st.ate democr ati c combi ned to put reput..liea n11 on I.he One of the real e\"Cn!s of :he ,e.l~on committee 118)'11 that Wa rne county war path thus pa..,ing the way for a loccu~red last Frida ~· c..-ening when baa giv en Ford 24.000 but the re pub- clenn republican vietory in Li,..ingston )~f:lvin Hart ~ntertained Lunch ?f l ican claims th at N"ewberry ca n O\·er- eounty. Every man on the iepub lican I his . male friend;; at. h,s hom e in come 25,000 or 30.000 in Detroit. ti<'ket ~·as elected by safe major ities Mar ion. Af ter th e u.rnal carJ games 'i I A phone from th e st.ate eentral r e- rurmlng from 800 down. Ford may · we_re played .an~ refre !'hme ntl' w~re pub lican committee rtteived at. 2:SO have possibly have carri ed th e county en.Joyed, the liquid r~fre shme nts bei ng thia Wedne&day afternoon ju st as we by a small major ity . milk an~ sweet cider_ ~e company l SOLDIERINST ERES.-T~I!:N'!nc~FG,;; ,~ :;~t 1::::e"~li~.Jl:~~~-e:~~'· So to pre ss cl.aims Newberry by J2,- Below we give the majorities 00 t~e n adJoumed to the .. iumg roo~ to IKlO to JS,000 majorit y. the state tkket .., iodieat<d by the hste n to some exoelle nt pohweal LETTER '"' Ro, Ga.!,p == ====== === first retu rn s. 8Pttc.h es. R. L. Sehafer act.ed as FOR SA.L&--Re:1;11e.r~ Shtoprhlre: u.-u TBE CIRCUIT COU RT Stat e Ticket toast master and reEpon«es were made aml ram., John Grle,·u. -- The republican st.ate ticket carried by_ A. F . Go~o n, We!'ley Witt)·, Paul FROM SOME WHERE I~ FRAN CE, 3316" J-'owien·llle. R. a Ju dre Jo i;eph Collins came over the count y by about SOO maj ority 38 1\hlJe~, Melvm H ar t , a nd Eugene SEPT. 1918 LO~T-~ttn's rubber for ldt foot. s1u1 1. } &at Wednesday ancflR!lrifffl case of If ollows: Marn s. J-"intle:rr en,rn 10 Rf'PJMkan offite. !Fr'.i~~yj!n·oo,~nio:an:d;,,t~heeJna;;the~e:et,o,:Io~J!-~kju :T.dcyngk 80 o,-:"h·hgaOh:< b:..t ~J;l;G· Dem. ~iif~~·;ti?::.::f~::ti~:s Scme whe,;.!: ~~;~• , WASTE~A yo.,g Oady 0 • ~:•:o _,,. u.. Dur ~riend Gouldie:- In Studio. A1,i,I)" a: ontt. the matter under advisement. The Conway 21 :lj~:: tt; ~Jill~~,t h e boyt to go home I h:.\·e ju.~t received your letter o( 3~1: The Lutlv.lg S:udlo. eon te ntian seems to be as to who h u Deerfield 1 the 14th of Augu st and was very gla d i..OST-.~l,o: !old:r.s c-hRlt"· on-rorih mlle the r ight to fh.h or not to fi sh on Genoa to he~ r from you. It found me well ,....,.1 of F L. L.nd•lfy !.um on Harl· Silver Lak e, Hamburg. Mr . Beach Green Oak 43 3'· 1o1vrRT HTr OPJJ and cnjoy:ng life in Sun ny Fran<'e . lRml T\llltl. own s 80me of the Jak e, oth er parties Ha mburg l ., [ [ Here is hoping t.his will find you and 11.11 H;,rry C<'Oll~lth. Howell ;;;oac: ti:: 1:n~!::.:! t;o:1'::;; t~:~ 53 fORM ICHIGr.A\~Nr~e~~ :o :tth:1~:~ki:;:!~ in the ''";~~,~~~.0. :'~,.,"~'~:!~r~ :rt•r~I!~:: the other owner s have the right to Howell Twp. 46 ~t=.tcll. :,·ou ought to see them O\'er tu,.•i,?l.p. l'v~10Hilf', Hov.,u. )lich. fish on their part of the lak e but not Howell City 1st p 68 here in Fi·~nt'e, I waF out la.«t night 31'.~' on hia and they have not the right. to Howt-il City 2nd P 51 ~nd p:cked _t en c1~arts. , . w.,:,TCO-To ,~, 1,, !(,u(?l w!'.h M)" one ~:rtt !~:nf~i: 0 ::::~ 1t:h1:r'.(e: 0 th ei r ~~::~on 1 :2 UNITWEDA WR ORCKA MPAmIG~Nk :;~.t:ia:~~;3 ~~!r ~:~t ;~~t"' .. ::c1:: :,:· 1 ~~~:~:ne. Oeeola 17 A year .i.go the 18th of September I -------,,--,---,-,,:-,-----:- SEVEN WEEK~ 1} t TIL CHR IST· ,~;n~a:d~,.~lla ?.8 ~·• ~~ 't,8.(}~?i~A ;~:~ !:l;;: k:n~t~:;~ s';: ;;!~~F !'~{-~~~~1~::~ri~~~ 1 :::e::.o~s 1t1:: ._ 47 a long, long, w2y from there. But at __________ _ m:ve~:::i:~P~; a~i sgir~:a r;!~: u ~nr y TR.0 68 In the United W~r Work Campaif.:' ;!;1:~,=:~P. ;-o1::tt:t"~ ~ t~:: .,~~~/::t:~5:1~.~u~:hl 2~!~ :;:! ~~ your sitti ngs as soon aspo ssible and The vote for representative fol- ~:~ 1 ::s::~i,~:~: 1::~:re~,;di~ffere~nt ~tha~n in Engla.n~. . 1 "k" Ir• HCIII, Ho,n:1. ·.Gt$• gi ve us plenty of time to finish them. low~: th . k f th y , 1 C Thcrt• wa.l' a long while we didn t FOR S I\L E-A good houae .and ~oo,h,hed, You get the Enlargement F'REE if :Ross Cole to c~r;/nc e v.o~ 0. (: · h, 1"• set anv rain and ;twas awful dry and al~ lt.1rn. Would do for A"araa;f'. J'01l ha.ve your sitting before Dec. first Brighton 149 A;, · · . · A,-, · ationa . at .? c hot anj no·,\·w e get rain and lo~ or iL 3~t-t· Ira Hull. Ho•ell We tan make your sitti ng Rain or Conwav 71 ~;;; :;;J,\j;o~~a~ './,; J~:~~~:I~;\ \i"e don't g€'. so ver)· much d~ill!ng FOi: ."ALt:-t;umtci~. f"' ra,r. S0I 0 Si.t. e. Oeerli~ld 9 Service American Librar A•socio.- o·.er h":e but we do a lot of h1ke1ng Cl.l:ti: l.: J..;r.i):<m. <inola. :.-viotoffi"', THE L UDW I G STU DIO 36U Genoa , ticm a~d lhe Sah-atio n A :in ·. Li·:- bu! we were to that before we Ho~tll 1. :jt:? We have full line of Needle s, Bobbin s, Shuttl es Md other repair parts f or all sewing machi nes. A. J. Park · er & Co. 3Stf 'u:r easu r)? IDe pt· ] Green Oak 47 . . ; . l<>ft uirt.er. ~,e were at one pl ace----------- Ha mburg 11 mgston County will nc. er be ;,at1-.ficd I h Id h h b" L t FOH F,\L E-To,n n-.al~tert'd lm1•1'0\etl Top 96 to do less than her i;hare. w Crt' ~e cou ear t e ig guns u Dth,lne mm•. pr,<e: rea,oo.u.ble. ~:~~:od 52 .1 I Th e following o!fic"r" with the J we cant. any more._ 3~tl C. f. Klttkler, Oak G~·.-,. l1kh. Howell Twp, 40 I County Wa.r . Board com ~r i~e_ :he. -.e~~~;:~;::. ~:,':!o!:ua.~~J~u;;~~~ f"VJ: :--1\LB-l:umn:ip ('(!'lter•I• anti hf'ns Howell City l et pr e 46 ~~:;ty )~~;mi~:,p::~: th ~~a~r::~ !O \"~·rh rt". I'll bet ?'OU woul<l Jaug. h. ~{/~·· ~-oo."~';i,:::":i;}.:! 0 !1 ~~- Howell City 2nd pre 72 Hair, L Williami,· ,.;<""lr'h ainne n LI ~nd !ht' \\lo)" the:: drive horses too. IOS<'O I E ) ,· d f J F" hl k ' J ha'.e only been to tO"'ll tw ice FIii: !"\L;:-("r) IJI•. j4 .:n,I .n IIO\\tcll ~venl h Federal Rf'&t'r\"f' Dis trict I OcN>la 11 • me "'" "" can go to wn even< )la rio n 17 Ita r!~ 0;:t ~n C!:nk. t~-:i.::; ;c'r1 · .nce r• .e been here, gomgtosome, for! :;.•Lv l,u n I• .. J ' tc (I }, ;~.,; ... , ... 110" Ce't .,fi,at<o or Ind ebtedn ess I Putnam -16 '.'.kPhei;.on, D'.'ec~tor of \\ omc,n's m"° 0 ht after ti3t1 but. v.e hav e to be 1-'Jlt '< \ L:;._,\bot.t 100 hu~ht-1" <htMe I T 28 1\\01k, Mu.HF, B:111cn, D1"('torof ,.,,.k •-fo,e 9"'1 P. M that ,,n't so "011!un "1Y .. ;.,,.,. SlOO 1r l,u~h,:1 Organiution I yror.e \ G J " \I \I rtl \\ Jk vu~ "" "' l l'nadilla 44 1-.o~~t~1~('('l~r\f "\~tto1~ 1.!.:.,1 r:;;b ad 1s1!' ~;~_:" ~"-~\.ood.sor•h, H<'•tc:1 jfir st St ate 'O-' ,' ) l ;.1·or11.,· 23i for R IJ\IC lu1k D1reetor of l' c.bli( t '-"' ,..-, e h a,, n• ,, .., ma.n} men m our $a "ftta s jSn n R : William C. Miller lh,nk-i I J• • tOmp&n. • TIO\\ T~~y have been ~nt H:,~\~~~ ~;:n~11"1~p1,,.~~~~. .~ ~1:'~":1~;~ V :;, 1 Tc.e ,·otc! for ,.herifT follows: A me1:t1ng of th~ Count) Comm •t,... uTf'tt) elo~" ·~ l-n" fron t or rathl'r 1,.,. ,f tAl •n ~t u1, e tr, i, " " "tcra The Weet Front The news from the West Front is ~ti nued on pag e 4 ) 50 MeWn anted u. s. Government Work Hi ghes t wages and piece work . Serve yo ur country. Aeroplane and munitions are needed in Fr ance as badl y as men. 1 Call either plant ; ask for Employment Dept . Howell, Michi ga n I I }lill cr Gortoh '!;;h~\~~!.i~'" c:::/o~;~,.~~:· :\ H::; :bi~:':ie~\::;:r'!;:~,'~r11~ ;:n~~~ ~.: 1' ~·,rn =1~~ i\S SUllSCRIOED FOR IOU pe1·1 ~::!~: l: vclock, which wa" attemkd V:,-;,l,o•.t fro_nt now. 'f:<>cur~e ·a re knocking •·\'.!~-~-~~:~..~. }·-ir -:i lull 1t ,,.,nth•) H II El t • cent of iU. quota on the M'l"iCS of Con\,a\" 35 om• hundred repre.~(·llt..::a\i'.l'.f\rIo m the lfl•: H- o .. • 0.1. t~C' Gel'mans ~Ow an_d I:. 1:. U1i.1•,. Ii 6:':l,1:i<I. :,:. h. ~FD. l . I owe ec rte T0 0 RedEA 0 _!Ua',;~;cipCal!~!i l ~l~~:Es ii;- !D t-cifi~ld ,. 1lifTercnt part!' or the tountv. Ail- I :,1.i!'(' !>(•J•e .n• .· can k«'p 1t up, ar -~· FOUR TH LIBERTY LOA'.\' I Genoa ., 1l~e;;..:e&W {'re mad£' l-ym• ·1"li*,-~ of 1he ~:;~ j~': ;n~on': t,die\·e it. will l32't 1-·<11: :'.\U:-T'.,{'.l-t.[11L1•··l ~,,..,,l"'hlff' Motors Co. 48 ":II" Bo.irtl, alllO by 1 1w:.iker~ from ti," . g · Hull 1.,mlt--., u"l c,ne 1-i+1n ue mm: •11,0 ~ ~I~~Cl~?~E~noeoi ~t:~~~i!'1::d I ~:.~~-J?;k 42 Stull' headc1uarters [n Det10,t. ''O\••r \\(' SU it' ~et i;cod meal1 over here "lli1,:m,n )!•II.ml, )! .. chino, Ph one 22 Financial Sen•itt. !Il Handy tie the ~op" /;r l~~:lng~tl::.w::tl\~:t:~ ~:;:· ~~~I:~::~:/ i:~. w~t~i!\~~t~;: :_~,f . , w " Clark. Ho..-tll di =DERAL RE SE R\ ' £ 11Hfao,la::l.lnd1'•p. 4481 I th e canvas· fo lle es and than l ever thought we would get . Sflt.\\l.l>-•·,,w rny h1•me <1 a 0 .. - • u. e· w··: '_' au·~er ::a".'·;nh;·,·.;''" BANK OF CHI CAGO I Howell City IS9 g c :,.: , :s _ .. ,,v::, "' ~1 ; Piacal A~nt of l oseo : ond N t h 'Ute UNITED STATE S ~a!~a n 3 everyone doing hi s or her pa Fir tt A r~ary Banquet, Com• WANTED-At the Sanatorium a man pence It J_Jl.l( eDeopl. Gooremor Putnam Tyrone Unadilla Majority 46 the boys "o\'er there''-t. hr ough the pany K., 33,t ln!., Thursday even- -,Ith family to ••rk on farm. a fireman 28 orga1\l zations that go "every ste p ot ing. Sept . 19th , 1918, "Som ewhere in and a 1eam1te:r. Apply to Stewart!, L. Machine Co. 134 the way." Fr an«," m~u : Roast of chick en, ~- :i:;:m 110 :~eu.to Superh:itend3~':i £. '722 for 11.iller Th e long arm of these great ag en- oyst.er dress mg, mashed potatoe s ala .,.,-,--,-.,---,-------- cie« extend• all th e way from the 600 (Continued on pag e 8) FOR SALE-O ne l'OOd work borae at your Phone 29 club s operated by the War Camp own pr ice, so1n1 away tor the winter-. Community Service on thi s side, to Fine large assortment of watcb ff, ~nn~l~;:~: 7 s~e ~ p-a- w prime (Continued on pag e 6) cklck.9 and ailverwace at Chapels' .S6t2 31ll li. o. Beach, Ham.burs, .u:,cn. Jolm A.. Hapau The Tote for oount, clerk follow •: (Con- - - .. The old post office on Mich . Ave . The newspaper "Republican" was upstairs . Newspapers and Radio By A.J. MARV IN HOWELL - The Livingston County Press is the second oldest newspaper among Michigan weeklies . The first publication was the Livingston County Courier and was published Jan. 10, 1843, in the Village of Brighton. Nicholas Sullivan was the publisher and Frederick C. Whipple was editor. After several months , Sullivan moved the paper to Howell and the first issue was published Oct. 11, 1843, which is considered as the actual birthday of the Livingston County Press. Lewis H. Hewett became editor with the move and continued in that position until Dec. 11, 1844. In September , 1846, the paper was sold to E.R. Powell. He in turn sold to William B. Smith in December , 1848. Smith was publisher until April , 1856, when the paper was 390 purchased by George P. Root. It continued for one year before publishing was discontinued. REPUBLICAN FOUNDED The Livingston Republican was the other predecessor of the Livingston County Press . Under H. and L.M . Smith, it is . believed the first issue was published April 27, 1855. George L. Sage became editor and publisher on July 6, 1859, with George W. Lee sharing the financial interest. James Bowers bought the paper in 1862 and became editor and publisher until he died in 1866. On Christmas Day of that year, Andrew D. Waddell and Julius D. Smith took possession with Waddell as editor and manager until 1868 when he sold his interest to Smith . For the next nine and one-half years, Smith was associated with various businessmen , F.H. Marsh , Solomon T. Lyon, George W. Axtell and E.R. Vanderhoef. Late in 1877, Smith and Vanderhoef sold to L. C. Miller . In the summer of 1884, Miller sold to E .D. and Orrin Stair . In 1889 the Stairs sold the paper to George Barnes and bought the Detroit Free Press. Barnes ' son, Albert , worked with his father but left later to publish another paper . THIRD PUBLICATION Yet a third predecessor came out in August of 1857 called the Livingston Democrat. Joseph T. Titus, as ardent Democrat himself , came here from a Jackson paper. He and his son , John P. Titus , continued as owners until February 7, 1890 when they experienced business failures. Leading county Democrats formed a stock company and bought the office. John Ryan, retiring county clerk , took charge and Titus continued to work on the paper. Ryan bought up the other company members ' stock. He was publisher and proprietor for 37 years. During that era the paper was from four to eight pages long. The heading read "Crisp County News Collected by Careful Correspondents ." One could get the New York Weekly Tribune and the Livingston Republican for one year for $1.50. The paper was full of ads for cures for backache, catarrh, sore throat or consumption, and one could buy buffalo robes, horse blankets, harnesses (single or double) and sleigh bells. In September, 1915, Roy Caverly purchased a half interest in the Livingston Republican. He had worked for Barnes previously but left in 1910 to become publisher of the Pinckney Dispatch. In June of 1928,H erbert R. Gillette and William H. Canfield bought the Democrat and operated it until it consolidated with the Republican . Canfield served as editor, A.R. Crittenden was associate editor. MERGE On Aug. 1, 1929t he two Howell publications merged and the name of the new paper was The Livingston County Republican-Press, with Barnes, Caverly, Gillette and Cansfield as stockholders and proprietors. After Barnes ' death in 1936 his partners bought his interests. In February, 1939, Cansfield sold his financial holdings in the paper to Caverly and Gillette and bought the Northville Record . Leslie Merritt, who had been a composing room employee since 1936, was named editor. Later the word Republican was dropped from the paper. Gillette died in 1957. Caverly had bought out his interest in the paper earlier in the year and became sole owner. The business offices of the newspaper were separated from the printing plant in the fall of 1962 when Caverly sold the business and facilities to Wesley F . Willett and Ray Clift, co-publishers of the Associated Newspapers , Inc., a string of several weekly newspapers. The offices were moved across the street from the printing office, to 112 N. Michigan. James D. Miller became general manager and advertising manager while D. Peter Walters served as editor after Merritt's retirement in January of 1963. Merritt returned to help put the Centennial Edition of the paper together . OFFSET During the summer of 1965 the "hot type" operation and rotary press were discontinued for newer offset (cold type) processes available in nearby plants. During the week of Dec. 29, 1965, the editorial , advertising , business and circulation offices were moved back to the present address at 111 N. Michigan. David Willett, son of one of the publishers , was made manager of the job printing business and Alex Towas was general manager of the newspaper end. During the week of Jan. 12, 1966, Alice Gray , who had been associate editor for a year, was promoted to managing editor. Previous to that Mrs . Gray had been assistant editor at the Pinckney Dispatch. She had worked with Roger Turner of the Associated Newspapers ' editorial staff in co-production of the newspaper under the offset printing process. She assumed the responsibilities of both editorial production and layout. Livingston County Press artist Burl (Bud) Greely designed a new emblem for the buildings housing the Press and the Livingston Printing Co. Since then it has been known as the Graphics Building. Greely also designed the new 125th year nameplate. On January 1, 1969, the LCP came under new management. T?~p aper was acquired by a newly-formed company, L1vmgston County Press, Inc. , headed by Richard L. Milliman of Lansing. Milliman and his partner, Richard A. Jones of Bloomfield Hills also acquired the Livingston County Printing Co., both companies under the supervision of Milliman. Allen C. Nequette had been and remained general manager and Mrs . Gray stayed on as managing editor until December , 1972. In October, 1972, David L. Jaehnig was brought in from Lake City as editor and remains in that position as of this writing. One hundred thirty-two years of almost constant publishing and the Press has survived everything from stage coaches and plank roads to elections and world wars. It has been buffeted from wall to wall for taking stands and criticized for remaining neutral , but the news goes on and the Press has come from 4000 subscribers in 1929 to some 15,000 at the present time . The Press in recent years , has been recognized both nationally and at a state level for its expertise in bringing news of the county to its readers . By the next centennial celebration , the readers of that era will be able to say "Congratulations on your achievements over the years." The Gentleman Bum By MARY REED My father, Orville E . (Bus) Reed, started his own direct mail advertising business in the back room of our house when we moved to Howell in 1942. In 1947,h e had enough steady business to open an office in the First National Bank building, corner of Grand River and South Michigan Avenue. Mildred Hubbel became his secretary and worked with him for eighteen years. Dad's office was one of several-including Earl Sharpe and Lloyd Berrier-located on the second floor of the building overlooking Michigan Avenue. The entrance was the single door on the Michigan Avenue side; you climbed wobbly wooden steps to reach the narrow hall which divided the offices from the meeting hall where Rotary had its Monday meetings . Cribbage games were often the later afternoon sport among the tenants. During the first year Dad had his office uptown, I would sometimes work for him on Saturdays-typing lists , sorting files. My wage was 40 cents an hour. I also worked at a couple of Rotary banquets-evening affairs-helping to serve ; my wage was 50 cents. In the early 1950's, Orville Reed moved his office to Peanut Row-State Street-facing the Courthouse . He had the first floor office complex of three rooms now used by Fred Rieckhoff. In the 1960's he moved to Berriman Building on Barnard Street. Part of his daily routine was attending the coffee round table at Family Restaurant and going to the post office about 9: 15 to pick up the daily mail. Both spots were popular meeting places for local businessmen and good opportunities to learn news of the day and local gossip. GENTLEMAN BUM DIES By ALICE GRAY The identity of one of LCP's favorite columnists-the Gentleman Bum-was a well kept secret. 391 So well kept, in fact , that we didn't know ourselves until Howell lost one of its favorite citizens last week. Orville Edward (Bus) Reed died Dec. 19. We, here in the editorial office, felt a personal Joss. His cheery greeting every morning as we both fished mail from the lock boxes at the Howell Post Office started the day off in the right vein. We didn't know he was the Gentleman Bum-we'd suspected, but not known. There was that tell-tale , wry sense of humor , that occasional gentle poke at the frailties of human nature , that appreciation of the better qualities of man , that both Bus and the Gentleman Bum shared . But we weren 't sure. His daughter Mary V. Reed confirmed our hunch . "The Gentleman Bum was originally started by my Dad while he was living in Cleveland , Ohio in the early 1920s. When Dad closed his office in the Berriman Building this November , he uncovered some clippings from that first 'Bum' period. I had hoped to go through them with him while I was home over the Christmas holidays . But for now, they are being carefully saved until such time as we can enjoy them without this raw ache." Bus Reed had been a direct mail writer for more than 20 years . In 1942h e moved to Howell with his typewriter , a lot of white paper , a wife, a daughter and a dog. He settled himself in front of the typewriter , inserted innumerable sheets of the paper and started writing direct mail letters, house organs , booklets and whatnot for clients scattered from Pittsburgh to Denver , Chicago, Detroit, Wichita, Santa Barbara , Portland , and whistle stops in between. Bus was born and raised in a small town (Terra Alta, W. Va.- population 1,000), studied advertising at New York University, had a hitch at the University of Michigan and West Virginia University , where he said he "was undistinguished ." He worked as a kid in his father 's country newspaper, The Preston Republican , as devil, reporter , typesetter , press man and make-up man. He had been among other things , a soda jerk, house-to-house salesman , teacher in summer school, amateur actor , farm hand and advertising writer . Always "big ," in every sense of the word, Bus weighed 13 pounds at birth (weighed on sugar scales by the country doctor ), Bus added to that good start by building it up to a high of 230. Bus had been six feet three inches tall since high school days. Bus was 73 when he died. (LCP had his obit wrong last week, unkindly adding 10 years to his age ). His daughter says , "To Mother and myself , he was and always will be a very special person-one of a kind ." A sentiment we at LCP heartily second, as will, I'm sure , the thousands of LCP readers who enjoyed the Gentleman Bum's weekly columns. Livingston County Press , December 27, 1972 ARTICLES SUBMITTED BY ORVILLE E. REED UNDER PENNAMETHEGENTLEMANBUM EVERY DA Y'S MIKE'S DAY In a recent letter to this paper , Elizabeth Griffith suggests to the editor that we ought to have A MIKE HAGMAN day to let him know how much we appreciate all he has done for the community . Hooray! I'm for that. In the light of his efforts to beautify our town, I suggest that every day is Mike's day and his coloring of parking meter standards is a daily reminder of 392 this fact as are the many other things he does for the community while most of the rest of us sit by and complain whatthis town needs or oughta do. Most of us should put our muscle where our mouth is and I'll say it before someone else does and quote what I've overheard: "And doing something instead of talking so much includes the Gentleman Bum ." Glad you made it, Joe Harris. A miss is as good as a mile . And a four vote hit is as good as miles and miles and miles . You'll make a swell addition to the school hassle and hope you can succeed in straightening out some of the problems that spending 80 percent of the school budget on salaries must have some effect on conditions. I see that the LCP has another slight mystery on its hands. Who is the Lady Traveler? Thanks to B. Petersmark of Cohoctah for your Jetter anent my remarks about the feasibility of doing away with the manufacturing of handguns as a means of stopping so much senseless killing. "Punish the offender " as you suggest is certainly needed but such punishment is "after the fact. " The problem is, it seems to me , to save lives rather than punish the killer after the deed has been done. I suppose Walter Stele, or is it Steel , you'll agree that there 's more killing with "snowmobiles , cars and swimming" than with handguns but I'm certain such deaths are not committed with aforethought as are handgun murders . You are right I "know little about guns " and my logic, as you big heartedly put it is "simply impossible ." But it does seem to me and my impossible logic that since handguns are made to make it easy to kill people, banning them from being manufactured would be bound to save some people from getting killed by them (although it would stop your target practice ). My handgun suggestion was not meant to be a "solution " and maybe as you say "a bummer ." It got you all steamed up on the subject. The more thinking people like you we can get to expose their ideas the sooner we'll be able to save a few Jives that are being thrown away for no reason at all. A kid can get a stomach ache from eating green apples but an apple can 't hurt him if he can't find one to eat. An adult can break a leg stumbling over a tricycle in the driveway but not unless there is one in the driveway to stumble over and a person can 't be killed by a handgun unless there is one on the market that someone can buy or steal. For someone who detests controversy I wonder how I happened to step out of character like this . It might happen to the Lady Traveler who could have her say and travel on but how did it ever happen to THE GENTLEMAN BUM? A GALLANT MAN When he reads this he will pooh pooh everything I've written down except the pain he's lived with so long and that is with him continuously. Bud was an outdoor man in the days not too far in the past. A coon hunter. A fly fisherman , a tramper through the woods just to enjoy nature until his hands refused to function and walking became a painful chore . He can 't manage the fly rod any more or the gun or the walks with even slow leaf-rustling shuffling . Arthritis has gnarled his hands , enlarged knuckles , stiffened wrist and arms to the point that he must depend upon someone to cut his meat at meal time. Yet, he never missed a day at his job at his store because of his pain or disabilities. His raw guts show in the way he enjoys a laugh at some bon mot when his face lights up and he makes you forget how he hurts. He loves a good joke and likes to kid the people he meets . I've known him for many years but have never heard him spend even a moment complaining. He keeps doped with aspirin and buoyed up by an inner glow that has never deserted him no matter what. Reading this may embarrass him but anyone who knows him will agree with everything said here . He should be an inspiration to all of us who complain about minor things, who greet most days feeling good. F'or that is not the lot of BUD WESSINGER the subject of this salute to a guy with guts and as William Wordsworth put it "Who, doomed to go in company with pain ... turns his necessity to glorious gain" . . . that gain being the respect in which he is held by those who know him. OTHER GENTLEMAN BUM ARTICLES OF INTEREST Dec. 2, 1970-Alice Gray announced Bum as columnist Dec. 2, 1970-Concerning Karl Walker Feb . 24, 1971-Concerning Winifred Ross June 3, 1971-Benches for Howell March 8, 1972-Mrs. Sidney Clark B ~oo~ (took ... l s always well posted on matter s pertainin g to the hou sehold, and on curr ent topics of home an d foreign news. H ence- 1 n lE\'>er\1?b ousebol~ . In Li vingston County where th e people ke ep this fact in view, will be found th e favorite family local newspap er- Ube ,Li\'>ingston1 Republican. .. It is the oldest pap er in the county and has th e largest circulation, while th e low subsc ripti on price ----- o ©nl\2$ 1:00 per )Vear .... P laces it within th e reach of all. Send for sample copy. No better local advertising medium can be found anywh ere. Ube Job IDepartment ... of THE REPUBLICAN is supp lied with th e latest mat erial. Orders promptly filled, at lowest living prices for good work. A dd ress all order s to- ... OEO. BARNESE, ditor and Proprietor. RadioS tationW HMI By ANN BIGNELL Radio Station WHMI first went on the air in February, 1957. It was owned at that time by Wirth Broadcasting Company with M. H. Wirth, of Howell, as owner-manager. The station was purcha sed in August, 1961 by B & H Broadcasting Company, of which Frank and Ann Bignell were major stockholders . The Bignells moved to Howell from Madison, Wisconsin. The decision to buy WHMI was based on population growth projections for the county and the charm of the area. In order to better service the area with national and international news, WHMI became an ABC network affiliate in September , 1961. Frank Bignell was president and general manager of WHMI from the time it was purchased in 1961 until his death in June, 1972, at which time those positions were assumed by Ann Bignell. In August of 1972 WHMI had an experience unique in the annals of broadcasting. A snake gained entrance to the building housing the transmitter and caused the transmitter to burn out, thus putting WHMI off the air . A new transmitter was air-lifted from Illinois and the staff worked around the clock to get it installed . The area was without WHMI's services for only a day. The following spring WHMI installed all new broadcasting equipment in a new designed control room. The inaugural program for the new studio was in March, 1973. At the present time (1975) WHMI has eight full-time and eight part-time employes . The Woman'sC hristianT emperance Union of How ell sends gre eti ngs and best wishes for the New Y ea r to the wome n of How ell and Livin gsto n cou nty, and all purchasers of the "Howell Cook Book. " We cordia lly invit e all to our monthly meetings, th e second Tuesday of eac h month, where you may listen to interesting papers, and by you r presence cheer and enco urag e tho se eng ag ed in thi s peacefu l conflict of Right again st Wrong. Come an d join the "Whit e R ibbon ers." W e believe that "Clea nlin ess is next to Godliness;" in whit ene ss fo r hea rt , soul and body; therefore, we would direct your attention to a soap that "Leads 'em all,'' whi ch will accom plish all possible for th e outwa rd man. A larg e numb er of our women have thoroughly tested this soap , and pronounce it th e best they eve r used. It is good for the laundry, good for the kit chen, and as a toil et soap is unexcelled. We "Lead 'em all," and may thi s lead you all- every woman who wants th e worth of her mon ey in a bar of soap that will outlast any oth er- straight to "ll eurmann & Marston's,'' who will be glad to supply you with this superior article. Remember the "Lead 'em all" is th e best; six bars for twen ty -five cents. You are refe rred to: Mns . CrtAS. CURTIS, MRS. D. M cINTYRE, Mns. WM, AND RE W S, Mns. Tn os . GORDON. 393 The Howell Post Office By BIRD L. HIGHT The first mail service in Howell began in the early 1830's. A History of Howell by Elisha H. Smith, published in 1868 record s the first postmaster in Howell as Flavius J.B. Crane , Jan . 15, 1836. He started operating in the Eagle Tavern . Soon horseback routes were started to carry mail once or twice a week between Howell, Kensington, Grand Rapids and other towns. These earl y carriers , Lewis Thompson and others , experienced many difficulties in establishing trails through the then wilderness . There followed many Postmaster appointments who operated from their places of business with meager equipment , a stamp window and a small section of call boxes. Eli Barnard appointed Jan . 13, 1839; Almon Whipple, appointed Feb. 9, 1841; W.A. Glover, appointed May 31, 1841; Almon Whipple, reappointed Sept. 1, 1843; George W. Lee appointed Apr. 14, 1849; Derastus Hinsman appointed June 7, 1853; Frank Wells appointed Feb . 25, 1855; Leander C. Smith appointed Mar . 16, 1861; Henry Clark , appointed Mar . 8, 1866; W.W. Kenyon, appointed Aug. 20, 1868; W.W. Kenyon reappointed Dec. 10, 1873, when the office was elevated to the Presidential class ; Julius D. Smith appointed Dec. 14, 1877; Charles E . Beurman appointed Dec. 15, 1881; Isaac W. Bush appointed Jan . 20, 1886; Thomas G. Switzer , appointed Jan . 16, 1890. During these growth years , the stage coach was used for carrying mail. One such early stage driver was 'Jack ' Stapleton who was the father of Mrs . Ella Euler of Howell. Soon the stage coach carrier gave way to the advent of the D.L.&N. (Detroit , Lansing & Northern ) Railway on what is now the Pere Marquette tracks . N. Michigan Ave. Office On March 15, 1894, Henry D. Wilbur became Postmaster. There had been a growing need for more and larger post office space. George Barnes was able to secure a Government lease of the entire first floor of his Press building on N. Michigan Avenue. It had adequate lobby space for call and lock boxes plus expansion area . It became the first permanent home of the post office. Mr. Wilber moved his office and equipment into the Government leased quarters just before leaving office in 1898. 394 The postal staff inside the old post office on N . Mich. where the Liv. Co. Press is now . First Rural Delivery On May 5, 1898, Tompthy Smith took office in the Barnes building and stayed until Feb . 15, 1915, the longest term any Postmaster had yet served . During Mr. Smith 's term , the office was made second class . Rural Free Delivery , Postal Savings System , and Parcel Post mailing came about. The first two rural routes were established Sept. 15, 1900, with John Kirk and Truman Dean driving horse and buggy over a circuit some twenty miles long. By the end of 1902t here were eight routes , with an average length of 18 miles each . Later another route was added. The first carriers were George Howe Rt. No. 1, Floyd Perkins Rt. No. 2, George ,..richolsR t. No. 3, Spencer Tooley Rt. No. 4, Wilson Tooley Rt. No. 5, Arthur Monroe Rt. No. 6. Later because of illness Joel Crittenden took his place . Fred Dean Rt. No. 7, Albert Purdy Rt. No. 8, and Arthur Drew Rt. No. 9. Later Wilson Tooley resigned and Ray Bullen was transferred here from Mason. He served for two years and then was replaced by Elmer Ellsworth . First City Delivery W.H.S. Wood took offic~in the same location Feb . 16, 1916. Under Mr. Wood city delivery service was given to the community. The first city ~arriers being Albert Purdy , Paul Wheelock and Ross Hildebrandt. At this time A.S. Durfee was sworn in as mail messenger to carry mail pouches to and from the depot. Certain trains not scheduled to stop at Howell still gave first class mail service by throwing a pouch from the moving train and grabbing by mechanical means a pouch of outgoing mail suspended from posts near the train track. It was the duty of the mail messenger to attend this procedure . During these years the rural delivery was done by horse drawn vehicles. Fred Lewis was the first to attempt a long 30-mile route with a motor car . As the years passed the roads grew better and automobiles improved . Routes were now lengthened and for a time , fewer were needed . Williams Building Wm. H. Cansfield was appointed July 1, 1924. During his term a new electric cancelling machine replaced the old method of hand cancelling . Receipts were now nearly large enough to meet requirements for a first class office. It had been second class since the latter part of Mr. Smith 's regime. Parcel post delivery was given to the city patrons during 1925. A new office location became necessary at this time and through Mr. Cansfield's efforts, Harry Williams was induced to build a building expressly for that purpose at the corner of S. Michigan and Sibley streets. Mr. Williams leased this to the Government for a ten-year period . The lease was dated Dec. 10, 1926. The office moved in completely just before the holiday rush . It remained there for the term of the lease . Federal Building Site Purhcased Bird L. Hight was appointed June 15, 1932. Under him the Oak Grove Post Office rural patrons came under the Howell and Fenton circuits . Now the four carriers were driving about 70 miles daily . The Postmaster General had currently authorized a new Federal Building for the Howell Post office. Mr. Hight was asked to secure bids for a suitable building site . Seven sites were offered. That of R.E. Barron at the N.E. corner of Sibley and Walnut streets was recommended and approved by the Post Office Dept. Barron's lot was of suitable size and at the agreed upon price of $8,900.00. The official notification was dated Washington, D.C. Sept. 25, 1935. Work on the new building was begun and continued to the end of Mr. Hight's term , June 30, 1936. Dedication Alfred Pfau was the new postmaster appointed July 1, 1936. Work progressed rapidly on the new Fe deral building. Formal dedication date was set for Oct. 22, 1936. The Procurement Division of the U.S. Treasury Dept. worked with a local committee headed by Mr. Pfau to arrange for the afternoon 's dedication program . The Grand Lodge F.&A.M. of Michigan was invited to participate. Most Worshipful Grand Master Neil Reid proceeded with the cornerstone laying according to the ritual of the Order . A sealed copper box was placed in the cornerstone containing many documents and items of the period . A list of the items was published in the Livingston County Republican Press . During Mr. Pfau 's term Postal Savings and Money Order business were both discontinued. Two outside drop boxes were placed for the deposit of outgoing mail by the public . Just before the end of his term , Mr. Pfau requested and secured an appointment as a carrier on one of the rural routes . Fay Transfers Lyman Fay was appointed July 1, 1943 as postmaster. He served for five years in the new Federal building, and at his vwn desire and request secured an appointment as a rural carrier on one of the Howell routes . He left his postmaster - ship and transferred to a rural route July 1, 1948. Civil Service Gerald Hughes became postmaster July 1, 1948. At that time all present postmasters were frozen in office and declared to be civil service appointees . Mr. Hughes served steadily for over 17 years and on Oct. 20, 1966, died suddenly in office of heart failure . Kenneth Bucknell, assistant postmaster , took over management until April 28, 1967. Then Tom Clark became acting postmaster and later by Civil Service procedure was confirmed as Postmaster , July 20, 1968. U.S. Postal Service The Postal Reorganization Act of 1968 established the U.S. Postal Service as an independent agent of the Federal Government. This eliminated the office of Postmaster General and vested all postal powers in the U.S. Postal Service , and made it responsible for its operations as a private corporation . All personnel now became civil service employees. Population increased and condensed in the rural areas . The per mile number of patrons on the rural routes multiplied many times and overburdened the carriers . In 1973a djustment was made by increasing the number of rural routes to ten in number , and shortening them and making other changes to conform to Civil Service operations . Current Operations Under Tom Clark As of August, 1975, the Howell Post Office operates as U.S. Postal service. It has ten rural routes, all heavy duty , working over 40 hours per week . There are five city carrier routes all on park and loop system . They carry mail with them in a car , a moving relay , and deliver parcel post. There are 27 employees plus 7 rural sub carriers. The office operates 6 days per week from 6:15 a.m . to 5:30 p.m. The office lobby hours are 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m . Saturday hours are from 8:30 to 12 noon. Total receipts currently running over $600,000 annually . Further references for this article may be found in a book by A. Riley Crittenden, 'History of Howell' published in 1911, and 'History of Livingston County' published in 1880. Also the following people have contributed information , Kenneth Bucknell, Ford Beckwith, Alfred Pfau Sr., Ersyl Hadley. Lyman Fay and Tom Clark. Al Pfau the da y he r et ir ed f rom the Post Of f ice , 1967. 395 "TH,7 N rS, O N . Q AkG~oVt C tM ETE R 1- EAST ·' .\ I, i . ,, t i < I ., . ............... • i J • " • J .v1"\AP e, - OF - HlOWElL THE COUNTY SEAT s~ale. 300 ft.. · 1 Inch COPY RIG.HT BY J,HA A.S HOWlLl . "' ICH. /9/0 .... I \ Library from the spire of the Presbyterian Church with north Howell in the background . The Howell Carnegie Library By MRS. GERALDINE FISHER, MRS. INA HIGHT and MRS. ALBERT ROHRABACHER The First Library In 1836, James White built a frame house on one of the lots of the present library square, facing 316 W. Clinton St. directly across from what used to be the Woodward house. Mr. White was a carpenter and the house contained many refinements in construction. It was the fifth or sixth house put up in Howell. A nephew of James White, Edward F . Gay and Nancy Smith Rohrabacher , wife of Adam Rohrabacher, who was the heir of Nellie Wood Smith, came to an agreement concerning the ownership of the property with the result that Adam Rohrabacher became owner of the house in 1840. 398 Library Coordinator Geraldine Fisher was born in Detroit, Michigan, the daughter of Stanley and Charlotte ( Kruszewski) Wojnicki. Four years Wayne University. She married Joseph Fisher on July 3, 1941, they have one son, John . Member St. Joseph Catholic Church , Howell Music Club, Howell Business and Professional Club, St. Thomas Aquinas Study Club . Head librarian Howell Carnegie Library since 1968. Adam Rohrabacher had begun his blacksmith work in Howell in 1837. In 1845J ohn D. Picnkney , whose farm was in the vicinity of N. National St. and near Thompson Lake , wished to retire , so he bought the house of Adam Rohrabacher on the present library square. Mr. Rohrabacher bought the brick house at 310 N. Michigan Ave. on the West side, said to be the oldest brick house built in 1845. Mr. Pinckney died within a few years, but his widow formerly Margaret Fraser, lived for years after his death, so that the house became known as the Margaret Pinckney or Widow Pinckney house . This was the house which later was to become the Howell Library. On the front of the library square several different companies had operated a machine shop and a foundry on the lots facing Grand River . Later they handled mowers, reapers and cream-separators. Then it became more or less of a tinker shop and junk yard. The Ladies Library Association-1875 The ladies of the Ladies Library Association of Howell, after a succession of temporary quarters, moved their books into the old Pinckney House which they rented . They placed a sign 'Howell Library ' out in front. At last they had not only room for books, but also a nice reading room, an office for the librarian, room for indexes, storage and book repair . The librarian was present only on certain days to check out books. Mrs. Bernard Glenn said she remembered this first library building. She said that it had a log out-building of some kind, possibly a woodshed. 1':'lr, Robert Krause ~ays he remembers the log building which was there , but 1s not sure whether it was on Mrs Pinckney 's lot. · Howell is Growing The facilities of this former residence were not adequate for a library in a fast growing town. The old library and land were bought along with the machine shops which occupied the front of the square, and razed for the present library . W.H.S. Wood, a Howell postmaster , was quite a politician . He and his family were entertained by President McKinley in the White House. It was due to Mr. Wood's influence that the Carnegie Foundation approved the building of the Carnegie Librar y at Howell, rather than some other Michigan city at that time. When Mr . Wood was a Supervisor , he circulated a petition in 1901 to have a proposition on the ballot to establish a township librar y. Mr. Carnegie offered to furnish $10,000 if Howell could furnish a suitable site , and $1,QOO for maintenance . The vote was favorable . The Carnegie Foundation has never given any money for the upkeep of the building, or for salaries or books. The township board appointed a committee to approve plans . The plans accepted were those of E.E . Meyers of Detroit , the same man who designed the state capitol at Lansing . Meanwhile the four sons of William McPherson , Wm. Jr ., M.J ., E .G., and Alex, had purchased the entire block for a library site . The central part where the building now stands was accepted by the township , and the remainder of the block by the city for a park . It was decided to build the library of fieldstone . An interesting story concerning the fieldstones used in the construction of the building is as follows. Farmers from each township brought the stones in. Because they were such excellent examples of rocks broken by glacial action , a Geology Professor from the University of Michigan brought his classes here for several years to study them . This story was told by Mrs. Minnie Van Slyke, a former librarian . Mr. Kuehnle of Ann Arbor took the contract to build the present library for $10,000 about 1902. After the library was partially completed, his company failed . For a long time the unfinished building was an eyesore. Then Mr. Carnegie gave $5,000 more and the Howell Women's Club also furnished a large amount so that the work on the library could be resumed . For this reason the Howell Women's Club was given a lease on a room in the basement of the library for their meeting room . The Woman's Club also furnished the little boy and girl fountain on the lawn . In 1874, an old-fashioned singing school was held in Howell. It was so successful that they had surplus funds when they discontinued. It was decided to use these funds plus other donations to establish the Ladies Library Association of Howell in 1875. The officers were Mrs . Milo L. Gay, pres ; Miss Ella Burt , corres . sec. ; Miss Nellie Hickey , rec . sec. ; Mrs . H.G. Fry , treas .; Miss Franke Skilbeck , librarian. The original 25 books soon grew to 300. They first occupied a room in the Sabin block, then moved to the Weimeister block on Grand River , then to the Hubbell block. At this time they were only open to the public on Saturdays from 3 to 5 p.m. Although they tried to maintain a reading room besides the library , it was never very successful until they moved into the Pinckney House on the library lot. Now they were able to be open several days a week. It has taken many dedicated people who have given much time to get the library started and keep it running. The minutes of the first library board meetings in the early 1900's listed the names of these men ; Thomas Gordon Jr .; W.H.S. Wood; Rev. Brooks ; M.J . McPherson; George Chapel and George Barnes. Through the years , these names appeared in the board minutes , R.B. McPherson; A.D. Thompson ; L.E . Howlett ; D.D. Monroe ; C.J. Jewett ; C.E. Skinner ; H.A. McPherson ; A. Garland ; E.L . Avery; Mrs . W.C. Huntington ; Don Van Winkle; F .J. Shields ; W.S. Farnsworth ; H.R. Bush ; Mrs . C. Goodnow; H.G. Strobel ; C.P. Adams; Mrs. H.R. Gillette; Rev. H.M. Noble; B. Woodhams ; Mrs. H.R. Smith ; Mrs. H.L. Williams ; T. Krieger ; L.B. Merritt ; Mrs . K. Hoch; Mrs . G. McClosky; P. Baldwin ; R. Englehart ; H. Lyons ; J . Maul ; L.E . Eaton ; Rev. A. Gray ; C. Badura ; Wm. R. Ladner . The present board consists of Werner Goetsch, Pres .; Mrs. Calvin Gatesman, Vice Pres .; Joy Scofield, Sec.; Audrey Murray and Irma Soderberg , Trustees . Librarians The first librarian in 1906w as Miss Lucy Chapel. Her first annual report listed 24 magazines and newspapers and 2500 books. Mrs . Myrtle Hornung Wilkinson succeeded Miss Chapel , becoming librarian in 1910. The following women have held the position of librarian during the years . Miss Gladys Cook, Miss Winifred Brown , Mrs. W.C. Huntington , Mrs. Minnie Vanslyke, Mrs . Ina Hight , Mrs . Marcia Bamber and Mrs. Geraldine Fisher , who is librarian at this time . Mrs. Ellen Lyons is children 's librarian . An item of interest to many is that Mrs . VanSlyke held the position of librarian for 25 years . She was assisted for most of the time by Mrs. Estelle Bennett. The present library staff consists of Mrs . Geraldine Fisher, librarian ; Mrs. Ellen Lyons, children 's librarian ; Mrs . Ruth Marr, bookkeeper and book processer ; Barbara Illinik , Lois Waskin, Alice Wolowicz and Charlotte Henderson , part time assistants, and Mrs . Elizabeth Garvey , story-teller . Volunteers are Mary LePiors and Lawrence Griffiths . It couldn 't beat a cool swim, but cooling your toes in a cold stream sure felt good. 399 Many will remember that Theodore Shindorf was caretaker for years; Vance Bishop for 14 years. Present caretaker is Edmond Martell . Volunteers at present are Ina Hight, and Mary LePiors. Grace Lannen and Irma Soderberg served for many years as volunteers . Changes During Mrs. Hight's term as librarian, some structural changes were made due to increasing circulation and the need for more space for books. The front entrance was remodeled , making a central entrance and two smaller rooms at either end to be used for book storage. The main room was panelled and new shelving added . The Friends of the Library Association was organized . Trips had been made to several communities where Friends groups were well accepted by the libraries and the public, and were providing help in many ways . The library board decided to join with the Washtenaw County Library System, because our library would benefit in many ways-more books-expert advice , and some services to be given. This group has now been changed somewhat, and is called the Huron Valley Library System . One daily service which is appreciated by patrons is the 'Hot Line' to Ann Arbor. Requests which our library cannot fill are given to the Ann Arbor headquarters and much information comes by car and mail directly from Ann Arbor or the State Library. In 1960, the law regulating the use of County Penal Fines was changed so that public libraries would receive a share . These added dollars have helped a great deal in the remodeling of our library , and many much needed books have been purchased. All people living in Livingston County receive free usage of the library and its many services. Those outside the system pay $5.00 for a card . Transients also pay $5.00 for a card, but this is returned when the visit is over , providing all books are returned . Friends of the Library In 1956, the Friends of the Library group was formed . Their aim is to develop community support of the library ; promote greater understanding of the resources of the library ; and encourage donations of funds for books and special equipment for library use . Many busy and interested citizens have served unpaid on the Friends Board . During the years, the Friends have conducted annual book fairs and sidewalk book sales . They have an annual membership drive each year . .T here is a cart of 'for sale' books in the lobby at all times. The public has been most generous in supplying used books for these sales . Many valuable books have been purchased by the Friends , and they have also provided the charging desk , several tables and chairs, the tables and chairs in the Michigan Room which is used at times for club meetings, card catalogues , picture files , filing cabinets, carpeting and new shelving. A bike rack and outdoor book drop box are used a great deal by the public . At present , plans are under way to make the young people's room more usable and attractive . This will include new carpeting, drapes and chairs . The Friends have sponsored Children's Art Workshops, which were conducted by Marge Banks . This year Mrs. Banks helped the children make posters for the library centennial. As of 1972 The Friends had contributed items worth approximat~ly $14,000t o the library . 400 Scouts Help During the years, some Scouts have served as Pages at the library , to work on their Community Service Projects . Other badges such as reading and book binding were earned at the library. Some years ago a Girl Scout group under the leadership of Audrey Murray and Hilda Cole, planted yellow tulips around the pool as a celebration of scouting 's 50th anniversary. The girls earned and gave the cash needed to purchase the bulbs, then kept the area weeded. Other groups , both boys and girls , under other leaders planted flowers and shrubs and raked leaves for several years. Beautification Project At the suggestion of Charley Sutton, in 1971 Mike Hagman agreed to take on the beautification of the library grounds. Jim Smith, the landscape architect for the Huron Clinton Metropolitan Authority , made the plans for the planting of flowers and shrubbery . Bob Wood and Gary Lamb helped to clear the area of the old plantings. Twelve boys from the Boys Camp at Hamburg , did the original planting with Mr. Hagman 's supervision. The money to cover the cost of seeds, plants and shrubs came from donations by interested citizens and from library funds . Michigan Room The Michigan Room has several shelves containing books about our state. Some references for those interested in Geneology can be found there also. The room is adequately equipped with tables and chairs for the convenience of the public. This room is available to clubs during library hours. Advance arrangement should be made with the librarian for its use . Children's Room In July of 1965, Mrs. Ina Hight retired as librarian and the position was taken by Mrs. Marcia Bamber . At this time the library was beginning to thrive on the greatly increased income derived from the county penal fines . At the same time , the community was rapidly expanding and there became an ever more pressing need for the enlargement of physical space in the children's department, as more and more young families moved into Howell. The library board , headed by Dr. Louis C. Eaton , and Mrs. Bamber examined the possibilities of remodeling the entire basement , to be used as a children 's area. Originally , the basement was divided into several rooms : the east one was used as a meeting room for the local Woman's Club; the center room for storage of magazines, newspapers and antique books; the west room was used as a small museum , owned by the D.A.R. and open to the public. Behind these rooms were the furnace room, which doubled as a card playing room, used by a men 's senior citizens group, and an ancient and very inadequate kitchen and rest room. The final plans were arranged with Jickling and Lyman Co. architects of Southfield. They provided for the enlargement of the three front rooms into one large children's department ; a new heating system would free the furnace room for use as a new meeting room and small kitchenette ; the rest of the back (north ) section would be made into a storage area and work roon:i, complete with sink , counters and cupboards . An entry way to the Children's department would be dug out under the main front steps to the library. With the removal of the children 's room to the downstairs , the adult book and reference department would be expanded upstairs. Meantime the book collection was increasing in all areas thanks to the extra income , and a file for art prints was begun for rental by patrons. With the completion of the plans and blueprints , Mrs. Bamber left the position in March of 1968.T he new librarian , Mrs . Geraldine Fisher , supervised completion of the remodeling project. Mrs . Ellen Lyons became Children's librarian . More Services Added During Mrs. Fisher 's time as librarian , the Microfilm service has been added . Also the Xerox machine , which is used daily by both students and citizens . Many students use the library daily . It is not unusual to find every chair filled evenings . LSCA, a Federal Title One project, funded a program providing shelving and books for the Livingston county jail. Mrs . Fisher , with the assistance of Educator Bill Lymangrover worked out the details . $3,000.00w as allowed, and $2180.00 of that amount purchased books and periodicals which are owned by the jail. The remainder was spent for shelf materials and some labor . It is expected that jail inmates will be trained to handle the circulation details and keep records . This has been well received by inmates. Mrs. Fisher and her staff are working tirelessly on the library centennial plans . Events include special exhibits of attire, home items and books of the 1870's ; a children 's puppet show (selected because puppetry is one of the most ancient of theatrical arts ); and a series of speaking engagements with speakers chosen from area writers who have had their works published . A set of historical albums entitled 'Howell Today' are proving to be most interesting. Mrs. Roy Lannen , a former employee, put the early volumes together and Mrs. Bird Hight, a volunteer worker, is assembling current albums . Circulation of all books and periodicals is now topping 50,000 per year. Several people have assisted in the collection of information for this history. Mrs. Albert Rohrabacher , wrote the foreword concerning the first library , organized by the Ladies Library Association. She acquired much of her material from talking with Howell's older citizens ; Mrs . Jane Rohrabacher , Mrs . L.E . Howlett, Mrs . Olive Merithew , Mrs. Jake Eager , Mrs . Bernard Glenn, Mrs. Grace Woods, all deceased ; Mrs . Herbert Gillette and Mr. Robert Krause , both living in the area . Mrs. Marcia Bamber wrote the section concerning the conversion of the basement into the Children 's department. Mrs. Ina Hight with Mrs. Fisher 's help, assembled the rest of the information using secretaries' notes from board meetings , beginning in 1902. Some facts were taken from the book 'History of Howell' by A. Riley Crittenden . Mrs . Albert Rohrabacher also contributed . The Jolly Joshers To aid many of our readers a little help in identifying the "Joshers" of old may be necessary . So to begin . The eminent gentleman in the immediate foreground with overcoat and soft felt hat is-you know him all right-Bill Brooks . Moving backward to the next step higher, on the readers left is the late Edward Garland. With derby and square cut coat hand in pocket is James Shields . Then comes Frank Shields, hand behind his back, derby, and swallow tailed effect in the open cut of the coat . Then beginning at upper readers left, we see bow ties , and bederbied George Fishbeck . Standing sidewise , exposing the white bosomed shirt is Howard Force . Next is Clyde Brown , Edmund Shields, Richard Barron , Percy Dudley , and Roy Fitch. C Livingston County Republican Press, February 11, 1931) 401 I J Delivering suits to Deadw ood S.D. from the Garland Tail oring factory in Howell. g I / I / The Garlands-A Nation's Tailor WHERE MEN'S CLOTHES ARE MADE TO KING GEORGE'S TASTE, HOWELL, MICHIGAN The position and reputation of A. Garland as the maker of men's clothes in correct styles and fabrics , is so well established in this vicinity as well as several western states, that he needs no commendation at our hands. We might mention in passing, however , the fact that Mr. Garland, accompanied by his wife, is now in England, the place of his birth, taking a vacation and resting . But between resting spells , he will doubtless have an eye to business and pick up some novelties for the coming year . A. Garland , while yet a young man, came with his parents from Sheffield, England , and settled at Salem , Illinois . The father came first on a visit, but liked the country so well that he brought his family over and decided to make this his future home, and transferred his property interests here. The young man drifted to Grand Rapids as cutter in a tailoring established there , and there M. F. McPherson spotted him and brought him to Howell as a cutter in their then tailor department. That was A. Garland 's first introduction to the business circles of Howell. After three or four years of faithful service Mr. Garland bought the McPherson tailoring department , moved across the street and went into business for himself. By adopting the method of doing business on business principles . Mr. Garland 's career has been one onward movement from that day until the present. In the early 90's, Mr. Garland bought the Howell Opera House, with two stores on the first floor, one of which he has since occupied with his business . He is also manager of the Opera House. In addition 402 to the local trade Mr . Garland keeps several salesmen in the west who take orders and send them here to be made up. He also has a branch store at Jackson , Mich. He is a director in the First State and Savings Bank of Howell. With all his business activity, Mr. Garland , finds time for church and charitable work . He has been superintendent of the Baptist Sunday School for a number of years and is prominent in the Baptist Church. From the beginning of his business career , Mr . Garland has been fortunate in having with him as head cutter , his brother , Alfred Garland. Alfred 's gentle voice and careful way of handling customers has been an asset in the business not to be estimated in dollars and cents . Everybody likes Alfred . EDWARD GARLAND For the last ten or fifteen years Ed Garland has been a useful factor about the Garland establishment , not only does Ed make himself useful about the store , but he works the near by towns and takes orders and measurements for clothes . Especially has Ed been hustling of late, since his father went to England and left the business in his charge . In all its departments the Garland establishment is unique . The methods of last year or the year before , will not go, as everything must be up-to-the-minute . Goods, style , cut , everything must have the latest touch. End of article copied from old newspaper framed at The Old Howell House . Note: the A. Garland referred to was Arthur Garland, then came Ed Garland, Ford Garland , and then the present Ed Garland. r r We Took to the Air. A spectacular picture for 1915. This is the first airplane landing in Howell on the infield of the fairgrcunds what looks like someone lying on the top wing is the tail of the plane behind . There was no fabric on the fusilage . The pilot sat on the bottom wing with the engine . If you look carefully , you can see his feet hanging between the wheels . Inventions Howell motors have made electric motors since 1915. Specializ i ng in large motors , this photo shows the setup line for motors which have been shipped worldwide . It has been for many years , one of Howell's greatest industries . Stringing up the telephone lines about 1913. The loaded sled in background is on the way to the Depot . Look i ng north on Michigan Ave . 408 This old shoemaker was 87 years old when this picture was taken, still working his trade. Inventions By TOM KIZER, SR. It was November 1944 that I moved my family of four to the old Sexton farm on Sexton Road, Howell. I had purchased the farm from the widow, Nellie Sexton, who resided in the historic old two story brick home just off Pinckney Road on Mason Road, now owned by Norm Jamieson. The Sexton farm was the site of the first Holstein cattle to be imported into Livingston County and Mr. Sexton is listed in the Holstein-Freisian breeding book as number 87, I believe. The author of this segment titled Inventions, Thomas Kizer Sr ., is a weekly columnist for the Livingston County Press . Kizer has been very active in community affairs over the years, and readers of the Howell Bicentennial His - tory will find his name appearing often in hospital, school and community histories . The near one hundred year old, multi-room farm home still stood, as did the big one hundred foot barn, granary and corn crob, Even the spring, used to sool the milk waiting for pick up, still flowed through the cement base of the original spring-house, and it still does some thirty years later. Most of the fields lay fallow when I bought the farm and the homestead had grown pretty much up in weeds but I loved it at first sight-the long vista over rolling fields to Keddle Road on the north and toward the tall , dark woods to the west. The aged, fieldstone pillars that once marked the farm 's entrance off Pinckney Road stood weathered and indestructible over the years, and do to this day . Pinckney Road had once run through the farm and circled back to the present road . It was done to avoid the low muck area where the road now runs due north and south. Our present home is located on what was once the mule barn . Rocks from its foundation are still very much in evidence . Though I had been exposed to farms owned by my various relatives in other parts of the country, my wife, Frances , had never been nearer farm life than driving through the country. It was all a new experience to both of us-pleasant and exciting. As with most fathers and their first born, I was a little premature in taking him hunting and trapping that first year 409 at the age of three. Now, the desire to kill or trap game is gone-destroyed in the killing of three wars, but back then it was sort of like reliving the lives of our frontier forefathers, to rise before dawn, gun in hand to run the trap lines, see the foot prints of rabbit , fox, mink, raccoon, pheasant and quail in the new snow. We had all the conveniences of city living in our country homebut I remember debating on what furnace to buy and finally settled on one that could be converted from oil to wood burning, for in those war and post war days there was no assurance our normal way of life would survive. With plenty of fire wood around the farm wood lots it seemed like a good hedge against either too high fuel cost or unavailability. Today, thirty years later it again looks like a good hedge. I had also been a youthful product of the great depression and food, heat and shelter were still the only basics one put complete store by. Money could be done without, but not food, heat and shelter. On the farm, I felt I had ably set the stage to provide for my young family . Our telephone those first few years was the old wood box type, with a little, black hand crank that signalled the operator who usually responded promptly and pleasantly. It was a multi-party line on which everyone unashamedly listened , if they had nothing more urgent to do. There was one, bad snowy night when my wife had to take the car for an errand. I was left babysitting and not long after she had gone, the phone ( our ring, two longs and a short) called and on answering I found it was she. She was stuck in the snow and had walked to the nearest house to call, no one there could The first parking meter in Howell in the fall of 1947. 410 help her. What to do? I couldn't leave the kids to take the tractor to get her . Just then a voice cut in, it was one of our neighbors-he had been listening and said , "Tom, I'll pick your wife up." Hand crank phones and party lines aren't all bad . As a kid living in Alabama where I grew up I ahd the exciting experience of possessing and listening to the first radio in our town. Popularity with my young friends surged to new highs almost overnight when my Dad brought the mysterious gadget home. It was a head set but we had two of them. Even so it was touch and go to keep everyone happy as the head sets passed from hand to hand. It must have been a full twenty-five years later that I was able to increase my own children's esteem among their contemporaries by bringing home the first T.V. in Howell. At least it was to my knowledge the first one. It all happened because of a friendship I had with a relative of the founder of Motorola . Through intercession of my friend with his Chicago relative I secured one on loan, in return for which I was to report the quality of reception and permit their technical people to visit my home and work with the set if desired. It was doubted the telecast would carry all the way from Detroit to Howell, but there was only one way to find out. In addition to the set itself, I picked up an antenna of sorts that went with it and was cautioned to get it as high up as possible. Our setting for the first viewing of a telecast was in the barn at the base of our forty foot silo. It was atop the silo that we fastened the antenna. What a miracle! Imagine setting there in our own barn, watching and hearing people fifty miles away in Detroit. It was a stupendously eerie experience . There was a snow falling at the time of that first viewing and it was not until later that we realized the "snow" in the picture was not real snow but mighty poor reception. But it looked great to us. This first TV was probably the origin of a current, successful Howell business known today as Merithew Home Entertainment Center . A couple of days after we got the set , Pete Merithew stopped by on his way home, he lived a mile down Sexton Road. He was fairly busting to see the set and asked if he could borrow it to take home to try out an antenna he had rigged on his " ham" radio pole. It did vastly improve the picture . Later Pete told me he had completely disassembled the set and put it back together, just to learn. Since it was a borrowed set and I was completely responsible, I would probably have had a stroke if I had seen the set strewn all over his shop. But he was a natural with electronics and electrical gadgetry and it wasn 't long after that he started his own TV business which eventually his son took over. Those first years in the mid-forties saw the end of horse farming , replaced with tractors . Yet several of my neighbors had at least one team for several years after we moved in. One of my closest neighbors , Glenn Keddle had a team of silver bay beauties . Glenn also had a Farmall F tractor on steel cleats, not rubber tires , but the silver bays under the affectionate guiding hands of the elder Mr. Keddle did all the hay raking, mowing and loading as well as manure spreading, corn planting and cultivating. They also pulled us on neighborhood sleigh rides. The Farman did all the plowing and fitting . The Keddles had a third horse , Old Prince who was sort of buggy horse and extra hand to the silver bays . Since they didn't use the buggy any more , Glenn offered to loan Old Prince to me, no doubt knowing I'd never give him up and would therefore buy him eventually, which I did. Old Prince was a gem. He would drive or ride willingly and happily, but work-that was something he wanted very little In the 1940's and early SO's we still did not have the dial system for telephones. When you picked up the phone, these were some of the operators who said, "Number please?" And they all wore bobby sox. to do with. I think he was the fore runner of the sit down strikes , only he called it balking. We had many beautiful winter night sleigh rides behing him in the cutter I bought from Mr. Murnigham over on Coon Lake Road . One cold, wintry December night, the last day of school before Christmas holidays, little Maple Grove, the one room country school (now a real cute home at Pinckney and Keddle Road ) held its annual Christmas play and party. We bundled up our three kids, got Old Prince hooked up to the cutter and drove the family to the school. The blanket we used over our laps did double duty covering Prince while we were inside. It was snowing mildly when we drove over but two hours later when we came out, Prince , the cutter , cars and roads were a white, puff ball world. Of all the Christmas nights I recall , that one was the most magnificently Christmas . You could almost believe the sleigh bells we had hung on Prince were the real reindeer bells of Kris Kringle himself . My generation had the thrill of first ownership of many of the things today 's generation takes for granted . Automatic dishwashers were something we had vaguely heard about that were used in big restaurants. Then suddenly they were advertised for the home. The cost installed sounded shocking, but in time, competition brought the price down and we put one in. Mother was in second heaven. The next closest thrill for her to that dishwasher was the automatic spin dry washer that replaced the old washer, wringer and tubs and it wasn't long after till the automatic dryer replaced the flapping clothes on the clothesline . Though I suppose no one would willingly go back to it, there was homely, humorous nostalgia in the old clothesline-the clothes so spritely dancing in the brks wind of a brilliant, sundrenched, spring day, or so cumbersomely flopping in billowed, frozen stiffness as they clung to the line on a cold, winter day . Another innovation that vastly improved the farmer's lot but destroyed a picture of fall and harvest that will last forever in memory , picture and verse , were the old corn shocks. Those days before the forage harvester and corn picker when the corn was cut and shocked to cure and be fed out during the winter as fodder or shucked for ears . There is no sight more warming or representative of man's well being for a bountiful harvest than a field of wagwamshaped corn shocks, each with a ring of golden pumpkins at its base. The crops laid by, the granary full, the cellar bulging with row on row of canned vegetables and fruit-let the winds of winter come and howl, we will be sheltered, warm and well fed. One day may God grant all man so blessed. Silos were an invention of the 20th century as were com- 411 bines. Somewhere in the early 40's the threshing machine, a combination of steam or gasoline power hooked to a grain separator , gave way to the tractor pulled combine which threshed the grain from the standing wheat or oats right in the field. It saved the time and labor of cutting , bundling and transporting to the old threshing machine . In the days of the threshing machine , neighboring farmers gathered to help each other and when noon came, the farm being harvested was host for the noon dinner . The same was true of silo filling and in both cases it took a loaded table of goodies to satisfy the hungry helpers. It was sort of rough for the lady of the house but often the neighbor ladies came in to help. It was a gay time, too and took a lot of the curse from the hot, hard labor of threshing and silo filling. As a custom, it is too bad it had to go by the boards, or put another way, it is too bad our life patterns today don't require some of that old neighborhood help and be helped comradeship . I think it made people more appreciative of each other and of the .fact that no man is an island unto himself. The old hand crank ice cream freezer gave way to the motor driven one but homemade ice cream will never taste quite as good as it did when, at long last, the paddle refused to turn anymore and you knew eating time had come. Refrigerators , too, went though a metamorphosis . The first were simple boxes that later became combination refrigerators and freezer units , some even with ice makers. This is the old implement shop . The driver has cranked up his Chevy truck and is about to deliver a reaper to someone's farm . 412 Freezing units replaced much canning , especially of meats , until today literally anything and everything can be and is, frozen. The old, back breaking two man cross cut saw was happily replaced by the chain saw . Power mowers came into being and made short, pleasant work of lawn mowing. One wonders how in the old days of boiled clothes laundering and scrub board washing, stove heated irons for ironing, hand tool farming and lack of electrical appliances, the people had time to do anything but work. I guess I didn't have a lot of extra time but it had other compensations and I suppose its the old story-what you haven 't had, you never miss . This contribution to the county's history was to cover the period from World War II till the present, cncluding inventions and personal memories of the time . Many of the marvels of inventions in that thirty-five year span we now take for granted , just as though they always existed . Yet forty years ago there were no dial phones, no television , no automatic dishwashers , automatic spin dry clothes washers or dryers , hermetically sealed silos, grain combines , refrigerator food freezers and ice makers , chain saws or power lawn mowers . But despite these marvels of parctical invention that have been a part of our time , the most incredulous accomplishment lies in man 's walk on the moon to find it made of dust , not green cheese. A civilization that can do that, can do anything . The i nside of an early machine shop , which finished pistons and rods for gasoline engines . All the machines had pulleys and all were run by one large electric motor . Here we see an old thrash i ng outfit travelling through Oak Grove , north of town . This is after the turn of the century and everyone in the area gets into the picture . They travelled from farm to farm thrashing the grain during the harvest season . 413 Main Street of Michigan This is a picture of W . Grand River from where the front of the Masonic Temple is now , looking west . The spring rains of 1912 have churned up the mud so that it is almost impassable . Things reached a fever pitch in 1915 as the Wolverine Paved Way was nearing completion. A brick road from Detroit to Lansing would be finished and the town's main street would finally be paved. In this photograph autos had started from Lansing and picked up others in all the small towns on the way to Howell for the big celebration . As you can see, they didn't worry about parking . They stopped their cars in the street and left them . Before Prohibition, Howell was known as the fun city of Southern Michigan, and there are said to have been 13 bars in the main four blocks of town . All the travelling men made it a point to stay over in Howell whenever possible . II was said that you could not fall down on the main street of town without falling into the doorway of a bar . This probably explains the empty cars after a long dusty trip . Not ice, too , that about half the cars are still right hand drive . The Knights Templar who were in all the Howell parade and were the keystone of the parades, are marching here in the celebration of the soon to be finished paved road in Howell. ' .. -----;;~ --------- --. - - Grand River looking East on a Sunday afternoon , 1975. Note Extra information that can be shown with the item. Such as how to get a physical copy of the item. Use the Windows Snipping Tool to capture the area of the document you want to save. If you want multiple pages printed please see staff to print the pages you want. <a href="https://howelllibrary.org/technology/#print" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">View the library's printing information.</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Howell Bicentennial History 1776-1976 (Part 2 of 3) Pages 223-421 Description An account of the resource The Howell, Michigan Bicentennial History 1776-1976 Part 2 of 3 Pages 223-421 <ul> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/241">View Bicentennial History Part 1</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/242">View Bicentennial History Part 2</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/243">View Bicentennial History Part 3</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/244">View Photo Supplement Part 1</a></li> <li><a href="https://archives.howelllibrary.org/items/show/245">View Photo Supplement Part 2</a></li> </ul> Subject The topic of the resource History Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource No Copyright - United States Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jaehnig, D.L. ed Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The American Revolution Bicentennial Committee, City of Howell Michigan Type The nature or genre of the resource Text history